JP2001082771A - Environment harmonious cold and warm heat supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an all-year operated environment-harmonious cold and warm heat supply system contributing to suppression of discharge of a carbonic acid gas and operated with a low temperature exhaust heat by efficiently discharging cold and warm heat through a thermal storage tank all year round, performing energy conserving treatment, and using a natural refrigerant corresponding with environmental harmony. SOLUTION: This environment harmonious cold and warm heat supply system comprises a cold and warm heat supply unit 10 having a main heat pump 11 including a compressor 10a, a water heat source 12, an auxiliary air heat exchanger 13, an ice thermal storage tank 14 having an icemaker 14a and a heat exchanger 14b, and a warm heat thermal storage tank 15 as main components, an adsorption type heat pump 25 having an adsorption type thermal storage tank 22 provided to deal with insufficient warm heat and insufficient cold, a water chiller 24 and a condenser 23, and an auxiliary cold and warm heat supply unit 20 having a vacuum recovery compressor 26 and a waste heat source 29.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a compression heat pump using water as a heat source. In the winter, heating operation is performed while storing ice in the winter, and ice is stored so that the formed ice is not melted. In the cooling season, the stored ice is melted to cope with the cooling load without operating the compression heat pump. In addition, the excess heat at the time of heating and the heat of condensation in the summer are used as a regenerative heat source, and the adsorption heat storage tank using a solid adsorbent such as silica gel or zeolite is used. The present invention relates to an environment-friendly cold and hot heat supply system that enables efficient operation of energy in a manner to meet the requirements.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Although energy storage systems using nighttime electric power have been widely used for energy supply for building air conditioning, district cooling and the like, it has been necessary to meet the demand for cooling or heating only during the season. Since it has been beginning and end, the leveling of energy use throughout the year and the efficiency improvement of heat use are not sufficient, and some measures are desired.

[0003] Minimization of energy use by reducing fossil fuels in global to reduce CO ₂ emissions to prevent global warming, it is other to promote the use of natural refrigerant water, ammonia and the like for protecting the ozone layer It is. In addition, means for generating cold and warm heat that can utilize low-temperature waste heat of 100 ° C. or less, which has been rarely used until now, as an annual direct heat source has been studied, and its practical application is desired.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has been made to improve the current situation in which air-conditioning and district heating / cooling of buildings consumes necessary energy for each season while discarding heat energy. The stored heat energy is stored, and the supply of cold and warm heat is processed efficiently and energy-saving throughout the summer and winter, and natural refrigerants that are environmentally friendly are used to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and reduce ozone. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a full-year operation type environmentally-friendly cold and hot heat supply system that can make and operate ice making as a cold heat source and low-temperature water as a heating source that can contribute to layer protection.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an environment-friendly cooling and heating system according to the present invention supplies heating in winter and supplies cooling in summer to provide heating and cooling, air conditioning and snow melting in a region. In the system, a compression type heat pump of a natural refrigerant type, which is operated by an external heat source to simultaneously generate cold and warm heat, a cold / hot heat generating unit including the external heat source, and stores the generated cold and hot heat to cool and heat each load. A heat storage supply unit including a heat storage tank and an ice storage tank that sequentially release the heat storage tank, and an auxiliary cooling / heating heat supply unit corresponding to when the cooling / heating heat supplied from the heat storage supply unit is insufficient for the cooling / heating load. Features.

With the above configuration, the environmentally-friendly cold / hot heat supply system of the present invention operates when the cold / hot heat generating section, the heat storage supply section for storing the generated cold / hot heat, and the cold / hot heat stored in the heat storage supply section are insufficient. And an auxiliary cooling / heating heat supply unit.

The heat pump constituting the cold / hot heat generating section operates, as an external heat source, an external heat source, particularly water having a large amount of heat storage per unit, such as river water, seawater, rainwater, snowmelt water, etc. , A natural refrigerant-type compression heat pump that simultaneously produces cold and warm heat using a refrigerant that does not destroy the atmospheric environment, such as propane, is used. The ice is stored so that the ice is not melted until the next season. Six months later, in the summer cooling season, a systematic configuration is formed in which the stored ice is melted and the cooling load is accommodated without operating the compression heat pump.

For this purpose, the above-mentioned heat storage supply unit is required, and the heat is stored in a heat storage tank via a heat storage material filled with hot water or paraffin for increasing the heat storage amount, and is sequentially discharged to the heating load. I have to do it. Cold heat is stored in an ice storage tank, and is sequentially discharged as cold water to a cooling load via a heat exchanger.

