JP2001104975A - Mass for water leaning and water cleaning structure using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water leaning technology for the river and the like which enhances a sticking ability of microorganisms and algae as well as enhances a decompositional ability of organic materials with microorganisms and algae by reducing a rate of water stream coming into contact with a mortar containing charcoal in a water purification technology using the mortar containing charcoal. SOLUTION: A charcoal containing mortar layer 10 having charcoal incorporated into mortar is formed on the surface of a mass 1 (a mass of concrete, a mass of natural stone, a mass of rubble or the like). This mass A for water cleaning is installed at the bottom of a river and the like in numerously accumulated state.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water purification technology for purifying water in rivers, seas, ponds, waterways, etc. using a mortar containing charcoal mixed with mortar and charcoal.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, regarding water purification technology for rivers and waterways, a shore protection block is formed by integrally forming a mortar containing charcoal in which mortar is mixed with charcoal on a surface thereof. It has been proposed to purify rivers and other waters by constructing a revetment wall on the surface. Therefore, in this water purification technology, microorganisms and algae adhere to the mortar layer due to the porosity of the charcoal contained in the charcoal-containing mortar, and the microorganisms and algae decompose organic matter, which is one of the causes of pollution in rivers and waterways. Water purification of rivers and the like can be performed.

[0003]

However, in the conventional revetment technology for water purification, the mortar layer formed by the mortar containing charcoal is merely formed on the surface of the revetment block. As a result, water flows too smoothly along the surface, and the surface of the mortar layer is washed away by the water flow, so that it is difficult for microorganisms and algae to adhere to the mortar layer. However, there is a problem that decomposition of organic substances is hardly caused by the above.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems. In a water purification technology using a mortar containing charcoal, the speed of a water flow contacting the mortar containing charcoal is reduced to reduce the speed of microorganisms. It is an object of the present invention to provide a water purification mass and a water purification structure using the water purification mass, which can improve the ability of microorganisms and algae to decompose organic substances, while improving the adhesion ability of microorganisms and algae. .

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a water-purifying lump according to the present invention (claim 1) is characterized in that a mortar layer containing charcoal obtained by mixing mortar with charcoal or the like is provided on the surface of the lump. The configuration was formed. In this water purification mass, the mass is a concrete mass (claim 2), the mass is a natural stone mass (claim 3), and the mass is a crushed stone mass (claim 4). There is. Therefore, in this water purification lump, since the mortar layer containing charcoal is formed on the surface of the lump, water can be purified by the mortar layer containing charcoal.

According to the present invention (claim 5), a water-purifying structure using the water-purifying lump includes a water-containing layer in which a mortar layer containing charcoal or the like mixed with mortar is formed on the surface of the lump. A configuration was adopted in which a large number of purification lumps were installed in a state of being accumulated at the bottom of a river or the like.

Further, in the water purification structure of the present invention (claim 6), the water purifying lump having a charcoal-containing mortar layer formed by mixing mortar with charcoal or the like formed on the surface of the lump is passed through the water gap. A large number of sheets were held between the plate members held and opposed to each other, and were installed at the bottom of a river or the like.

In the water purification structure of the present invention (claim 7), a water purification block in which a mortar layer containing charcoal and a mixture of mortar and charcoal is formed on the surface of the block is formed on a revetment block. A large number of them were accumulated in the through-holes and installed on the revetment walls of rivers.

Further, in the water purification structure of the present invention (claim 8), a water passage is formed by the water purification block in which a mortar layer containing charcoal mixed with mortar is formed on the surface of the block. It was configured to be installed at the bottom of a river or the like while being housed inside the frame that was made.

