JP2001016977A - Vegetative mat for greening use - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject mat highly adhesive to the surface of soil, capable of surely preventing surface soil, plant seeds, fertilizer, etc., from migration, also capable of preventing plant seeds from getting dry with its high water- holding performance, with the result that germination unevenness and growth unevenness hardly occur and intrusive vegetation is ready to be set as well. SOLUTION: This vegetative mat 1 for greening use is obtained by laminating one side of a net 2 with a sheet-like thin cotton 3 followed by a coarse fibrous layer 6 made of excelsior fibers or the like; alternatively, by laminating one side of a net 2 with a sheet-like thin cotton 3 followed by bonding fertilizer bags 19 to the surface of the thin cotton 3 at appropriate intervals and then laminating a coarse fibrous layer 6 made of excelsior fibers or the like so as to cover these fertilizer bags 19.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vegetation mat used for greening roads and slopes, riverbeds, river banks and lake shores, for example.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a vegetation mat for greening using a coarse net which does not hinder the germination of plant seeds or the growth of young seeds, a sheet-like thin cotton is laminated on one side of the net. Coarse fibers in which plant seeds and fertilizers are adhered and carried on the surface with a water-soluble adhesive, or coarse fibers such as natural coconut fibers are adhered to one surface of a net with a water-soluble adhesive and accumulated in a mat form Layers are known, in which plant seeds and fertilizers are adhered and supported on a coarse fiber layer with a water-soluble adhesive.

[0003] These vegetation mats are laid on a slope or the like with the support surface of the plant seeds facing down, and fixed with a retaining skewer penetrating the net. And, due to rainfall, in the former vegetation mat, sheet-like thin cotton peels off the net, and in the latter vegetation mat, the coarse fiber layer peels off the net, plant seeds fall on the soil surface, and the thin cotton or By being covered with the coarse fiber layer, the seeds are germinated and grown while being protected from direct sunlight and keeping the thin cotton or coarse fiber layer on the surface net.

[0004]

However, in practice, in the former vegetation mat, when the thin cotton is peeled off from the net due to rainfall, the thin cotton is entangled with each other. Since the plant seeds and fertilizers are suspended in the air without adhering to the concave portions, the seeds and fertilizer may move due to being washed away by rainwater, and may cause uneven germination and growth.

[0005] In the latter vegetation mat, the coarse fiber layer that has come off from the net due to rainfall is separated,
There has been a problem that the plant seeds and fertilizer move, and the seeds of the plant are dried due to insufficient water retention of the coarse fiber layer, resulting in uneven germination and growth.

[0006] In view of the above situation, the present invention has a very good adhesion to the soil surface, can surely prevent the movement of surface soil, plant seeds, fertilizers, etc., and has a high water retention function, It is an object of the present invention to provide a vegetation mat for greening, in which seeds can be prevented from drying, and as a result, uneven germination and growth are unlikely to occur, and invasive vegetation is easily established.

[0007]

The technical measures taken by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems are as follows. That is, in the first aspect of the present invention, a sheet-like thin cotton is laminated on one side of the net, and a coarse fiber layer is laminated on the thin cotton to constitute a vegetation mat for greening.

[0008] According to the second aspect of the present invention, a sheet-like thin cotton is laminated on one side of a net, a fertilizer bag is adhered on the thin cotton at appropriate intervals, and a coarse fiber layer is attached to the fertilizer. Vegetation mats for greening are formed by laminating the bags so that they are covered.

The vegetation mat for revegetation according to the first and second aspects of the present invention is laid on a soil surface such as a slope with a coarse fiber layer facing down, and is fixed to the soil surface with a skewer penetrating a net. Fixed. Then, due to rainfall, the thin cotton and coarse fiber layers become heavy with water, the thin cotton peels off from the net, and the coarse fiber layer under the thin cotton adheres to the soil surface and the coarse fiber layer It is covered with light cotton to prevent movement and drying of the coarse fiber layer.

Therefore, the movement of the top soil, plant seeds, fertilizers and the like is prevented, and the coarse fiber layer is covered with the thin cotton having high water retention, so that the double water retention function by the thin cotton and the coarse fiber layer is achieved. Is exhibited, so that the drying of the plant seeds due to the drying of the coarse fiber layer is prevented, and as a result, the occurrence of uneven germination and uneven growth is reliably suppressed. In addition, the presence of the coarse fiber layer increases the number of voids in the vegetation mat, so that plant seeds and invasive vegetation that fly from the outside are also likely to be fixed.

