JP2002129570A - Vegetation mat - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vegetation mat which shows heat insulating and moisture-retentive functions, having the heightened effect of preventing the run-off of surface, soil, and bringing about the favorable growth of potential natural vegetation and introduced vegetation. SOLUTION: The vegetation mat 1 is constituted in such a manner that at least one kind of vegetation materials 4 such as seeds, a fertilizer, a soil conditioner and a plant growth promoter is stuck to a covering material 2 which has an opening size permitting the seed of a plant to be sprouted through an opening or undergoes a weakening with time so as to permit the seed to be sprouted through the opening. Coarse fibers 3 are disposed in at least one of the surface, backside and inside of the vegetation mat 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vegetation mat used for protecting vegetation on a ground surface such as a hillside slope and a cut-through slope.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As the above-mentioned vegetation mat, a vegetation mat in which a paper sheet in which seeds are sandwiched on a net made of polyethylene or the like has been previously proposed has been proposed.

According to the vegetation mat having such a configuration, the seeds sandwiched between the paper sheets can germinate and grow due to rainfall, protect the ground, and achieve greening. Is used in a wide range of fields.

[0004]

However, the vegetation mat having the above-described structure has room for improvement in that the functions of keeping heat and moisture are low, and when the rainfall is concentrated, the seeds are removed together with the topsoil. Was washed away and uniform greening could not be achieved.

[0005] From the above, the present invention has been devoted to devising a technique for demonstrating a function of heat retention and moisture retention and for effectively suppressing runoff of topsoil. The present invention is based on this technique. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vegetation mat that has been completed and has a higher effect of preventing topsoil from spilling out and has good growth of latent vegetation and introduced vegetation.

[0006] From another viewpoint, the present invention provides a vegetation mat having not only a function of retaining heat and moisture, but also a function of absorbing impact of raindrops or a function of fitting to irregularities on the ground surface. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vegetation mat which appropriately has a function of suppressing runoff of topsoil, a function of mitigating a raindrop guard, and a function of fitting to the unevenness of the ground surface.

[0007]

That is, the present invention provides seeds, fertilizers, soils, and the like which are intended to allow plant seeds to germinate or to be vulnerable over time to permit germination. A vegetation mat formed by attaching at least one vegetation material such as an improving material or a plant growth promoter is characterized in that coarse fibers are arranged on at least one of the front, back and inside of the vegetation mat. (Claim 1).

[0008] In addition, a coating material that has the purpose of permitting the seeds to germinate or is vulnerable over time to allow germination is added to vegetation such as seeds, fertilizers, soil improvement materials, and plant growth promoters. In a vegetation mat formed by mixing or adhering one or more of the materials to the second covering material or adhering or sandwiching the plurality of the materials, at least one of the front surface, the back surface, and the inside of the vegetation mat has coarse fibers. Is characterized by the fact that is arranged (claim 2).

[0009] The seed, fertilizer, soil improving material, plant growth promoter, or a plurality of coating materials which have the purpose of allowing the seeds to germinate or which are weakened over time to allow germination. In a vegetation mat constituted by sandwiching one or more of the vegetation materials such as described above, coarse fibers are arranged on at least one of the front surface, the back surface, and the inside of the vegetation mat (claim 3).

When the coarse fibers are arranged on the front surface, a vegetation mat having a function to reduce the impact of raindrops can be obtained due to the elasticity of the coarse fibers. When the coarse fibers are arranged on the back surface, Since the coarse fibers enter the recesses on the ground surface, it is possible to obtain a vegetation mat that can be easily fitted to the unevenness on the ground surface.

[0011] When the coarse fibers are compounded and arranged at a plurality of locations on the front, back and inside of the vegetation mat, a vegetation mat having the above functions can be obtained. According to the present invention, since the vegetation mat has a function of keeping heat and moisture by coarse fibers,
It is possible to obtain a vegetation mat in which the introduced plant has an effect of germinating and growing better.

As the coarse fibers, for example, at least one of plant foliage such as wood wool, wood chips, shredder dust, straw, broken bark, and fibers broken cloth is selected (claim 5). When a material derived from a tree, such as shredder dust or shredded bark, is selected, the porosity of the fiber itself contributes to heat retention and humidity control, and is therefore beneficial and beneficial to plant growth. Among them, wood wool
The effect obtained from the above operation is the highest and desirable.

[0013] Further, as a covering material which has a measure to allow the seeds to germinate or which is weakened with time and allows germination, palm nets using coconut fiber which is a corrosive plant fiber may be used. Non-woven fabrics in which fibers are easily dispersed by coconut mat, hessian cloth (hemp cloth), straw straw, thin cotton, fiber waste mat, water, for example, non-woven fabrics containing PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) fibers, and PVA films ,
Paper, especially water-disintegrated paper, is preferably used, but it may be a biodegradable or corrosion-resistant synthetic resin fiber net or film, and the desired vegetation mat strength can be obtained from these coating materials. As described above.

