JP2001040982A - Structure and method for starting shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide techniques for effectively achieving a reduction in the cross section of a shield starting vertical shaft at reduced cost. SOLUTION: Rods 22 are provided around a shield machine 7 placed within a vertical shaft 1, in such a way that the rods 22 are parallel to the starting direction (A direction) of the shield machine 7 and fixed at each end to the interior wall 1a of the vertical shaft 1. A reaction plate 23 is placed behind the shield machine 7 perpendicular to the A direction and can be fixed in a certain position of the rods 22 along the A direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a starting structure of a shield excavator provided in a shaft for starting a shield excavator from a shield shaft, and a start of the shield excavator for starting the shield excavator from the shaft. Method and.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, when constructing a tunnel underground with a shield excavator, a shaft is first constructed, and the shield excavator is started from the shaft toward the ground. Starting from the shaft of a shielded excavator, specifically,
For example, the process is performed according to the procedure shown in FIGS. That is, first, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12,
A gantry 3 is provided on a bottom surface 2 in a shaft 1 and a shaft 1
A supporting wall 5 is installed behind the installation target position 4 of the shield excavator inside, and a wellhead concrete 6 is installed in front of the installation target position 4. In this case, the supporting wall 5 and the wall surface 5a on the center side of the shaft 1 are in the starting direction of the shield excavator (A in the figure).
Direction), and the wellhead concrete 6 has a shape protruding cylindrically from the inner wall 1a of the shaft 1 toward the center of the shaft 1 in a direction opposite to the direction A. Also, the diameter of the inner peripheral wall 6a of the wellhead concrete 6 is formed so as to be slightly larger than the diameter of the shield excavator arranged at the installation target position 4, whereby the inner peripheral wall 6a of the wellhead concrete 6 is formed.
So that the shield excavator can pass through the inside.

[0003] After the installation of the bearing wall 5 and the wellhead concrete 6 is completed, the front trunk portion 7a of the shield excavator 7 used for excavating the ground is disposed at the installation position 4. .

Subsequently, a reaction force is obtained from the bearing wall 5 by using a shield jack (not shown) to move the front trunk portion 7a of the shield excavator 7 forward, and to move the front excavator 7 against the wall 1b of the shaft 1. An opening 8 is formed as shown in FIGS. At this time, the front trunk 7a moves forward by a certain distance,
When the stroke of the shield jack reaches the limit, a temporary support 1 is provided in front of the support wall 5 and adjacent to the support wall 5.
0 is provided to obtain a reaction force from the temporary support 10. In addition, the front body 7a moves forward with the front body 7a.
There is a space behind the shield excavator 7
b, which is integrated with the front body 7a.

When the opening 8 is formed in the shaft 1 by the shield excavator 7, the opening 8 and the shield
The packing rubber 12 and the flaps as shown in FIG. An entrance packing 14 comprising 13 is provided. When the shield excavator 7 passes inside the inner peripheral wall 6a of the wellhead concrete 6, the entrance packing 14 is deformed as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. This serves to prevent soil and sand and groundwater from entering the shaft 1.

In the above-described procedure relating to the start of the shield excavator 7, the reaction force for propelling the shield excavator 7 can be uniformly obtained from the shaft 1 because the vertical shape of the shaft 1 is circular. As shown in FIG.
And the wall surface 5a is formed as a plane orthogonal to the A direction. Further, since the cutter head (excavation surface) 7c of the shield excavator 7 has a substantially planar shape, whereas the inner wall 1a of the shaft 1 is not planar, the wall of the shaft 1 is simply cut by the shield excavator 7 at the time of starting. When the excavation is performed, a gap is formed between the inner wall surface of the shaft 1 and the excavation surface 7c of the shield excavator 7, and soil and the like flow from the gap. 6 are provided to minimize the area of the resulting gap.

[0007]

By the way, in recent years, the construction of shield tunnels having a large cross section and a large depth has been increasing in accordance with an increasing demand for urban infrastructure such as sewerage. In general, the size of the shaft section is determined in consideration of loading and assembling of a shield excavator, loading and unloading of materials, discharge of excavated earth and sand, and entry and exit of workers. However, especially in urban areas, it is becoming difficult to secure land for shafts corresponding to large-scale shields, which is one of the causes of delay in ordering. On the other hand, the demand for reduction of construction costs has been increasing in recent years, and it has become difficult to adopt a shaft downsizing technology which is more expensive than in the past.

Therefore, in the present invention, in the above-described procedure for starting the shield excavator, the space necessary for installing the bearing wall, the temporary support, the concrete at the wellhead, and the like are limited by the area within the shaft. Focusing on the fact that they occupy a considerable proportion, and by omitting them, it was an object to develop a technique for effectively and inexpensively reducing the cross section of the shield start shaft.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means. That is,
The starting structure of a shield excavator according to claim 1, wherein the starting structure is used to start the shield excavator from a shaft formed in the ground, and the surroundings of the shield excavator arranged in the shaft are provided. A plurality of long members are attached in parallel with the starting direction of the shield excavator, and both ends thereof are fixed to the inner wall of the shaft, and a reaction force plate is provided behind the shield excavator. The reaction plate is disposed so as to be orthogonal to the starting direction, and the reaction plate is configured to be fixed at an arbitrary position in the starting direction on the long member.

