CN113811399A

CN113811399A - Method and device for sorting palm trunks

Info

Publication number: CN113811399A
Application number: CN202080034841.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 福山昌男; 月东秀夫; 井上嗣夫
Original assignee: Palmholz Co ltd
Current assignee: Palmholz Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-06-20
Filing date: 2020-05-13
Publication date: 2021-12-17
Also published as: WO2020255590A1; JP6699040B1; JP2021000729A; MY190336A; SG11202110969SA

Abstract

The invention relates to a sorting method and a sorting device for palm trunks. The vascular bundle and parenchyma can be sorted in a mass production manner from the palm trunks by a relatively simple configuration, and the total utilization of the palm trunks can be realized. Thin plate materials obtained by slicing the trunk of oil palm by the plate rotating machine 1 are crushed by the crushers 4 and 5, the crushed pieces are gravity-classified by the gravity classifier 7, and the vascular bundle is recovered from heavy objects after the gravity classification and the parenchyma is recovered from light objects after the gravity classification.

Description

Method and device for sorting palm trunks

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for sorting palm trunks, and more particularly to a method and the like for sorting palm trunks, which can utilize palm trunks in mass production as a whole.

Background

Palm, particularly oil palm, is cultivated in many countries around the equator such as indonesia and malaysia, and in recent years, the expansion of oil palm farms and the coordination between natural environments have become a problem. However, the life of oil palm is typically on the order of 25 years, and old oil palm is harvested. There are several proposals for reusing harvested oil palm trunks (for example, patent document 2), and as a proposal for continuously sorting vascular bundles and parenchyma constituting oil palm trunks and using these for mass production as a whole, for example, patent document 1 is known.

In patent document 1, a tree sap is extracted by squeezing chips obtained by cutting or chipping a trunk (trunk) of an oil palm, and a residue obtained by extracting the tree sap is supplied to a separation chamber as a solid mixture. Then, the residue is conveyed while being stirred by a slurry of a paddle conveyor provided in the separation chamber, the vascular bundle, which is a low-fluidity solid in the solid mixture, is recovered, and an air flow is passed in a direction opposite to the conveying direction of the paddle conveyor, so that a thin-walled structure, which is a high-fluidity solid in the solid mixture, is recovered by the air flow. At this time, the separation of the high-fluidity solids from the solid mixture is promoted by injecting compressed air toward the solid mixture conveyed by the paddle conveyor.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. 2013-34983

Patent document 2: WO2018/216682

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

However, in the conventional sorting apparatus described above, the vascular bundle and the parenchyma are not directly sorted from the trunk with the residue after the sap is extracted as a sorting target, and therefore, there are the following problems: not only the treatment step is additionally required, but also a relatively large-scale apparatus for connecting the airflow forming apparatus to the separation chamber having the paddle conveyor built therein is required.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for sorting a palm trunk, which can sort vascular bundles and parenchyma tissues from the palm trunk in a mass production manner with a relatively simple configuration, thereby realizing the general use of the palm trunk.

Means for solving the problems

In order to achieve the above object, the method for sorting a palm trunk according to claim 1 is a method for sorting a palm trunk, in which a thin sheet material obtained by slicing a palm trunk is crushed, the crushed sheet is subjected to gravity classification, a vascular bundle is collected from a heavy material after the gravity classification, and a parenchyma is collected from a light material after the gravity classification.

The sorting method according to claim 1 can be realized by a simple apparatus, is easy to mass-produce, and can realize the total use of a palm trunk composed of a vascular bundle and a parenchyma. In particular, since the thin plate material obtained by slicing the trunk of the palm is crushed, the subsequent stage of gravity classification can be efficiently performed.

The palm trunk sorting device according to claim 2 includes: crushers (4, 5) for crushing a separation piece obtained by separating a trunk of a palm into predetermined sizes into crushed pieces; and a gravity classifier (7) for classifying heavy objects and light objects from the supplied crush debris, recovering the vascular bundle of the trunk from the heavy objects classified by the gravity classifier (7), and recovering the parenchyma of the trunk from the light objects classified by the gravity classifier (7).

The sorting apparatus according to claim 2 is simple in structure, and the gravity classifier sorts the vascular bundle and the parenchyma from the crushed pieces of the trunk, so that mass production is easy, and the entire use of the palm trunk can be realized. Here, the gravity classifier utilizes wind power, and can appropriately classify heavy objects and light objects of desired specifications by adjusting the wind power.