It is also preferable to provide a bag containing at least one of vegetation materials such as seeds, fertilizers, soil improving materials, and plant growth promoters on at least one of the front, back and inside of the vegetation mat. (Claim 4). At least in the case of selecting seeds, it becomes possible to accommodate acorn-shaped large tree seeds that cannot be directly stuck and accommodated in a bag. When at least fertilizer is selected, large fertilizer that cannot be directly adhered can be accommodated, and a large amount of fertilizer can be introduced. In addition, when at least a soil improving material is selected, if an acid neutralizing material is contained, it is possible to improve a strongly acidic soil. The bag body can be appropriately selected, such as a small bag shape or a tubular shape.

When the target area for vegetation protection is a snowy area,
In order to prevent damage due to avalanches and frost heaves, it is preferable to provide a reinforcing net on the uppermost layer, and to make this reinforcing net a material having a higher tensile strength than the covering material below it.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a protection state of a ground surface (a slope in this embodiment, hereinafter referred to as a slope) N, and FIGS. 2 to 4 show examples of various configurations.

The vegetation mat 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is, for example, about 1 m in width × 5 m in length, and is manufactured as follows. That is, first, while spraying the coarse fibers 3 on the covering material 2 which has a measure to allow the seeds to germinate or which is weakened with time and allows germination, for example, a water-soluble glue material Depending on the predetermined thickness (for example, 1 to 10 m
m), seed 4a, fertilizer 4b, soil improvement material 4b,
One or more of the vegetation materials 4 of the plant growth promoter 4b,
For example, it is stuck with a water-soluble glue material.

As another configuration example, the vegetation mat 1 shown in FIG.
First, while spraying the coarse fibers 3 on the coating material 2 which has a texture that allows the seeds to pass through the plant seeds or is weakened over time and allows the seeds to pass through, for example, a water-soluble paste material A predetermined thickness (for example, 1 to 10 mm), and one or more vegetation materials 4 such as seeds 4a, fertilizers 4b, soil improvement materials 4b, and plant growth promoters 4b. The coating material 2 'is adhered by, for example, a water-soluble glue material.

As another configuration example, the vegetation mat 1 shown in FIG. 4 has a measure to allow the seeds to germinate first, or a coating material 2 which is weakened over time and allows germination. While the coarse fibers 3 are being scattered, they are adhered to a predetermined thickness (for example, 1 to 10 mm) with, for example, a water-soluble glue material, and seeds 4a, fertilizers 4b, soil improvement materials 4b, plant growth promoters, etc. One or more of the vegetation materials 4b are sprayed with one or more of them, and the second covering material 2 'is installed and sandwiched.

The vegetation mat 1 completed as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 is turned upside down and stretched on a slope.

The covering materials 2 and 2 ′ are made of coconut nets or palm mats using coconut fibers which are corrosive plant fibers, hessian cloth (hemp woven cloth), straw mats, thin cotton, fiber waste mats,
Nonwoven fabric in which fibers are easily dispersed by water, for example, P
Non-woven fabric containing VA (polyvinyl alcohol) fiber,
PVA films and papers, especially water-disintegrated papers, are preferably used, but nets or films made of biodegradable or corrosion-resistant synthetic resin fibers may be used. May be appropriately selected and used so as to obtain the desired strength. At this time, if there is a concern that the passage of the germ is difficult depending on the product, small holes, cuts, slits and the like may be formed.

As the coarse fibers 3, at least one of wood wool, wood chips, shredder dust, plant foliage such as straw, broken bark, and cloth broken fibers are preferably used. Of these, wool, wood chips and bark can be obtained at low cost by using thinned wood and fallen timber.

In FIG. 1, when protecting the vegetation on the slope N, the sticking surface of the vegetation material 4 of the vegetation mat 1 having the above structure is directed to the slope, and the slope N
And anchors 5 are installed as appropriate.

When seeds such as exotic grass and trees are selected as one of the vegetation base materials 4, uniform greening is achieved at an early stage. In addition, when seeds are not introduced and germination and growth of buried seeds are expected, the effect of preventing topsoil runoff is high, and the effect of keeping heat and moisture is high. Greening by latent vegetation can be achieved. When a fertilizer, a soil improving material, or a plant growth promoter is selected as the vegetation base material 4, it is suitable for promoting the growth of introduced plants and latent vegetation. As the fertilizer, immediate-acting or slow-acting or a mixed fertilizer thereof is used. Vermiculite or a highly water-absorbing resin, which enhances the fertilizing power and water retaining power, is used as the soil improving material. Commercially available germination promoters and the like are used as the plant growth promoter.

As a mode of arranging the coarse fibers 3, a mode in which the coarse fibers 3 are arranged on the surface of the vegetation mat 1, or conversely, it may be arranged on the back surface of the vegetation mat 1. Also,
As shown in FIG. 1, the vegetation mat 1 may be disposed inside the vegetation mat 1, or may be disposed at a plurality of locations.

In particular, when targeting a snow-covered area, the vegetation mat 1 may be covered with a reinforcing net (for example, a geogrid made of synthetic resin or a metal net made of synthetic resin) having a higher tensile strength than the covering material 2 provided therein. It is preferable in preventing damage due to avalanches and frost heaves.