With this configuration, in the starting structure of the shield excavator, the reaction force required for starting the shield excavator can be uniformly obtained from the reaction force plate. In addition, when the shield excavator is advanced, the reaction force plate can be moved forward along the long member, so that it is possible to secure the reaction force without installing temporary supports. Become.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the starting structure of the shield excavator is the starting structure of the shield excavator according to the first aspect, wherein the reaction plate has an insertion hole through which the long member is inserted. A positioning device is provided which is capable of grasping and opening the elongated member inserted through the insertion hole, and the reaction force plate guides the elongated member inserted through the insertion hole when the positioning device is opened. It is characterized in that it is configured to be movable in a direction parallel to the starting direction.

With this configuration, in the starting structure of the shield excavator, the reaction plate member can be easily moved and fixed along the long member.

The starting structure of the shield excavator according to claim 3 is the starting structure of the shield excavator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reaction plate can be divided into a plurality of reaction plate structures. It is characterized by having a configuration.

As described above, since the reaction force plate can be divided into a plurality of reaction force plate structures, the reaction force is obtained from one reaction force plate structure to maintain the position of the shield excavator. While
The rearrangement of other reaction plate components can be performed.

The starting structure of a shield excavator according to claim 4, which is a starting structure used for starting a shield excavator from a shaft formed in the ground, wherein the shield excavator is disposed in the shaft. Around the outer surface of the machine,
A packing holding jig formed of a deformable material is provided, and in forming an opening for passing the shield excavator in the shaft when the shield excavator starts, the opening and the outer periphery of the shield excavator are formed. An entrance packing used to close a gap between the packing excavator and the packing excavator is arranged so as to surround an outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator in a state where its position is retained by the packing retaining jig. At the rear in the starting direction, a packing holding jig is provided so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator, and the packing holding jig has at least the opening portion at which the end face on the starting direction side is to be formed. The packing holding jig and the packing holding jig are formed so as to form the same three-dimensional shape as the three-dimensional shape formed by the contour of Is within said pit, the elongated member which is parallel to the mounting and starting direction of the shield excavator is characterized by being movably supported in said starting direction parallel to the direction.

Due to such a configuration, in the starting structure of the shield excavator, the entrance packing can be used after being deformed into a shape conforming to the inner wall of the shaft by a packing holding jig.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a starting method for starting a shield excavator from a shaft formed in the ground, wherein the shield excavator is disposed in the shaft. Behind the shield excavator,
While the reaction force plate is disposed so as to be orthogonal to the traveling direction of the shield excavator, an elongate member is disposed around a position to be disposed of the shield excavator in parallel with the traveling direction, and the elongate member is disposed. The shield excavator is propelled from the reaction plate when starting the shield excavator when the shield plate is fixed to the long member. It is characterized by obtaining the necessary reaction force.

[0018] With this configuration, in the method for starting the shield excavator, the reaction force required for starting can be obtained without installing the bearing wall.

A method for starting a shield excavator according to claim 6 is the method for starting a shield excavator according to claim 5, wherein the reaction plate includes a plurality of reaction plate members in the same plane. When the excavation surface of the shield excavator reaches the ground, a reaction force required for propulsion of the shield excavator from at least one of the reaction force components is used. While the other reaction force plate structure is rearranged forward in the traveling direction, and further, while obtaining the reaction force required for the propulsion from the other reaction force plate structure rearranged forward, Sequentially rearranging the two reaction plate structures forward, thereby successively rearranging the reaction plate forward while excavating the ground with a shield excavator, Forward movement of the body in the shaft When it reaches the field, by obtaining a reaction force from at least one of the reaction plate members, the other reaction plate members can be moved while maintaining the position of the shield excavator. A temporary assembly segment that constitutes a shield tunnel to be formed is provided in a space created between the other reaction plate structure and the shield excavator by moving backward along the member, and the temporary assembly segment is provided. Supported from the rear by the other reaction plate structure, and thereafter, while obtaining the reaction force from the other reaction plate structure through the temporary assembly segment and holding the position of the shield excavator, At least one reaction plate structure is moved rearward along the elongated member, and the temporary assembly segment is inserted into a space created between the at least one reaction plate structure and the shield excavator. Is provided.

As described above, by using a reaction force plate that can be divided into a plurality of reaction force plate components, the shield excavator can be advanced without installation of temporary supports or the like. . In addition, by using a dividable reaction plate, it is possible to start assembling a temporary assembly segment for each part, and it is not necessary to start assembling the temporary assembly segment while supporting the entire rear surface of the shield excavator. . Therefore, it is possible to start assembling segments using the space in which the temporary shoring is conventionally installed.

A method for starting a shield excavator according to claim 7 is the method for starting a shield excavator according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the shield excavator is capable of excavating a ground. And installed behind the front torso,
The front body of the shield excavator is placed in advance in the shaft, and the front body is moved away from the reaction plate by using a separable body that can be shielded from the rear body. By moving the shield excavator forward in the start direction of the shield excavator by obtaining the force, the wall of the shaft is excavated by the front body, and the excavation surface of the front body is grounded outside the shaft. Immediately before reaching the mountain, excavation of the front body is stopped, and the reaction plate is moved rearward in the starting direction, and the rear plate is moved into a space located between the reaction plate and the front body. A torso is disposed and connected to the front torso, and thereafter, excavation of the ground by the front torso is started.

With such a configuration, at the time of split start,
After excavating the shaft wall at the front of the shield excavator,
The rear trunk can be connected to the front trunk, maximizing space in the shaft. Further, at this time, it is not necessary to add a temporary support for moving the front body in the shaft, and to remove the rear body again in order to put the body in the shaft.