The sorting apparatus for palm trunks according to claim 3 is characterized in that a plate rotating machine (1) for slicing the palm trunks is provided in the front stage of the crushers (4, 5).

According to the 3 rd aspect of the present invention, since the trunk is sliced and crushed, the subsequent stage of gravity classification can be efficiently performed.

The sorting apparatus for palm trunks according to claim 4 is configured such that the crusher is composed of a primary crusher (4) at a front stage for performing coarse crushing and a secondary crusher (5) at a rear stage for performing fine crushing.

According to the 4 th aspect of the present invention, since the fine grinding is performed by the secondary grinding machine, the classification by the gravity classifier can be efficiently performed.

The palm trunk sorting device according to claim 5 is characterized in that a dryer (2) is provided at a rear stage of the veneer lathe (1) or a rear stage of the primary crusher (4).

According to the 5 th aspect of the present invention, since the trunk is pulverized in a state of being dried to a desired degree, the pulverization can be efficiently performed, and the separation of the vascular bundle and the mollicutes can be performed more favorably in the pulverization.

The palm trunk sorting device according to claim 6 is further provided at a separator (3) for separating the sliced sheet material at a rear stage of the veneer lathe (1) or a rear stage of a dryer (2) provided at a rear stage of the veneer lathe (1).

According to the 6 th aspect of the present invention, the sliced sheet material is separated, and therefore, the sheet material can be efficiently crushed by the crusher in the subsequent stage.

The sorting apparatus for palm trunks according to claim 7 is further provided with a screening machine (8) for sorting the heavy objects output from the gravity classifier (7) and recovering the vascular bundles.

According to the 7 th aspect of the present invention, by providing a sieving machine, a vascular bundle of a desired specification can be collected.

In the sorting apparatus for palm trunks according to claim 8, the sifter (8) is composed of a 1 st sifter (85) that collects a relatively long bundle of the vascular fibers from the weight and a 2 nd sifter (86) that collects a relatively short bundle of the vascular fibers.

According to the 8 th aspect of the present invention, a relatively long bundle of fibers and a relatively short bundle of fibers can be sorted and collected.

The palm trunk sorting device according to claim 9 is characterized in that a centrifugal separator (6) for separating dust from the crushed pieces is provided in a stage preceding the gravity classifier (7).

According to the 9 th aspect of the present invention, since the dust is removed from the pulverized pieces before the weight classification is performed, the load on the weight classifier is reduced.

The sorting device for palm trunks according to the 10 th aspect of the present invention is provided with a dust collector (10) for collecting parenchyma from the light material output from the gravity classifier (7).

According to the 10 th aspect of the present invention, the thin-walled structure can be efficiently recovered by the dust collector.

In the sorting device for palm trunks according to claim 11, the dust collector (10) further collects parenchyma from dust discharged from the centrifugal separator (6).

According to the 11 th aspect of the present invention, the thin-walled structure can be efficiently collected.

In the sorting apparatus for palm trunks according to claim 12, the dust collector (10) further collects parenchyma from the fine particles passed through the sieving machine (8).

According to the 12 th aspect of the present invention, the thin-walled structure can be efficiently collected.

The parenthesized reference numerals refer to the correspondence with the specific means described in the embodiments described later.

ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION

As described above, the method and apparatus for sorting palm trunks according to the present invention can sort vascular bundles and parenchyma tissues from palm trunks in a mass production manner with a relatively simple configuration, thereby realizing the overall use of palm trunks.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of the entire sorting apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the entire sieving machine according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The embodiment described below is merely an example, and various design modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention are also included in the scope of the present invention.

(embodiment mode)

Fig. 1 shows an example of the configuration of a sorting apparatus for carrying out the sorting method of the present invention. The sorting apparatus is composed of a dryer 2, a separator 3, a primary crusher 4, a secondary crusher 5, a cyclone 6 as a centrifugal separator, a gravity classifier 7, a sieving machine 8, a blower 9, and a bag filter 10 as a final stage dust collector, which follow the most preceding spiral plate machine 1.

An oil palm trunk (hereinafter, simply referred to as a trunk) cut into a column shape of a predetermined length is supplied to the plate spinner 1, and the trunk is continuously sliced into thin plates of 3 to 6mm or less in thickness by a known structure.

