JP2000310059A - Underground shelter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an underground shelter for a number of sufferers and refugees to be able to lead an evacuation life safely and comfortably to some extent for long period. SOLUTION: An underground shelter is formed so as to be buried in an underground approximately horizontally and comprises a substantially sealed tubular shelter main body 1. To construct the underground shelter steel frames are disposed overlappingly from the inside to the outside, concrete is filled in a space formed by maintaining a proper interval between inner and outer steel frames, granular or massive lead of a proper size and shape is distributed into the concrete, and reinforced fiber of a proper length is mixed into the concrete.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an underground shelter.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, catastrophic weather and large earthquakes have caused frequent catastrophes, especially in urban areas.
The collapse of the East and West Cold War regimes is threatening new conflicts in many parts of the world, and in fact, conflicts have caused many refugees. It is necessary to secure a shelter, especially an underground shelter, as a large-scale evacuation facility for urgently evacuating victims who may be affected by such a catastrophe or get involved in a conflict.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to evacuate a large number of victims and refugees in a safe and somewhat comfortable state for a long period of time. It is to provide an underground shelter that can lead a living.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An underground shelter according to the present invention is an underground shelter comprising a cylindrical shelter body which is buried substantially underground and is substantially sealed, and has a steel frame extending from the inside to the outside. While arranging multiple layers, filling concrete while keeping the inner and outer steel frames at an appropriate distance from each other, dispersing granular or massive lead of an appropriate size and shape in the concrete,
It is characterized in that the reinforcing fibers having an appropriate length are mixed therein. The cross-sectional shape of the tubular shelter body may be any shape such as a triangle, a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle, a polygon, a trapezoid, and a kamaboko. In addition, the interior is divided into multi-story floors, and water and sewage pipes, air inflow and outflow pipes, power line and communication line pipes are piped, and a private evacuation room and evacuation for an unspecified number of people are divided here. It is also characterized by having a room. Further, the entrance and exit passage for entering and exiting the outside is configured to be folded at least once,
Another feature is that the height of the exit to the ground is set higher than the ground surface. Further, the present invention is also characterized in that a large number of independent and resident buildings are scattered and constructed under the basic structure constituting a group of settlements as a whole.

[0005]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, 1
Is a shelter body, which has a concrete structure with a regular triangular cross section. Shelter body 1 of the present embodiment
Has a length of about 17 m, a height of about 15 m, a wall thickness of about 1 m, a length of about 300 m, and accommodates up to thousands of refugees for about 6 weeks. Meanwhile, it is planned to be able to live an evacuation life while being shielded from the outside world,
Each of the above numerical values is not limited to this. The top of the shelter body 1 is buried at a depth of about 3 m underground. However, the shelter body 1 may be further deepened depending on the burial place, the properties of the ground, the planned shelter strength (wall thickness, etc.), and the like. Is also good.

The space inside the shelter body 1 includes a basement room 2 having a height of about 2 m from the bottom, a first living room 3 having a height of about 3 m, and a second living room 4 having a height of about 3 m. , The top floor room 5 is divided into four layers. In the basement 2, pipes for sewerage, pipes for inflow and outflow of air, pipes for power lines and communication lines, spare foods and drinks, and the like are arranged, wired, and stored. In particular, it is preferable to arrange the piping and wiring at both corners 2 a of the basement 2. The first living room 3 has a corridor 3a having a width of about 3 m at the center, and door rooms 3b are arranged on both sides thereof. These door rooms 3b
Are used as private evacuation rooms which are sold to individuals. The space between the corridor 3a and each door room 3b is partitioned by a wall, and as shown in FIG. The second living room 4 is a large room, and can accommodate an unspecified number of refugees. The first living room 3 and the second
The living room 4 may be only one, and either one may be omitted. The uppermost-floor room 5 is configured such that piping, wiring, and storage can be performed similarly to the basement room 2. In particular, it is preferable that the water supply pipe be piped to the uppermost floor room 5 and naturally flow down to the lower floor for use.