The starting method of the shield excavator according to claim 8 is a starting method for starting the shield excavator from a shaft formed in the ground, wherein the shield excavator is started from inside the shaft. On the outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator, an entrance packing for closing an opening formed by the shield excavator excavating the wall surface of the shaft with the start and the outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator is provided. Along with the packing packing, a packing holding jig in which the end face on the starting direction side has the same three-dimensional shape as the contour of the opening to be formed is provided behind the entrance packing, At the time of starting, the entrance packing is pressed against the inner wall of the shaft by the packing holding jig, so that the opening portion and the front of the opening are closed. It is characterized by performing the waterproofing between the outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator.

With this configuration, in the method for starting the shield excavator, the shape of the entrance packing is changed to the same shape as the inner wall of the shaft by the packing holding jig, so that the opening and the shield excavator are connected to each other. Water can be stopped well.

A method for starting a shield excavator according to a ninth aspect is the method for starting a shield excavator according to the eighth aspect, wherein the shield excavator is disposed around a position where the shield excavator is to be arranged in the shaft. Along with the elongate member arranged in parallel with the traveling direction of the above, the entrance packing and the packing holding jig are attached to the elongate member so as to be movable along the elongate member. At the time of the start, the entrance packing and the packing holding jig are made to abut on the inner wall of the shaft by sliding along the long member.

With this configuration, in the starting method of the shield excavator, the entrance packing and the packing holding jig can be easily arranged at predetermined positions.

[0027]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, the same components as those of the above-described conventional technology are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are diagrams schematically showing one embodiment of the present invention, and show a configuration of a starting structure 21 of a shield excavator 7 formed in a shaft 1. FIG. As shown in the figure, the starting structure 21 includes rods (long members) 22,... Provided around the shield excavator 7, a reaction force plate 23 provided behind the shield excavator 7, and a rod. , And is roughly constituted by an entrance packing 24, a packing holding jig 25, and a packing holding jig 26 arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator 7.

The rods 22,... Are arranged parallel to the starting direction (A direction) of the shield excavator 7, and both ends thereof are
Is fixed to the inner wall 1a. In addition, these rods 2
Are arranged at intervals below and on both sides of the shield excavator 7 as shown in FIG. 2, but above the shield excavator 7, material inlets for the shield excavator 7 are provided. In order to ensure the above, the configuration is not arranged.

The reaction force plate 23 is disposed in a direction orthogonal to the direction A. As shown in the drawing, the substantially rectangular upper reaction force plate structure 28 and the substantially semi-circular ring are formed in the same plane. It is divided into a lower reaction plate constituting body 29 having a shape. These upper and lower reaction plate structures 28 and 29
Are provided with positioning devices 30,. The positioning device 30 has an insertion hole 3 through which the rod 22 is inserted.
, And can grip and open the rod 22 inserted through the insertion hole 31. Therefore, the upper and lower reaction plate structures 28 and 29
When the positioning devices 30,... Are opened, the insertion holes 31,
Are movable in a direction parallel to the direction A by using the rods 22 inserted through the guides as guides.
By holding the rod 22 with 0,..., The rod 22 can be fixed at an arbitrary position in the A direction with respect to the rod 22.

The packing holding jig 26 is provided so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator 7, and the three-dimensional shape of the end surface 26 a on the A direction side of the inner wall 1 a of the shaft 1 It is formed so as to have the same three-dimensional shape as a part located in front. The packing holding jig 26 and the packing holding jig 25
It is configured to be movable in the A direction using the rod 22 as a guide.

FIG. 3 is a view showing the shapes of the entrance packing 24 and the packing holding jig 25. The packing holding jig 25 is formed in an annular shape from a deformable material (for example, a metal plate, a composite material of a metal plate and rubber, or the like), and is arranged so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator 7. I have. Further, fixing bolts 32,... Are provided on the packing holding jig 25 so as to protrude in the A direction.

The entrance packing 24 is fixed to the end face 25a of the packing holding jig 25 in the direction A so that its position is held. The entrance packing 24 is also formed in an annular shape like the packing holding jig 25, and is arranged so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator 7.

Next, a method of starting the shield excavator 7 using the starting structure 21 having the above-described configuration will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 1, the starting structure 21 and the shield excavator 7 are arranged in the shaft 1. To this end, first, the lower reaction plate constituting member 29 is disposed in the shaft 1 with the rods 22,... Inserted therein, and both ends of the rod 22 are fixed to the inner wall 1a of the shaft 1, and further, the lower reaction plate Component 2
9 is moved rearward in the direction A of the installation target position of the shield excavator 7. Then, the front body 7a of the shield excavator 7 is disposed in the shaft 1 with the entrance packing 24, the packing holding jig 25, and the packing holding jig 26 attached to the outer peripheral surface. The reaction plate structure 28 is arranged with the rods 22,. Are fixed to the inner wall 1a of the shaft 1, and a packing holding jig 25 and a packing pressing jig 26 are fixed to the rods 22,.
Is mounted so as to be movable in the A direction. At this time, the upper reaction plate structure 28 is arranged at the same position as the lower reaction plate structure 29 behind the shield excavator 7. Further, shield jacks 33,... Are arranged between the upper and lower reaction force plate components 28 and 29 and the rear end of the front trunk portion 7a of the shield excavator 7. The spreaders 35 of the shield jacks 33 are fixed to the upper and lower reaction plate components 28 and 29 by bolts.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 4, the front body 7a of the shield excavator 7 is advanced in the shaft 1. This includes positioning devices 30,.
, The position of the reaction force plate 23 is fixed, and the shield jacks 33,.
To propell the front body 7a forward. When the stroke length of the shield jacks 33,... Reaches the limit as the shield excavator 7 advances, the positioning device 3
0,... Are in the open state, the reaction force plate 23 is moved forward,
After that, the rods 2 are again moved by the positioning devices 30,.
The position of the reaction force plate 23 is fixed by grasping the reaction force plates 2, so that the reaction force can be removed from the reaction force plate 23 using the shield jack 33.

