JP2001031436A - Production of glass foam and producing apparatus used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce glass foam by extremely reducing yield of dust in a process crushing waste glass and efficiently crushing various waste glass and further produce glass foam while efficiently crushing the waste glass in lowered sound level and an extremely simple apparatus by combinedly using a kiln with a crusher. SOLUTION: This method for producing glass foam comprises a crushing process for crushing waste glass and a burning process for sintering raw material crushed material containing a foaming material in waste glass crushed in the crushing process in foamed state by a kiln 1. The other method for producing glass foam comprises carrying waste glass into a kiln 1 for burning the raw material crushing material, heating the waste glass in the kiln 1 and quenching and crushing the heated waste glass or crushing the quenched waste glass with a crusher 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a glass foam by crushing waste glass and firing it into a foamed state in order to effectively reuse waste glass, and a production apparatus used in this method. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Waste glass can be effectively reused by firing it into a foamed state. The glass foam is buried in the ground as a ground improvement material, for example, as granules having a size of several centimeters. The glass foam buried in the ground effectively drains the ground and effectively prevents the formation of puddles.
Since the glass foam is an inorganic foam, it has extremely excellent weather resistance and durability, and has a feature that the drainage property of the ground can be maintained for a long time. Further, since the glass foam buried in the ground is not restricted in color or the like, there is a feature that waste glass of various colors can be effectively used as a raw material.

Further, glass foams are used as heat insulating materials and core materials for buildings and doors, etc., because of their excellent heat insulating properties and durability. Even in this type of application, various waste glass can be used as a raw material because it does not appear on the surface.

Most of the waste glass used as a raw material for this type of application is glass bottle waste. Although there is waste from glass plates, the amount of glass plates used is extremely small compared to glass bottles.

[0005]

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 1, waste glass has been crushed and crushed by a crusher 14 comprising a crusher for crushing large and a crusher for finely crushing further. The foaming material was added to the waste glass by the mixer 15, and the raw material crushed material to which the foaming material was added was supplied to the firing furnace 1 and sintered in a foamed state to produce a glass foam. In this method, a large amount of dirty dust was scattered around in the step of crushing the waste glass. In particular, when a glass bottle is used for waste glass, the amount of generated dust is significantly increased. This is because the contents remaining in the glass bottle, the dust that has entered the inside, or the label or the like attached to the surface is scattered as fine dust when crushed. The glass bottle can be cleaned and crushed, or a glass plate can be used instead of the glass bottle to reduce dust during crushing. However, cleaning of the discarded glass bottles cannot be realized in practice at all, ignoring the processing cost. In addition, when a glass plate is specified as a raw material instead of a glass bottle, there is a disadvantage that the absolute amount is extremely reduced. Also,
It is also impossible to effectively reuse a mixture of various waste glasses.

Further, the process of crushing the waste glass generates extremely loud noise, which causes noise pollution. If the noise is loud, it is extremely difficult to achieve sufficient sound insulation. For this reason, in the process of crushing the waste glass, a large amount of dust and loud noises make the working environment extremely bad.

Further, since a crusher for crushing waste glass is driven by a large horsepower motor, there is a great demand for a technology capable of crushing waste glass with high power consumption and efficiency.

The present invention has been developed with the object of solving such conventional disadvantages. An important object of the present invention is to minimize the amount of dust generated in the process of crushing waste glass. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for efficiently crushing various kinds of waste glass to produce a glass foam.

[0009] Still another important object of the present invention is that
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a glass foam by reducing the noise level and efficiently crushing by using an extremely simple apparatus by using a firing furnace in combination with a crusher.

[0010]

The method for producing a glass foam according to the present invention comprises a crushing step of crushing waste glass, and foaming of a crushed raw material containing a foaming material in the crushed waste glass in the firing furnace 1. And a sintering step of sintering to a state. Further, in the method for producing a glass foam according to claim 1 of the present invention, waste glass is carried into a firing furnace 1 for firing crushed raw materials,
The waste glass is heated in the firing furnace 1 and the heated waste glass is rapidly cooled and crushed, or the rapidly cooled waste glass is crushed by the crusher 5.