In particular, in the vegetation mat for greening according to the second aspect of the present invention, since the fertilizer bag is adhered to the thin cotton, the net and the fertilizer bag are in a state where the thin cotton comes off from the net due to rainfall. The mechanical connection is lost, and it adheres well to the soil surface. For example, in a greening vegetation mat in which a tubular part is knitted in a net and fertilizer bags are stored, the position of the fertilizer bag is always restricted by the net, so even if thin cotton falls off the net, the fertilizer The bag is supported by the net, and if there is a concave portion on the soil surface, the fertilizer bag does not adhere to the concave portion, but becomes a floating state.
In the vegetation mat for greening according to the invention described in (1), such inconvenience does not occur.

When the coarse fiber layer does not support a vegetation base such as plant seeds and fertilizers, the plant seeds are sown in advance on a soil surface such as a slope, and then covered with a planting seedling. The vegetation mat will be installed, and plant seeds flying from the outside will be attached to the thin cotton and coarse fiber layers of the vegetation mat to germinate and grow. When the vegetation base material is supported on the coarse fiber layer as in the invention described in Item 3, it is possible to save time and effort for seeding on the soil surface such as a slope, and it is possible to reduce the time required for plant seeds and invasion. Greening can be performed without depending on vegetation.

The present invention is not limited to the material of the coarse fiber,
As the invention according to claim 4, as coarse fibers, wood wool fibers, coconut fibers, pulverized materials of woody construction waste and pruned branches of trees, corrosive fibers such as grasses represented by straws and reeds,
It is very effective to select at least one of the linear or band-shaped biodegradable plastic fibers in maintaining the natural environment. It is convenient in terms of resource utilization because it can be obtained in large quantities and at low cost by using the thinned timber and fallen trees that are in trouble.

The fertilizer bags may be scattered in small shapes. However, if the fertilizer bags are formed in a belt shape, when the vegetation mat for greening is installed on the slope, the belt-shaped fertilizer bags will follow the contour lines. By arranging the vegetation mat in this manner, the band-shaped fertilizer bag in close contact with the slope functions as a fence for suppressing runoff of the surface soil, which is convenient.

The vegetation base material may be a plant seed alone, but is a mixture of the plant seed and at least one of a fertilizer, a water retention material, and a soil improvement material as described in claim 5. Is preferable for promoting germination and growth of the plant seed.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of a vegetation mat 1 for greening according to the present invention, and FIG.

The vegetation mat 1 has a coarse net 2
The sheet-like thin cotton 3 is laminated on one side of the above, and the coarse fiber 4 is bonded on the thin cotton 3 with a water-soluble adhesive, and the coarse fiber layer 6 accumulated in a mat shape is laminated. .

The net 2 is made of a simple substance such as polyethylene, biodegradable plastic, natural fiber or a combination thereof, and is manufactured by means of Russell weave, entangled weave, plain weave, heat fusion, or the like. The mesh is set to a coarse mesh that does not hinder the germination of plant seeds or the growth of germs, for example, a mesh of about 1.5 cm × 2 cm. In the above-mentioned combination method, there is a method in which the warp or / and weft is limited to any one of the single fibers, and the knitting is repeated every other or every several yarns, and this is repeated. For example, every other biodegradable plastic yarn may be used as a jute yarn of natural fibers, and the other yarns may be used every other yarn.

Specifically, in this example, as shown in FIG. 1, the net 2 is made of a flat yarn 3 of polyethylene.
15.7mm × 20m for 100-1000 denier
m, a base net 2A made of Russell weave, and a reinforcing net 2B in which polyethylene monofilaments 500 to 1300 denier are knitted to a size of 50 mm x 50 mm.
And a two-layer structure. In addition, as another embodiment of the net 2, at least one of the warp and the weft constituting the net is made of natural fibers, for example, jute fibers and biodegradable plastic yarns, and the warp or the weft in the case of Russell weave. In some cases, a net having a mesh length of 3 to 25 mm is knitted as a constituent yarn of the net (by simply inserting into the chain of the natural fiber). (About 2 years) Functions as a reinforcing material. Alignment or insertion of biodegradable yarns may be inserted every other or several yarns constituting the net.

The sheet-like thin cotton 3 is made of, for example, thin cotton of chemical fiber such as polyester or thin cotton (2
5 to 30 g / m ² ) in the form of a sheet,
It is configured to disperse earlier due to moisture.