On the other hand, immediately before the cutter head (excavation surface) 7c of the shield excavator 7 contacts the inner wall 1a of the shaft 1, the packing holding jig 25 and the packing holding jig 26 are connected to the rods 22,. It is moved in the direction A as a guide and pressed against the inner wall 1a of the shaft 1. At this time, the end face 26a of the packing holding jig 26 is
The packing holding jig 25 and the entrance packing 24 are deformed into the same shape as the inner wall 1a of the shaft 1, and fit to the inner wall 1a. In this state, the packing holding jig 25 is fixed to the inner wall 1a by driving the fixing bolt 32 of the packing holding jig 25 into the inner wall 1a of the shaft 1 as shown in FIG.
4 prevents water from flowing between the packing holding jig 25 and the inner wall 1a and the outer peripheral surface 7d of the shield excavator 7.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, when the cutter head 7c of the shield excavator 7 comes into contact with the inner wall 1a of the shaft 1, while obtaining the reaction force from the reaction force plate 23, the front body of the shield excavator 7 The section 7a is advanced, and the wall of the shaft 1 is excavated by the cutter head 7c. Immediately before the cutter head 7c reaches the ground G, the excavation by the cutter head 7c is temporarily stopped, and the reaction plate 2 is stopped.
Retreat 3 Then, between the spreader 35 of the shield jack 33 and the reaction force plate 23, the spacing members 36,.
And while maintaining the position of the front body 7a, the front body 7
The rear trunk portion 7b is carried into the space formed behind “a”, assembled, and integrated with the front trunk portion 7a. further,
By further propelling the shield excavator 7, the wall 1 of the shaft 1
b is excavated to form an opening 8, and the cutter head 7c of the shield excavator 7 reaches the ground G.

When the cutter head 7c of the shield excavator 7 reaches the ground G, an earth pressure
Since the water pressure acts, if the pressing force by the shield jack 33 is released when the reaction force plate 23 is replaced, the shield excavator 7 retreats. Therefore, in this case, in order to rearrange the reaction force plate 23, the position of the shield excavator 7 is held by one of the upper reaction force plate structure and the lower reaction force plate structure 28, 29 while maintaining the position. By changing the other, the upper and lower reaction plate components 28 and 29 are alternately advanced.

Thereafter, as the shield excavator 7 advances,
As shown in FIG. 7, when the stroke length of the shield jack 33 reaches the limit, as shown in FIG. 8, the reaction force for maintaining the position of the shield excavator 7 from the upper reaction force plate structure 28 is reduced. While the positioning device 30,... Of the lower reaction plate structure 29 is opened, the spacing members 36 are removed, and the lower reaction plate structure 29 is moved rearward. Then, the lower reaction plate structure 29 and the shield excavator 7
(Temporary group segment) 38, ...
To form a portion corresponding to the lower half of the shield tunnel, as shown in FIG. And segment 3
When the assembly of 8,... Is completed, the lower reaction plate constituting body 29 is
By causing the positioning device 30 to grip the rods 22,..., The rods 22,... Are fixed again, and the rear ends of the assembled segments 38,. The positioning devices 30,... Of the upper reaction plate structure 28 are opened by the lower reaction plate structure 29 via the segments 38,... And the shield jack 33 while holding the position of the shield excavator 7. Then, the space holding member 36 is removed, and the upper reaction plate structure 28 is moved rearward. Then, segments 38,... Are assembled between the lower reaction plate constituting member 28 and the rear end of the shield excavator 7 to form a portion corresponding to the upper half of the shield tunnel.

When a shield tunnel of a fixed length is completed using the segments 38,... In this manner, the shield excavator 7 is propelled while the rear end of the shield tunnel is held by the reaction force plate 23. Further construction of the shield tunnel will be continued. At this time, the reaction force required for propulsion of the shield excavator 7 is taken from the assembled segments 38,... In the same manner as in the construction of a normal shield tunnel. Until a certain length is reached, the rear ends of the segments 38,. And segment 3
At the stage in which the reaction force can be taken from the ground G by friction, the rods 22, ... and the reaction force plate 23 are removed from the shaft 1 inside.
To remove.

In the starting structure 21 described above, a plurality of rods 22 are provided around the shield excavator 7 in the shaft 1.
Is parallel to the starting direction (A direction) of the shield excavator 7,
In addition, both ends thereof are fixed to the inner wall 1a of the shaft 1, and a reaction force plate 2 is provided behind the shield excavator 7.
3 are arranged so as to be orthogonal to the direction A, and can be fixed to any position in the direction A of the rods 22,. For this reason, in the starting structure 21, the reaction force required for starting the shield excavator 7 can be uniformly obtained from the reaction force plate 23. Thereby, the cross-sectional area of the shaft 1 can be reduced. Furthermore, the starting structure 21
In this case, when the shield excavator 7 is advanced, the reaction force plate 23 can be advanced along the rods 22,. In this case, there is no need to install temporary supports, and the cross-sectional area of the shaft 1 can be further reduced.

Further, in the above-described starting structure 21,
The upper and lower reaction plate components 28, 29 are provided with positioning devices 30,... When the positioning devices 30,... Are opened, the rods 22,. , The upper and lower reaction plate members 28, 29 can be easily moved and fixed along the rods 22, with a simple configuration.