In each of the above water purification structures, a large number of water purification lumps are installed in a state of being accumulated. Accordingly, a gap is formed between the water purification masses adjacent to each other in the accumulated state, and the water flow of a river or the like passes through the gap, and the force of the water flow is weakened by the resistance received when passing through the gap, and the flow velocity is reduced. In this way, the water flow passing through the gap gently contacts the charcoal-containing mortar formed on the surface of the water-purifying lump, without the surface of the charcoal-containing mortar being washed away,
The contact between the charcoal-containing mortar and water is sufficiently promoted to improve the adhesion of microorganisms and the ability to generate algae, thereby improving the ability of microorganisms and algae to decompose organic substances.
In addition, the generation of algae in the gaps can prevent the generated algae from being washed away by the water current, and adhere to garbage and leaves, earthworms and crabs, etc., forming a favorable environment for the growth of algae. .

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following embodiments, the same components are designated by the same reference numerals in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a first embodiment and is a cutaway perspective view of a water purification mass. The lump A for water purification is obtained by forming a mortar layer 10 containing charcoal in which mortar is mixed with charcoal or the like, on the surface of the lump 1. In this case, as the lump 1, a concrete lump, a natural stone lump, or a crushed stone lump (including chestnut stone) can be used. In addition, a plastic lump, a metal lump, a wooden lump, or a porous body (porous concrete lump, etc.) can also be used. Further, the shape of the water purification mass A can be formed in a stone shape, a rock shape, a spherical shape, a hemispherical shape, an egg shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, a columnar shape, a cone shape, a polygonal shape, or the like. The size of the water purification mass A is preferably approximately 5 cm to 30 cm in diameter from the viewpoint of production and handling, but is not limited thereto.
Hereinafter, the diameter may be 30 cm or more.

Next, examples of raw materials and mixing ratios of the mortar containing charcoal are shown below. Bamboo charcoal (particle diameter: about 5 mm) and activated silica are mixed in the following ratio in a mortar in which a solidifying base (alumina cement) and fine aggregate (silica sand) are mixed in a ratio of 2: 3. . Mortar (alumina cement: silica sand = 2: 3) 60 to 85% by weight Bamboo charcoal 15 to 40% by weight Activated silica 2 to 5% by weight In addition, raw materials and mixing ratio of mortar containing charcoal for forming mortar layer 10 containing charcoal Can be set as appropriate. Of course, charcoal and activated carbon can be used in addition to bamboo charcoal, and in addition, scrap iron and slag can also be added. The mortar containing charcoal can be mixed with silica resin, charcoal and cement in an acrylic resin so that the adhesive strength with the base is at least about 15 kg / square cm. Moreover, the mortar layer 10 containing charcoal is
May be formed on the entire surface or part of the surface of the lump 1, and the thickness of the layer is not particularly limited. In consideration of the above, it is preferably approximately 3 mm to 10 mm. The method of forming the charcoal-containing mortar layer 10 is also not particularly limited. In general, the charcoal-containing mortar is spray-coated on the surface of the lump 1 or the lump is placed in a tank containing the charcoal-containing mortar. Mortar layer 1 on the surface of lump 1
0 will be formed.

Therefore, in this water purification mass A, the mass 1
Mortar layer 10 is formed on the surface of
Water can be purified by this mortar layer 10 containing charcoal.

Next, FIG. 2 is a front view showing a first embodiment of a water purification structure using a water purification mass. This water purification structure is constructed at the bottom of a river or the like (including a waterway, a lake, a pond) or at a bank protection section, and is installed in a state where a large number of water purification lumps A are accumulated. is there. In addition, the number of accumulation stages of the water purification mass A is appropriately determined according to the size (river width and depth) of a river or the like. Therefore, in this water purification structure, a gap S is formed between the water purification masses A, A that are adjacent to each other in the accumulated state, and the water flow of a river or the like passes through the gap S, and the resistance received when passing through the gap S. The momentum of the water flow is weakened, and the flow velocity decreases. As described above, the water flow passing through the gap S comes into gentle contact with the charcoal-containing mortar layer 10 formed on the surface of the water-purifying lump A, and the surface of the charcoal-containing mortar is not washed away. The contact between the mortar containing the water and the water is sufficiently promoted, so that the adhesion of microorganisms and the generation of algae can be improved, and the ability of microorganisms and algae to decompose organic substances can be improved. In addition, the generation of algae in the gap S can prevent the generated algae from being washed away by the water current, adhere to garbage and leaves of trees, settle in earthworms and crabs, and provide a good environment for the growth of algae. I have. Although algae are unlikely to be generated by the water purification mass A alone, an algae growth environment can be created by accumulating the algae.