The sheet-like thin cotton 3 and the net 2 are
Is a fluffy net 2 made of palm fiber or palm hair, and a sheet-like thin cotton 3
Can be integrated by pressing the fibers with a roller or the like to entangle the fibers of the thin cotton 3 with the net 2. In this example, since the net 2 is made of polyethylene as described above, the net 2 2 are sprayed with a liquid water-soluble adhesive such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and the thin cotton 3 is attached to the two to integrate the two.

The raw material of the coarse fiber 4 is wood wool fiber, coconut fiber, crushed wood construction waste or pruned branches of trees, corrosive fibers such as straws and reeds such as herbs, linear or band-like. A single or a combination of biodegradable plastic fibers can be selected and used.

The coarse fiber layer 6 is formed by adhering the coarse fibers 4 to each other with a powdery, fibrous, or liquid water-soluble adhesive, and pressing with a pressure roller to obtain an arbitrary thickness (for example, 2 to 3).
(Approximately 0 mm) in a mat shape, which is bonded to the thin cotton 3 by the water-soluble adhesive and integrated with the thin cotton 3.

More specifically, in this example, the coarse fibers 4 have a width of 1.0 mm, a length of 10 to 100 mm, and a thickness of 0.1 mm.
About 100 g / m ² of wool fiber cut to 1.0 mm is used. As a water-soluble adhesive, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) that does not exhibit an adhesive function in a dry state
Powder (100 mesh) is used by developing a bonding function by passing through a temporary wet atmosphere.

For example, as shown in FIG. 2A, the vegetation mat 1 can be used for plant seeds 1 on a soil surface such as a slope.
After the seeds 2 are sowed and fertilizers or soil amendments are sprayed as necessary, they are laid with the coarse fiber layer 6 down so as to cover them, and are fixed with the stopper skewers 13 penetrating the net 2.

The rain or water sprinkling after the construction of the vegetation mat 1 causes the thin cotton 3 and the coarse fiber layer 6 to become heavily containing water and to dissolve the water-soluble adhesive, thereby releasing the bonding. As shown in (B), the thin cotton 3 is peeled off from the net 2, and the coarse fiber layer 6 under the thin cotton 3 comes into close contact with the soil surface, and the coarse fiber layer 6 has a high water retention property. 3, the movement and drying of the coarse fiber layer 6 are prevented.

Therefore, movement of the top soil, plant seeds 12, fertilizers and the like is prevented, and the coarse fiber layer 6 is covered with the highly water-retentive thin cotton 3, so that the thin cotton 3 and the coarse fiber layer 6 Since the double water retention function is exhibited, the drying of the plant seeds 12 due to the drying of the coarse fiber layer 6 is prevented, and as a result, the occurrence of uneven germination and uneven growth is reliably suppressed. . In addition, the presence of the coarse fiber layer 6 increases the number of voids in the vegetation mat 1, so that plant seeds and invasive vegetation that fly from the outside are also likely to be fixed. Since the coarse fibers 4 are corrosive fibers such as wood wool fibers or biodegradable plastics, they are eventually assimilated with soil by corrosion and decomposition and used as fertilizers.

When a water-soluble adhesive is used, the water-soluble adhesive is melted by rainfall and the coarse fibers 4 are disjoined from each other, so that the coarse fibers 4 become more loose. Although it is more preferable in terms of germination and growth of plant seeds, for example, ethylene glycol bi-emulsion, acrylic vinegar bi-emulsion or the like is mixed with the above water-soluble adhesive, and these adhesives are mixed with the coarse fibers 4 for vegetation. The mat 1 may be formed. In this case, since a water-insoluble film is formed on the surface of the adhesive, the bonding of the coarse fibers 4 is not released for a long time.

FIG. 3 shows another example of a vegetation mat 1 for greening according to the present invention, which is characterized in that a vegetation base material A is adhered and supported on a coarse fiber layer 6 with a water-soluble adhesive. . The vegetation base material A may be only the plant seed 12, but in this example, the vegetation base material A includes the plant seed 12 and the fertilizer 1
4. A mixture of at least one of a water retention material 15 and a soil improvement material 16 is used.

When the vegetation mat 1 is used, the vegetation base material A is supported on the coarse fiber layer 6, so that it is possible to save time and effort for seeding the soil surface such as a slope on site.
Greening can be performed without relying on incoming plant seeds or invasive vegetation.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show another example of the vegetation mat 1 for greening according to the present invention, and FIGS. 6 and 7 show examples of application of the vegetation mat 1. FIG.

