JP2000304397A - Cold and warm storage cabinet - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To flexibly deal with an execution of cooling, heating of a plurality of chambers by utilizing a heat exchanger as a condenser when a refrigerant is supplied from a compressor into an indoor heat exchanger or as an evaporator when a refrigerant is supplied from an outdoor heat exchanger into an indoor heat exchanger. SOLUTION: A three-way switching solenoid valve 4 switches a refrigerant channel to feed a refrigerant discharged from a compressor 1 to an outdoor heat exchanger 5 or to any of a first indoor heat exchanger 12 and a second heat exchanger 18 or feed suction refrigerant from the exchanger 5 to an accumulator 21 through the valve 4 itself. Incidentally, a flow of the refrigerant through the compressor 1, the valve 4 and the exchanger 5 is realized through piping C, flows of the refrigerant from the compressor 1 to the exchangers 12, 18 are realized through piping A, and a flow of the refrigerant from the valve 4 to the accumulator 12 is realized through a part of piping D and a part of piping E.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigerator and a refrigerator for storing and storing foods and the like, and more particularly to a refrigerator and a refrigerator for transporting foods and the like while loading and storing the foods in a refrigerator. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, a refrigerating car having two chambers, a front chamber and a rear chamber, has a refrigerant evaporator installed only on the freezing room side, and an opening and a blower are provided between the freezing room and the refrigerating room. Is established,
The refrigerator was cooled by introducing cold air in the freezer to the refrigerator.

As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-161379, a refrigeration system is installed only in one chamber, and a heat exchanger is provided in both chambers, and brine is passed between the heat exchangers. One that cools a room in which a refrigeration apparatus is not installed has been proposed.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a vehicle refrigerating / heating device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-161379. In this figure, cooling of the front and rear chambers is performed in the following manner. The refrigeration cycle 300 is installed only in the front room 110, and the rear room 120 is cooled by the refrigerant evaporator 3 in the front room 110.
The brine cooled by the first heat exchanger 400 placed at the outlet of the second heat exchanger 60 is supplied to the second heat exchanger 60 placed at the rear chamber 120.
0 and the rear blower 510 cools the rear chamber air.

On the other hand, the case where the front and rear chambers are heated is as follows. The brine heated by the combustion type heater 700 is supplied to the first heat exchanger 400 and the second heat exchanger 600 by a pump 8.
30, the front blower 210, the rear blower 51
0 heats air in both chambers. As described above,
The device disclosed in JP-A-63-161379 discloses cooling and cooling of the front chamber.
The system is capable of heating and cooling / heating the rear chamber.

[0006]

However, when the rear chamber 120 is to be cooled, the above-described apparatus is not suitable for the front chamber 1.
The brine in the first heat exchanger 400 is cooled by the blown air passing through the ten refrigerant evaporators 310 and the second heat exchanger 600
Therefore, a temperature difference (the heat exchanger temperature is high) is required between the first heat exchanger 400 and the air in the front chamber 110, and the second heat exchanger 600 and the air in the rear chamber 120 are used. And a temperature difference (the heat exchanger temperature is low) is required. Therefore, the air temperature in the rear chamber 120 must be higher than the air temperature in the front chamber 110. For this reason, for example, it is difficult to transport cargo that requires low-temperature transport such as ice cream. In addition, when the combination of the transport temperature and the amount of cargo changes, it is not possible to flexibly cope with the above-mentioned restrictions.

Further, the refrigeration cycle 300 installed in the front room 110 has to bear the refrigeration load of the rear room 120, so that it is inevitably increased in size, and its mountability deteriorates. . Furthermore, since the refrigerant pipe and the brine pipe are complicatedly complicated in both chambers, there is a problem in terms of the reliability of the apparatus.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide cooling in a plurality of rooms.
An object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized and high-reliability refrigeration apparatus that can flexibly cope with heating of the plurality of chambers.

