JP3628556B2 - Manufacturing method of glass foam and manufacturing apparatus used in this manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a manufacturing method for crushing a waste glass and firing it into a foamed state to make a glass foam, and a manufacturing apparatus used in this method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Waste glass can be effectively reused by firing into a foamed state. The glass foam is embedded in the ground as a ground improvement material, for example, in the form of granules having a size of several centimeters. The glass foam embedded in the ground effectively prevents the water from being pooled by improving the drainage of the ground. Since the glass foam is an inorganic foam, it has extremely excellent weather resistance and durability, and has a feature that the drainage of the ground can be maintained for a long period of time. Moreover, since the glass foam embedded in the ground is not restricted by color or the like, there is a feature that waste glass of various colors can be effectively used as a raw material.
[0003]
Furthermore, the glass foam is used for heat insulating materials and core materials such as buildings and doors, taking advantage of excellent heat insulating properties and durability. Even in this type of application, various waste glass can be used as a raw material because it does not appear on the surface.
[0004]
Most waste glass used as a raw material for this type of application is waste from glass bottles. Although there are glass plate wastes, the amount of glass plate used is very small compared to glass bottles.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 1, waste glass is crushed by a crusher 14 consisting of a coarse crusher that crushes it largely and a crusher that crushes it further smaller, and a foam material is applied to the crushed waste glass using a mixer 15. The raw material crushed material to which the foam material was added was supplied to the firing furnace 1 and sintered into a foamed state to produce a glass foam. In this method, waste glass was crushed and a large amount of dirty dust was scattered around. In particular, when glass bottles are used for waste glass, the amount of dust generated is significantly increased. This is because the contents remaining in the glass bottle, the dust that has entered the inside, or the label attached to the surface, etc. are scattered as fine dust when crushing. Glass bottles can be cleaned and crushed, or a glass plate can be used instead of glass bottles to reduce dust during crushing. However, cleaning glass bottles that are to be discarded cannot be realized in practice, even if processing costs are ignored. In addition, if a glass plate is specified as a raw material instead of a glass bottle, there is a drawback that the absolute amount is extremely reduced. In addition, it becomes impossible to effectively recycle various waste glass.
[0006]
Furthermore, the process of crushing the waste glass also generates extremely loud noise, which causes noise pollution. If the noise is loud, it is extremely difficult to provide sufficient sound insulation. For this reason, in the process of crushing the waste glass, the actual situation is that the working environment is extremely deteriorated due to a large amount of dust and large noise.
[0007]
Furthermore, since the crusher for crushing the waste glass is driven by a motor with a large horsepower, there is a strong demand for a technology that consumes a large amount of power and can crush the waste glass efficiently.
[0008]
The present invention was developed for the purpose of solving such conventional drawbacks, and an important object of the present invention is to minimize the generation amount of dust in the process of crushing waste glass, An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for producing glass foam by efficiently crushing various types of waste glass.
[0009]
Furthermore, another important object of the present invention is a method and apparatus for producing a glass foam by reducing noise level and efficiently crushing with a very simple apparatus by using a firing furnace together with a crusher. And to provide.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The method for producing a glass foam of the present invention includes a crushing step for crushing waste glass, and a firing step for sintering the raw material crushed material containing the foaming material to the waste glass crushed in the crushing step in the firing furnace 1. Become.
Furthermore, the manufacturing method of the glass foam of Claim 1 of this invention carries in a waste glass in the baking furnace 1 which bakes a raw material crushed material, heats a waste glass in this baking furnace 1, and heated waste glass Is quickly cooled and crushed, or the rapidly cooled waste glass is crushed by the crusher 5.
[0011]
In the method for producing a glass foam according to claim 2 of the present invention, the raw material crushed material is transferred to the upper part of the baking furnace 1 and fired, and the waste glass is transferred to the lower part of the baking furnace 1 and heated.
[0012]
The apparatus for producing a glass foam according to claim 3 of the present invention includes a firing furnace 1 for firing a crushed raw material containing a foam material into a crushed waste glass into a foamed state. The firing furnace 1 includes a firing conveyor 2 that heats and transfers the crushed material to the firing temperature, and a heating conveyor 3 that heats the waste glass. On the discharge side of the firing furnace 1, a cooler 4 for rapidly cooling the waste glass heated in the firing furnace 1 is provided. The waste glass is transferred to the baking furnace 1 by the heating conveyor 3 and heated, and the heated waste glass is rapidly cooled by the cooler 4 and crushed, or the rapidly cooled waste glass is crushed by the crusher 5.
[0013]
In the glass foam manufacturing apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the baking conveyor 2 is disposed in the upper part of the baking furnace 1, and the heating conveyor 3 is disposed in the lower part of the baking furnace 1.