The vegetation mat 1 has a coarse net 2
A sheet-like thin cotton 3 is laminated on one side of the above, and a band-shaped fertilizer bag 19 is placed on the thin cotton 3 at an appropriate interval (for example, 20 to 20).
100 cm), and a coarse fiber layer 6 in which the coarse fibers 4 are adhered to each other with a water-soluble adhesive and accumulated in a mat shape,
The fertilizer bag 19 is laminated so as to be covered, and the vegetation base material A is adhered and supported on the coarse fiber layer 6 with a water-soluble adhesive. The vegetation base material A may be only the plant seed 12, but in this example,
As the vegetation base material A, a mixture of a plant seed 12 and at least one of a fertilizer 14, a water retention material 15, and a soil improvement material 16 is used.

The illustrated fertilizer bag 19 is obtained by laminating a thick nonwoven fabric 19a and a thin nonwoven fabric 19b each having a width of 5 cm, and is filled with a fertilizer 20 mainly containing a slow-acting fertilizer. In this example, the central part in the width direction of the fertilizer bag 19 is attached so that the internal fertilizer 20 does not easily move.

The net 2 is made of a single material such as polyethylene, biodegradable plastic, natural fiber, or a combination thereof, as in the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. Coarse mesh, produced by means of entangled weaving, plain weaving, heat fusion, etc., so as not to hinder the germination of plant seeds and the growth of seedlings, for example, 1.5
The mesh size is set to about cm × 2 cm.

More specifically, in this example, as shown in FIG. 5, the net 2 is made of a flat yarn 3 of polyethylene.
15.7mm × 20m for 100-1000 denier
m, a base net 2A made of Russell weave, and a reinforcing net 2B in which polyethylene monofilaments 500 to 1500 denier are knitted into a mesh of 50 mm × 50 mm.
And a two-layer structure.

The sheet-like thin cotton 3 is described with reference to FIGS.
As in the embodiment described above, for example, chemical
Thin cotton fiber, thin cotton such as soup or rayon (25-30g
/ M ^Two) In the form of a sheet.
It is configured to disperse early.

The sheet-like thin cotton 3 and the net 2 are
Is a fluffy net 2 made of palm fiber or palm hair, and a sheet-like thin cotton 3
Can be integrated by pressing the fibers with a roller or the like to entangle the fibers of the thin cotton 3 with the net 2. In this example, since the net 2 is made of polyethylene as described above, the net 2 2 are sprayed with a liquid water-soluble adhesive such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and the thin cotton 3 is attached to the two to integrate the two.

The fertilizer bags 19 are adhered to the thin cotton 3 at substantially equal intervals using a water-soluble adhesive or the like.

As the material of the coarse fiber 4, as in the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3, typical examples include wood wool fiber, coconut fiber, wood construction waste, pulverized material of pruned branches, straw and reed. A single or a combination of corrosive fibers such as herbs and biodegradable plastic fibers in a linear or band shape can be selected and used.

The coarse fiber layer 6 adheres the coarse fibers 4 to each other with a powdery, fibrous, or liquid water-soluble adhesive as in the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. Press to a desired thickness (for example, about 2 to 30 mm)
And is integrated with the thin cotton 3 by the water-soluble adhesive.

Specifically, in this example, the coarse fibers 4 have a width of 1.0 mm, a length of 10 to 100 mm, and a thickness of 0.1 mm.
About 100 g / m ² of wool fiber cut to 1.0 mm is used. As a water-soluble adhesive, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) that does not exhibit an adhesive function in a dry state
Powder (100 mesh) is used by developing a bonding function by passing through a temporary wet atmosphere.

For example, as shown in FIG. 6A, the vegetation mat 1 is laid on a soil surface such as a slope with the coarse fiber layer 6 down, and the skewer 1 penetrating the net 2.
Fixed at 3. When the construction target is a slope, it is desirable to install the vegetation mat 1 so that the band-shaped fertilizer bag 19 is along the contour line as shown in the figure. If installed in this manner, the band-shaped fertilizer bag 19 that is in close contact with the slope will function as a fence that suppresses runoff of the surface soil.