In the method for producing a glass foam according to claim 2 of the present invention, the crushed raw material is transferred to the upper part of the firing furnace 1 and fired.
The waste glass is transferred to the lower part of the firing furnace 1 and heated.

The apparatus for manufacturing a glass foam according to a third aspect of the present invention includes a firing furnace 1 for firing a crushed raw material containing a foaming material into crushed waste glass into a foamed state. The firing furnace 1
A sintering conveyor 2 for heating and transferring the crushed material to the sintering temperature and a heating conveyor 3 for heating the waste glass are provided. On the discharge side of the firing furnace 1, a cooler 4 for rapidly cooling waste glass heated in the firing furnace 1 is provided. The waste glass is transferred to the baking furnace 1 by the heating conveyor 3 and heated, and the heated waste glass is rapidly cooled and crushed by the cooler 4, or the rapidly cooled waste glass is crushed by the crusher 5.

In the apparatus for producing a glass foam according to the present invention, a baking conveyor 2 is provided above a baking furnace 1, and a heating conveyor 3 is provided below the baking furnace 1.

Further, the apparatus for manufacturing a glass foam according to the fifth aspect of the present invention includes a cooler 4 for sprinkling water on the heated waste glass and quenching it. A quench crusher 9 is provided on the discharge side of the conveyor 2,
The fired glass foam is quenched and crushed.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the following examples show specific examples for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify a manufacturing apparatus and a manufacturing method of a glass foam to the following.

Further, in this specification, in order to make it easier to understand the claims, the numbers corresponding to the members shown in the embodiments will be referred to as “claims” and “ In the column of “means”. However, the members described in the claims are not limited to the members of the embodiments.

The apparatus for manufacturing a glass foam shown in FIG. 2 is a raw material crushed material obtained by heating a waste glass such as a glass bottle or a glass plate, quenching it by rapid cooling, and adding an additive such as a foaming material to the crushed waste glass. Is fired into a foamed state to obtain a glass foam.

The manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 includes a hopper 6 for storing waste glass, a firing furnace 1 for heating and firing the waste glass supplied from the hopper 6, and a cooling for rapidly cooling the waste glass heated in the firing furnace 1. A crusher 5 for crushing the waste glass quenched by the cooler 4 and a raw material tank 7 for storing a raw material crushed material obtained by adding an additive such as a foaming material to the waste glass crushed by the crusher 5. Prepare.

The hopper 6 stores waste glass such as a glass bottle and a glass plate and supplies the waste glass to the heating conveyor 3 of the firing furnace 1. The hopper 6 has a feeder 8 at the lower end. The feeder 8 heats the waste glass of the hopper 6 to the heating conveyor 3.
Quantitative supply.

The firing furnace 1 heats the waste glass at the lower portion and fires the crushed material at the center or upper portion. The sintering furnace 1 is a tunnel furnace, in which a sintering conveyor 2 for heating and transferring the crushed material to the sintering temperature is provided horizontally at an upper portion, and a heating conveyor 3 for heating waste glass is provided at a lower portion.
The firing furnace 1 burns a gas inside to fire at a predetermined temperature.
It is a gas furnace to be heated. The sintering furnace 1 sets the sintering temperature of the crushed material supplied on the sintering conveyor 2 to, for example, 750 to 750.
1000 ° C., preferably 800 to 950 ° C., more preferably 800 to 900 ° C. The heating temperature of the waste glass supplied by the heating conveyor 3 is, for example, 400 to 80.
0 ° C, preferably 400 to 750 ° C, more preferably 400 to 700 ° C.

