JP2001098726A - Roof material containing solar cell module and manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent generation of optical problem caused by reflection of sun beam on the whole surface of a roof. SOLUTION: This is a roof material containing a solar cell module comprising rails 20a, 20b placed on tile rods positioned on a roof, a solar cell module 10 with a frame 12 fixed onto the rail by fixing metal fittings, covers 40a, 40b mounted between the modules so as to cover the rail, an edge decoration board 50 mounted on an end surface of the rail. Anti-glaring films 60 are formed at least on an upper surface of the module 10, an exposed surface of the frame 12, an upper surface of the cover 40a, 40b, an exposed surface of the rail 20a, 20b, and exposed surface of the board 50.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a roofing material including a solar cell module, and more particularly to an anti-glare technique for an entire roof.

[0002]

In recent years, from environmental problems such as an increase in the CO ₂ of the problems and the atmosphere of the depletion of fossil energy resources, has been desired the development of a new clean energy, it is especially expected to solar power I have. Solar cell modules used for photovoltaic power generation are roughly classified into crystalline modules and thin-film modules.

In a crystalline solar cell module, 20 to 30 solar cells formed using a small-area single-crystal semiconductor wafer on a front cover glass are arranged and interconnected. These cells are sealed with a filler such as EVA and protected with a protective film such as Tedlar (registered trademark).

In a thin-film solar cell module (substrate-integrated module), a transparent electrode layer, a semiconductor thin-film photoelectric conversion layer, and a back electrode layer are sequentially stacked on a glass substrate also serving as a front cover glass. These layers are divided into a plurality of solar cells using vapor phase growth and patterning by laser scribing and are electrically interconnected (integrated), whereby a desired voltage and current output are obtained. Is obtained. The same filler and protective film as in the case of the crystalline solar cell module are used in the thin film solar cell module.

[0005] The features of the thin-film solar cell module over the crystalline solar cell module are that it does not require wiring between elements and sealing resin between the element and the glass substrate. In this case, there is no energy loss due to light absorption and no characteristic deterioration due to yellowing of the sealing resin.

By the way, when the solar cell modules having the above configuration are arranged on a roof or an outer wall of a building, depending on the angle between the sun and the solar cell modules, sunlight may be reflected to illuminate the inside of an adjacent house. Some problems such as light pollution were pointed out.

Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, a technique for forming an uneven shape on the surface of a glass substrate has been proposed (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-74552). However, this technique has various problems such as an increase in cost involved in processing the glass substrate and a decrease in the strength of the glass substrate.

Further, it is conceivable to form an anti-glare film having a function of diffusely reflecting light on the upper surface of the solar cell module. However, even if the anti-glare film is formed only on the upper surface of the solar cell module, it can be seen on the entire roof. For example, the problem of light pollution due to the reflection of sunlight other than on the upper surface of the solar cell module remains.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a roofing material including a solar cell module having no problem of light pollution due to the reflection of sunlight on the entire roof.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A roofing material including a solar cell module according to the present invention is a solar cell module with a frame, a member used for fixing the solar cell module with a frame to a roof surface, a rain breaker, and a decorative plate. Characterized in that an anti-glare film is formed on a part or the whole of the exposed surface.

The roof material including another solar cell module according to the present invention includes a solar cell module, a module component such as a backing material of the solar cell module, a member used for fixing the solar cell module to a roof surface, and rain. An anti-glare film is formed on a part or the whole of the exposed surface of the closing member and the decorative plate.

In the present invention, the exposed surface means a portion that is visible when the roof material is viewed from the surroundings. The solar cell module may be either a thin film type or a crystalline type.

The antiglare film used in the present invention contains an organic polymer, an inorganic polymer or a composite material thereof. This anti-glare film has a surface including fine irregularities suitable for scattering light. The anti-glare film further comprises inorganic particles or /
And organic particles. In the present invention, the anti-glare film may further include a stain prevention film having a flat surface formed on the uneven surface.

In the present invention, when an organic polymer is used as the antiglare film, it is preferable to use an acrylic resin, a fluorine resin, or a mixture containing these.

The acrylic resin has the following molecular structure:

[0016]

Embedded image

Wherein R ₁ is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R ₂ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent carbon atom selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group and an aralkyl group. A represents a hydrogen group, a represents 0, 1, or 2), and includes a hydrolyzable silyl group-containing acrylic copolymer. Examples of the fluorine-based resin include a hydroxyl-containing fluorine-based resin.