Next, FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of the water purification structure using the water purification mass. In this water purification structure, a large number of water purification lumps A are accumulated between the plate members 2 and 2 facing each other while holding the water gap 20, and the bottom of a river or the like (including a bank protection part for seawalls). ). The plate member 2 is formed in a flat plate shape (1 m × 1 m in the embodiment) from concrete, and a protruding portion 21 is provided on one surface thereof.
The plate members 2 are stacked in several stages so as to hold
At this time, by accumulating a large number of the water purification lumps A in the water gap 20, the accumulated water purification lumps A are sandwiched vertically by the plate members 2, 2. Note that 22
Is a cover plate, which is installed on the uppermost stage, and on which a mortar layer 23 containing charcoal is formed. Further, a through hole 24 is formed in the plate member 2 and the cover plate 22, and the through hole 24 communicates with the water gap 20. The number of stacking stages of the plate member 2 (the number of stacking stages of the water-purifying lump A) is appropriately determined according to the size (river width and depth) of a river or the like. In addition, it is optional to arrange a plurality of stacked water purification lumps A sandwiched vertically by the plate members 2 and 2 in the width direction and the front-rear direction of a river or the like. The material, size, thickness, and the like of the member 2 can be appropriately determined, and a mortar layer containing carbon may be formed on both surfaces of the plate member 2. Further, a water purification structure in which the accumulated water purification mass A is sandwiched up and down can also be formed by a mere plate member having no projection 21 formed thereon.

Next, FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a third embodiment of the water purification structure using the water purification mass. In this water purification structure, a large number of water purification lumps A are installed on a seawall 31 such as a river in a state of being accumulated in a large number of through-holes 30 formed in the seawall block 3. The revetment block 3
Is formed in the shape of a slightly thicker rectangular panel (1 m × 1 m in the embodiment) made of concrete, and a water passage through hole 30 is formed penetrating the inside of the thickness, and a water passage through hole 30 is formed in the front. Are formed, and a mortar layer 33 containing charcoal is formed in front of the plurality of small water holes 32. The revetment block 3 is stretched along the revetment wall 31 so as to be juxtaposed in the left-right direction and the up-down direction, thereby constructing a water purification revetment wall. The matching revetment blocks 3, 3 are laid so that the water penetration through holes 30, 30 communicate with each other. Further, at the time of construction, the water purification through-hole 30 may be filled with the water purification lump A while the revetment block 3 is being stretched, or the water purification through-hole 30 The revetment block 3 filled with the lump A may be stretched, or the lump A for water purification may be filled into the water through-hole 30 after the revetment block 3 is stretched. In this embodiment, a water purification structure using the revetment block 3 is used. However, a frame body having the same shape as the revetment block 3 and having a water passage through hole 30 as a water passage is formed. It is also possible to form a water purification structure in which a water purification block accommodated in a water channel is installed at the bottom of a river or the like (including a bank protection part). The humus or bacteria can be partially filled in the water passage through-hole 30.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the water purification structure using the water purification mass. In this water purification structure, the water purification mass A is installed on the bottom or the like of a river or the like (including a bank protection section) while being housed inside the frame 5 in which the water passage 50 is formed. It is. The frame 5
Is framed in a double-girder shape by alternately stacking left and right frame members 51 and front and rear frame members 52 in the vertical direction, and a water purification mass A is accommodated in a space 53 formed therein. ing. Reference numeral 54 denotes a cover plate, which is provided at the uppermost stage, and whose upper surface is formed in a split stone shape.
In this water purification structure, it is optional to arrange a plurality of frames 5 each containing the water purification mass A therein in the width direction and the front-rear direction of a river or the like. , 52
The material, size, thickness, etc. of the frame material 5 can be appropriately determined.
Small water passage holes may be formed in 1, 52 or the cover plate 54, or a mortar layer containing charcoal may be formed on the surface. In some cases, the cover plate 54 may not be provided.