The heat of the first aspect is constituted by hot water formed by the latent heat of condensation of the compressed refrigerant gas in the compression heat pump, and the cold is formed by the secondary heat generated by the latent heat of evaporation of the compressed refrigerant of the heat pump. It is characterized by comprising ice particles and block ice formed through a low-temperature refrigerant containing a refrigerant.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since a heat storage tank and an ice storage tank are provided, equipment elements that balance the load of cooling and heating even when performing hot water and ice making at the same time are special. Need not be provided.

Further, the external heat source of the compression heat pump is mainly heat water such as river water, sea water, rain water, snow melting water and the like, and when the heat source water used for ice storage is insufficient, the atmosphere is used as an auxiliary heat source. Features. According to the third aspect of the present invention, when the heat balance of the compression heat pump cannot be maintained, it is possible to cope with the situation by using outside air for backup.

Further, the auxiliary cold / hot heat supply section according to the first aspect of the present invention makes it possible to cope with the heat of adsorption generated when the adsorption type heat storage tank after the regeneration and desorption is set to the adsorption operation condition for replenishment of insufficient heat and to supply the insufficient cold heat. It is characterized by comprising an adsorption type heat pump comprising an adsorption type heat storage tank, a condenser and an evaporator, wherein the evaporator is operated as a cold water generator.

The invention according to claim 4 is the same as that shown in FIG.
(B) Adsorption type heat storage tank 22, condenser 23, and evaporator 2
The adsorption type heat storage tank 22 uses an adsorbent 22a having no environmental load, such as silica gel or zeolite, in contact with the heat transfer surface of the heat exchanger 22b, and alternately. It is sealed in an adsorption heat storage tank 22 which is a vacuum container in such a manner as to be arranged to have a required capacity. As the refrigerant, water, alcohol, or the like is used. When these vapors are adsorbed by the adsorbent 22a, desorption is performed by passing hot water through a heat exchanger and heating and drying as shown in FIG. . Conversely, when the vapor is adsorbed by the adsorbent, the cooling water 22c is passed through the heat exchanger to remove the heat of adsorption as shown in FIG.

The steam can be taken in and out by providing the evaporator 24 and the condenser 23 to generate the cold water 24a as shown in FIG. By keeping the inflow of 22c low, it is possible to raise the temperature of the heat of adsorption to operate and recover as hot water. Unlike the case of storing heat as sensible heat of temperature, the adsorption type heat storage tank has no temperature loss, and it is possible to maintain the state for a long time by maintaining the vacuum with the refrigerant vapor desorbed, By operating when necessary, it is possible to generate cold and warm heat.

That is, according to the above invention, at the time of the peak heating load or when the capacity is insufficient, an adsorption heat pump comprising an adsorption heat storage tank, a condenser and an evaporator is used, and the adsorbent in the adsorption heat storage tank is regenerated by the compression type heat pump. The process is performed using hot water of about 50 ° C. formed by the heat of condensation of the heat pump, and the heat of adsorption is generated while adsorbing the refrigerant vapor to the adsorbent in the desorbed state, and is used for backup of the heat. If there is a waste heat source such as a garbage incineration plant in the vicinity, use this heat as a heating source for regeneration, use the melting water in the ice storage tank as the heat source water, and operate it as an adsorption heat pump to back up insufficient heat. May be used.

During cooling in summer, the ice in the ice storage tank is taken out and connected to the secondary chilled water system by a plate heat exchanger so as to cope with the cooling load. The heat pump is operated for freezing and the evaporator is used as a chilled water generator and used as a backup for cooling. In this case, water at 15 ° C. or higher after the ice is melted can be used as adsorption-type cooling water.

When the total cooling load capacity during the season cannot be satisfied due to the size of the ice storage tank, the operation of the compression heat pump is continued in the cold water or ice making mode. In this case, the hot water from the condenser of the heat pump is stored in a heat storage tank and used for the next heating season six months later.

Further, the adsorption-type heat storage tank according to claim 4 includes:
It is characterized in that a vacuum recovery compressor is attached to cope with shortage of heating heat during rapid regeneration. Claim 5
According to the described invention, a vacuum pump is provided in the adsorption type heat storage tank,
When the heating temperature at the time of desorption of the adsorbent is insufficient, the refrigerant vapor is temporarily sucked by a vacuum compressor to lower the degree of vacuum to promote desorption. In addition, the discharged steam at this time is recovered through a heat exchanger, and a configuration is made to cope with replenishment of insufficient temperature.