FIG. 3 shows an entrance / exit passage 6 of the shelter main body 1. In this embodiment, it is configured to communicate with the second living room 4, and a first living room in the shelter main body 1 is provided. 3. Access to the basement 2 and the top-floor room 5 is through an appropriately constructed internal passage (not shown). The entrance passage 6 has a folded structure at least once, and the entrance 6a to the ground is always directed to the side opposite to the mountain side so that radiation does not directly enter the Schulter main body 1. With this configuration, a landing 6a is provided in the middle, and by providing two upper and lower handrails 6b made of a material other than metal, a physically disabled person, an elderly person, a small child, as well as a carry-in / out on a stretcher can be used. It has a gentle structure. In addition, doorway 6c to the ground
Is provided at a higher position from the ground surface GL, and flood water, flash flood,
Prevent inflow of debris flow. A door (shutter) or the like may be provided at the entrance 6a. FIG. 4 shows the arrangement of the entrance / exit passage 6. For example, when the length of the shelter body 1 is 300 m, the shelter body 1 is provided at three places, that is, at a central part and at a position 100 m away from both sides thereof, so that it is farthest from the entrance. It can be reached in 50m even in places.

Next, a method of constructing the shelter body 1 will be described. Survey the land at the construction site, taking into account the water supply, sewerage, fresh air introduction and discharge that are indispensable for underground shelters. When the surveying is completed, first, as shown in FIG.
And cut the gap between them.
Laying to the thickness of. This excavation method is a preferable method in terms of cost when the burial depth of the shelter body 1 is relatively shallow. However, when the burial depth is deep, a shield method may be employed.

FIG. 6 (A) shows a steel structure for assembling the shelter body 1 with a quadruple structure of a first steel frame 9a, a second steel frame 9b, a third steel frame 9c and a fourth steel frame 9d from inside. Has become. The first steel frame 9a is assembled on the chestnut stone 8 as shown in FIG. The first steel frame 9a has a groove-shaped cross section as shown in an enlarged manner in FIG. 7C, and is integrally connected at the top as shown in FIG. 7D. Note that they may be integrally assembled by welding. Thereafter, the joining of the steel members may be performed by bolts or welding. The first steel frame 9a is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 8, the shelter main body 1 is arranged at appropriate intervals (for example, 4 m) in the longitudinal direction, and the tops thereof are mountain-shaped connecting steel frames as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 11 interconnected. It is preferable that the connection between the end portions of the connecting steel frame 11 be made at the center of the first steel frame 9a. Also, on both side surfaces of the first steel frame 9a, as shown in FIG. 8C, the connecting steel frames 12 are assembled in a truss shape and integrated with each other. Also on the bottom surface of the first steel frame 9a,
It is assembled in a truss shape similar to that of the connecting steel frame 12 and integrated. Further, FIG. 8 also shows the inside of both hem portions of the first steel frame 9a.
As shown by a virtual line in (A), width wood 13 is provided and integrally connected as a whole.

When the installation of the first steel frame 9a is completed, as shown in FIG. 9, a concrete discard 14 is cast on the bottom. A plate material 1 such as a plywood is provided outside the first steel frame 9a.
Install 5 The plate member 15 functions as a formwork when the wall is cast into concrete, and also has a function as an interior material of the shelter body 1. Waterproof and fireproof treatment is applied to the interior material. As shown in FIG. 9B in an enlarged manner, the seam between the plate members 15 is joined by an adhesive tape 16. Further, a plate member 17 is stretched on the outside thereof and joined by an adhesive tape 18. In FIG. 9, the respective plate members 15 and 17 and the adhesive tapes 16 and 18 are overlapped with a gap, but this is a gap for explanation, and is actually overlapped without a gap. When the strength of the plate 15 is sufficient, the outer plate 17 may be omitted.

[0011] Again, as shown in FIG.
A second steel frame 9b is installed outside the steel frame 9a. FIG.
As is clear from (B) and (C), the second steel frame 9b is arranged in the middle of the first steel frame 9a. The configuration method is the same as that of the first steel frame 9a. However, the first steel frame 9a
Has its groove side facing inward, while the second steel frame 9b faces outward. Further, a third steel frame 9 is provided outside the second steel frame 9b.
Install c. The third steel frame 9c is arranged at the same position as the first steel frame 9a. As is clear from FIG. 6A, the lower side of the third steel frame 9c is omitted. A fourth steel frame 9d is installed outside the third steel frame 9c. The fourth steel frame 9d is arranged at the same position as the second steel frame 9b, and its lower side is omitted as in the case of the third steel frame 9c, but its lower end is connected to the lower part of the second steel frame 9b by a connecting member 9d '. Are connected integrally.

FIG. 10 shows an assembled state of a steel frame inside the shelter main body 1.
The main column steel frames 19 of the book and the column steel frames 20 on the outside thereof are arranged, and as the horizontal members, a first beam steel frame 21, a second beam steel frame 22, a third beam steel frame 23, and a Four beam steel frames 24 are arranged. The main column steel frame 19 is installed at a position sandwiching the corridor 3a of the first living room 3 shown in FIG.
It has a cross section as shown in FIG. A wall material that partitions the corridor 3a and each door room 3b is fitted into the groove 19a, and a boundary wall between the door rooms 3b is fitted into the groove 19b. Other steel frames, depending on the required strength, from FIG.
(D) A cross-sectional shape is selected and used.

When the assembling of the steel frames 9a to 9d is completed, a formwork (not shown) is set outside the fourth steel frame 9d, and concrete is poured. In the present invention, as aggregate for concrete, lead and reinforcing fibers are mixed in addition to general sand. As for the size and shape of lead,
Any shape, such as a cube having a side length of about 5 to 15 mm, a column, a prism, or a sphere having substantially the same volume, may be used. As the reinforcing fiber, a carbon fiber having an appropriate length is used, and is kneaded in the cement together with the lead. Therefore, the reinforcing fibers are entangled with the lead to prevent the free movement of the lead, thereby guaranteeing an even distribution of the lead.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram in which lead P is evenly dispersed in concrete. The radiation passing through the concrete wall is blocked by the lead P on the way, and does not penetrate into the shelter body 1. There are no obstacles for internally displaced persons. According to this schematic diagram, the radiation is horizontal,
That is, it can be confirmed that when the light enters the side wall of the shelter main body 1 at an angle of about 60 °, the radiation always collides with some of the lead P scattered inside, thereby preventing transmission.

FIG. 12 shows an assembled state of the steel frames and the reinforcing bars of the end walls of the shelter main body 1.
As is apparent from FIG. 2B, a plurality of steel frames 25 (five in this embodiment) are arranged at intervals in the thickness direction of the wall, and a large number of steel frames 25 are arranged between the horizontally adjacent steel frames 25. Reinforcing bars 26 are arranged at predetermined intervals. 27 is a horizontal steel frame, and 28 is a formwork.

FIGS. 13 and 14 show a village building having a large number of residential buildings A constructed especially in a recreation area and a summer resort, and this group of village buildings is entirely supported. 1 shows an embodiment in which an underground shelter according to the present invention is constructed under a strong foundation ground B. In this embodiment, the shelter body 1 is preferably constructed directly below the passage between the aligned residential buildings A. During the evacuation to the underground shelter, the residential building A on the ground may be generally opened.

It should be noted that due to the nature of the inside of the shelter body 1 of the present invention, the following configuration should be noted. 1) To avoid a fire accident, do not use flammable materials. 2) Piping and wiring should be exposed so that failures can be easily found and repaired. 3) As a power source, it is necessary to equip a solar cell and a private power generator in case of a failure to supply general commercial power. 4) Ensure the availability of drinking water and food systematically. 5) In order to supply fresh air, secure intake and filter devices from a safe place. 6) Plan to discharge domestic wastewater and human waste for a comfortable evacuation life. 7) In order to efficiently drain inflow water such as rainwater and groundwater in addition to general domestic wastewater, it is preferable that the drainage equipment and the shelter main body have a longitudinal inclination. 8) Water and air are buried in the underground that is not exposed to radiation over the entire length from the sampling location to the underground shelter, and are introduced into the shelter main body 1 through the above-mentioned entrance / exit passage 6. Is preferred.