Next, FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the water purification structure using the water purification mass. In this water purification structure, the water purification mass A is installed on the bottom or the like of a river or the like (including a bank protection section) while being housed inside the frame 6 having the water passage 60 formed therein. It is. The frame 6
A bottom plate 62 is erected on the bottom of a cylindrical body 61 made of concrete while holding a water passage space 63 serving as a path for fish, and a space 64 for accommodating the water purification block A is formed above the bottom plate 62. The water passage 60 is formed by the space 64 and the small water holes 65 formed in the cylindrical body 61 and the bottom plate 62. In addition, 66 is a lid plate, which is installed at the uppermost stage,
The upper surface is formed in a split stone shape. In this water purification structure, it is optional to arrange a plurality of the frames 6 accommodating the water purification lump A therein in the width direction and the front-rear direction of a river or the like. The materials (for example, the cylindrical body is formed of concrete and the bottom plate is formed of a wooden board), the size, the thickness, and the like of the cylindrical member 61 and the bottom plate 62 can be appropriately determined. A mortar layer containing carbon may be formed on the surface of the mortar. Further, the bottom plate 62 may be formed integrally with the tubular body 61, or may be provided on a locking body 67 projecting from the inner surface of the tubular body 61 as shown in the figure.
A water passage space 63 is formed in the lower layer of the algae, which is suitable for fish inhabitation. If a humus of about 5 cm is formed at the bottom of the water passage space 63, earthworms can grow faster.

Next, FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a sixth embodiment of the water purification structure using the water purification mass. In this water purification structure, the water purification mass A is installed on the bottom or the like of a river or the like (including a seawall protection part) while being housed inside the frame 7 in which the water passage 70 is formed. It is. The frame 7
Is a space 7 for accommodating the water purification mass A therein.
1 is formed in the rock-shaped block 7a in which the water-permeable small holes 72 are formed, and the small holes 72 communicating with the space 71 are formed on the surface of the rock-shaped block 7a.
A water passage 70 is formed. In this case, the rock-shaped block 7a is formed by detachably combining block bodies 73, 73 of concrete divided into two (plurality) with a stepped mating surface 74, and a mortar layer 75 containing charcoal on the surface. Is formed. The meaning of “split” is to eliminate the sediment deposited in the space 71 in many years. In this water purification structure, the rocky block 7a containing the water purification block A in the space 71 is connected to a river or the like (a waterway,
(Including lakes and ponds) are installed in a state of being piled up or juxtaposed at the bottom of a seawall or a seawall, and the number of accumulation stages or juxtapositions depends on the size of rivers (river width and depth), etc. Decide appropriately.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a seventh embodiment of the water purification structure using the water purification mass. In this water purification structure, the water purification block A is installed on the bottom or the like of a river or the like (including a seawall protection part) while being housed inside the frame 8 having the water passage 80 formed therein. It is. The frame 8
Is formed in a prone bowl-shaped block 8a made of concrete, in which a concave space 81 for accommodating the water purification block A is formed, and a small water passage 82 communicating with the concave space 81 is formed in the bowl. A water passage 80 is formed on the surface of the block 8a. The water passage 80 is formed by the small water passage 82 and the concave space 81. In this case, an opening 84 that can be opened and closed by a lid 83 is formed in the upper part of the bowl-shaped block 8a.
To be stored. In this water purification structure,
Rocky block 8 containing water purification mass A in concave space 81
a is to be installed in a state where it is juxtaposed at the bottom of rivers (including waterways, lakes and ponds) and at the seawalls, and the number of juxtapositions is the size (river width and depth) of rivers, etc. It is determined appropriately according to the above. It is also possible to insert leaves, bacteria and the like in advance in the accumulation of the water purification mass A.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this. For example, in a water purification structure, when a large number of water purification masses are accumulated, a large number of water purification masses having the same particle size and shape may be accumulated, or the particle size, shape, and material of the mass are different. A large number of water purification lumps may be mixed and accumulated. Ponds, lakes and the sea can be used. In the third embodiment, a method of forming the revetment block 3 will be described. First, the water penetration through hole 3
It is advisable to combine four charcoal-containing mortar layer panels (not shown) to create zero. Then, the combination is assembled in a mold. In the fourth embodiment, the frame 5 may have a core material made of ordinary concrete and the surface may be formed of porous concrete. In soft ground, the lump 1 may be lightweight concrete. The present invention also includes the accumulation of the water purification mass in the hole or space of a commercially available follow care.