Further, the hot water formed by the condensation heat of the compression heat pump is used as the hot water for desorption of the adsorption heat storage tank according to the fourth aspect, and the hot water formed by a local waste heat source is used. It is characterized by the following. When waste heat from a garbage incineration plant or the like is obtained by the invention according to claim 6, the waste heat is used for regenerating an adsorption-type heat storage tank or heat is directly stored in a heat storage tank as a heat source.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. However, unless otherwise specified, the shapes and other relative arrangements of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely illustrative examples. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an environment-friendly cooling / heating heat supply system of the present invention.

The environment-friendly cooling and heating system of the present invention comprises:
All seasons of operation are mainly performed by a main heat pump consisting of a compression heat pump that enables simultaneous supply of cold and warm heat by using various types of water such as river water, seawater, rainwater, snowmelt water, etc. as water with a large amount of heat storage per unit. By storing the cold heat, it is possible to successively release the heat during the summer or winter during the current year or the following year, and to cope with a shortage of the cold heat.

As shown in FIG. 1, the cold / hot heat generating section 10
A main heat pump 11, a heat source water 12 composed of river water, seawater, rainwater, snowmelt water or the like forming a water heat source of the heat pump 11, and an auxiliary air forming an auxiliary heat source which can be taken in through an air heat exchanger The heat exchanger 13 includes an ice storage tank 14 including an ice maker 14a and a plate heat exchanger 14b, and a hot heat storage tank 15. The auxiliary cooling / heating heat supply unit 20 includes an adsorption-type heat storage tank 22 and a condenser. An adsorption heat pump 25 comprising a water heater 23 and a water cooler (evaporator) 24; a vacuum recovery compressor 26 which is activated when the amount of heating heat is insufficient during regeneration of the adsorption heat storage tank; And a waste heat source 29 for hot spring water.

The general configuration of the main heat pump 11 is as follows. That is, using a natural refrigerant that does not destroy the atmospheric environment such as ammonia, propane, and CO ₂ other than water,
After the natural refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 10a, the heat source water 12
Is pumped up, condensed by a water heater (condenser) 11a, and then evaporated by a cooler to form a refrigerant vapor at -10 ° C to 5 ° C. The refrigerant vapor is introduced into the ice maker 14a through the expansion valve 11b, and freezes the river water, seawater, rainwater, snowmelt water, and the like. In the summer season, sequential discharge is enabled via the plate heat exchanger 14b to meet the demand of the cooling load 27.

The refrigerant vapor may be used in an indirect system having a secondary brine in addition to the direct system. As described above, the external heat source of the main heat pump mainly includes heat source water such as river water, seawater, rainwater, and snow melting water. However, if the heat source water used for ice storage is insufficient, the auxiliary air heat exchanger 13 is used.
The atmosphere is used as an auxiliary heat source via the expansion valve 13a.

The heat and cold heat stored in the heat storage tank 15 and the ice storage tank 14 is stored throughout the winter season, and the heat is sequentially released to the heat load 28 via the heat storage tank 15. Is stored so as not to be melted as ice, and is successively released as cooling water to the cooling load 27 via the plate heat exchanger 14b in the summer cooling season six months later, thereby satisfying the conflicting heat demands. ,
The overall efficiency has been dramatically increased.

Since the heat storage tank and the ice storage tank are provided as described above, it is not necessary to provide a special facility element for balancing the load of cooling and heating even when hot water and ice making are performed simultaneously. Does not occur. The plate heat exchanger 14b is used to prevent direct clogging of the pipes with ice and to avoid the influence of dirt when ice is made with river water or the like. If the total cooling load capacity during the season cannot be satisfied due to the size of the ice storage tank 14, the main heat pump continues to operate in the cold water or ice making mode. In that case, the hot water from the condenser
Alternatively, it is stored in the adsorption-type heat storage tank 22 and used for the next heating seeds six months later.

The auxiliary cooling / heating heat supply unit 20 includes an adsorption heat pump 25 including an adsorption heat storage tank 22, a condenser 23 and a water cooler (evaporator) 24, a vacuum recovery compressor 26,
And a waste heat source 29 (when there is a waste heat source such as a garbage incineration plant nearby). When the temperature of the thermal storage tank is insufficient for the heating load 26 in winter, heat source water (such as residual water in the ice storage tank 14) is passed through the adsorption type thermal storage tank 22, and refrigerant vapor is supplied to the built-in desorbed adsorbent. Adsorption is performed, and the generated heat of adsorption is used to cope with insufficient heat. In addition, if the said heat source water has a surplus cooling capacity, it can also be used.