The firing furnace 1 shown in the figure is provided with a quench crusher 9 for glass foam on the discharge side of the firing conveyor 2. The quench crusher 9 has a watering nozzle 10 for watering the glass foam sintered in a foamed state on the firing conveyor 2. The sprinkling nozzle 10 quenches the glass foam and reduces the average particle size to 5 to 3
Crush to a solid shape of 0 mm. Firing furnace 1 of this structure
Can crush and discharge the glass foam into a predetermined size.

The cooler 4 rapidly cools the waste glass heated in the firing furnace 1. The illustrated cooler 4 is provided with a water spray nozzle 11 for spraying water onto waste glass transferred on the heating conveyor 3 and rapidly cooling it. The watering nozzle 11 is located above the heating conveyor 3 and is arranged downward. Watering nozzle 1
In 1, the heating conveyor 3 sprinkles water on the waste glass discharged from the firing furnace 1 and rapidly cools the waste glass.

The quenched waste glass is crushed by a crusher 5. As the crusher 5, any machine that can crush waste glass, for example, a crusher such as a ball mill can be used. As the crusher, a jaw crusher or a roll crusher can be used instead of the ball mill. The crusher 5 is quenched after heating and crushes waste glass having countless cracks and easily broken. The crusher 5 has, for example, an average particle size of the waste glass of 0.5 to 2 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1.5 m.
m, more preferably 0.5 to 1.2 mm.

The waste glass crushed by the crusher 5 is shown in FIG.
The foaming material is mixed by the mixer 13 shown by the dashed line to obtain a crushed raw material. However, the foaming material can be added to the waste glass supplied to the crusher and mixed with the crusher. As the foaming material, calcium carbonate, silicon carbide, carbon, magnesium carbonate, dolomite, sodium carbonate, sodium carbonate, or the like is used. Further, the crushed raw material may be mixed with an additive made of an inorganic material in the form of a granule, in addition to the foamed material. The amount of the additive can be, for example, 0 to 50% by weight. Additives include borax, perlite,
Use vermiclite, pumice, volcanic rubble, expanded slag, expanded shale, etc.

Furthermore, the raw material crushed material may contain, as an additive, a flux or a frit that melts at a low temperature during firing. The addition amount of the flux and the frit is 0 to 30% by weight. The flux and frit melt at low firing temperatures to sinter the waste glass. A flux or frit having a yield point of 500 to 700 ° C. is used.

The frit is prepared by melting and pulverizing a mixture of, for example, 116 parts by weight of lead white, 111 parts by weight of feldspar, 28 parts by weight of silica sand, 20 parts by weight of limestone, 12 parts by weight of zincaceous, and 21 parts by weight of clay. Alternatively, a mixture of 60 parts by weight of silica sand, 22 parts by weight of saltpeter, 7.2 parts by weight of salt, 3.6 parts by weight of alum, 3.6 parts by weight of soda ash, and 3.6 parts by weight of gypsum is melted and pulverized. Can be used. Frit is
The melting point can be adjusted with the mixed material.

The crushed raw material is stored in the raw material tank 7,
It is supplied to a firing conveyor 2 of a firing furnace 1. Raw material tank 7
Is provided with a feeder 12 at a lower portion for supplying the crushed material to the baking conveyor 2. The crushed raw material in the raw material tank 7 is supplied to the baking conveyor 2 by the feeder 12. The crushed raw material is supplied in a constant amount to the sintering conveyor 2 that is continuously operated, passes through the sintering furnace 1, and is sintered into a foamed state.