In the above-described starting structure 21, the reaction plate 23 can be divided into the upper and lower reaction plate components 28 and 29 in the same plane. While the reaction force is obtained from the plate structure and the position of the shield excavator 7 is maintained, the rearrangement of another reaction plate structure is performed or the reaction to the portion corresponding to the other reaction plate structure is performed. The segments 38,... Can be installed, and unlike the related art, there is no need to add or remove temporary supports, and the workability is good. In this case, since the reaction plate 23 is vertically divided into upper and lower reaction plate members 28 and 29, the lower reaction plate member 29 and the rods 22 that support it are connected. First, it is placed in the shaft 1, and then
By taking the procedure of disposing the shield excavator 7 in the shaft 1 and then disposing the upper reaction plate structure 29 and the rods 22 supporting the same in the shaft 1, in the narrow shaft 1, The rods 22,... And the reaction force plate 23 can be disposed so as to satisfactorily surround the shield excavator 7, thereby facilitating construction.

In the above-described starting structure 21, the packing holding jig 25 made of a deformable material is used.
Is provided so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator 7, and the packing holding jig 25 holds the entrance packing 24, and further, a packing holding jig 26 is disposed behind the entrance packing 24. The packing holding jig 26 has an end surface 26a,
When the packing holding jig 25 is pressed by the packing holding jig 26, the packing holding jig 25 and the entrance packing 24 have the same contour shape as the opening 8 formed in the shaft 1 at the time of starting. Can be deformed so as to have the same shape as the contour of the opening 8, so that the gap with the outer peripheral surface 7d of the shield excavator 7 can be satisfactorily closed. In this case, unlike the related art, there is no need to cast concrete at the entrance to provide the entrance packing, and the cross-sectional area of the shaft 1 can be reduced. Further, since the packing holding jig 26 and the packing holding jig 25 are movably supported by the rods 22 in a direction parallel to the direction A, these can be easily attached to the inner wall 1a of the shaft 1. Can be attached,
Excellent workability.

Further, the above-described method of starting the shield excavator 7 includes disposing the shield excavator 7 in the shaft 1,
At the rear of the shield excavator 7, the reaction force plate 23 is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the direction A, while around the installation target position of the shield excavator 7, the rods 22,. Fix both ends of these rods 22, ... in the shaft 1,
Further, the reaction force plate 23 is fixed to the rod 22, and when the shield excavator 7 starts, the reaction force required for propulsion of the shield excavator 7 is obtained from the reaction force plate 23. As a result, unlike the conventional method, it is possible to obtain the reaction force necessary for starting without installing a bearing wall, which not only facilitates construction but also eliminates the space required for installing the bearing wall. Thus, it is possible to contribute to downsizing of the shaft 1.

In the above-described method of starting the shield excavator 7, the reaction plate 23 is configured to be divided into upper and lower reaction plate members 28 and 29 in the same plane. Cutter head 7c of shield excavator 7
When the vehicle reaches the ground, the upper and lower reaction components 2
8 and 29, while obtaining the reaction force required for propulsion of the shield excavator 7 from one of them, the other is changed to the direction A,
While the reaction force required for propulsion is obtained from the other reaction force plate component that has been replaced, the one reaction force plate component is sequentially rearranged forward, whereby the ground excavator 23 excavates the ground G. While the excavation is being performed, the reaction plate 23 is sequentially rearranged forward, and furthermore, when the movement of the upper or lower reaction plate structure 28, 29 forward in the shaft 1 reaches a limit. While holding the position of the shield excavator 7 by obtaining the reaction force from the upper reaction plate structure 28,
The lower reaction plate member 29 is moved rearward along the rods 22 and so on, and the lower reaction plate member 29 and the shield excavator 7 are moved.
Are provided in the space created between the lower reaction force plate structure 29 and the segments 38,... From the lower reaction force plate structure 29 via the segments 38,. While holding the position of the shield excavator 7 by obtaining the reaction force, the upper reaction plate structure 28 is connected to the rod 22,
Are moved rearward along..., So that segments 38,... Are provided in a space created between the upper reaction force plate constituting body 28 and the shield excavator 7. As described above, as the reaction force plate 23, a plurality of reaction force plate components 28, 29
The shield excavator 7 can be moved forward without installation of a temporary support or the like by using a part that can be divided into two. In addition, by using a dividable reaction force plate 23, the shield excavator 7 is supported by one of the upper and lower reaction force plate components 28 and 29,
The segments 38,... Can begin to be assembled part by part. Therefore, unlike the related art, it is not necessary to start to assemble the segments while supporting the rear surface of the shield excavator 7 from the entire surface. Can be.
Thereby, space saving in the shaft 1 can be achieved.

Further, in the above-described starting method of the shield excavator 7, the shield excavator 7 is provided with a front trunk 7a capable of excavating the ground G and a rear trunk of the front trunk 7a. The front body 7a of the shield excavator 7 is disposed in advance in the shaft 1, and the front body 7a is separated from the reaction plate 23 using a separable body that can be separated from the rear body 7b capable of shield lining inside. By obtaining the reaction force, A
The excavation of the front body 7a is stopped immediately before the cutter head 7c reaches the ground G outside the shaft 1 by excavating the wall of the shaft 1 by the front body 7a. The force plate 23 is moved backward in the direction A, and the reaction force plate 23 is moved.
The rear trunk portion 7b is arranged in a space located between the front trunk portion 7a and the front trunk portion 7a, and is connected to the front trunk portion 7a. Thereafter, the excavation of the ground G by the front trunk portion 7a is started. . As described above, the wall portion 1b of the shaft 1 is
After excavation, the rear trunk portion 7b is connected to the front trunk portion 7a, so that the space in the shaft 1 necessary for split start can be minimized. Thereby, the cross-sectional area of the shaft 1 can be reduced. Further, in this case, it is not necessary to add a temporary support for moving the front body 7a in the shaft 1, and to remove the rear body 7b again to put the rear body 7b into the shaft 1. This can facilitate the construction.

