KR102234951B1 - Garbage crushing and sorting apparatus of food waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for fine crushing and sorting sludge for anaerobic treatment. More specifically, the present invention relates to a fine crushing and sorting device of organic food waste which can crush and sort high-viscosity sludge with a total solid (Ts) of about 18% even without hydrolysis, and thus can completely separate foreign substances contained in the sludge from the sludge.

Description

Fine crushing and sorting apparatus for food waste TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to an apparatus for fine crushing and sorting food waste, and more particularly, crushing and sorting treatment of high viscosity food waste (sludge) in which total solids (Ts) turns 18% without hydrolysis, It relates to a crushing and sorting device capable of completely separating foreign substances contained in sludge from sludge.

In general, since most food waste (sludge) treatment methods generated at homes or restaurants rely on incineration or landfill, a lack of landfill or difficulty in securing a site has emerged as a social problem. In particular, when sludge is incinerated, it not only causes enormous energy loss, but also reduces the amount of sludge and utilizes sludge as a resource due to problems such as environmental pollution caused by a large amount of harmful substances such as dioxin generated during incineration. Development is a challenge.

Recycling of sludge solves all problems derived from sludge incineration or landfill by using sludge as compost or feed, or by fermenting or decomposing through anaerobic digestion.

The recycling of sludge consists of a process of separating and collecting the sludge and processing the collected sludge into final products according to the purpose of use through a pretreatment process according to the purpose of use.

The pretreatment process consists of a process of separating and removing foreign substances contained in sludge, and crushing a large solid substance to a size suitable for the purpose of use.

Food waste sludge contains various kinds of foreign substances such as meat bones, plastics, fibers (clothes), synthetic resins such as beverage stoppers, metals such as spoons, or wood products such as wooden chopsticks and toothpicks, and these foreign substances are final products. Although the sludge has to be sorted and removed before crushing because it degrades the quality of the material or causes new problems, there are many difficulties in sorting foreign substances.

Therefore, the applicant of the present invention uses the difference in the specific gravity and particle size between light weight foreign substances (vinyls, etc.) and weight foreign substances (animal bones, woods, plastics, metals, etc.) among foreign substances contained in food waste when shredding food waste. There has been proposed a food waste crushing and sorting device (Registration Patent 10-2017478, prior art) that can simplify the sorting operation since there is no need to perform additional sorting of foreign substances by automatically sorting them.

However, in the prior art, since the perforated plate with holes is formed only on the bottom surface of the housing, there is a problem in that the holes are easily clogged by shreds or food waste. If the hole is clogged, the crushed material cannot be discharged smoothly from the inside of the housing, so it takes a long time for the crushing process of food waste, and when the crushed material to be discharged moves to the side of the sorting blade, foreign matter mixed there can be easily separated. As a result, there is a problem in the use structure that the recovery rate of foreign matter is lowered.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-2017478

The present invention was created to solve the problems in consideration of the problems of the prior art, and crushing and sorting high-viscosity sludge in which total solids (Ts) turns 18% without hydrolysis, and foreign matter contained in the sludge It is an object of the present invention to provide a crushing and sorting device capable of completely separating from sludge.

In addition, pretreatment processes such as crushing, sorting, and foreign matter removal for anaerobic digestion of sludge can be performed at the same time to improve work efficiency, and at the same time, fine crushing of food waste that can improve the marketability of anaerobic digested recycled raw materials and Its purpose is to provide a sorting device.

The present invention is a means for achieving the above object, the sludge is introduced into the inner case and a plurality of discharge holes perforated; A main rotation shaft extending and rotating in an upward and downward direction in the inner center of the inner case; A crushing cutter that is installed on the main rotation shaft and rotates by the rotating main rotation shaft and crushes the sludge while forming an upward airflow in the inner case; An outer case installed outside the inner case and forming a sorting space through which the crushed material discharged into the discharge hole flows through a gap with the inner case; A foreign material discharge port formed at an upper end of the inner case; And an impeller installed on the upper end of the main rotating shaft and sucking foreign substances contained in sludge crushed in the inner case and discharging them to the foreign substance discharge port.