The sliced sheet material is conveyed to a dryer 2 on a conveyor 11, and dried therein until the moisture content reaches 6 to 15 mass%. When the water content is high, the teeth of the separator 3 in the next stage are twisted and the tooth separation is not good, which is not preferable. The dried thin plate material is separated into appropriate lengths in a separator (generally, a cutter) 3 so as to have a width that can be supplied to a primary crusher 4 at the subsequent stage. In the present embodiment, the separator is conveyed to the primary crusher 4 on a conveyor (not shown) disposed in a direction orthogonal to the conveyor 11, coarsely crushed in the primary crusher 4 at the front stage into crushed pieces having an average length of about 20 to 200mm, and then sucked and moved by the secondary crusher (crusher in the present embodiment) 5 at the rear stage in the conveying pipe 41. The mesh of the net of the secondary crusher 5 is about 3 to 10mm, and the average length of the obtained vascular bundle can be about 0.1 to 100mm by changing the mesh. When the mesh size is small, the load of pulverization increases, and when the mesh size is large, the resulting pulverized pieces also become large, which is not preferable. The mesh is usually about 5 mm.

The finely pulverized chips are supplied to the cyclone 6 sucked by the blower 9 through the conveying pipe 51, and the dust contained in the chips is separated by the cyclone 6. The separated dust is transported from the top of the cyclone 6 to the bag filter 10 by the blower 9 through the transport pipe 61 provided with the control valve 611.

The pulverized pieces from which the dust is separated are supplied to the gravity classifier 7 located below the cyclone separator 6 by an air-tight rotary valve 62 provided at the lower end opening of the cyclone separator. In the present embodiment, the gravity classifier 7 is a so-called zigzag classifier using a vertical air flow, and the top thereof is connected to the blower 9 via a conveying pipe 71 provided with a control valve 711.

An updraft is generated in the zigzag passage of the gravity classifier 7 which is sucked by being connected to the blower 9, and the pulverized pieces supplied from the rotary valve 62 are dispersed again in the passage by collision or vortex, and classification of the pulverized pieces by particle diameter and density is repeated by the updraft. The light matter in the crushed pieces classified by the gravity classifier 7 contains the parenchyma tissue constituting the oil palm trunks at a high ratio, and is sucked by the blower 9 from the top of the gravity classifier 7 through the conveying pipe 71 together with the ascending air flow and conveyed to the bag filters 10.

On the other hand, the bundles of vascular bundles constituting the oil palm trunks are contained at a high ratio in the heavy materials in the crushed pieces classified by the gravity classifier 7, and the heavy materials are discharged from below the gravity classifier 7 and supplied to the sieving machine 8 at the lower stage.

Fig. 2 shows an example of the sieving machine 8. The sieving machine 8 shown in fig. 2 is a vibrating sieving machine, and the frame 84 supported by the spring 83 is vibrated by rotating the upper and lower

eccentric weights

821 and 822 by the built-in motor 82. In the present embodiment, an upper screen 85 having a relatively large mesh and a lower screen 86 having a relatively small mesh are provided in the frame 84, the upper screen 85 functions as the 1 st screening machine, and the lower screen 86 functions as the 2 nd screening machine. By changing the mesh size of these

sieves

85 and 86, a desired vascular bundle and fine powder described later can be obtained.

Then, the relatively long bundle of the fibers (in one example, about 30mm in length and about 600 in aspect ratio) included in the weight supplied from the gravity classifier 7 cannot pass through the upper screen 85 and is captured therein, and is recovered from the discharge port 841 of the frame 84. On the other hand, the relatively short bundles of fibers (in one example, about 1mm in length and about 3.5 in aspect ratio) included in the heavy objects pass through the upper screen 85 but cannot pass through the lower screen 86, are captured therein, and are recovered from the discharge port 842 of the frame 84.

The particles passing through the lower screen 86 contain parenchyma mixed in a heavy material or attached to the vascular bundle. The particles reach the discharge port 843 at the lowest stage of the frame 84. Since the discharge port 843 communicates with the blower 9 via the conveying pipe 81 provided with the control valve 811 (fig. 1), the fine particles are sucked by the blower 9 from the discharge port 843 via the conveying pipe 81 and are conveyed to the bag filter 10 (fig. 1).

