JP2000342985A - Apparatus for crushing/selecting mixed waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for crushing/selecting mixed waste suitable for the segregation/treatment of the mixed waste. SOLUTION: An apparatus is provided with a easing 1 having a mixed waste receiving port 3, a crushing means which is installed in the casing 1, rotates a rotor having hammers 29 in the peripheral part, crushes/discharges the waste introduced through the receiving port 3 by the collaboration with a screen disposed at a position facing the rotor in the casing 1, and generates an ascending air current by the rotation of the rotor, and a suction means 7 which is connected with the casing, sucks air in the casing, and sucks/removes the light portion in the air current of the waste introduced through the receiving port which does not pass through the screen by the collaboration with the ascending air current.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mixed waste crushing / sorting device used for treating mixed waste such as dust in a dam, and more particularly to an apparatus for removing air from mixed waste. The present invention relates to a device devised so as to select and remove a light object that floats on the ground, and crush the other object into chips.

2. Description of the Related Art Various dust collects in a dam installed in a hydroelectric power plant. Examples thereof include driftwood, resin sheets such as plastic bags, and empty cans. These dam dust will be collected and processed.

[0003]

According to the above-mentioned conventional configuration, there are the following problems. As described above, various dam dust accumulates at the dam, and it is necessary to collect and treat the dust. At that time, instead of treating all of the dam dust as dust, it is separated into waste and effectively usable materials.
It is desirable to process. In this case, it is conceivable to perform an operation of separating relatively hard or large objects such as empty cans, and finally crush the remaining soft or small objects into chips to make effective use. However,
Some of the remaining soft and small items that are not suitable for effective use, such as small pieces of vinyl, are mixed, and there is a problem that these must be removed. The same applies to various mixed wastes other than dam dust.

The present invention has been made on the basis of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention to select and treat mixed waste, and in particular, to efficiently sort and remove light vinyl pieces and the like. Another object of the present invention is to provide a mixed waste crushing / sorting device capable of obtaining only effectively usable crushed pieces.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mixed waste crushing and sorting apparatus according to the present invention, comprising: a casing having a mixed waste receiving port for receiving mixed waste; And a rotary body provided with a hammer on the outer periphery is rotated, and is received via the mixed waste receiving port by a cooperative action with a screen disposed at a position in the casing facing the rotary body. Crushing means for crushing / discharging the mixed waste, and generating an upward airflow by rotation of the rotating body; and Any of the mixed waste received through the mixed waste receiving port in cooperation with the incoming air flow, which does not pass through the screen, A suction means for sucking and removing those lighter topped the airflow and is characterized by comprising a. According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mixed waste crushing / sorting apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the casing has a floating space above the crushing means. Things. Further, the mixed waste crushing / sorting device according to claim 3 is the mixed waste crushing / sorting device according to claim 1 or 2,
The mixed waste is introduced so as to collide with the airflow generated in the casing.

[0006] That is, the mixed waste crushing method according to the present invention.
The sorting device is, for example, a device that sorts and crushes mixed waste such as dam dust. It should be noted that, of course, various types of mixed waste other than dam dust can be considered as the target mixed waste. First, mixed waste is received into the casing through the mixed waste receiving port of the casing. In the casing, the rotating body is rotating, and the suction is performed by the suction means, thereby generating an air flow. By the action of this air flow, relatively light things such as vinyl pieces float from the mixed waste received from the mixed waste receiving port and are sucked and removed by the suction means. On the other hand, the falling object is crushed by the cooperative action of the hammer of the rotating body and the screen, falls into a chip shape, and falls downward. Among the crushed materials, those that do not pass through the screen but are light are suspended by the air flow and are sucked and removed. When a floating space is provided inside the casing and above the rotating body, the above-mentioned floating / suction action is effectively performed. When the mixed waste is injected so as to collide with the air flow, the floating effect by the air flow can be obtained more efficiently.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, the present invention is applied to the treatment of dust from a dam. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the overall configuration of a mixed waste crushing / sorting apparatus according to the present embodiment. First, there is a casing 1. A mixed waste receiving port 3 for receiving dam dust that has been subjected to primary separation processing by a separately installed device is formed on the upper side of the casing 1.

[0008] The above-mentioned primary separation means the work of separating large driftwood, hard empty cans, and the like from dam dust collected at the dam in advance, and this is performed by a separately installed device. Done. By doing so, small and soft things, specifically, wood pieces, twigs, grass, bamboo,
Although leaves and the like remain, resin sheets such as vinyl pieces are also mixed therein, and these are again sorted and processed by the mixed waste crushing and sorting apparatus according to the present embodiment. In this embodiment, the mixed waste that has been subjected to the primary sorting is to be treated, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be applied to a mixed waste that has not been treated at all.

The tip end of a belt conveyor mechanism 5 is inserted and arranged in the mixed waste receiving port 3. The dam dust that has been subjected to the primary separation process is transported by the belt conveyor mechanism 5 and is thrown into the casing 1.

A suction means 7 is connected to an upper portion of the casing 1. That is, a suction blower (not shown) is provided, and a suction duct 9 connected to the suction side of the suction blower is connected to the opening 11 of the casing 1. The casing 1 is suctioned by the suction means 7. By this suction, light vinyl pieces or the like on the air flow are separated and sucked / removed from the dust flowing into the dam through the mixed waste receiving port 3. Further, the mixed waste receiving port 3 described above is formed relatively large, and a large opening is formed above the belt conveyor mechanism 5. This is for effectively generating an airflow flowing from the outside air toward the suction means 7.

A blowing means 13 is attached to the casing 1 below the mixed waste receiving port 3.
The blowing means 13 includes a blowing blower 15 and a blowing duct 17 connected to the discharge side of the blowing blower 15. The outlet duct 17 is connected to an outlet 19 formed in the casing 1. By blowing air into the casing 1 by the blowing means 13 having such a configuration, the upward airflow generated by the suction means 7 is promoted, whereby the sorting action is more reliably performed. Is what you do.

A crushing device is arranged at a lower part in the casing 1. Hereinafter, the configuration of the crusher will be described. First, there is a base 21, on which a casing 23 is provided. A drive shaft 25 is provided at a center position in the casing 23. The drive shaft 25 is configured to be rotated by a drive motor (not shown). That is, the pulley 26 is fixed to one end of the drive shaft 25. On the other hand, a pulley (not shown) is also fixed to the rotation shaft of the drive motor. A belt is wound between the pulley 26 and a pulley (not shown). Therefore, when the drive motor rotates, the drive shaft 25 rotates via the pulley, belt, and pulley 26.

Also, as shown in FIG.
A plurality of disks 27 are mounted with a predetermined pitch in the axial direction. A hammer 29 is attached and fixed to each of the outer peripheral portions of each of the disks 27 at four orthogonal positions. Each of the hammers 29 is attached to the disk 27 via shaft members 31 and 33 at two locations as shown in FIG.

Looking at the shape of the hammer 29,
It can also function as a blade of a blower, and generates an airflow that goes upward from below by rotating.

A receiving blade 43 is attached to the inner peripheral surface side of the casing 23. The receiving blade 43 is formed in a so-called comb shape, and has a shape having concave portions 43a at a predetermined pitch. The above concave portions 43a are
The previously described hammer 29 will pass. Also, the gap between the tip of the hammer 29 and the bottom of the recess 43a, the hammer 2
The gap between the pair of side surfaces 9 and the pair of inner side surfaces of the recess 43a is set to a predetermined value. Then, the object to be crushed is sandwiched between the hammer 29 and the concave portion 43a, and is crushed so as to be torn there.

Further, on the inner peripheral surface side of the casing 23,
Looking at the side opposite to the receiving blade 43, another receiving blade 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 57 is attached thereto. These receiving blades 45, 47, 49, 51, 5
In the case of 3, 55 and 57, a hard material is provided on the surface. In the case of this crushing device, first, the object to be crushed is torn by the hammer 29 and the receiving blade 43, and the receiving blades 45, 47, 49, 51, 53 arranged on the opposite side are broken. , 55, 5
7 and the hammer 29 also perform a predetermined crushing action. The receiving blades 45, 47, 49, 51, 5
The part provided with 3, 55, 57 is the casing 23
Function as a cover 59 of the cover 5
By opening 9 appropriately, maintenance and inspection can be performed easily.