In addition, a lower portion of the inner case is provided with an input portion through which sludge is injected toward the lower portion of the inner case, and the crushing cutter is formed at a lower end of the main rotating shaft, and a plurality of lower end cutter members disposed adjacent to the lower surface of the inner case ; And a plurality of main cutter members formed above the lower cutter member.

In addition, a baffle plate is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the inner case.

In addition, each of the plurality of main cutter members is characterized in that it is arranged in a spiral path along the axial direction of the main rotation shaft.

In addition, an injection part for injecting added water into the inner case is formed at a lower end of the inner case.

The present invention provides the following effects.

First, since discharge holes are formed on both the outer and lower surfaces of the cylindrical inner case, the crushed material inside the inner case is discharged to the outside of the inner case, so the discharge hole is not blocked by the crushed material, and the discharge efficiency of the crushed material is greatly improved. Can be.

Second, since the crushing cutter crushes the sludge while rising inside the inner case, the sludge that could not be discharged is continuously circulated and crushed while moving up and down the inner case while being mixed with the sludge that is continuously input. The action occurs, providing the effect of increasing the crushing efficiency of the sludge.

Third, the crushing cutter crushes the sludge put into the inner case finely to a certain particle size, and at the same time creates a vortex-shaped upward airflow in the inner space of the inner case, so that relatively light weight such as vinyl separated from the crushed material during the crushing process of sludge. It provides an effect of completely separating the foreign matter from the sludge by floating the foreign matter and allowing the lifted foreign matter to be completely discharged from the inner case by the suction and discharge action of the impeller.

Fourth, each of the plurality of main cutter members is arranged in a spiral path along the axial direction of the main rotation shaft, so that the upward movement of the sludge can be more efficiently induced, and an upward air current can be created more effectively.

Fifth, by appropriately injecting the added water through the inlet, the moisture content of the sludge can be adjusted.Through this, the effect of crushing and sorting high-viscosity organic sludge that turns 18% of total solids (Ts) without hydrolysis is possible. have.

1 is a view showing one side of a fine crushing and sorting apparatus for food waste according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a right side of a device for fine crushing and sorting food waste in the state as shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a cross-sectional configuration based on line AA shown in FIG. 2, showing a sludge input direction, a movement path of a crushed material, a direction of discharging foreign substances, and the like as arrows.
Figure 4 is a view showing a combination of the inner case and the outer case, a view showing a state in which the outer case is partially cut.
5 is a view showing an exploded relationship between the inner case and the main rotating shaft.
6 is a view showing the coupling configuration of the inner case, the main rotating shaft and the impeller, a diagram showing the sludge input direction, the movement path of the crushed material, the direction of discharging foreign substances, etc. as arrows.
7 is a view showing a plan view of the impeller and the foreign matter discharge port.
8 is a view showing an embodiment of a baffle.
9 is a view showing an embodiment of the input unit based on a plane.
10 is a view showing an example in which a plurality of main cutter members are radially formed on a single plane with the main rotation axis at the center.

In order to fully understand the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments of the present invention may be modified in various forms, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described in detail below. This embodiment is provided to more completely explain the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the art. Accordingly, the shape of the element in the drawings may be exaggerated to emphasize a clearer description. It should be noted that in each drawing, the same member may be indicated by the same reference numeral. Detailed descriptions of known functions and configurations that are determined to unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention will be omitted.

1 is a view showing one side of the fine crushing and sorting apparatus for food waste according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view showing the right side of the fine crushing and sorting apparatus for food waste as shown in FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a cross-sectional configuration based on the AA line shown in FIG. 2, showing the sludge input direction, the movement path of the crushed material, the direction of discharging foreign substances, etc. as arrows, and FIG. 4 is an inner case It is a view showing the combination of the outer case and the outer case is a view showing a state in which the outer case is partially cut. FIG. 5 is a view showing the disassembled relationship between the inner case and the main rotating shaft. It is a view showing the combined configuration of the sludge input direction, the movement path of the crushed material, the direction of discharging foreign matters, etc. as arrows. FIG. 7 is a view showing the plane of the impeller and the foreign matter discharge port, and FIG. 8 is a view of a baffle. FIG. 9 is a view showing an embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a view showing an embodiment of an input unit based on a plane.

The fine crushing and sorting apparatus for food waste according to the present invention has a function of finely crushing the sludge, sorting the crushed crushed material into target particles, and separating various foreign substances contained in the sludge from the crushed material before crushing. The crushed material sorted using the fine crushing and sorting device of food waste according to the present invention may be treated in a state capable of being recycled through a specific gravity separator, an anaerobic digester, or the like, depending on the purpose of treatment.

That is, the fine crushing and sorting device of food waste according to the present invention is responsible for removing various foreign substances contained in the sludge before the main treatment process for recycling of sludge, and crushing the sludge evenly so that the sludge becomes particles of an appropriate size. It is to do.

To this end, the fine crushing and sorting apparatus of food waste according to the present invention is large, as shown in Figs. 1 to 3, the inner case 100 in which sludge is injected into the interior and a plurality of discharge holes 110 are perforated, While rotating by the main rotating shaft 200 that is extended and rotated by extending and rotating in the upper and lower directions in the inner center of the inner case 100 and the main rotating shaft 200 that is installed and rotated in the main rotating shaft 200, the sludge is crushed while crushing the sludge. A crushing cutter 300 that forms a rising airflow inside the inner case 100, installed outside the inner case 100, and discharged to the discharge hole 110 through a gap with the inner case 100 An outer case 400 forming a sorting space 410 into which the crushed material is introduced, a foreign matter outlet 500 formed at the upper end of the inner case 100, and an upper end of the main rotating shaft 200 are installed, and the inner case ( It may be defined as including an impeller 600 that sucks foreign substances contained in the sludge crushed in the inside of 100) and discharges them to the foreign substance discharge port 500.

The inner case 100 is a cylindrical member with an open top and an empty inside, and discharge holes 110 may be formed on an outer surface and a lower surface of the inner case 100, respectively.

In the lower portion of the inner case 100, an input unit 120 into which sludge is injected toward the lower portion of the inner case 100 may be formed.

A plurality of crushing cutters 300 may be formed along the longitudinal direction of the main rotation shaft 200.

In particular, when sludge is injected into the inner case 100 through the input unit 120, the crushing cutter 300 rotated around the main rotation shaft 200 crushes the sludge while raising the sludge inside the inner case 100. At this time, the sludge that does not rise or does not have a sufficient particle size to be discharged to the discharge hole 110 moves up and down the inner case 100 while being continuously mixed with the input sludge. It can be crushed finely by repetitive crushing action by circulating the inside of 100) as a whole.

If the sludge is supplied into the inner case 100 while the input unit 120 is formed on the upper portion of the inner case 100, the sludge to the lower portion of the inner case 100 by the rotating shredding cutter 300 Since the structure cannot be circulated, the crushing of the sludge may be concentrated only on the crushing cutter 300 on the upper side of the main rotary shaft 200 and thus the crushing efficiency may be degraded.

The crushed material crushed in the inner space of the inner case 100 by the rotational action of the crushing cutter 300 may be discharged to the outside of the inner case 100 through the discharge hole 110.

In the inner case 100, only particulate crushed matter smaller than the discharge hole 110 may be discharged to the discharge hole 110 due to the repeated closing action of the sludge. The particle size of the processed crushed material may be determined according to the size of the discharge hole 110.

The sludge may be crushed while circulating up and down the inner space of the inner case 100 until it becomes particles that can pass through the discharge hole 110.

Since the discharge holes 110 are both formed on the outer and lower surfaces of the cylindrical inner case 100, the crushed material crushed in the inner case 100 is scattered and discharged in all directions outside the inner case 100, so that the crushed material is Accordingly, the discharge hole 110 is not blocked, and the efficiency of discharging the crushed material may be significantly improved.

The outer case 400 is a cylindrical member that accommodates the inner case 100 inside, and the crushed material discharged from the discharge hole 110 is a sorting space 410 that is a space between the inner case 100 and the outer case 400 After being guided to, it can fall by its own weight.

A collection hopper 700 may be formed under the outer case 400 to collect the crushed material falling by its own weight in the sorting space 410. It is preferable that the collection hopper 700 has a structure in communication with the sorting space 410, and a discharge pipe 710 for discharging the crushed material may be formed in the collection hopper 700.

If necessary, a support member 900 for supporting the outer case 400 and the collection hopper 700 assembly from the ground may be formed.

The main rotation shaft 200 is installed across the inner center of the inner case 100 and has a structure capable of rotating in place in the forward and reverse directions by receiving the rotational force of the main motor 210. Here, the main motor 210 may be disposed on the outer upper end of the outer case 400, and the main rotation shaft 200 is exposed outside the upper end of the outer case 400, and the upper end of the main rotation shaft 200 and the main motor ( 210 has a configuration that is connected and installed by an interlocking member 220, for example, a pulley, etc., so that the rotational driving force of the main motor 210 may be transmitted to the main rotation shaft 200.

When the main rotation shaft 200 rotates, the crushing cutter 300 and the impeller 600 may be rotated in the same direction inside the inner case 100.

The crushing cutter 300 is responsible for crushing the sludge injected into the inner case 100 into a certain particle size while raising the sludge, and at the same time forming a vortex-shaped rising air flow in the inner space of the inner case 100.

The purpose of the formation of the rising air flow is to raise the sludge crushed in the inner case 100 and to support relatively light foreign substances such as vinyl separated from the crushed material during the crushing process of the sludge, and the foreign substances thus raised are impeller 600 It can be completely discharged from the inside of the inner case 100 by the discharge action of.

More specifically, the crushing cutter 300 is formed at the lower end of the main rotation shaft 200, a plurality of lower cutter members 310 installed adjacent to the lower surface of the inner case 100, and the upper portion of the lower cutter member 310 It may be illustrated as including a plurality of main cutter members 320 formed of.

Each of the plurality of bottom cutter members 310 may be radially formed on a single plane with the main rotation shaft 200 at the center at the lowest end of the main rotation shaft 200.

The lower cutter member 310 is preferably installed adjacent to the input unit 120 and is spaced downward from the outlet end of the input unit 120 to prevent backflow of sludge flowing into the inner case 100.

Although the inlet end of the input unit 120 is not shown, it may be installed in connection with the first crushing unit that primarily crushes the sludge.

The sludge injected into the inner case 100 through the input unit 120 may freely fall from the outlet end of the input unit 120 toward the lower cutter member 310.

The free-falling sludge may rise while being crushed by the rotational action of the lower cutter member 310.

Each of the plurality of main cutter members 320 may be arranged in a spiral path along the axial direction of the main rotation shaft 200, unlike the above-described lower cutter member 310.

This is a structure that can induce the upward movement of sludge more efficiently, and at the same time, it is a structure that creates an upward airflow more effectively.

For example, as shown in FIG. 10, a main cutter group G1 in which a plurality of main cutter members 320 are radially formed on a single plane with the main rotation shaft 200 at the center is the longitudinal direction of the main rotation shaft 200. Accordingly, in the embodiment consisting of a plurality of layers, the sludge is isolated between the adjacent main cutter groups (G1) to limit the upward or downward movement of the sludge, so that the sludge may not be able to move up and down the inner case 100 easily. Accordingly, it is impossible to expect the repetitive crushing action of the sludge.

The lower cutter member 310 and the main cutter member 320 are rod-shaped members having a thickness sufficient to crush the sludge by the impact when a physical impact is applied to the sludge, and the upper surface is inclined at a certain angle. 330 may be formed. The sludge slides along the inclined surface 330 of the rotating crushing cutter 300 and can be moved upward.

On the other hand, it is preferable that the outer case 400 is formed to have a wider diameter toward the lower side, and on the contrary, the inner case 100 is formed to have a larger diameter toward the upper side.

Accordingly, the lower roll of the sorting space 410 can be formed relatively wide, so that the crushed material discharged through the discharge hole 110 can freely fall into the collection hopper 700 without being congested in the sorting space 410. I can.

And, since the upper portion of the sorting space 410 is formed to be narrow, the crushed matter discharged to the upper point of the sorting space 410 hits the upper inner circumferential surface of the outer case 400 and does not scatter from the sorting space 410, but the collection hopper ( 700) can be induced to fall to the side.

In addition, when the diameter of the inner case 100 increases toward the top, the distance between the inner case 100 and the main cutter member 320 gradually increases toward the top, and in this case, by the crushing cutter 300 As the centrifugal force of the generated ascending air flow increases upward, sludge and foreign matter can be more efficiently increased. In particular, when the centrifugal force increases in the outer portion of the inner case 100, the center of the inner case 100 As a relatively low pressure is formed in the sludge, relatively light foreign substances contained in the sludge can be more easily lifted.

The impeller 600 is a means for sucking foreign substances raised in the inner case 100 and discharging them to the outside, and the main rotating shaft 200 at the top of the main rotating shaft 200 so as to generate a suction force in the inner case 100. ) And rotate together

The impeller 600 is a fan housing 610 mounted outside the main rotation shaft 200 as shown in FIG. 5, and a plurality of impellers 600 are formed along the circumferential direction with the fan housing 610 at the center, and are curved in a bow shape. The plate-shaped wing member 620 is spaced downward from the upper rim 630 in parallel with the upper rim 630 and the upper rim 630 interconnecting the uppermost outer corners of the plurality of wing members 620 It may be illustrated as including a lower rim 640 connecting the wing member 620.

When the impeller 600 is rotated, the plurality of wing members 620 generate a suction force in a direction parallel to the main rotation shaft 200 and inhale foreign substances.At this time, the sucked foreign substances are the upper rim 630 and the lower rim 640 ), the path is vertically converted and guided between the upper rim 630 and the lower rim 620 and discharged toward the foreign matter discharge port 500.

The upper rim 630 and the lower rim 640 have strength to the wing member 620 to prevent damage to the wing member 620 by the foreign material when a hard foreign material flows into the impeller 600 due to unforeseen reasons. It can also take on the role of giving.

A collection filter may be installed in the foreign matter discharge port 500 to separately collect foreign matter discharged to the outside.

Meanwhile, a baffle 140 may be formed on the inner circumferential surface of the inner case 100. When the sludge pushed to the outermost part of the inner case 100 by the centrifugal force of the rising air in the inner space of the inner case 100 rotates along the inner circumferential surface of the inner case 100, the sludge contacts the baffle 140 As it becomes turbulent, crushing efficiency can be improved.

As shown in FIG. 8A, a plurality of baffles 140 may be formed along a spiral path on the inner circumferential surface of the inner case 100. In this case, it is possible to significantly improve the crushing efficiency by inducing the rotating sludge in a direction toward the main rotating shaft 200.

In addition, the baffle 140 is formed in a rod shape vertically erected on the inner circumferential surface of the inner case 100 as shown in FIG. 8B, and at this time, a plurality of baffles 140 may be arranged at intervals of 90 degrees.

Meanwhile, an injection unit 130 for injecting added water into the inner case 100 may be formed at a lower end of the inner case 100.

The added water is a means for adjusting the viscosity of the sludge, and when the added water is injected into the inner case 100 through the injection unit 130, the viscosity of the sludge can be lowered.

When the viscosity of the sludge decreases, the resistance applied to the main rotation shaft 200 decreases, thereby improving the crushing efficiency of the sludge.

Meanwhile, the input unit 120 may be formed toward the center of the inner case 100 as illustrated in FIG. 9A or may have a shape extending in the tangential direction of the inner case 100 as illustrated in FIG. 9B. .