Further, in the above-described method of starting the shield excavator 7, when the shield excavator 7 is started from the inside of the shaft 1, the outer peripheral surface 7d of the shield excavator 7 is provided between the opening 8 and the outer peripheral surface 7d. A packing press jig 26 having an end face 26a on the A direction side formed in the same three-dimensional shape as the contour of the opening 8 is provided behind the entrance packing 24. Is provided, and at the time of start, the entrance packing 2 is
4 is pressed against the inner wall 1a of the shaft 1, so that the opening 8
And the outer peripheral surface 7d of the shield excavator 7 is configured to stop water, so that the shape of the entrance packing 24 is changed to the same shape as the inner wall 1a of the shaft 1 by the packing holding jig 26, Water stoppage etc. between opening 8 and shield excavator 7 can be performed satisfactorily. At this time, unlike the related art, it is not necessary to provide a wellhead concrete or the like, so that the construction period can be shortened and the vertical shaft section can be easily reduced.

In the starting method of the above-described starting method of the shield excavator 7, the entrance packing 24 and the packing holding jig 26 are moved to the rod 2 when starting.
2 and are attached to the inner wall 1a of the shaft 1, the entrance packing 24 and the packing holding jig 26 can be easily arranged at predetermined positions, and the workability is improved. Good.

In the above embodiment, the structure and material of the starting structure 21 and the details of the starting procedure of the shield excavator 7 will be described without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Other configurations may be adopted.

For example, in the above embodiment, both ends of the rod 22 are fixed to the inner wall 1a of the shaft 1. Alternatively, only one end of the rod 22 may be fixed.

In the above embodiment, the rod 2
Instead of 2, a wire may be used. In the above embodiment, the rod 2 is installed in the shaft 1.
In order to arrange the reaction plates 23, the rods 22 are inserted in advance into the insertion holes 31, and then the upper or lower reaction plate components 28, 29 are arranged in the shaft 1. Configuration, but instead,
If the rod is divided and assembled in the shaft, the reaction plate 23 and the rod 22 can be separately charged into the shaft 1.

The structure of the packing holding jig 26 is not limited to the above embodiment.
It may be as shown in FIG. As for the installation of the entrance packing 24, it may be installed from the beginning around the portion where the shield excavator 7 passes on the inner wall 1a of the shaft 1. In this case, if the shaft 1 is circular, it is preferable to process the entrance packing 24 into an elliptical shape. Furthermore, it is needless to say that other configurations may be adopted without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the above-described modification may be selectively adopted as appropriate.

[0053]

As described above, in the starting structure of the shield excavator according to the first aspect, the reaction force required for starting the shield excavator can be uniformly obtained from the reaction force plate. On the contrary, it is not necessary to provide a bearing wall, and thus, it is possible to reduce the cross-sectional area of the shaft. Further, in this starting structure, when the shield excavator is advanced, the reaction force plate can be advanced along the long member with the advance, so that the stroke length of the shield jack differs from the conventional one. When the limit has been reached, there is no need to install temporary supports, and the installation space for temporary supports can be omitted, and the cross-sectional area of the shaft can be further reduced.

According to the starting structure of the shield excavator according to the second aspect, by opening the positioning device provided on the reaction plate member, the reaction plate member is moved in the starting direction by using the long member as a guide. 3 can move in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction, and can easily move and fix these reaction force plate members along the long member. Can be realized.

According to the starting structure of the shield excavator according to the third aspect, since the reaction plate can be divided into a plurality of reaction plate members, the reaction force is obtained from one reaction plate member. While holding the position of the shield excavator, it is possible to re-arrange the other reaction plate components, or to install segments on the portions corresponding to the other reaction plate components. Unlike the conventional method, there is no need to add or remove temporary supports, and the workability is good.

According to the starting structure of the shield excavator according to the fourth aspect, the opening provided in the shaft using the packing holding jig, the packing holding jig, and the entrance packing, and the outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator. Can be satisfactorily closed. In this case, unlike the related art, it is not necessary to cast concrete at the entrance to provide the entrance packing, and the cross-sectional area of the shaft can be reduced. Furthermore, since the packing holding jig and the packing holding jig are supported by a long member so as to be movable in a direction parallel to the starting direction, they can be easily attached to the inner wall of the shaft. Is excellent.