The receiving blade 43 will be further described.
The receiving blade 43 is movably arranged, and has a concave portion 43a.
The configuration is such that the distance between the and the hammer 29 can be adjusted as appropriate. That is, the receiving blade 43 is attached to the support member 59 by the screw member 61. This support member 59
Is movable by a screw / nut mechanism 63. Therefore, by appropriately operating the screw / nut mechanism 63, the support member 61 and thus the receiving blade 43 can be moved, and as described above, the bottom of the concave portion 43a of the receiving blade 43 and the tip of the hammer 29 can be moved. The size of the gap between them can be adjusted. This is performed when adjusting the size of the crushed pieces obtained by crushing, or when obtaining an appropriate gap depending on the type of the crushed object.

A screen 65 formed in a predetermined mesh shape is disposed below the casing 23.
The screen 65 is formed by forming a plurality of holes formed in a long hole shape at a 45-degree direction. The crushed pieces crushed by the plurality of hammers 29 and the receiving blades 43 described above are combined with the screen 6
5, and falls down through a plurality of holes of the screen 65. At this time, the plurality of hammers 29 passing over the screen 65 cause the screen 6 to move.
5 will be pushed out from the upper side to the lower side.
In addition, the linear edge of the hole performs a cutting function, whereby the crushed pieces fall below the screen 65 in a state where they are aligned to a predetermined size. That is, the screen 65 has a discharging function and a particle size adjusting function.

At the upper part of the casing 23 already described,
A crushed material receiving port 23a for receiving the crushed material (dam dust as primary mixed waste) is formed. The casing 1 described above is connected to the crushed material receiving port 23a.

The operation will be described based on the above configuration. First, the mixed waste that has been subjected to primary separation and treatment by a separately disposed device is put into the casing 1 by the belt conveyor mechanism 5. At this time, an upward airflow is generated in the casing 1. That is, the suction means 7
, The blowing by the blowing means 13, and the rotation of the disk 27 on the side of the crushing device, generate an airflow from below to above.

Light vinyl pieces or the like on the air flow are floated and removed from the mixed waste introduced by the air flow, and are sucked and removed by the suction means 7. On the other hand, the others fall directly to the crushing device side.

On the side of the crushing apparatus, the drive shaft 25 is rotated by the drive motor, whereby a plurality of disks 27 each having a hammer 29 on the outer periphery are rotated. In such a state, the falling and thrown dust is crushed into an appropriate size by the tearing action of the rotating hammer 29 and the receiving blade 43. The crushed pieces fall onto the screen 65 and fall downward through the plurality of holes of the screen 65. At that time, the rotating hammer 2
9 performs an extruding action. That is, the hammer 29 presses the crushed pieces dropped on the screen 65 from above onto the screen 65 side. Thereby, the crushed pieces on the screen 65 drop downward through the plurality of holes of the screen 65.

The crushing operation is also performed on the opposite side of the receiving blade 43. That is, the receiving blade 45 different from the hammer 29,
The crushing action is also performed by 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, and 57, and what has not been sufficiently crushed by the hammer 29 and the receiving blade 43 is repeatedly crushed. The crushed pieces that have fallen downward through the screen 65 are sucked and conveyed by a blower (not shown) and processed.

Also, of the crushed materials that have not passed through the screen 65, light ones, such as vinyl pieces and paper, float upward due to the rising airflow and are sucked and removed by the suction means 7. Become. In other words, the suction / removal action is performed at the time of dropping / injection from the belt conveyor mechanism 5, but is also performed on the crushed material that has been dropped and crushed, thereby achieving a high sorting effect. It can be demonstrated.