If the heating heat for regeneration is insufficient during the quick desorption of the adsorbent, the vacuum recovery compressor 26 is operated to degas. Then, the compression waste heat at the time of compression is recovered to the heating source side via the heat exchanger 26a.

If the cold heat is insufficient in the summer, the adsorbent which has been desorbed in the adsorption heat storage tank 22 is made to adsorb the vapor from the water cooler (evaporator) 24, and the adsorption heat pump is operated in freezing operation. The cooling water is used in the cooling mode to remove the latent heat of vaporization by the water cooler 24, and the cold water formed is used to replenish the insufficient cooling heat. That is, when the temperature of the ice slurry in the ice storage tank 14 is completely melted and the temperature of the ice storage tank 14 rises to a level at which cooling cannot be performed, the molten water is introduced into the adsorption type heat storage tank 22 and used as cooling water. Vapor generated under the lower part of the refrigerant is promoted to evaporate, and the generated vapor is adsorbed by the adsorbent of the adsorption type heat storage tank 22, and the chilled water is released by the water cooler by the latent heat of the evaporation to cope with the insufficient cold heat.

[0030]

The environmentally-friendly cooling and heating system of the present invention is capable of supplying cooling and heating efficiently through a year-round system operation through a heat pump, a year-round operation and a heat storage tank through a heat pump. Can be dramatically increased. In addition, it is possible to enhance the energy use efficiency and to protect the environment by reducing the emission of carbon dioxide gas.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an environment-friendly cooling / heating heat supply system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a state of adsorption and desorption of an adsorption heat pump.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Cold-heat supply part 11 Main heat pump 10a Compressor 11a Water heater (condenser) 12 Water heat source 13 Auxiliary air heat exchanger 14 Ice storage tank 14a Ice maker 14b Plate heat exchanger 15 Heat storage tank 20 Auxiliary cooling-heat supply part 22 Adsorption type heat storage tank 23 Condenser 24 Water cooler (evaporator) 25 Adsorption type heat pump 26 Vacuum recovery compressor 27 Cold load 28 Heat load

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Hiroshi Sato 2-13-1, Botan, Koto-ku, Tokyo F-term in Maekawa Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (Reference) 3L071 CC02 CE06 CF02 CF12 CJ04 3L093 NN04 PP06 PP11 PP18

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A heating / cooling heat supply system for supplying heat in winter and supplying heat in summer to heat and cool, air-condition, and melt snow in a region. The system is operated by an external heat source to simultaneously generate cold and warm heat. A heat storage supply unit including a natural refrigerant type compression heat pump, a cold / hot heat generation unit including the external heat source, a hot / heat storage tank and an ice storage tank for storing the generated cold heat and hot heat and sequentially releasing the heat to the cooling / heating load, respectively. And an auxiliary cooling / heating heat supply unit that responds when the cooling / heating heat supplied from the heat storage supply unit is insufficient for the cooling / heating load. 2. The hot heat comprises hot water formed by the latent heat of condensation of a compressed refrigerant gas in the compression heat pump, and the cold heat passes through a low-temperature refrigerant formed by the latent heat of evaporation of the compressed refrigerant of the compression heat pump. 2. The environment-friendly cooling / heating heat supply system according to claim 1, wherein the system is constituted by formed ice particles or block ice. 3. An external heat source of the compression heat pump,
2. The environmentally-friendly cooling and heating system according to claim 1, wherein the heat source water mainly comprises river water, seawater, rainwater, snowmelt water, etc., and the air is used as an auxiliary heat source when the heat source water used for ice storage is insufficient. . 4. The auxiliary cooling / heating heat supply section includes silica gel,
Using an adsorbent such as zeolite, the adsorption heat generated during desorption of the adsorbent adsorbed in the freezing operation of the adsorption heat pump is treated as a replenishment of insufficient heat, and a cold water generator is used as an evaporator for insufficient cold heat. 2. An adsorption heat pump comprising an adsorption heat storage tank, a condenser and an evaporator, wherein said adsorption heat pump is operated.
An environmentally friendly cooling and heating system as described. 5. The environment-friendly cooling and heating heat supply system according to claim 4, wherein a vacuum recovery compressor is attached to said adsorption type heat storage tank to cope with a shortage of heating heat during regeneration. 6. A configuration in which hot water formed from the heat of condensation of the compression heat pump is used as hot water for desorption of the adsorption heat storage tank, and hot water formed from a waste heat source in the area is used. The environment-friendly cold and hot heat supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that: