JP2000511866A - 微粒子を生成せずに、無毒、無臭かつ無色のガスを発生させる点火式のガス発生方法 - Google Patents
微粒子を生成せずに、無毒、無臭かつ無色のガスを発生させる点火式のガス発生方法Info
- Publication number
- JP2000511866A JP2000511866A JP10500594A JP50059498A JP2000511866A JP 2000511866 A JP2000511866 A JP 2000511866A JP 10500594 A JP10500594 A JP 10500594A JP 50059498 A JP50059498 A JP 50059498A JP 2000511866 A JP2000511866 A JP 2000511866A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- nitrate
- propellant
- eutectic melt
- eutectic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
- B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
- B60R21/26—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow
- B60R21/268—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow using instantaneous release of stored pressurised gas
- B60R21/272—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow using instantaneous release of stored pressurised gas with means for increasing the pressure of the gas just before or during liberation, e.g. hybrid inflators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
- B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
- B60R21/26—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow
- B60R21/264—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow using instantaneous generation of gas, e.g. pyrotechnic
- B60R21/2644—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow using instantaneous generation of gas, e.g. pyrotechnic using only solid reacting substances, e.g. pellets, powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
- C06B21/005—By a process involving melting at least part of the ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/32—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.微粒子をほとんど生成せずに、無毒、無臭かつ無色のガスを発生させる点火 式のガス発生方法において、 a)排出口を備えた密閉室を有するガス発生装置を設ける工程と、 b)ガス発生に有効な量の硝酸アンモニウム(AN)と、硝酸アミノグアニジ ン(AGN)と硝酸グアニジン(GN)のうち少なくとも一方、及び安定性に有 効な量のポリビニルアルコール(PVA)と、硝酸カリウム(KN)又は過塩素 酸カリウム(KP)の少なくとも一方と、からなる共融溶解物の固形推進薬剤を 、ガスの原材料として前記密閉室内に配置する工程と、 c)前記固形の共融溶解物を、前記共融溶解物の推進薬剤を点火するための手 段としても別個に設け、この共融溶解物は、前記耐圧性密閉室が急激な減速を受 けたことを検知すると前記共融溶解物の固形推進薬剤に点火し、それによってガ スを瞬時に発生させ前記密閉室の前記排出口を抜けて流す工程と、 を備えたことを特徴とする、微粒子をほとんど生成せずに、無毒、無臭かつ無色 のガスを発生させる点火式のガス発生方法。 2.前記ガス発生装置に関連した少なくとも一つのエアバッグを装備した自動車 において実施され、発生したガスは前記排出口を抜けて流れて前記エアバッグに 入り、瞬間的に膨張させることを特徴とする請求項1記載のガス発生方法。 3.前記共融溶解物の推進薬剤は、少なくとも5重量パーセントの硝酸カリウム 又は約9重量パーセントの過塩素酸カリウムのいずれか一方と、及び少なくとも 3重量パーセントのポリビニルアルコールを含有することを特徴とする請求項2 記載のガス発生方法。 4.前記共融溶解物の推進薬剤は、温度サイクルを受けた時にひび割れしにくい 粒状の外形を呈するプレス成形ペレットであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の ガス発生方法。 5.瞬時にガスを発生させる方法において、 推進薬剤はガス発生装置の密閉室内に配置され、 急激な減速の検知に応じて前記薬剤に点火するための手段が設けられ、 点火剤は、硝酸アンモニウムと、硝酸アミノグアニジンと硝酸グアニジンのう ち少なくとも一方と、及び、安定に有効な量の少量のポリビニルアルコールと、 硝酸カリウム又は過塩素酸カリウムのいずれか一方と、からなることで改良され ていること、 を特徴とする、微粒子をほとんど生成せずに、無毒、無臭かつ無色のガスを発生 させるガス発生方法。 6.ANを酸化剤として含有したプレス成形による推進薬剤のペレットを得るた めの、推進薬剤の注入成形のプロセスにおいて、前記プレス成形されたペレット のひびや隙間を本質的に防止する方法は、 a)AN酸化剤に効果的な量のAGN及びGNの少なくとも一方を混合し、合 わせて安定性に有効な量のPVAと、KN又はKP混合物のいずれか一方の混合 物を混合する工程と、 b)前記混合物を、前記溶解物の酸化率に近いが単一物の酸化率よりも低い共 融溶解物を形成する工程と、 c)前記共融溶解物を、ひび割れしにくく、ANの段階変化が減少し、吸湿性 がある程度減少したペレットに注入型取りする工程と、 を含むことを特徴とする、混合推進薬剤の注入型取り工程。 7.前記AN酸化剤は、AGNとGNの少なくとも一方と、少なくとも約5重量 パーセントのKNと同じく5重量パーセントのPVAとが混合されていることを 特徴とする請求項6記載の推進薬剤の注入型取り工程。 8.前記AN酸化剤は、AGNとGNの少なくとも一方と、約9重量パーセント のKP、及び約5重量パーセントのPVAとが混合されていることを特徴とする 請求項6記載の推進薬剤の注入型取り工程。 9.5〜25%のTAGN又はNQを添加することによって燃焼率や圧力指数か らとらえた衝撃性に関する改質を行うことを特徴とする請求項1記載のガス発生 方法。 10.微粒子をほとんど生成せずに、無毒、無臭かつ無色のガスを発生 させるガス発生方法において、 a)排出口を備えた密閉室を有するガス発生装置を設ける工程と、 b)ガス発生に有効な量の硝酸アンモニウム(AN)と、硝酸アミノグアニジ ン(AGN)と硝酸グアニジン(GN)のうち少なくとも一方と、及び安定性に 有効な量のポリビニルアルコール(PVA)と、硝酸カリウム(KN)又は過塩 素酸カリウム(KP)の少なくとも一方からなる共融溶解物の固形状推進薬剤を 、ガスの原材料として前記密閉室内で配置する工程と、 c)前記固形共融溶解物に点火手段を備え、前記点火手段は、前記圧力密閉室 が急激な減速を受けたことを検知すると点火し、それによりガスが瞬間的に発生 し前記密閉室の前記排出口を抜けて流れる点火手段を設ける工程と、 を備えたことを特徴とする、微粒子をほとんど生成せずに、無毒、無臭かつ無色 のガスを発生させるガス発生方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/663,009 US5747730A (en) | 1995-03-31 | 1996-06-07 | Pyrotechnic method of generating a particulate-free, non-toxic odorless and colorless gas |
US08/663,009 | 1996-06-07 | ||
PCT/US1997/008308 WO1997046502A1 (en) | 1996-06-07 | 1997-05-19 | A pyrotechnic method of generating a particulate-free, non-toxic odorless and colorless gas |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2000511866A true JP2000511866A (ja) | 2000-09-12 |
JP4029194B2 JP4029194B2 (ja) | 2008-01-09 |
Family
ID=24660131
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP50059498A Expired - Lifetime JP4029194B2 (ja) | 1996-06-07 | 1997-05-19 | 微粒子を生成せずに、無毒、無臭かつ無色のガスを発生させる点火式のガス発生方法 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5747730A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0902775B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4029194B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100445302B1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU3068997A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2257355A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69732842T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1997046502A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6073438A (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 2000-06-13 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Preparation of eutectic mixtures of ammonium nitrate and amino guanidine nitrate |
DE69638135D1 (de) * | 1996-08-29 | 2010-04-08 | Atlantic Res Corp | Eutektische mischungen von ammoniumnitrat und aminoguanidin-nitrat |
US5997666A (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1999-12-07 | Atlantic Research Corporation | GN, AGN and KP gas generator composition |
US6024889A (en) | 1998-01-29 | 2000-02-15 | Primex Technologies, Inc. | Chemically active fire suppression composition |
US6045726A (en) * | 1998-07-02 | 2000-04-04 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Fire suppressant |
US6132538A (en) * | 1998-07-30 | 2000-10-17 | Autoliv Development Ab | High gas yield generant compositions |
US6136113A (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2000-10-24 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Gas generating composition |
DE19840993B4 (de) * | 1998-09-08 | 2006-03-09 | Trw Airbag Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verwendung eines gaserzeugenden Gemisches als Anzündmischung in einem Gasgenerator |
US6334917B1 (en) * | 1998-10-23 | 2002-01-01 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Propellant compositions for gas generating apparatus |
US6176517B1 (en) | 1998-10-23 | 2001-01-23 | Autoliv Aspinc. | Gas generating apparatus |
US6120626A (en) * | 1998-10-23 | 2000-09-19 | Autoliv Asp Inc. | Dispensing fibrous cellulose material |
US6017404A (en) * | 1998-12-23 | 2000-01-25 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Nonazide ammonium nitrate based gas generant compositions that burn at ambient pressure |
US6103030A (en) | 1998-12-28 | 2000-08-15 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Burn rate-enhanced high gas yield non-azide gas generants |
US6238500B1 (en) * | 1999-07-26 | 2001-05-29 | Trw Inc. | Smokeless gas generating material |
US6315930B1 (en) | 1999-09-24 | 2001-11-13 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Method for making a propellant having a relatively low burn rate exponent and high gas yield for use in a vehicle inflator |
US6277296B1 (en) * | 1999-11-30 | 2001-08-21 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Fire suppressant compositions |
US6372191B1 (en) | 1999-12-03 | 2002-04-16 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Phase stabilized ammonium nitrate and method of making the same |
US6224697B1 (en) | 1999-12-03 | 2001-05-01 | Autoliv Development Ab | Gas generant manufacture |
US6418870B1 (en) | 2000-05-31 | 2002-07-16 | Systems Engineering Associates Corporation | Torpedo launch mechanism and method |
US6436211B1 (en) | 2000-07-18 | 2002-08-20 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Gas generant manufacture |
US6547900B2 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2003-04-15 | Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. | Method of stabilizing the density of gas generant pellets containing nitroguanidine |
US6673172B2 (en) * | 2001-05-07 | 2004-01-06 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Gas generant compositions exhibiting low autoignition temperatures and methods of generating gases therefrom |
DE20111410U1 (de) * | 2001-07-10 | 2001-08-30 | Trw Airbag Sys Gmbh & Co Kg | Nitrozellulosefreie gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung |
US6755438B2 (en) | 2001-10-22 | 2004-06-29 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Elongated inflator device and method of gas production |