This reinforcing net is used to connect the vegetation mat 1 to the slope N
After being laid on the vegetation mat 1, the vegetation mat 1 is installed so as to cover the vegetation mat 1 and is fixed by, for example, an anchor, but may be fixed to the vegetation mat 1 in advance. While the adjacent vegetation mat 1
May be connected to each other, and key points may be fixed to the slope N with anchors.

Alternatively, as a mode in which the coarse fibers 3 are disposed on the upper surface of the covering material 2, the vegetation mat 1 may be disposed on the slope N, and the coarse fibers 3 may be disposed thereon. At this time, this coarse fiber 3
May be in the form of an arrangement covering the.

In any arrangement, in addition to the coarse fibers 3 having a function of keeping heat and moisture, when the coarse fibers 3 are arranged on the surface of the vegetation mat 1, the elasticity of the coarse fibers 3 prevents the raindrops. It is possible to obtain the vegetation mat 1 having a function to reduce the impact. When the coarse fibers 3 are arranged on the back surface of the vegetation mat 1, the coarse fibers 5 enter the concave portions of the slope N, so that the slopes It is possible to obtain the vegetation mat 1 that can easily fit into the unevenness of N.

In the case where the coarse fibers 3 are compounded and arranged at a plurality of locations on the front, back and inside of the vegetation mat 1,
The vegetation mat 1 having the above functions can be obtained. In any case, since the vegetation mat 1 has a function of keeping warm and moisturized by the coarse fibers 3, the introduced plant germinates and grows better. The vegetation mat 1 that produces the effect can be obtained.

It is also preferable to provide a bag containing at least one of vegetation materials such as seeds, fertilizers, soil conditioners, and plant growth promoters on at least one of the front, back and inside of the vegetation mat 1. is there. At least in the case of selecting seeds, it becomes possible to accommodate acorn-shaped large tree seeds that cannot be directly stuck and accommodated in a bag. When at least fertilizer is selected, large fertilizer that cannot be directly adhered can be accommodated, and a large amount of fertilizer can be introduced. In addition, when at least a soil improving material is selected, if an acid neutralizing material is contained, it is possible to improve a strongly acidic soil. The bag may be made of any material that allows seeds to germinate and elute fertilizers. For example, a nonwoven fabric can be selected. It can be appropriately selected from a small bag shape, a tubular shape, or the like. The cover material 2 may be provided with a bag housing section, may be directly fixed with adhesive or staples, or may be sandwiched between the coating materials 2 and 2 ′. May be.

When the vegetation mat 1 is used in combination with a reinforcing net having a narrow width of about 50 cm, the front surface of the knitting fence can be used as a greening belt.

[0033]

As described above, according to the present invention,
In addition to exhibiting the function of heat retention and moisture retention, it has a higher effect of preventing topsoil from erosion, has good growth of latent vegetation and introduced vegetation, and also has another function to reduce the impact of raindrops or to fit unevenness on the ground surface. Furthermore, a vegetation mat provided with a vegetation mat having the function of suppressing the runoff of the topsoil, the function of mitigating the protection of raindrops, and the function of fitting to the unevenness of the ground surface as appropriate is provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing how a vegetation mat protects a slope.

FIG. 2 is a configuration example of a vegetation mat.

FIG. 3 is a configuration example of a vegetation mat.

FIG. 4 is a configuration example of a vegetation mat.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Vegetation mat, 2 ・ 2 ′: Coating material, 3: Coarse fiber, 4
... Vegetation base material, 5 ... Anchor

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A vegetation such as a seed, a fertilizer, a soil improving material, a plant growth promoter, or the like, which has a purpose of permitting the seeds to germinate or is vulnerable over time to allow germination. A vegetation mat formed by attaching one or more of materials to the vegetation mat, wherein coarse fibers are disposed on at least one of a front surface, a back surface, and an inside of the vegetation mat. 2. A vegetation such as a seed, a fertilizer, a soil improving material, a plant growth promoter, or the like, which is intended to allow the seeds to germinate or to be weakened with time to allow germination. In a vegetation mat formed by mixing or adhering one or more of the materials to the second covering material or adhering or sandwiching the plurality of the materials, at least one of the front surface, the back surface, and the inside of the vegetation mat has coarse fibers. A vegetation mat characterized by disposing. 3. A seed, a fertilizer, a soil improving material, a plant growth promoting agent, which comprises a plurality of covering materials which have a purpose of allowing the seeds to germinate or which are weakened with time to allow germination. A vegetation mat comprising at least one of vegetation materials sandwiched between the vegetation mats, wherein coarse fibers are disposed on at least one of the front surface, the back surface, and the inside of the vegetation mat. 4. A bag body containing at least one of vegetation materials such as seeds, fertilizers, soil improvement materials, and plant growth promoters is provided on at least one of the front, back and inside of the vegetation mat. The vegetation mat according to claim 1. 5. The vegetation mat according to claim 1, wherein the coarse fiber is at least one of plant foliage such as wood wool, wood chips, shredder dust, straw, broken bark, and fiber broken.