In the present invention, when an inorganic polymer is used as the antiglare film, it is preferable to use an alkyl silicate (specifically, ethyl silicate, butyl silicate or a mixture thereof) as the raw material. Inorganic polymers produced from such raw materials include silica.

When inorganic particles are contained in the antiglare film as described above, examples of the inorganic particles include silica particles. When the anti-glare film contains organic particles, the organic particles include, for example, an acrylic resin, a fluororesin,
Examples include polyethylene wax, or a mixture of at least two or more thereof.

In the method for manufacturing a roofing material including a solar cell module according to the present invention, an antiglare film forming process is performed on a part or all of the exposed parts of the solar cell and the module components such as the frame and / or the backing material. It is characterized in that it is assembled into a solar cell module.

[0021]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 are perspective views showing a method of installing a solar cell module on a roof. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state where a solar cell module with a frame is mounted on a rail. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the solar cell module with a frame is fixed to a rail with a fixing bracket. FIG. 5 is a side view showing a state where an edge decorative plate is attached to an end surface of the rail.

1 and 2, the roof 100 has a vertical direction (a vertical direction along a slope from the ridge side to the eaves side).
Is provided with a tile rod 101. End rails 20a and center rails 20b made of lip grooved steel are placed horizontally on the tile rod 101 at predetermined intervals. The solar cell module with frame 10 is placed vertically on the end rail 20a and the center rail 20b, and the frame of the solar cell module 10 is fixed to the end rail 20a and the center rail 20b by module fixing brackets. At this time, two adjacent in the horizontal direction
Although no gap is formed between two solar cell modules 10, a gap is formed between two adjacent solar cell modules 10 in the vertical direction. The solar cell module 10 may be placed horizontally. The end cover 40a and the center cover 40b are fitted in a gap between two vertically adjacent solar cell modules 10.

FIG. 3 shows a state where the solar cell module is mounted on the end rail. As shown in FIG. 3, the frame 12 of the solar cell module 10 is mounted on the upper surface of the end rail 20a. Then, the array output cable 15 of the solar cell module 10 is pulled out along the cable holding portion of the end rail 20a. Although not shown, two solar cell modules 10 are mounted on the center rail 20b with a gap. End rail 20
a (or the center rail 20b) of the frame 12 of the solar cell module 10 is attached to the upper bracket 3
1. A module fixing bracket 30 including a fastening bolt 32 inserted into the upper bracket 31 and a stopper 33 screwed to a lower end of the fastening bolt 32.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which two solar cell modules with a frame are fixed on a center rail by fixing brackets. In FIG. 4, the solar cell module 10
Is attached to a frame 12 via a gasket 11. An engagement portion 13 is formed on a lower side surface of the frame 12. On the other hand, the center rail 20b made of lip grooved steel has lips 21 formed on both sides of the upper surface,
A groove is formed at the center of these lips 21. The ends of these lips 21 facing the grooves are respectively provided with end plates 22.
Are formed. Further, guides 23 projecting downward are formed on the lower surfaces of these lips 21. 2 on each of the lips 21 on both sides of the upper surface of the center rail 20b.
The ends of the frames 12 of the two solar cell modules 10 are placed.

The upper bracket 31 of the module fixing bracket 30 is
The inner part 31a is engaged with the inside of the end plate 22 of the center rail 20b, and the frame 1
2 is engaged with the engaging portion 13 formed on the side surface. A tightening bolt 32 is inserted into the upper fitting 31 from above, and is disposed inside a groove formed between the lips 21 on both sides of the upper surface of the center rail 20b. A stopper 33 is screwed to a lower end of the tightening bolt 32. The stopper 33 is a guide 2 formed on the lower surface of the lip 21 of the center rail 20b.
3 is fixed obliquely by abutting on the inner side surface of the lip 21 and is tightened in a state in which a concave portion 33 a provided on the upper surface thereof is fitted to the lower end of the end plate 22 of the lip 21. Further, a cover engaging portion 31b is formed on the upper part of the upper fitting 31, and the center cover 40b is engaged with the cover engaging portion 31b.