In the bag filter 10, dust from the cyclone 6, light materials from the gravity classifier 7, and parenchyma included in fine particles from the classifier 8, which come along with the airflow, are collected and recovered by the filter cloth. According to the sorting apparatus as described above, it is possible to cope with a sufficient stem treatment amount of about 10t/h by simply enlarging the apparatus.

(other embodiments)

In the above embodiment, the object to be sorted is not limited to the oil palm trunks, and can be widely applied to the palm trunks.

In the above embodiment, the oil palm trunks do not necessarily need to be sliced, and the oil palm trunks may be separated (cut, etc.) into cylindrical trunks and then directly supplied to the shredder.

In the above embodiment, the crusher does not necessarily need to be constituted by the primary crusher and the secondary crusher. Nor is a dryer necessary. In the case where the dryer is provided, the dryer may be provided between the primary crusher and the secondary crusher instead of the subsequent one of the veneer reeling machine.

In the above embodiment, it is not necessary to provide a separate device (cutting device) in particular as long as the thin plate material discharged from the veneer lathe can be directly fed into the crusher.

In the above embodiment, as long as the desired bundle of the fibers can be obtained by the gravity classifier, it is not necessary to provide a sieving machine in particular, and the sieving machine does not necessarily need to be constituted by the 1 st sieving machine and the 2 nd sieving machine.

In the above embodiment, the thin-walled structure is collected by the dust collector, and the thin-walled structure is collected by the fine particles passed through the sieving machine from the dust separated by the centrifugal separator. The dust collector is not limited to the bag filter.

In the above embodiment, it is not always necessary to provide a centrifugal separator for separating dust before the gravity classifier.

Description of the symbols

1: veneer lathe, 2: dryer, 3: separator (cutter), 4: primary crusher, 5: secondary crusher (pulverizer), 6: cyclone separator (centrifugal separator), 7: gravity classifier, 8: screening machine, 85: upper screen (1 st classifier), 86: lower screen (2 nd sieving machine), 9: blower, 10: bag filters (dust collectors).

Claims

1. A sorting method of palm trunks is characterized in that,

a sheet material obtained by slicing a palm trunk is pulverized, the pulverized pieces are subjected to gravity classification, a vascular bundle is recovered from a heavy object after the gravity classification, and a parenchyma is recovered from a light object after the gravity classification.

2. A sorting device for a palm trunk, comprising:

a crusher that crushes the trunk of the palm into pieces separated into predetermined sizes; and

a gravity classifier for classifying heavy objects and light objects from the supplied crush debris,

and recovering the vascular bundle of the trunk from the heavy objects classified by the gravity classifier, and recovering the parenchyma of the trunk from the light objects classified by the gravity classifier.

3. The sorting device of a palm trunk of claim 2,

the front section of the crusher is provided with a veneer lathe for slicing the trunk of the palm.

4. The sorting device of a palm trunk of claim 2 or 3,

the crusher is constituted by a primary crusher at a front stage for performing coarse crushing and a secondary crusher at a rear stage for performing fine crushing.

5. The sorting device of palm trunks according to claim 3 or 4,

and a dryer is arranged at the rear section of the veneer lathe or the rear section of the primary crusher.

6. The sorting device of a palm trunk according to any one of claims 3 to 5,

a separator for separating the sliced sheet material is further provided at the rear stage of the veneer lathe or at the rear stage of the dryer provided at the rear stage of the veneer lathe.

7. The sorting device of a palm trunk according to any one of claims 2 to 6,

the separator is further provided with a sieving machine for separating the heavy objects output from the gravity classifier and recovering the vascular bundle.

8. The sorting apparatus of a palm trunk of claim 7,

the sizer is comprised of a 1 st sizer that recovers a relatively long bundle of vascular tubes from the weight and a 2 nd sizer that recovers a relatively short bundle of vascular tubes.

9. The sorting device of a palm trunk according to any one of claims 2 to 8,

a centrifugal separator for separating dust from the pulverization pieces is provided at a front stage of the gravity classifier.

10. The sorting device of a palm trunk according to any one of claims 2 to 9,

a dust collector for collecting the thin-walled structure from the light material output from the gravity classifier is provided.

11. The sorting apparatus of a palm trunk of claim 10,

the dust collector further collects a thin-walled structure from the dust discharged from the centrifugal separator.

12. The sorting apparatus of a palm trunk of claim 10,

the dust collector further collects parenchyma from the fine particles passed through the sieving machine.