In the method for starting a shield excavator according to claim 5, the shield excavator is disposed in the shaft, and the reaction force plate is disposed behind the shield excavator so as to be orthogonal to the start direction. Elongate members are arranged around the installation target position of the shield excavator in parallel with the starting direction, both ends of these elongate members are fixed in the shaft, and the reaction force plate is fixed to the elongate members. In addition, when starting the shield excavator, the reaction force required for propulsion of the shield excavator is obtained from the reaction force plate. The reaction force required for starting can be obtained, and not only is the construction easy, but also the space required for installing the bearing wall can be omitted, which contributes to the reduction of the cross section of the shaft.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shield excavator starting method, wherein the reaction force plate is configured to be divided into a plurality of reaction force plate components in the same plane, and the shield excavator cutter is used. When the head reaches the ground, while obtaining the reaction force required for propulsion of the shield excavator from at least one of the plurality of reaction force components, the other reaction plate components are connected to the shield excavator. Reordering in the starting direction, and, while obtaining the reaction force necessary for propulsion from the other reaction force plate components that have been changed, sequentially changing one of the reaction force plate components in the forward direction, thereby repeating the shielding. While the excavator excavates the ground, the reaction plates are sequentially repositioned forward, and at the same time, when the forward movement of the reaction plate structure in the shaft reaches the limit, at least Obtain reaction force from one reaction plate structure While maintaining the position of the shield excavator, the other reaction plate structure is moved backward along the long member, and the space created between the other reaction plate structure and the shield excavator A temporary assembly segment is provided, and the temporary assembly segment is supported from behind by another reaction plate structure.
While holding the position of the shield excavator by obtaining a reaction force from the other reaction plate structure through the temporary assembly segment, the other reaction plate structure is moved backward along the long member, As a result, a temporary assembly segment is provided in a space created between the reaction plate member and the shield excavator. As described above, by using a reaction plate that can be divided into a plurality of reaction plate members, the shield excavator can be advanced without installing a temporary support or the like. In addition, by using a splittable reaction force plate,
While the shield excavator is supported by any of the reaction plate structures, the temporary assembly segments can begin to be assembled piece by piece. For this reason, unlike the conventional method, it is not necessary to start assembling the segments while supporting the rear surface of the shield excavator from the entire surface. it can. This can save space in the shaft.

In the method for starting a shield excavator according to claim 7, the shield excavator is provided with a front trunk capable of excavating the ground and a rear part of the front trunk, and a shield cover is provided inside the front trunk. The front body of the shield excavator is placed in advance in the shaft, and the front body is shielded in the shaft by obtaining the reaction force from the reaction plate. Move the excavator in the starting direction,
The wall of the shaft is excavated by the front body, and immediately before the excavation surface reaches the ground outside the shaft, excavation of the front body is stopped, and the reaction plate is moved rearward in the starting direction, and the reaction force is increased. The rear trunk portion is arranged in a space located between the plate and the front trunk portion, is connected to the front trunk portion, and then excavation of the ground by the front trunk portion is started. In this way, after excavating the wall of the shaft with the front body of the shield excavator, the rear body is connected to the front body, so the space in the shaft required for split start is minimized. be able to. Thus, the cross-sectional area of the shaft can be reduced. Further, in this case, it is not necessary to add a temporary support for moving the front body part in the shaft, and remove the rear body part in order to put the rear body part in the shaft again. This can facilitate the construction.

According to the starting method of the shield excavator according to the eighth aspect, when the shield excavator is started from the inside of the shaft, the entrance packing for closing the gap with the opening is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator. At the back of the entrance packing, a packing holding jig whose end face on the starting direction has the same three-dimensional shape as the contour of the opening is provided.When starting, the packing holding jig is used. By pressing the entrance packing against the inner wall of the shaft, water is stopped between the opening and the outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator. The construction period can be shortened, and the cross section of the shaft can be easily reduced.

According to the starting method of the shield excavator according to the ninth aspect, at the time of starting, the entrance packing and the packing holding jig are slid with respect to the long member and attached to the inner wall of the shaft. for,
The entrance packing and the packing holding jig can be easily arranged at predetermined positions, and the workability is good.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing one embodiment of the present invention, and is a plan sectional view of a starting structure of a shield excavator arranged in a shaft.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an elevational sectional view showing details of a configuration of a packing holding member and an entrance packing shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a plan sectional view showing a state where the front trunk portion of the shield excavator is advanced in the shaft and the wall of the shaft is excavated.

5 is a vertical sectional view showing details of the configuration of the packing holding member and the entrance packing in the state of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a plan sectional view showing a state where a rear trunk portion is integrated with a front trunk portion of the shield excavator.

FIG. 7 is a plan sectional view showing a state where the shield excavator is started from a shaft and excavates a ground.

FIG. 8 is a plan sectional view showing a state where the segments are assembled and arranged behind the shield excavator.

9 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a view showing another embodiment of the present invention, and is a plan sectional view of a starting structure of a shield excavator showing a state when a packing holding jig of another shape is used.

FIG. 11 is a view showing a conventional technique of the present invention, and is a plan sectional view showing a state where a front trunk portion of a shield excavator is arranged in a shaft.

FIG. 12 is an elevational sectional view of the same.

FIG. 13 is an elevational sectional view showing a state in which a rear trunk portion is arranged behind a front trunk portion of the shield excavator shown in FIGS.

FIG. 14 is an elevational sectional view of the same.

FIG. 15 is a sectional elevational view showing details of the configuration of the entrance packing fixed to the concrete at the entrance of the shaft provided in the shaft.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vertical shaft 1a Inner wall 1b Wall 7 Shield excavator 7a Front trunk 7b Rear trunk 7c Cutter head (digging surface) 7d Outer peripheral surface 8 Opening 21 Starting structure 22 Rod (long member) 23 Reaction plate 24 Entrance packing 25 Packing holding jig 26 Packing holding jig 26a End face 28 Upper reaction plate structure 29 Lower reaction plate structure 30 Positioning device 31 Insertion hole 38 Segment (temporary assembly segment)

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Taku Ogawa 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Corporation (72) Inventor Daizo Tanaka 2-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Osamu Urata 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshihiko Suzuda 1-2-3 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Corporation (72) Inventor Masaaki Abe 2-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Corporation F-term (reference) 2D054 EA07