[0014]
Furthermore, the glass foam manufacturing apparatus according to claim 5 of the present invention includes a cooler 4 that sprinkles water on the heated waste glass and rapidly cools, and the glass foam manufacturing apparatus according to claim 6 includes: A rapid crusher 9 is provided on the discharge side to quench and crush the fired glass foam.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the Example shown below shows the specific example for actualizing the technical idea of this invention, Comprising: This invention does not specify the manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method of a glass foam to the following.
[0016]
Further, in this specification, in order to facilitate understanding of the scope of claims, the numbers corresponding to the members shown in the embodiments are referred to as “claims” and “means for solving the problems”. It is added to the member shown by. However, the members shown in the claims are not limited to the members in the embodiments.
[0017]
The glass foam production apparatus shown in FIG. 2 heats waste glass such as glass bottles and glass plates, then rapidly cools and crushes them, and foams raw material crushed material obtained by adding additives such as foaming material to the crushed waste glass. To give a glass foam.
[0018]
The manufacturing apparatus of this figure includes a hopper 6 for storing waste glass, a firing furnace 1 for heating and firing the waste glass supplied from the hopper 6, and a cooler 4 for rapidly cooling the waste glass heated in the firing furnace 1. A crusher 5 for crushing the waste glass rapidly cooled by the cooler 4 and a raw material tank 7 for storing a raw material crushed material obtained by adding an additive such as a foaming material to the waste glass crushed by the crusher 5 are provided.
[0019]
The hopper 6 stores waste glass such as a glass bottle or a glass plate and supplies it to the heating conveyor 3 of the baking furnace 1. The hopper 6 has a feeder 8 at the lower end. The feeder 8 supplies the waste glass of the hopper 6 to the heating conveyor 3 in a fixed amount.
[0020]
The firing furnace 1 heats the waste glass at the lower portion and fires the crushed raw material at the central portion or the upper portion. The firing furnace 1 is a tunnel furnace, in which a firing conveyor 2 that heats and transfers the crushed raw material to a firing temperature is disposed horizontally at the top, and a heating conveyor 3 that heats waste glass is disposed at the bottom. The firing furnace 1 is a gas furnace in which gas is burned and fired to a predetermined temperature and heated. The baking furnace 1 sets the baking temperature of the raw material crushed material supplied with the baking conveyor 2 to 750-1000 degreeC, for example, Preferably it is 800-950 degreeC, More preferably, it is 800-900 degreeC. The heating temperature of the waste glass supplied with the heating conveyor 3 is 400-800 degreeC, for example, Preferably it is 400-750 degreeC, More preferably, you may be 400-700 degreeC.
[0021]
The firing furnace 1 shown in the figure is provided with a glass foam rapid-quenching crusher 9 on the discharge side of the firing conveyor 2. The rapid crushing machine 9 has a watering nozzle 10 that sprinkles water on a glass foam sintered in a foamed state by the baking conveyor 2. The watering nozzle 10 rapidly cools the glass foam and crushes it into a solid form having an average particle size of 5 to 30 mm. The firing furnace 1 having this structure can crush and discharge the glass foam into a predetermined size.
[0022]
The cooler 4 rapidly cools the waste glass heated in the firing furnace 1. The cooler 4 shown in the figure includes a watering nozzle 11 that sprinkles water on the waste glass transferred on the heating conveyor 3 and quenches it. The watering nozzle 11 is located above the heating conveyor 3 and is disposed downward. The watering nozzle 11 sprinkles water on the waste glass discharged from the baking furnace 1 by the heating conveyor 3 and rapidly cools it.
[0023]
The rapidly cooled waste glass is crushed by the crusher 5. As the crusher 5, any machine capable of crushing waste glass, for example, a crusher such as a ball mill can be used. As the crusher, a jaw crusher or a roll crusher can be used instead of the ball mill. The crusher 5 crushes waste glass that is rapidly cooled after heating and easily crushed with numerous cracks. The crusher 5 crushes, for example, so that the average particle diameter of the waste glass is 0.5 to 2 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1.5 mm, and more preferably 0.5 to 1.2 mm.
[0024]
The waste glass crushed by the crusher 5 is mixed with a foam material by a mixer 13 shown by a chain line in FIG. However, the foam material can be added to the waste glass supplied to the crusher and mixed with the crusher. As the foam material, calcium carbonate, silicon carbide, carbon, magnesium carbonate, dolomite, sodium carbonate, sodium carbonate, or the like is used. Furthermore, in addition to the foamed material, the crushed raw material can be mixed with an additive made of an inorganic material as a granular material. The addition amount of the additive can be, for example, 0 to 50% by weight. Additives include borax, perlite, vermiculite, pumice, volcanic rubble, expanded slag, expanded shale.