Example 1 A glass foam crushed into granules is produced as follows. Soda glass waste glass, which is a glass bottle, is supplied from a hopper to a heating conveyor. The waste glass supplied to the heating conveyor passes through a firing furnace and is heated to about 500 ° C. With a cooler provided on the discharge side of the heating conveyor, water is sprinkled on the heated waste glass and rapidly cooled. In this state, countless fine cracks occur in the waste glass. Silicon carbide is added as a foaming material to the quenched waste glass and supplied to a crusher. The addition amount of the foaming material is 0.5% by weight based on 99.5% by weight of the waste glass. The crusher crushes the waste glass and mixes the foamed material into a crushed raw material. The crusher crushes the waste glass to a particle size having an average particle size of about 1 mm. The crushed material is placed on a baking conveyor, 800 mm wide,
Feed to a thickness of 15 mm. The sintering conveyer sinters the crushed material placed on the upper side after passing through the sintering furnace into a foamed state. The glass foam expands about three times to a thickness of about 45 mm. In this step, the crushed raw material is placed on a firing conveyor, the time from the inlet to the outlet of the firing furnace is 3 hours, and the firing temperature is 850 ° C. The glass foam fired in a foamed state is quenched by a quench crusher at a portion coming out of a firing furnace. The quench crusher sprinkles water on the glass foam to quench it. However, the quench crusher
Cold air can also be blown onto the glass foam to quench it. The glass foam quenched by the quench crusher is thermally shrunk and broken into particles. In particular, since the glass foam is foamed while containing a high-temperature gas therein, it is efficiently destroyed by heat shrinkage. The broken glass foam has an average particle size of 5 to 30 mm.

According to this manufacturing method, the waste glass was efficiently crushed into small pieces to obtain a uniformly foamed granular glass foam. In particular, the scattering of dust in the crushing step is extremely small, and the waste glass is crushed small by one crushing. Further, the glass foam produced in this example was foamed with many closed cells, and a high-quality glass having a low water absorption was obtained in a state of use such as being buried in the ground.

Example 2 A granular glass foam is produced as follows. The mixing ratio of the raw material crushed materials was set to 98% by weight of waste glass, 1% by weight of borax, and 0.5% by weight.
Of silicon carbide and 0.5% by weight of calcium carbonate,
Further, the temperature at which the waste glass is heated by the heating conveyor is 5
50 ° C., and the firing temperature of the crushed material is 900 ° C.
A glass foam is manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the following. Silicon carbide and calcium carbonate contained in the crushed material are foaming materials. 90% by weight in waste glass
Of glass bottles mixed with 10% by weight of plate glass.

Also according to this manufacturing method, the waste glass was efficiently crushed into small pieces to obtain a uniformly foamed granular glass foam. The scattering of dust in the crushing process was extremely small, and the waste glass was crushed small by one crushing.
Furthermore, the glass foam produced in this example is foamed in a state containing both closed cells and open cells, and exhibits excellent physical properties in a use state such as a filter that transmits moisture.

Example 3 A granular glass foam is produced as follows. The mixing ratio of the raw material crushed materials was 90% by weight of waste glass, 9% by weight of pearlite, and 1% by weight.
Example 1 except that dolomite, which is a foam material, was used.
A glass foam is produced in the same manner as described above.

According to this manufacturing method, the waste glass was efficiently crushed into small pieces to obtain a uniformly foamed granular glass foam. In particular, the scattering of dust in the crushing process was extremely small, and the waste glass was crushed small by one crushing. The glass foam produced in this example was light and had a low specific gravity.

Example 4 A granular glass foam is produced as follows. The mixing ratio of the raw material crushed product was 84.5.
By weight, waste glass, 15% frit, 0.5% by weight of magnesium carbonate as a foaming material, the temperature at which the waste glass is heated by a heating conveyor is set to 400 ° C., and the crushed raw material is fired. A glass foam is manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature is set to 750 ° C. The waste glass used was a mixture of 90% by weight bottle glass and 10% by weight plate glass. further,
The frit contains 116 parts by weight of lead white, 111 parts by weight of feldspar,
A mixture obtained by melting and pulverizing a mixture of 28 parts by weight of silica sand, 20 parts by weight of limestone, 12 parts by weight of zinc family, and 21 parts by weight of clay was used.

Also according to this manufacturing method, the waste glass was efficiently crushed into small pieces to obtain a uniformly foamed granular glass foam. The scattering of dust in the crushing process was extremely small, and the waste glass was crushed small by one crushing.