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A starting structure used to start a shield excavator from a shaft formed in the ground, comprising: a shield excavator disposed in the shaft;
A plurality of long members are attached in parallel with the start direction of the shield excavator, and both ends thereof are fixed to the inner wall of the shaft, and a reaction plate is provided behind the shield excavator. A starting structure of a shield excavator, wherein the starting structure is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the starting direction, and the reaction force plate can be fixed to an arbitrary position in the starting direction on the long member. 2. The starting structure for a shield excavator according to claim 1, wherein the reaction force plate has an insertion hole through which the elongated member is inserted, and the elongated member inserted through the insertion hole. A positioning device capable of gripping and releasing the member is provided. The reaction force plate moves in a direction parallel to the starting direction with the long member inserted into the insertion hole as a guide when the positioning device is opened. A starting structure for a shield excavator, wherein the starting structure has a possible configuration. 3. The shield starting machine according to claim 1, wherein the reaction plate is configured to be divided into a plurality of reaction plate members. Excavator launch structure. 4. A starting structure used for starting a shield excavator from a shaft formed in the ground, wherein the start structure is deformable so as to surround an outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator disposed in the shaft. A packing holding jig made of a suitable material is provided, and in forming an opening for passing the shield excavator in the shaft when the shield excavator starts, the opening and the outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator An entrance packing used to close a gap between the shield excavator and the starting direction of the packing holding jig is arranged so as to surround an outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator in a state where its position is held by the packing holding jig. At the rear, a packing holding jig is provided so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator, and the packing holding jig is At least, the end face on the starting direction side is formed so as to have the same three-dimensional shape as the three-dimensional shape formed by the outline of the opening to be formed, and the packing holding jig and the packing holding jig are provided inside the shaft. , A starting structure of the shield excavator, wherein the elongate member is attached in parallel to the start direction of the shield excavator so as to be movable in a direction parallel to the start direction. 5. A starting method for starting a shield excavator from a shaft formed in the ground, wherein a shield excavator is disposed in the shaft and a reaction force plate is provided behind the shield excavator. Is disposed so as to be orthogonal to the traveling direction of the shield excavator, while a long member is disposed in parallel with the traveling direction around a position to be disposed of the shield excavator, and both ends of the long member are Attached in the shaft, further fixed the reaction plate against the long member, when starting the shield excavator, necessary for propulsion of the shield excavator from the reaction plate A method of starting a shield excavator characterized by obtaining a reaction force. 6. The starting method of a shield excavator according to claim 5, wherein the reaction plate is configured to be capable of being divided into a plurality of reaction plate members within the same plane, When the excavation surface of the shield excavator reaches the ground,
While obtaining the reaction force required for propulsion of the shield excavator from at least one of the reaction force components, the other reaction force plate components were repositioned forward in the traveling direction, and further repositioned forward. While sequentially obtaining the reaction force required for the propulsion from another reaction plate structure, the rearrangement of the at least one reaction plate structure is sequentially repeated, thereby excavating the ground by a shield excavator. While sequentially rearranging the reaction force plate forward, when the forward movement of the reaction force plate structure in the shaft reaches a limit, at least one of the reaction force plate structures By obtaining a reaction force from one, the other reaction force plate structure is moved backward along the long member while maintaining the position of the shield excavator, and the other reaction force plate structure In the space created between the shield excavator and A provisional assembly segment forming a shield tunnel is provided, and the provisional assembly segment is supported from the rear by the other reaction force plate structure, and thereafter, the reaction force is reduced from the other reaction force plate structure via the temporary assembly segment. While obtaining the force and holding the position of the shield excavator, the at least one reaction plate structure is moved backward along the long member, and the at least one reaction plate structure, A method for starting a shield excavator, wherein the temporary assembly segment is provided in a space created between the shield excavator and the shield excavator. 7. The method for starting a shield excavator according to claim 5, wherein the shield excavator is installed at a front body portion capable of excavating a ground and a rear body behind the front body portion. A front body of the shield excavator is disposed in advance in the shaft, and the front body is provided with the reaction plate. By moving the shield excavator forward in the shaft in the starting direction by obtaining a reaction force from the shaft, the wall of the shaft is excavated by the front body, and the excavation surface of the front body is outside the shaft. Immediately before arriving at the ground, excavation of the front trunk is stopped,
The reaction force plate is moved rearward in the starting direction, the rear body portion is arranged in a space located between the reaction force plate and the front body portion, and the rear body portion is connected to the front body portion. A method of starting a shield excavator, wherein excavation of the ground by a front trunk is started. 8. A starting method for starting a shield excavator from a shaft formed in the ground, wherein when starting the shield excavator from the inside of the shaft, the starting method is applied to an outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator. Along with providing an entrance packing for closing between the opening formed by the shield excavator excavating the wall surface of the shaft and the outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator, and behind the entrance packing An end face on the starting direction side is provided with a packing holding jig having the same three-dimensional shape as the three-dimensional shape formed by the contour of the opening to be formed, and at the time of starting, the packing holding jig is used. By pressing the entrance packing against the inner wall of the shaft, water is stopped between the opening and the outer peripheral surface of the shield excavator. A method for starting a shielded excavator, comprising: 9. The method for starting a shield excavator according to claim 8, wherein:
A long member is arranged in parallel with the traveling direction of the shield excavator, and the entrance packing and the packing holding jig can be moved along the long member with respect to the long member. Wherein the entrance packing and the packing holding jig are slid along the long member so as to abut on the inner wall of the shaft when the vehicle starts. .