[0023]

As described above, in the water purifying lump of the present invention, since the mortar layer containing charcoal is formed on the surface of the lump, water is purified by the mortar layer containing charcoal. Can be performed.

In the water purification structure of the present invention, a gap is formed between adjacent water purification masses in an accumulated state, and a water flow such as a river flows through the gap and is received when passing through the gap. The resistance weakens the momentum of the water flow and reduces the flow velocity.
In this way, the water flow passing through the gap gently contacts the mortar body containing charcoal formed on the surface of the water purification mass,
The surface of the mortar with charcoal is not washed away, and the contact between the mortar with charcoal and water is sufficiently promoted, and the ability to attach microorganisms and generate algae can be improved. Can be improved. In addition, the generation of algae in the gaps can prevent the generated algae from being washed away by the water current, and adhere to garbage and leaves, earthworms and crabs, etc., forming a favorable environment for the growth of algae. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cutaway perspective view of a water purification mass according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a water purification structure using a water purification mass.
It is a front view which shows a form.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the water purification structure using the water purification mass.
It is sectional drawing which shows a form.

FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the water purification structure using the water purification mass.
It is sectional drawing which shows a state.

FIG. 5 is a fourth embodiment of the water purification structure using the water purification mass.
It is sectional drawing which shows a state.

FIG. 6 is a fifth embodiment of the water purification structure using the water purification mass.
It is sectional drawing which shows a state.

FIG. 7 shows a sixth embodiment of the water purification structure using the water purification mass.
It is sectional drawing which shows a state.

FIG. 8 shows a seventh embodiment of the water purification structure using the water purification mass.
It is sectional drawing which shows a state.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A lump for water purification 1 lump 10 mortar layer containing charcoal

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A lump for water purification, wherein a mortar layer containing charcoal in which mortar is mixed with charcoal is formed on the surface of the lump. 2. The water purification mass according to claim 1, wherein the mass is a concrete mass. 3. The water purification mass according to claim 1, wherein the mass is a natural stone mass. 4. The water purification mass according to claim 1, wherein the mass is a crushed stone mass. 5. A method in which a large number of water-purifying lumps in which a mortar layer containing charcoal mixed with mortar and the like is formed on the surface of the lumps are installed in a state where many lumps for water purification are accumulated at the bottom of a river or the like. Characterized water purification structure. 6. A large number of water-purifying lumps in which a mortar layer containing charcoal and a mixture of mortar and charcoal is formed on the surface of the lumps are accumulated between plate members opposed to each other while maintaining a water gap. A water purification structure characterized by being installed at the bottom of a river or the like in a state. 7. A river in which a large number of water-purifying lumps having a mortar layer containing charcoal mixed with mortar and the like formed on the surface of the lumps are accumulated in water passage through holes formed in the revetment block. Water purification structure characterized by being installed on the revetment wall. 8. A river or the like in a state where a water-purifying lump in which a mortar layer containing charcoal in which mortar is mixed with charcoal and the like is formed on the surface of the lump is accommodated inside a frame having a water passage formed therein. A water purification structure characterized by being installed at the bottom of a building.