US20040094250A1 (en) * | 2002-11-14 | 2004-05-20 | Estes-Cox Corporation | Composite propellant compositions |
US6872265B2 (en) | 2003-01-30 | 2005-03-29 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate |
US7883108B2 (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2011-02-08 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Inflator for an airbag |
US20130068354A1 (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2013-03-21 | Slaven Domazet | Gas Generant Manufacturing Method |
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US2165263A (en) * | 1939-07-11 | Macfie holm | ||
US3613597A (en) * | 1964-01-16 | 1971-10-19 | North American Rockwell | Solid propellant grain |
US3720553A (en) * | 1969-02-07 | 1973-03-13 | Standard Oil Co | Ammonium nitrate propellant compositions |
US3739574A (en) * | 1969-12-03 | 1973-06-19 | Northrop Carolina Inc | Gas generator method and apparatus |
US3954528A (en) * | 1970-11-06 | 1976-05-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Solid gas generating and gun propellant composition containing triaminoguanidine nitrate and synthetic polymer binder |
DE2150465C3 (de) * | 1971-10-09 | 1978-05-24 | Bayern-Chemie Gesellschaft Fuer Flugchemische Antriebe Mbh, 8261 Aschau | Feststoffgasgenerator eines Aufprallschutzsystems für die Insassen eines Kraftfahrzeuges |
US4111728A (en) * | 1977-02-11 | 1978-09-05 | Jawaharlal Ramnarace | Gas generator propellants |
US4552736A (en) * | 1983-05-02 | 1985-11-12 | Olin Corporation | Potassium fluoride stabilized ammonium nitrate |
US4828633A (en) * | 1987-12-23 | 1989-05-09 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Salt compositions for explosives |
US4948438A (en) * | 1989-11-13 | 1990-08-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Intermolecular complex explosives |
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US5125684A (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1992-06-30 | Hercules Incorporated | Extrudable gas generating propellants, method and apparatus |
EP0712385B1 (en) * | 1993-08-04 | 2000-03-22 | Automotive Systems Laboratory Inc. | Law residue azide-free gas generant composition |
US5411615A (en) * | 1993-10-04 | 1995-05-02 | Thiokol Corporation | Aluminized eutectic bonded insensitive high explosive |
CA2172822A1 (en) * | 1993-10-06 | 1995-04-13 | Eduard Gast | Gas developing agent |
US5431103A (en) * | 1993-12-10 | 1995-07-11 | Morton International, Inc. | Gas generant compositions |
US5538567A (en) * | 1994-03-18 | 1996-07-23 | Olin Corporation | Gas generating propellant |
US5545272A (en) * | 1995-03-03 | 1996-08-13 | Olin Corporation | Thermally stable gas generating composition |
US5551725A (en) * | 1995-03-10 | 1996-09-03 | Ludwig; Christopher P. | Vehicle airbag inflator and related method |
AU5525996A (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1996-10-16 | Atlantic Research Corporation | An all pyrotechnic method of generating a particulate-free, non-toxic odorless and colorless gas |
US5507891A (en) * | 1995-08-11 | 1996-04-16 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Propellant composition for automotive safety applications |
-
1996
- 1996-06-07 US US08/663,009 patent/US5747730A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-05-19 WO PCT/US1997/008308 patent/WO1997046502A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-05-19 CA CA002257355A patent/CA2257355A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-05-19 EP EP97925599A patent/EP0902775B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-19 DE DE69732842T patent/DE69732842T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-19 AU AU30689/97A patent/AU3068997A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-05-19 KR KR10-1998-0709797A patent/KR100445302B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-05-19 JP JP50059498A patent/JP4029194B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20000016227A (ko) | 2000-03-25 |
KR100445302B1 (ko) | 2004-11-06 |
CA2257355A1 (en) | 1997-12-11 |
EP0902775A1 (en) | 1999-03-24 |
JP4029194B2 (ja) | 2008-01-09 |
AU3068997A (en) | 1998-01-05 |
DE69732842T2 (de) | 2006-04-06 |
EP0902775B1 (en) | 2005-03-23 |
EP0902775A4 (en) | 1999-07-21 |
WO1997046502A1 (en) | 1997-12-11 |
US5747730A (en) | 1998-05-05 |
DE69732842D1 (de) | 2005-04-28 |
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