According to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. First, the mixed waste that has been subjected to the primary separation can be sorted and processed with higher accuracy. That is, the inside of the casing 1 is sucked by the suction means 7,
By generating an upward airflow by the rotation of 7, the light vinyl pieces and paper can be efficiently floated and sorted. In addition, the crushed crushed pieces are high quality chips that do not contain vinyl pieces, etc.
For example, it can be used as an organic fertilizer for agriculture, and when used as a flooring material for various livestock shelters, it can exhibit good moisture absorption performance and does not cause discomfort to animals. This is because the crushing is not shearing and crushing but tearing, so that a sharp cut does not remain in the crushed crushed pieces. Also, the crushed material that does not pass through the screen 65 and that is light in the air flow can be sucked and removed by floating.
Further, the receiving blade 43 is movably mounted, and the gap between the hammer 29 and the concave portion 43a can be appropriately adjusted depending on the type of the processing object, and therefore, it is suitable for various types of crushed objects. Crushing can be performed. Further, the size of the obtained crushed pieces can also be adjusted. The hammer 29 is completely fixed without swinging with respect to the disk 27. Therefore, even when the crushed object falls onto the screen 65 and is pressed downward by the hammer 29, the hammer 29 does not swing and escape, and the object to be crushed is reliably screened. 65 can be discharged below. Also, since a plurality of holes are formed in the screen 65 along the oblique direction, the inner straight portion of the edge of the hole exhibits a cutting function and the crushed pieces are well stirred. Will be crushed. As a result, crushed pieces having a uniform particle size can be obtained.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, whether or not to provide the blowing means 13 may be arbitrarily determined. Further, the configuration of the crushing device is not limited to the illustrated one, and various configurations may be considered. For example, a crushing device without a receiving blade may be used. The hammer attached to the rotating body of the crushing means may be not only a fixed one but also a swingably attached one.
Further, as described above, the target of the treatment is not limited to the primary treatment and is not limited to dam dust, but can be applied to various mixed wastes.

[0027]

As described above in detail, according to the crushing / sorting apparatus of the mixing waste section according to the present invention, light substances that float in the air stream from the mixed waste can be selected / processed with high probability.
Can be processed. At the same time, the finally obtained crushed material can be effectively used as it is.
When a floating space is provided above the crushing means in the casing, the above-mentioned floating removing action can be enhanced. In addition, when the mixed waste is injected so as to collide with the air flow, the above-mentioned floating removal action can be enhanced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing one embodiment of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view showing an entire configuration of a mixed waste crushing / sorting apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a view showing one embodiment of the present invention, and is a front sectional view of a crushing device.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
It is I-III sectional drawing.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Casing 3 Mixed waste receiving port 5 Belt conveyor mechanism 7 Suction means 13 Spraying means 25 Drive shaft 27 Disk 29 Hammer 65 Screen

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Suehiro Kobayashi 1357 Kajuku, Fujieda-shi, Shizuoka Prefecture Inside Fuji Steel Industry Co., Ltd. Reference) 4D021 FA02 FA09 GA02 GA06 GA14 GB01 GB02 HA01 4D065 AA04 AA09 BB04 BB11 EB02 EB11 EB14 EB20 ED06 ED14 ED16 ED23 ED24

Claims (3)

[Claims] A casing provided with a mixed waste receiving port for receiving the mixed waste, a rotating body disposed in the casing and having a hammer on an outer peripheral portion thereof, and rotating the rotating body in the casing. Crushing / discharging mixed waste received through the mixed waste receiving port by cooperative action with a screen disposed at a position opposed to the crusher, and generating upward airflow by rotation of the rotating body Means, and the screen of the mixed waste received through the mixed waste receiving port by cooperation of an upward air flow which is connected to the casing, suctions the inside of the casing, and is generated by rotation of the rotating body. Suction means for sucking / removing a light object that does not pass through and is on the air flow. Crushing and sorting equipment. 2. The mixed waste crushing / sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the casing has a floating space above the crushing means. 3. The mixed waste crushing / sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the mixed waste is introduced so as to collide with an air flow generated in the casing. Mixed waste crushing and sorting equipment.