As shown in FIG. 5, the center rail 20b
And an edge decoration plate 5 on the end face of the center cover 40b.
0 is attached by a screw 51. Although not shown, an edge decoration plate having a shape different from that of the edge decoration plate 50 of FIG. 5 is attached to the end surfaces of the end rail 20a and the end cover 40a.

When viewed from the surroundings, the roof material composed of each of the above-described members has an upper surface of the solar cell module 10 and an exposed surface of the frame 12 of the solar cell module 10 (specifically, on the same plane as the upper surface of the solar cell module 10). A vertical portion of a certain frame 12 and a side portion of the frame in the solar cell module 10 installed on the outermost periphery of the roof), upper surfaces of the end cover 40a and the center cover 40b, an outer exposed surface of the end rail 20a, and an edge The side of the plaque 50 can be seen. In the present invention, an antiglare film is formed on at least these portions.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an antiglare film is formed on the upper surface of the thin-film solar cell module. In FIG. 6, a transparent electrode layer 2 made of a transparent conductive oxide film (TCO) such as SnO ₂ , a semiconductor photoelectric conversion layer 3 made of silicon or the like, and a back electrode layer 4 made of Ag or the like are formed on the lower surface of a transparent insulating substrate 1. Are sequentially stacked. These scribe lines 2a of the transparent electrode layer 2, the scribe lines 3a of the semiconductor photoelectric conversion layer 3, and the scribe lines 4a of the back electrode layer 4 extend in a plurality of elongated strip-shaped regions, respectively, extending in the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. Is divided into The strip-shaped transparent electrode 2 and the semiconductor photoelectric conversion layer 3 that are sequentially stacked in this manner are respectively provided.
And one rectangular solar cell 5 by the back electrode 4
Are formed. Transparent electrode 2 of any solar cell 5
Is connected to the back electrode 4 of the adjacent solar cell 5 via the scribe line 3a of the semiconductor layer, and the plurality of solar cells 5 are electrically integrated in series. The back surfaces of the plurality of solar cells thus integrated are sealed with a filler 6 and further protected by a weather-resistant back cover film 7 laminated thereon. Then, an antiglare film 60 is formed on the upper surface of the transparent insulating substrate 1. Fine irregularities suitable for scattering light are formed on the surface of the anti-glare film 60.

In the solar cell module according to the present invention, the transparent electrode layer 2 is made of SnO ₂ , ITO, ITO,
/ SnO ₂ laminate, ZnO or the like is used. As the semiconductor photoelectric conversion layer 3, amorphous silicon a-Si,
Hydrogenated amorphous silicon a-Si: H, hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide a-SiC: H, amorphous silicon nitride and the like, and alloys of silicon with other elements such as carbon, germanium and tin The amorphous or microcrystal of an amorphous silicon-based semiconductor made of pin, nip, ni, p
A semiconductor layer synthesized into an n-type, a MIS type, a heterojunction type, a homojunction type, a Schottky barrier type, or a combination thereof is used. In addition, a CdS-based, GaAs-based, InP-based, or the like can be used as the semiconductor photoelectric conversion layer. As the back electrode layer 4, a metal or a composite film of metal oxide / metal or the like is used. As the filler 6, silicon, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, or the like is used. Back cover film 7
As a fluorine-based resin film, polyethylene terephthalate, or a metal film such as aluminum or Si
A multilayer film or the like obtained by laminating a thin film such as O ₂ is used.

Similarly, FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a state in which an antiglare film 60 having a fine uneven surface is formed on the upper surface of the center cover 40b. Although not shown, the solar cell module 1
The anti-glare film is also formed on the exposed surface of the frame 12, the outer exposed surface of the end rail 20a, and the side surface of the edge decoration plate 50 as in FIG. Here, the frame 12 of the solar cell module 10 does not have a distinction between a vertical installation and a horizontal installation,
Moreover, since there is no distinction between those installed on the outermost periphery of the roof and those installed on the inner side, an anti-glare film is formed on all of the top and side surfaces of the frame 12 which may be exposed when installed. Preferably.

As a material of the anti-glare film 60, an organic polymer, an inorganic polymer, or a composite material thereof can be used as described later in detail. An anti-glare film 60 is formed by applying a coating material obtained by adding a curing agent to these raw materials or diluting the diluent with a diluent to the glass substrate 1 by an arbitrary method and then curing the coating material. be able to.