[0025]
Furthermore, the crushed raw material can be added with a flux or frit that melts at a low temperature when fired as an additive. The amount of flux or frit added is 0 to 30% by weight. Flux and frit are melted at a low firing temperature to sinter waste glass. A flux or frit having a yield point of 500 to 700 ° C. is used.
[0026]
The frit includes, for example, a mixture of 116 parts by weight of lead white, 111 parts by weight of feldspar, 28 parts by weight of silica sand, 20 parts by weight of limestone, 12 parts by weight of zinc, and 21 parts by weight of clay, or silica sand A mixture of 60 parts by weight, glass 22 parts by weight, sodium chloride 7.2 parts by weight, alum 3.6 parts by weight, soda ash 3.6 parts by weight, gypsum 3.6 parts by weight can be used. . The melting point of the frit can be adjusted with a mixed material.
[0027]
The crushed raw material is stored in the raw material tank 7 and supplied to the firing conveyor 2 of the firing furnace 1. The raw material tank 7 is provided with a feeder 12 for supplying the crushed raw material to the baking conveyor 2 at the lower part. The crushed raw material in the raw material tank 7 is supplied to the baking conveyor 2 by the feeder 12. The raw material crushed material is quantitatively supplied to the firing conveyor 2 that is continuously operated, passes through the firing furnace 1 and is sintered into a foamed state.
[0028]
[Example 1]
A glass foam crushed into granules is produced as follows.
(1) Dispose of soda glass waste glass, which is a glass bottle, from a hopper to a heating conveyor. The waste glass supplied to the heating conveyor passes through the baking furnace and is heated to about 500 ° C.
(2) A cooler provided on the discharge side of the heating conveyor sprinkles the heated waste glass to quench it. In this state, countless fine cracks are generated in the waste glass.
(3) Add silicon carbide as a foaming material to the rapidly cooled waste glass and supply it to the crusher. The addition amount of the foaming material is 0.5% by weight with respect to 99.5% by weight of the waste glass.
(4) The crusher crushes the waste glass and mixes the foamed material to obtain a crushed raw material. The crusher crushes the waste glass into a particle size having an average particle size of about 1 mm.
(5) Supply the crushed raw material to a width of 800 mm and a thickness of 15 mm on a baking conveyor. A baking conveyor bakes the crushed raw material which has passed through a baking furnace and mounted on it in a foaming state. The glass foam foams about 3 times to a thickness of about 45 mm. In this step, the crushed raw material is placed on a firing conveyor, the time from the entrance to the exit of the firing furnace is 3 hours, and the firing temperature is 850 ° C.
{Circle around (6)} The glass foam fired in the foamed state is rapidly cooled by a rapid crusher at the portion coming out of the firing furnace. The rapid crusher cools by spraying water on the glass foam. However, the rapid crusher can also cool the glass foam by blowing cold air. The glass foam rapidly cooled by the rapid crusher is thermally shrunk and broken into granules. In particular, since the glass foam is foamed in a state containing a high-temperature gas therein, it is efficiently destroyed by heat shrinkage. The broken glass foam has an average particle size of 5 to 30 mm.
[0029]
By this production method, the waste glass was efficiently crushed and became a uniformly foamed granular glass foam. In particular, there is very little dust scattering in the crushing process, and the waste glass is crushed small by one crushing. Furthermore, the glass foam produced in this example was foamed in a state where there were many closed cells, and a high quality product having a low water absorption rate was obtained in a use state such as being embedded in the ground.
[0030]
[Example 2]
A granular glass foam is produced as follows.
The mixing ratio of the crushed material is 98% by weight waste glass, 1% by weight borax, 0.5% by weight silicon carbide, and 0.5% by weight calcium carbonate, and the waste glass is heated. A glass foam is produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature to be heated by the conveyor is 550 ° C. and the firing temperature of the crushed material is 900 ° C. Silicon carbide and calcium carbonate contained in the crushed material are foamed materials. As the waste glass, a glass containing 90% by weight of bottle glass and 10% by weight of plate glass is used.
[0031]
Also by this manufacturing method, the waste glass was efficiently crushed and became a uniformly foamed granular glass foam. There was very little dust scattering in the crushing process, and the waste glass was crushed small by one crushing. Furthermore, the glass foam produced in this example is foamed in a state containing both closed cells and open cells, and exhibits excellent physical properties in a use state such as a filter that allows moisture to permeate.
[0032]
[Example 3]
A granular glass foam is produced as follows.
In the same manner as in Example 1, except that 90% by weight of waste glass, 9% by weight of pearlite, and 1% by weight of dolomite, which is a foam material, are used, the mixing ratio of the raw material crushed material is glass foam. Is produced.
[0033]
By this production method, the waste glass was efficiently crushed and became a uniformly foamed granular glass foam. In particular, there was very little dust scattering in the crushing process, and the waste glass was crushed small by one crushing. The glass foam produced in this example was light and specific gravity decreased.