The rain or water sprinkling after the construction of the vegetation mat 1 causes the thin cotton 3 and the coarse fiber layer 6 to become heavily containing water and to dissolve the water-soluble adhesive, thereby releasing the joint.
As shown in (B), the thin cotton 3 peels off from the net 2, and the coarse fiber layer 6 under the thin cotton 3 comes into close contact with the soil surface, and the coarse fiber layer 6 has a high water retention property. The movement of the coarse fiber layer 6 and the drying thereof are prevented by being covered with the cotton 3.

Accordingly, the movement of the top soil and the vegetation base material A is prevented, and the coarse fiber layer 6 is covered with the thin cotton 3 having high water retention, so that the thin cotton 3 and the coarse fiber layer 6 form a double layer. Since the water-retaining function is exhibited, the drying of the plant seeds 12 due to the drying of the coarse fiber layer 6 is prevented, and as shown in FIGS. The material A mixes with the surface soil deposited and deposited on the coarse fibers 4 and is moderately covered with soil. As a result, the occurrence of uneven germination and growth is surely suppressed, and greening protection such as slopes is performed well. It is. In addition, the presence of the coarse fiber layer 6 increases the number of voids in the vegetation mat 1, so that plant seeds and invasive vegetation that fly from the outside are also likely to be fixed. Since the coarse fibers 4 are corrosive fibers such as wood wool fibers or biodegradable plastics, they are eventually assimilated with soil by corrosion and decomposition and used as fertilizers.

In the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7, since the vegetation base material A is supported on the coarse fiber layer 6,
Although it is possible to save time and effort for seeding on a soil surface such as a slope and to perform greening without depending on flying plant seeds or invasive vegetation, when seeding locally, the vegetation base material A
It is also possible to carry out without carrying.

FIG. 8 shows another example of a vegetation mat 1 for greening according to the present invention, in which fertilizer bags 19 are formed in a small shape of, for example, about 5 cm square, and are scattered at appropriate intervals. There is a feature. Other configurations and manufacturing methods are described in FIGS.
The description is omitted because it is the same as the vegetation mat 1 described in (1).

[0047]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Adhesion to the soil surface is very good, surface soil, plant seeds, can reliably prevent the movement of fertilizers, and moreover, has a high water retention function, can prevent the drying of plant seeds, these results,
It is possible to realize a vegetation mat for greening, in which uneven germination and growth are unlikely to occur and invasive vegetation is easily established.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a vegetation mat for greening.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of construction of the vegetation mat of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of another vegetation mat.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of another vegetation mat.

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the configuration of the vegetation mat of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a construction example of the vegetation mat of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the vegetation mat of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of another vegetation mat.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... vegetation mat, 2 ... net, 3 ... thin cotton, 4 ... coarse fiber, 6 ... coarse fiber layer, 19 ... fertilizer bag, A ... vegetation base material.

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Nobuyuki Takada One of 583 Takao, Tsuyama-shi, Okayama Pref. Shinsei Sangyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Komashi 590-1 Takao, Tsuyama-shi, Okayama Pref. (72) Inventor Yukinobu Kimura 590-1 Takao, Tsuyama City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan (72) Inventor Motofumi Matsumoto 590-1 Takao, Tsuyama City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan Japan Vegetation Co., Ltd. (72) Mitsuo Taniguchi, Inventor 590-1 Takao, Tsuyama City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan Nippon Vegetation Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Mikami Sakate 583-1, Takao, Tsuyama City, Okayama Prefecture F-term (reference) 2B022 AB02 AB04 BA12 BA14 BA23 BB02 2B051 AA02 AB01 AC02 BA16 CB06 CB24 CB25 CB26 CB29 CB35 2D044 DA13

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A vegetation mat for greening, comprising a sheet of thin cotton laminated on one side of a net, and a coarse fiber layer laminated on the thin cotton. 2. A sheet-like thin cotton is laminated on one side of a net, fertilizer bags are adhered on the thin cotton at appropriate intervals, and a coarse fiber layer is laminated so as to cover the fertilizer bag. A vegetation mat for greening. 3. The vegetation mat for greening according to claim 1, wherein the vegetation base material is supported on the coarse fiber layer. 4. Coarse fiber is wood wool fiber, coconut fiber, crushed material of woody construction waste material or pruned branches of trees, corrosive fiber such as straws and reeds, and linear or strip biodegradation. 4. It is at least one of conductive plastic fibers.
A vegetation mat for greening described in any one of the above. 5. The vegetation mat for greening according to claim 3, wherein the vegetation base material is a mixture of a plant seed and at least one of a fertilizer, a water retention material, and a soil improvement material.