[0018]

(1) In a subterranean shelter comprising a cylindrical shelter body which is buried substantially horizontally and is substantially sealed, a plurality of steel frames are arranged from the inside to the outside, and the inside and outside are arranged. A concrete structure is prepared by filling concrete with the steel frames of a suitable distance from each other, dispersing granular or massive lead of an appropriate size and shape in the concrete, and mixing reinforcing fibers of an appropriate length. By doing so, it is extremely strong and is not easily destroyed, and it is possible to protect refugees safely from adverse effects such as radioactivity. (2) The interior is divided into multi-story floors, and water and sewage pipes, air inflow and outflow pipes, power line and communication line pipes are piped, and a private evacuation room and an unspecified number of people By providing an evacuation room, a large number of people can spend a comfortable evacuation life over a long period of time. (3) By arranging at least one turn of the entrance / exit passage for entering / exiting the outside and providing the exit height to the ground at a position higher than the ground surface, direct irradiation of radiation or the like can be avoided. (4) A high-strength settlement constructed in a recreation area or a summer resort, by scattering a large number of independent and resident buildings and constructing it underground as a whole as a group of settlements. It can be organically combined with the substructure.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a shelter body of an underground shelter of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II of the shelter main body of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an entrance / exit passage of the shelter main body of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a plan layout view of an entrance passage of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an on-site excavation work diagram for constructing the shelter body of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a steel frame assembly of the shelter body of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of construction of the first steel frame of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an assembly diagram of the first steel frame of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of attaching a formwork to the first steel frame in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a column steel frame and a beam steel frame inside the shelter body of FIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing dispersion of lead in concrete.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an assembled state of steel frames and reinforcing bars of both end wall bodies of the shelter main body.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an embodiment in which an underground shelter is constructed under a foundation ground for a group of settlements.

FIG. 14 is a plan view of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shelter main body 2 Basement room 2a Corner part 3 First living room 3a Corridor 3b Door room 3c Sliding door 4 Second living room 5 Top floor room 6 Doorway 6a Doorway 7 Yaita 8 Kuriishi 9a First steel frame 9b Second steel frame 9c Third steel frame 9d 4th steel frame 9d 'connection material 10 connection steel frame 11 connection steel frame 12 width wood 13 width wood 14 discarded concrete 15 board 16 adhesive tape 17 board 18 adhesive tape 19 main pillar steel 19a groove 19b groove 20 pillar steel 21 first beam steel 22 2 beam steel frame 23 third beam steel frame 24 fourth beam steel frame 25 steel frame 26 steel bar 27 steel frame 28 formwork GL ground surface P lead

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An underground shelter comprising a cylindrical shelter body which is buried substantially horizontally underground and substantially sealed, wherein multiple steel frames are arranged from the inside to the outside, and the inside and outside steel frames are arranged. Concrete is filled while maintaining an appropriate distance from each other, and granular or massive lead of an appropriate size and shape is dispersed in the concrete, and reinforcing fibers of an appropriate length are mixed therein. Characterized underground shelter. 2. The underground shelter according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the cylindrical shelter body is a triangle, a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle, a polygon, a trapezoid, or a kamaboko. 3. The interior is divided into multi-story floors, and water and sewage pipes, air inflow / outflow pipes, power line / communication line pipes are piped, and a private evacuation room and an unspecified number of persons The underground shelter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an evacuation room is provided. 4. An entrance / exit passage for entrance / exit to / from the outside, wherein the entrance / exit passage is formed at least one turn, and an exit height to the ground is provided at a position higher than the ground surface. Underground shelter as described in. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein a large number of independent and residentable buildings are scattered and constructed under the substructures constituting a group of settlements as a whole. Underground shelter as described.