[0034]
[Example 4]
A granular glass foam is produced as follows.
The mixing ratio of the raw material crushed material is 84.5% by weight waste glass, 15% frit, and 0.5% by weight magnesium carbonate, which is a foam material, and the temperature at which the waste glass is heated by a heating conveyor. A glass foam is produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature is 400 ° C. and the firing temperature of the crushed material is 750 ° C. The waste glass used was a mixture of 90 wt% bottle glass and 10 wt% plate glass. Further, the frit used was a mixture of 116 parts by weight of lead white, 111 parts by weight of feldspar, 28 parts by weight of silica sand, 20 parts by weight of limestone, 12 parts by weight of zinc family, and 21 parts by weight of clay and pulverized.
[0035]
Also by this manufacturing method, the waste glass was efficiently crushed and became a uniformly foamed granular glass foam. There was very little dust scattering in the crushing process, and the waste glass was crushed small by one crushing.
[0036]
In the above embodiment, waste glass heated and rapidly cooled in a baking furnace is crushed with a crusher. In the production method and production apparatus of the present invention, by raising the temperature at which the waste glass is heated in the baking furnace, the raw material can be crushed by sprinkling water and making it small without using a crusher.
[0037]
[Comparative Example 4]
For comparison, the same waste glass was crushed under the same conditions using the same apparatus as in Example 1 without heating and quenching the glass foam. In this method, since the waste glass that was not heated was crushed, the average particle size of the crushed waste glass became extremely large, about 2.5 mm, despite being crushed under the same conditions as in Example 1. In this state, since it can be sintered into a fine foamed state, it has been necessary to further pulverize it by using another crusher. Furthermore, in the crushing process, a large amount of dust was scattered by foreign matters adhering to the waste glass.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention can reduce the generation amount of dust in the process of crushing waste glass in which various foreign substances are mixed, and can produce a uniform glass foam by crushing various waste glass efficiently and smallly. This is because the manufacturing method and the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention heat waste glass in a firing furnace for firing the raw material crushed material, and then rapidly cool and crush it.
[0039]
Furthermore, since the present invention heats and quenches waste glass in a raw material crushed material firing furnace, the firing furnace is used in combination with a part of the crusher to simplify the entire device and to reduce the noise level when crushing. It also realizes the feature that it can be reduced and efficiently broken.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional glass foam production apparatus. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a glass foam production apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Firing furnace 2 ... Firing conveyor 3 ... Heating conveyor 4 ... Cooling machine 5 ... Crushing machine 6 ... Hopper 7 ... Raw material tank 8 ... Feeder 9 ... Quenching crushing machine 10 ... Sprinkling nozzle 11 ... Sprinkling nozzle 12 ... Feeder 13 ... Mixer 14 ... Crusher 15 ... Mixer

Claims (6)

In the manufacturing method of the glass foam which consists of the crushing process which crushes a waste glass, and the baking process which sinters the raw material crushing material which contains a foaming material to the waste glass crushed at the crushing process in a foaming state in a baking furnace (1). ,
In the crushing step, the waste glass is carried into a firing furnace (1) for firing the raw material crushed material and heated in the firing furnace (1), and then rapidly cooled and crushed, or the rapidly cooled waste glass is crushed (5). A method for producing a glass foam, wherein the glass foam is crushed with a glass. The method for producing a glass foam according to claim 1, wherein the crushed raw material is transferred to the upper part of the firing furnace (1) and fired, and the waste glass is transferred to the lower part of the firing furnace (1) and heated. In a glass foam manufacturing apparatus comprising a firing furnace (1) for firing a raw material crushed material containing a foam material into a crushed waste glass into a foamed state,
The firing furnace (1) includes a firing conveyor (2) that heats and transfers the crushed raw material to the firing temperature, and a heating conveyor (3) that heats the waste glass, and on the discharge side of the heating conveyor (3). Is equipped with a cooler (4) for rapidly cooling the waste glass heated in the firing furnace (1),
The waste glass is transferred to the baking furnace (1) by the heating conveyor (3) and heated, and the heated waste glass is rapidly cooled and crushed by the cooler (4), or the rapidly cooled waste glass is crushed (5). An apparatus for producing a glass foam, wherein the glass foam is crushed with a glass. The apparatus for producing a glass foam according to claim 3, wherein a baking conveyor (2) is disposed above the baking furnace (1), and a heating conveyor (3) is disposed below the baking furnace (1). . The apparatus for producing a glass foam according to claim 3, wherein the cooler (4) sprays water on the heated waste glass to quench it. The apparatus for producing a glass foam according to claim 3, wherein a rapid crusher (9) for rapidly cooling the fired glass foam is provided on the discharge side of the firing conveyor (2).

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