When the input unit 120 is formed to extend in the tangential direction of the inner case 100, centrifugal force is generated in the sludge injected into the inner case 100, so that crushing efficiency may be improved.

Hereinafter, the operation of the fine crushing and sorting apparatus of food waste according to the present invention will be described. In this operation, a process in which sludge is treated using a fine crushing and sorting device of food waste will be described as an example.

First, when sludge is injected into the inner case 100 through the input unit 120, the treated water is supplied through the injection unit 130 in consideration of the moisture content of the sludge to adjust the viscosity of the sludge.

The sludge is injected into the inner case 100 and at the same time the main motor 210 rotates the main rotation shaft 200. When the main rotation shaft 200 is driven to rotate, the crushing cutter 300 and the impeller 600 rotate in connection therewith.

As the sludge moves up and down in the inner case 100 by the rotating shredding cutter 300, the sludge is crushed finely by repetitive crushing action, and the crushed material smaller than the size of the discharge hole 110 of the inner case 100 is After being discharged through the discharge hole 110 and guided to the sorting space 410, it freely falls into the collection hopper 700.

In this process, an ascending airflow is formed in the inner case 100 by the rotational action of the crushing cutter 300, and thus foreign matter contained in the sludge floats upward.

At this time, after the impeller 600 sucks the foreign material lifted upward, it is discharged through the foreign material discharge port 500.

The crushed material stored in the collection hopper 700 is put into a post-treatment process, undergoes main treatment for anaerobic digestion, and is then reproduced as a recycled material.

The embodiments of the present invention described above are merely exemplary, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs will appreciate that various modifications and other equivalent embodiments are possible. Therefore, it will be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the form mentioned in the detailed description above. Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical spirit of the appended claims. In addition, the present invention is to be understood as including the spirit of the present invention as defined by the appended claims and all modifications, equivalents and substitutes within the scope thereof.

100: inner case
200: main rotating shaft
300: shredding cutter
400: outer case
500: foreign matter outlet
600: impeller
700: collection hopper
800: support member
110: discharge hole
120: input unit
130: injection part
140: baffle
210: main motor
220: interlocking member
310: lower cutter member
320: main cutter member
410: sorting space
610: housing
620: wing member
630: lower rim
640: upper rim
710: discharge pipe

Claims (5)

An inner case in which sludge is injected into the interior and discharge holes are perforated on the outer and lower surfaces;
A main rotation shaft extending and rotating in an upward and downward direction in the inner center of the inner case;
A crushing cutter that is installed on the main rotation shaft and rotates by the rotating main rotation shaft and crushes the sludge while forming an upward air current in the inner case;
An outer case installed outside the inner case and forming a sorting space into which the crushed material discharged through the discharge hole flows through a gap with the inner case;
A foreign material discharge port formed at an upper end of the inner case; And
Includes; an impeller installed on the upper end of the main rotating shaft to suck foreign substances contained in sludge crushed inside the inner case and discharge them to the foreign substance discharge port, and
In the lower part of the inner case, an input part through which sludge is injected toward the lower part of the inner case is formed,
The crushing cutter,
A plurality of lower cutter members formed at a lower end of the main rotation shaft and installed adjacent to a lower surface of the inner case; And
Includes; a plurality of main cutter members formed above the lower cutter member
Each of the plurality of lower cutter members is formed radially on a single plane with the main rotation axis at the center at the lowest end of the main rotation shaft, and is formed spaced downward from the outlet end of the input unit,
Each of the plurality of main cutter members is arranged in a spiral path along the axial direction of the main rotation shaft,
An inclined inclined surface is formed on the upper surface of the lower cutter member and the main cutter member,
The device for fine crushing and sorting of food waste, characterized in that the outer case is formed to have a wider diameter toward the bottom, and the inner case is formed to have a wider diameter toward the top. delete The method according to claim 1,
A device for fine crushing and sorting food waste, characterized in that a baffle plate is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the inner case. delete The method according to claim 1,
A device for fine crushing and sorting food waste, characterized in that an injection unit for injecting added water into the inner case is formed at a lower end of the inner case.

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