In the above embodiment, waste glass heated and quenched in a firing furnace is crushed by a crusher. In the production method and the production apparatus of the present invention, by raising the temperature at which the waste glass is heated in the firing furnace, water can be sprinkled and crushed into small pieces without using a crusher to obtain a crushed raw material.

Comparative Example 4 For comparison, the same apparatus as in Example 1 was used without heating and quenching the glass foam.
The same waste glass was crushed under the same conditions. In this method, since the unheated waste glass was crushed, the average particle size of the crushed waste glass was extremely large, about 2.5 mm, despite the crushing under the same conditions as in Example 1. In this state, sintering into a finely foamed state was required, so that it was necessary to use a different crusher to crush the particles further. further,
In the crushing step, a large amount of dust was scattered due to the foreign substances attached to the waste glass.

[0038]

Industrial Applicability The present invention minimizes the amount of dust generated in the step of crushing waste glass in which various foreign substances are mixed, and efficiently crushes various waste glass into small pieces to form a uniform glass foam. Can be manufactured. This is because the manufacturing method and the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention heat the waste glass in a firing furnace for firing the crushed raw material, and then rapidly cool and crush the waste glass.

Further, according to the present invention, waste glass is heated and quenched in a sintering furnace for crushed raw materials, so that the sintering furnace is used in combination with a part of a crusher, thereby simplifying the entire apparatus and further reducing crushing. It also has the feature of reducing the noise level and efficiently crushing.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional glass foam manufacturing apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for producing a glass foam according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Firing furnace 2 ... Firing conveyor 3 ... Heating conveyor 4 ... Cooling machine 5 ... Crusher 6 ... Hopper 7 ... Raw material tank 8 ... Feeder 9 ... Rapid cooling crusher 10 ... Sprinkling nozzle 11 ... Sprinkling nozzle 12 ... Feeder 13 ... Mixer 14 ... Crusher 15 ... Mixer

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A glass foaming method comprising: a crushing step of crushing waste glass; and a firing step of sintering a crushed raw material containing a foaming material into the waste glass crushed in the crushing step into a foamed state in a firing furnace (1). In the body manufacturing method, in the crushing step, waste glass is carried into the firing furnace (1) for firing the crushed raw material and heated in the firing furnace (1), and then rapidly cooled to be crushed or rapidly cooled. Crushing machine
A method for producing a glass foam, which is crushed in (5). 2. The method for producing a glass foam according to claim 1, wherein the crushed raw material is transferred to an upper portion of the firing furnace (1) and fired, and a waste glass is transferred to a lower portion of the firing furnace (1) and heated. Method. 3. A glass foam manufacturing apparatus comprising a firing furnace (1) for firing a crushed raw material containing a foaming material into crushed waste glass into a foamed state, wherein the firing furnace (1) converts the crushed raw material into a foamed state. A baking conveyor (2) for heating and transferring to a baking temperature, and a heating conveyor (3) for heating waste glass are provided, and the discharge side of the heating conveyor (3) is heated in a baking furnace (1). A cooler (4) for rapidly cooling the waste glass is provided.The waste glass is transferred to the firing furnace (1) by the heating conveyor (3) and heated, and the heated waste glass is rapidly cooled by the cooler (4). An apparatus for manufacturing a glass foam, wherein waste glass crushed or quenched by crushing is crushed by a crusher (5). 4. The glass according to claim 3, wherein a baking conveyor (2) is provided above the baking furnace (1), and a heating conveyor (3) is provided below the baking furnace (1). Foam manufacturing equipment. 5. The apparatus for producing a glass foam according to claim 3, wherein the cooler (4) sprinkles water on the heated waste glass and rapidly cools it. 6. The apparatus for producing a glass foam according to claim 3, further comprising a quench crusher (9) for rapidly cooling the fired glass foam on the discharge side of the firing conveyor (2).