The fine irregularities on the surface of the anti-glare film 60 can be formed by using, for example, an emboss roller. The coating material of the raw material of the anti-glare film 60 is much softer than the glass substrate 1 before curing, so that the forming process of the uneven surface can be easily performed without damaging other parts of the solar cell module. . The fine uneven structure on the surface of the anti-glare film 60 is not limited to the emboss roller, and may be formed by using emboss film transfer, sand blast, or the like.

As described above, by forming the anti-glare film on the portion where the roof material including the solar cell module is viewed from the periphery, light pollution due to the reflection of sunlight does not occur on any portion of the roof. And the whole roof looks uniform.

It is preferable that each of the above members be subjected to an anti-glare treatment before shipment from the factory. This is for the following reasons. That is, an organic solvent is often used as a diluent in the paint for the antiglare film. For this reason, if the paint for the anti-glare film is sprayed after the roof material including the solar cell module is roofed, environmental problems such as odor and toxicity due to volatilization of the organic solvent occur. In addition, after applying the paint for the anti-glare film, drying is performed at 80 ° C. for about one hour, so that it is difficult to perform the work on the roof. In addition, as a paint for the anti-glare film, it is conceivable to use a water-based paint containing little organic solvent, but it is generally said that the anti-glare film formed from the water-based paint has poor durability. In addition, since water-based paints contain some petroleum-based organic solvents (such as hexane) and hydrophilic organic solvents (such as ethanol and butanol), they are not without environmental problems. For these reasons, the roofing material according to the present invention is preferably subjected to an anti-glare treatment before shipment from the factory.

Next, the material of the antiglare film will be described in more detail. The material of the anti-glare film is required to have sufficient weather resistance, good light transmittance, and to be cured at a temperature that does not deteriorate the solar cell, specifically, 200 ° C. or less, more preferably 150 ° C. or less. Is done. An organic polymer, an inorganic polymer, or a composite material thereof can be used as a material of the antiglare film satisfying such requirements. Among them, organic polymers are preferred because they are flexible and hard to crack, and inorganic polymers are preferred because they have high weather resistance and heat resistance.

In the present invention, when an organic polymer is used as the antiglare film, it is preferable to use an acrylic resin, a fluorine resin, or a mixture containing these.
The content of the acrylic resin, the fluororesin, or a mixture thereof in the organic polymer is set to 50% by weight or more, preferably 80% by weight or more, and more preferably 95% by weight or more.

The acrylic resin is preferably a resin obtained by copolymerizing a vinyl monomer containing an acrylic monomer and a hydrolyzable silyl group-containing monomer. Such an acrylic resin has a main chain substantially composed of a carbon-carbon bond, and contains at least one hydrolyzable silyl group at a terminal or a side chain. The hydrolyzable silyl group is
It is a substituent having a silicon atom bonded to a hydrolyzable group. In addition, the acrylic resin may partially include a urethane bond or a siloxane bond in a main chain or a side chain.

The vinyl monomer is not particularly limited. Specifically, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth)
Acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth)
Acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, trifluoroethyl (meth) acrylate, pentafluoropropyl (meth) acrylate, polycarboxylic acid (maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, etc.) and 1 to 20 carbon atoms Esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids such as diesters or half-esters with linear or branched alcohols of the formula: aromatic hydrocarbons such as styrene, a-methylstyrene, chlorostyrene, styrenesulfonic acid, 4-hydroxystyrene and vinyltoluene Vinyl compounds; vinyl esters and allyl compounds such as vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, and diallyl phthalate; vinyl compounds containing nitrile groups such as (meth) acrylonitrile; vinyl compounds containing epoxy groups such as glycidyl (meth) acrylate; Ruaminoechiru (meth) acrylate, diethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate,
Amino group-containing vinyl compounds such as vinylpyridine and aminoethyl vinyl ether; (meth) acrylamide, itaconic acid diamide, a-ethyl (meth) acrylamide,
Vinyl compounds containing an amide group such as crotonamide, maleic acid diamide, fumaric acid diamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-butoxymethyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-methylacrylamide, acryloylmorpholine; 2-hydroxy Ethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl vinyl ether, N-methylol (meth) acrylamide, Alonix 5700 (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.), Placcel FA-1, Plac
hydroxyl-containing vinyl compounds such as cel FA-4, Placcel FM-1, and Placcel FM-4 (all manufactured by Daicel Chemical Co., Ltd.); (meta)
Acrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid and salts thereof (alkali metal salts, ammonium salts, amine salts, etc.), unsaturated carboxylic acids such as maleic anhydride, acid anhydrides or salts thereof; vinyl methyl ether, Other vinyl compounds such as vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, chloroprene, propylene, butadiene, isoprene, maleimide, N-vinylimidazole, and vinyl sulfonic acid.

Specific examples of the hydrolyzable silyl group-containing monomer include the following alkoxysilane vinyl monomers.

[0041]

Embedded image

The content of the alkoxysilane vinyl monomer unit in the hydrolyzable silyl group-containing acrylic copolymer is set to 5 to 90% by weight, preferably 20 to 80% by weight, more preferably 30 to 70% by weight. Is done.

A method for producing a copolymer of an alkoxysilane vinyl monomer and a vinyl monomer is described in, for example,
4-36395, JP-A-57-36109, JP-A-58-36109
157810 and the like. Solution polymerization using an azo radical initiator such as azobisisobutyronitrile is most preferred. If necessary, the molecular weight may be adjusted using a chain transfer agent. As the chain transfer agent, n
-Dodecyl mercaptan, t-dodecyl mercaptan,
n-butyl mercaptan, γ-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, γ-mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, γ-mercaptopropylmethyldiethoxysilane,
_{(H 3 CO) 3 Si-} S-S-Si (OCH 3) 3, (C
_{H 3 O) 3 Si-S} 8 -Si (OCH 3) 3 and the like. In particular, when a chain transfer agent having a hydrolyzable silyl group in a molecule, for example, γ-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, a hydrolyzable silyl group-containing acrylic copolymer having a hydrolyzable silyl group introduced into a terminal is used. Can be obtained.

Polymerization solvents include hydrocarbons (toluene, xylene, n-hexane, cyclohexane, etc.), acetates (ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, etc.), alcohols (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, etc.), ethers Non-reactive solvents such as compounds (ethyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, cellosolve acetate, etc.) and ketones (methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetoacetate, acetylacetone, diacetone alcohol, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetone, etc.) are not particularly limited.

As a commercially available acrylic copolymer containing a hydrolyzable silyl group, Zemrak (registered trademark) manufactured by Kanegafuchi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. can be mentioned. Zemrak has a molecular structure of (R ₁ ) _3-a (R ₂ ) _a Si- (wherein R ₁ , R ₂ and a are as defined above).

On the other hand, it is preferable to use a hydroxyl group-containing fluorine-based copolymer as the fluorine-based resin. The hydroxyl group-containing fluorine-based copolymer has a hydroxyl value of 5 to 300 mg.
KOH / g, especially 10 to 250 mgKOH / g, is particularly preferred. Hydroxyl group-containing fluorine-based copolymer,
It can be synthesized by copolymerizing (1) a fluorine-containing vinyl monomer, (2) a hydroxyl group-containing vinyl monomer, and (3) another monomer.

As the fluorine-containing vinyl monomer (1)
Is chlorotrifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethyl
Fluoroolefins such as len and trifluoroethylene;
CH _Two= CHCOOCH_TwoCF_Three, CH_Two= C (CH_Three) C
OOCH_TwoCF_Three, CH_Two= CHCOOCH (CF₃)_Two,
CH_Three= C (CH_Three) COOCH (CF_Three)_Two, CH_Two= C
HCOOCH_TwoCF_TwoCF_TwoCF₃, CH_Two= CHCOOC
F_Three, CH_Two= C (CH_Three) COOCH_TwoCF_TwoCF_TwoC
F_Three, CH_Two= C (CH_Three) COOCF_ThreeIncluding (meta)
And fluoroalkyl acrylate.

Examples of the hydroxyl group-containing vinyl monomer (2) include hydroxyalkyl vinyl ethers such as hydroxyethyl vinyl ether, hydroxypropyl vinyl ether, hydroxybutyl vinyl ether, and hydroxyhexyl vinyl ether; 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. Propyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, N-methylol acrylamide, N
-Methylol methacrylamide, Aronix 5700
(Manufactured by Toa Gosei Co., Ltd.), Placcel FA-1, FA-4, FM-
1, and FM-4 (all manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.).

Other monomers of (3) include alkyl vinyl ethers such as ethyl vinyl ether, propyl vinyl ether and butyl vinyl ether; cyclohexyl vinyl ether; carboxyl group-containing monomers such as maleic acid, fumaric acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and carboxylalkyl vinyl ether. Ethylene, propylene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl acetate; unsaturated carboxylic esters such as methyl methacrylate and methyl acrylate; hydrolyzable such as vinyl triethoxysilane and γ- (meth) acryloyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane And silyl group-containing monomers.

Commercially available hydroxyl group-containing fluororesins include:
Lumiflon and Bonflon manufactured by Asahi Glass Coat and Resin Co., Ltd., New Gamet manufactured by Toube Co., Ltd., and V Freon manufactured by Dainippon Paint Co., Ltd. (all are registered trademarks).

Lumiflon has the following basic physical properties.

[0052]

[Table 1]

In the present invention, when an inorganic polymer is used as the antiglare film, an alkyl silicate can be used as the raw material. Alkyl silicates include, for example, ethyl silicate, butyl silicate, or mixtures thereof. The inorganic polymer produced from such a raw material contains silica. When producing such an inorganic polymer, a catalyst, preferably HC
The curing rate may be controlled by coating after adding an acid catalyst such as l.

As raw materials for commercially available inorganic polymers, for example, an inorganic varnish manufactured by TSB, TSB4
200, TSB4300, and TSB4400. TSB4200 is ethyl silicate, TSB440
0 is mainly composed of butyl silicate, and TS
B4300 is a mixture of ethyl silicate and butyl silicate. From these raw materials, a weather-resistant and heat-resistant inorganic polymer can be obtained.

Further, a composite material may be used as the antiglare film. Examples of the composite material include a material in which an organic molecule is added to an inorganic polymer molecular structure, a mixture of an inorganic polymer and an organic polymer, and a material in which an organic polymer is dispersed in an inorganic polymer.

As a commercially available composite material, there may be mentioned a ceramic paint, Bellclean (registered trademark) manufactured by NOF Corporation. Belclean is a mixture of alkyl silicate and a highly durable organic polymer.

The average thickness of the antiglare film is 0.1 to 500 μm.
m, preferably 0.5 to 100 μm, more preferably 1 to 30 μm. The average thickness of the anti-glare film is 0.1
If the thickness is smaller than μm, it becomes difficult to form irregularities suitable for light scattering. If the average thickness of the anti-glare film is larger than 500 μm, the light transmission of the anti-glare film may be reduced, and the light reaching the solar cell 5 may be reduced.

In the present invention, a plurality of light scattering layers may be laminated. For example, the light diffuse reflection effect can be improved by combining a plurality of light diffuse reflection layers made of materials having different refractive indexes. If an inorganic polymer is used as the upper antiglare film, the surface hardness and abrasion resistance can be improved. If an organic polymer is used as the upper antiglare film, cracks and strains on the surface can be absorbed.
Further, as the upper anti-glare film, a fluorine resin having high water repellency or an inorganic polymer having good water dispersibility may be used to prevent contamination.

In the present invention, inorganic particles and / or organic particles may be dispersed in an antiglare film composed of an organic polymer or an inorganic polymer.

As the inorganic particles, those made of silica are used. Specifically, for example, Degussa Japan TS100 made of φ4 μm silica, Degussa Japan Degussa OK-607 made of φ2 μm silica, φ
EG-ST-ZL manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. made of silica sol of 0.07 to 0.1 μm is used.

As the organic particles, those mainly composed of acrylic resin, fluorine resin, polyethylene wax, or a mixture of at least two or more of these are used. Specifically, for example, MBX- made of PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) of φ8 μm
8, SE480-10T manufactured by Kusumoto Kasei consisting of PE (polyethylene) having an average diameter of 15 μm and a maximum diameter of 30 μm is used.

The particle size of the inorganic particles and / or organic particles is 0.05 to 200 μm, more preferably 0.5 to 1 μm.
00 μm, particularly preferably 1 to 10 μm.

The mixing weight ratio between the organic or inorganic polymer and the inorganic or organic particles is preferably adjusted according to the particle size of the inorganic or organic particles. 1 μm particle size
Less than 50-2000, especially 100-1500
Is preferred. The particle size is 1 μm or more, for example, 1 to 1
0 μm, 0.1 to 98, further 1 to 50,
Particularly, 1 to 10 are preferable. If the particle size is small, the light diffuse reflection effect is not sufficiently exhibited, and if the particle size is large, the dispersibility of the particles in the polymer is reduced, which is not preferable.

Further, an antifouling film having a smooth surface may be formed on the uneven surface of the antiglare film. That is, when the anti-glare film has a fine uneven structure surface, dirt easily adheres. However, by flattening the uneven surface with a dirt prevention film, dirt on the surface of the solar cell module can be reduced. it can.

As the material for such an antifouling film, the materials exemplified as the antiglare film can be used. From the viewpoint of the light diffuse reflection effect, it is preferable that the antifouling film and the antiglare film are formed of different materials. However, even if the anti-dirt film and the anti-glare film are formed of the same material, the uneven surface of the anti-glare film once formed forms a clear interface with the anti-dirt film. The diffuse reflection effect is maintained.

When a fluorine-based resin is used as the antifouling film, its surface has good water repellency, so that the adhesion of dust due to rainwater or the like is reduced. When an inorganic polymer containing silica formed from an alkyl silicate is used as an antifouling film, the chemical resistance of the surface of the solar cell is improved, and the hydrophilicity is improved, so that even if there is dirt, the surface is uniformized. Less noticeable.

Although the foregoing has mainly described a thin-film solar cell module, it goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to a crystalline solar cell module.

[0068]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a roofing material including a solar cell module having no problem of light pollution due to reflection of sunlight on the entire roof.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a method for installing a solar cell module according to the present invention on a roof.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a method for installing a solar cell module according to the present invention on a roof.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state where the solar cell module with a frame is mounted on a rail.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the solar cell module with a frame is fixed to a center rail by a fixing bracket.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a state where an edge decorative plate is attached to an end surface of a center rail.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a solar cell module on which an antiglare film is formed.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a center cover on which an antiglare film is formed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Transparent insulating substrate 2 ... Transparent electrode layer 3 ... Semiconductor photoelectric conversion layer 4 ... Back electrode layer 5 ... Solar cell 6 ... Filler 7 ... Back cover film 10 ... Solar cell module 12 ... Frame 20a ... End rail, 20b ... Center rail 30 ... Fixing bracket 31 ... Upper bracket 32 ... Tightening bolt 33 ... Stopper 40a ... End cover, 40b ... Center cover 50 ... Edge decoration plate 60 ... Anti-glare film

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A solar cell module with a frame, a member used for fixing the solar cell module with a frame to a roof surface, a rain breaker, and an anti-glare film formed on part or all of an exposed surface of a decorative plate. A roofing material including a solar cell module, characterized in that: 2. A solar cell module, a module component such as a backing material of the solar cell module, a member used for fixing the solar cell module to a roof surface, a rain breaker, a part of an exposed surface of a decorative plate or A roofing material including a solar cell module, wherein an antiglare film is entirely formed. 3. The roofing material including a solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the anti-glare film contains an organic polymer, an inorganic polymer, or a composite material thereof. 4. The roofing material including a solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the anti-glare film has a surface including fine irregularities suitable for scattering light. 5. The anti-glare film further comprises inorganic particles and / or
A roofing material comprising the solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising organic particles. 6. The roofing material including the solar cell module according to claim 4, further comprising a stain prevention film having a flat surface formed on the uneven surface of the antiglare film. . 7. The organic polymer is an acrylic resin,
The roofing material including the solar cell module according to claim 3, wherein the roofing material includes a fluorine-based resin or a mixture thereof. 8. The acrylic resin has the following molecular structure: (Wherein, R ₁ is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R ₂ is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group and an aralkyl group, a represents 0, 1, or 2.) wherein the fluororesin is a hydroxyl group-containing fluororesin containing a hydrolyzable silyl group-containing acrylic copolymer containing a group represented by the following formula: A roofing material comprising the solar cell module according to claim 7. 9. The roofing material including a solar cell module according to claim 3, wherein the raw material of the inorganic polymer is an alkyl silicate. 10. The roofing material including the solar cell module according to claim 3, wherein the inorganic polymer contains silica. 11. A solar cell module, which is provided with an anti-glare film forming process on a part or all of a solar cell and an exposed portion of a module component such as a frame and / or a backing material, and then assembled into a solar cell module. And a method for manufacturing a roofing material.