[0009]

The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, the refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1 is a pipe extending from one compressor, and a plurality of in-compartment heat exchangers installed in each of the plurality of chambers are connected in parallel via the electromagnetic valve. A pipe (A) that branches off in the road and a pipe extending from one external heat exchanger, wherein the plurality of internal heat exchangers are connected in series with an electromagnetic valve and an expansion valve, respectively. A pipe (B) branched in the path to be connected in parallel via a bypass provided with a check valve in parallel with the pipe (A), and a portion of the pipe (A) before branching in the pipe (A). A pipe (C) connecting the connection point and the external heat exchanger via a three-way switching solenoid valve, and a pipe extending from the remaining one of the three-way switching solenoid valves. Then, each of the pipes (A) branched corresponding to the plurality of internal heat exchangers is A pipe (D) that is branched in the road for connection via an electromagnetic valve, and a pipe that is connected to a portion of the pipe (D) before branching in the pipe (D), wherein the connection point is A refrigerant circuit having at least a pipe (E) for connecting to a compressor, and when supplying the refrigerant from the compressor to at least one of the plurality of internal heat exchangers, Using the received heat exchanger as a condenser, when supplying the refrigerant from the external heat exchanger to at least one internal heat exchanger of the plurality of internal heat exchangers,
The heat exchanger supplied is used as an evaporator.

According to this, it is possible to independently operate the plurality of internal heat exchangers, that is, perform cooling or heating for the plurality of chambers independently. For example, focusing on a certain one of the plurality of chambers described above and performing a heating operation on the chamber, the refrigerant flows from the compressor to the pipe (A).
If it is set to flow through the in-compartment heat exchanger installed in the one room, since the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows from the compressor, the in-compartment heat exchanger at this time acts as a condenser,
The surrounding air (that is, the one room) is heated. On the other hand, considering a case where a cooling operation is performed by paying attention to a certain other room, the refrigerant flows from the external heat exchanger through the pipe (B) to the internal heat exchanger installed in the other room. If it is set so that the refrigerant flows from the compressor to the external heat exchanger, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor condenses in the external heat exchanger and evaporates in the internal heat exchanger. I do. That is, the in-compartment heat exchanger acts as an evaporator, and the air around it (that is, the other room) is cooled. The heating operation in these one room and the cooling operation in the other room are performed by appropriately operating a three-way switching solenoid valve, a solenoid valve arranged everywhere, and the like.
Each is realized independently. Further, in such an operation, the heating operation or the cooling operation can be freely stopped and restarted irrespective of one of the rooms or the other rooms. The embodiment will be described in detail). Incidentally, in the present invention, it is natural that, for example, a heating operation or a cooling operation can be performed in all the rooms other than the above-described operation method.

In the present invention, for example, in the pipe (E), an accumulator is provided between the compressor and the connection point between the pipe (D) and the pipe (E), or the compressor is connected to the three-way switch. A check valve is provided between the solenoid valve and a discharge pressure control valve capable of appropriately adjusting the refrigerant discharge pressure from the compressor. Further, a pipe (B) connecting the external heat exchanger and the internal heat exchanger It is a matter of course that, in addition to the above-described components, such as an expansion valve, an element for improving the flow of the refrigerant or an element contributing to an effective cooling operation or heating operation may be separately provided.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a refrigerant circuit provided in a refrigerator device according to the present invention.

As is well known, the compressor 1 compresses a refrigerant to a high temperature and a high pressure state and discharges it. The discharge pressure control valve 2 detects the refrigerant discharge pressure of the compressor 1, and when the discharge pressure rises above a preset pressure, the valve opening degree is inversely proportional to the difference between the discharge pressure and the set pressure value. The suction flow path of the compressor 1 is restricted, and the discharge pressure is suppressed below a set value.

The three-way switching solenoid valve 4 transfers the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 to the external heat exchanger 5 and the first internal heat exchanger 1
The refrigerant flow is switched to either the second internal heat exchanger 18 or the second internal heat exchanger 18, or the refrigerant flow path is switched so that the intake refrigerant flows from the external heat exchanger 5 to the accumulator 21 via the three-way switching electromagnetic valve 4 itself. . Incidentally, the compressor 1 described above,
The flow of the refrigerant of the three-way switching solenoid valve 4 and the external heat exchanger 5 is realized by the “piping C”, the compressor 1, the first internal heat exchanger 12, and the second internal heat exchange in the compressor 1. "Piping A" also realizes the flow of the refrigerant reaching the heat exchanger 18, and a part of "Piping D" and "Piping E" also realize the flow of the refrigerant from the three-way switching solenoid valve 4 to the accumulator 21. , Respectively. Here, the “part” is a pipe in which the pipe D extends from the three-way switching electromagnetic valve 4 to the first internal heat exchanger 12 and the second internal heat exchanger 18 instead of the accumulator 21. However, this is because the pipe is branched from the pipe D (in the present embodiment, thereafter via the accumulator 21) and reaches the compressor 1.

The first internal heat exchanger 12 and the solenoid valves 9 and expansion valves 10, the solenoid valves 13, the solenoid valves 14,
The non-return valve 11, piping for connecting the check valve 11, and other auxiliary equipment (not shown) are provided in the first chamber 51.
Similarly, the second in-compartment heat exchanger 18 and the solenoid valve 15 and the expansion valve 16 also described later are provided in the second chamber 52. These first chamber 51 and second chamber 52 are:
More specifically, it is assumed to be a separate refrigeration room or the like that is attached to or mounted on a vehicle and has been subjected to heat insulation. However, in the present invention, the form applied as such a "vehicle" refrigerator / refrigerator is only suitable, and the embodiment is not intended to be limited to this.

The receiver 8 has reached the inner bottom of the container with the two pipes to be connected, and the refrigerant flows in both directions in the illustrated refrigerant circuit (from the right to the left in the drawing when viewed around the receiver 8). Or a flow from left to right). Expansion valve 7
Functions as a throttle mechanism when the external heat exchanger 5 functions as an evaporator, and the check valve 6 is provided in a bypass path to the expansion valve 7. This check valve 6 is connected to the external heat exchanger 5
Is used when it acts as a capacitor (described again when referring to FIGS. 3 and 6).

The solenoid valve 9 and the expansion valve 10 open when the first in-compartment heat exchanger 12 functions as an evaporator, and close when it functions as a condenser and is turned off by a thermostat. Here, the thermostat (not shown) refers to monitoring the temperature of the room (in the present case, inside the first chamber 51) and based on the result, each component in the refrigerant circuit (in this case, the inside of the first chamber 51). It controls the operation of the heat exchanger 12). The solenoid valve 13 opens when the first internal heat exchanger 12 acts as a condenser, and closes when it acts as an evaporator and is turned off by a thermostat. The solenoid valve 14 closes when the first internal heat exchanger 12 functions as a condenser and opens when the first internal heat exchanger 12 functions as an evaporator. Note that the check valve 11 includes the solenoid valve 9 and the expansion valve 1.
0, the first internal heat exchanger 1
Used when 2 acts as a capacitor. In summary, when the first internal heat exchanger 12 acts as an evaporator, the solenoid valve 9 and the expansion valve 10 are opened, the solenoid valve 13 is opened, the solenoid valve 14 is closed, and the heat exchanger 12 acts as a condenser. When it is turned off by the thermostat, the solenoid valve 9 and the expansion valve 10 are closed, the bypass of the check valve 11 is opened, the solenoid valve 13 is closed, and the solenoid valve 14 is opened.

The solenoid valve 15, the expansion valve 16, the solenoid valve 19,
The solenoid valve 20 and the check valve 17 are respectively provided with the solenoid valve 9 described above.
And expansion valve 10, solenoid valve 13, solenoid valve 14, check valve 11
Operates in accordance with the state of the first internal heat exchanger 12 (evaporator, condenser, or the like), and has the same effect on the second internal heat exchanger 18. In this case,
A thermostat having the same function as described above is also provided in the second chamber 52.

Incidentally, the receiver 8 and the expansion valve 7 and the check valve 6 described above, the solenoid valve 9 and the expansion valve 10 and the check valve 1
1, and the solenoid valve 15, the expansion valve 16 and the check valve 17
The refrigerant flow from the external heat exchanger 5 to the first internal heat exchanger 12 and the second internal heat exchanger 18 is provided in the path of the “pipe B” according to claim 1. It is what is being done. The solenoid valve 13 and the solenoid valve 19 are provided in the above-described "pipe A" path, and the solenoid valves 14 and 20 are provided in the "pipe D" path.

The operation and effect of the refrigerant circuit having the above configuration will be described below with reference to FIGS.

Prior to the description, the operating state of each component in the refrigerant circuit, such as the above-mentioned solenoid valve, and the flow of the refrigerant are shown in FIGS. Here are some of the promises. First, the solenoid valves (symbols 4, 9, 15 and the like) are shown as filled in the closed state, outlined in the open state, and partially painted (black and white) in the state controlled to open and close by the thermostat. is there. As for the expansion valves (symbols 7, 10, 16 and the like), those which are in a bypassed and inactive state are painted out, and those which are operating as a throttle mechanism are outlined. Further, check valves (reference numerals 6, 1)
1, 17) indicate the closed state of the valve, and the open state is outlined.

As for the three-way switching electromagnetic valve 4, a portion where the valve is closed is painted out and a portion where the valve is connected is shown as white. Note that the discharge pressure control valve 2 is a mechanical automatic valve, and as described above, constantly changes the valve opening in accordance with the discharge pressure of the compressor 1, so that it is not affected by the operation mode (described later). It is shown by partial coating that the opening and closing are controlled. In the refrigerant circuit, a portion where the refrigerant is flowing is indicated by a thick solid line, and a portion where the refrigerant is not flowing is indicated by a thin solid line. Further, the flow direction of the refrigerant is indicated by arrows.

As can be seen from FIGS. 2 to 4 on the basis of the above-mentioned promise, in the present embodiment, the first chamber 51 and the second chamber 52 are both in a cooling operation, and both of them are heated. Three operation modes are realized, in which the operation is performed, and one of the rooms is in the cooling operation, and the other is in the heating operation. That is, the refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention can arbitrarily select any of the three operation modes of the two-chamber cooling, the two-chamber heating, the one-chamber cooling and the one-chamber heating without any particular restrictions. Hereinafter, each of these operation modes will be described in detail.

First, the two-chamber cooling operation mode will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 shows the operation state of each component and the flow of the refrigerant during the cooling operation of both the first internal heat exchanger 12 and the second internal heat exchanger 18. The refrigerant is discharged from the compressor 1,
After being condensed in the external heat exchanger 5 through the check valve 3 and the three-way switching electromagnetic valve 4, the condensate is supplied to the first chamber 51 and the second chamber 52 through the check valve 6 and the receiver 8.

In the first chamber 51, the refrigerant passes through the solenoid valve 9 (opened and closed by the thermostat), is decompressed and expanded by the expansion valve 10, is evaporated by the first internal heat exchanger 12, and is evaporated by the solenoid valve 14.
, The circulation is completed by reaching the accumulator 21, the discharge pressure control valve 2, and the compressor 1. The second room 52 is also the first room 5
Similarly to 1, the refrigerant circulates in a flow to the solenoid valve 15, the expansion valve 16, the second internal heat exchanger 18, the solenoid valve 20, the accumulator 21, the discharge pressure control valve 2, and the compressor 1.

In this operation mode, it is clear that even if the operation on one side is stopped by a thermostat or the like, the operation on the other side can be continued without any influence.

Next, the two-chamber heating operation mode will be described with reference to FIG. The refrigerant is discharged from the compressor 1 and supplied directly to the first chamber 51 and the second chamber 52. In the first chamber 51, the refrigerant is supplied from the electromagnetic valve 13 to the first internal heat exchanger 12 and condensed. Thereafter, through the check valve 11, the receiver 8, the expansion valve 7
, And evaporates in the external heat exchanger 5, and the three-way switching solenoid valve 4,
Compressor 1 through accumulator 21 and discharge pressure control valve 2
And the circulation of the refrigerant is completed. Similarly to the first chamber 51, the solenoid valve 19 and the second internal heat exchanger 1 are also provided in the second chamber 52.
8. The refrigerant merges with the refrigerant flowing out of the first chamber 51 via the check valve 17. In this manner, both the first chamber 51 and the second chamber 52 are heated by the refrigerant condensation heat in the first internal heat exchanger 12 and the second internal heat exchanger 18.

The solenoid valves 13 and 19 are turned on / off by a thermostat or the like, but even if the operation on one side is stopped, the operation on the other side can be continued. During one-side operation, the discharge pressure of the compressor 1 increases because the condensation capacity decreases,
As described above, by controlling the amount of refrigerant flowing into the compressor 1 by the discharge pressure control valve 2, the discharge pressure can be controlled to a set value or less, and stable operation is possible.

Finally, the one-chamber cooling / one-chamber heating operation mode will be described with reference to FIGS. 4, 5 and 6. FIG. FIG. 4 shows the operation state of each component and the flow of the refrigerant while the first chamber 51 is performing the heating operation and the second chamber 52 is performing the cooling operation. The refrigerant is discharged from the compressor 1, a part thereof flows into the external heat exchanger 5 via the check valve 3 and condenses, and is supplied to the second chamber 52 via the check valve 6 and the receiver 8. In the second chamber 52, the refrigerant passes through the solenoid valve 15 and the expansion valve 16 and the second internal heat exchanger 1
Evaporates at 8, and circulates to the solenoid valve 20, the accumulator 21, the discharge pressure control valve 2, and the compressor 1. Thus, the second chamber 52 is cooled. On the other hand, the refrigerant branched upstream of the three-way switching electromagnetic valve 4 is supplied to the first chamber 51 and supplied from the electromagnetic valve 13 to the first internal heat exchanger 12 and condensed. Thereafter, the refrigerant merges with the refrigerant supplied from the receiver 8 to the second chamber 52 through the check valve 11. Thus, the first chamber 51 is heated. In addition, since the first chamber 51 and the second chamber 52 have the same refrigerant cycle, the same result is obtained regardless of which one is selected for heating or cooling. In other words, heating and cooling operations can be selected in both chambers without any restrictions.

FIG. 5 shows an operation state where only the heating operation side (first chamber 51 in FIG. 5) is stopped by a thermostat or the like from the operation state shown in FIG. By closing the electromagnetic valve 13, only the supply of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 to the first chamber 51 is stopped, and the operation of the second chamber 52 can be continued.

FIG. 6 shows an operation state when only the cooling operation side (the second chamber 52 in FIG. 6) is stopped by a thermostat or the like from the operation state shown in FIG. The operation state of the first chamber 51 that is performing the heating operation does not change, but the three-way switching electromagnetic valve 4 is switched to reverse the flow of the refrigerant passing through the external heat exchanger 5. Specifically, the refrigerant flowing out of the first chamber 51 is reduced in pressure by the expansion valve 7 via the receiver 8, evaporated by the external heat exchanger 5, and sent to the accumulator 21 and the compressor 1 via the three-way switching solenoid valve 4. And circulate. Thus, even in one-chamber cooling / one-chamber heating, it is possible to continuously operate in response to one-side stop.

In the above embodiment, the case where only two chambers of the first chamber 51 and the second chamber 52 are provided as the chambers to be cooled or heated has been described. It is not limited. That is, the number of the chambers may be generally two or more. In such a case, the in-compartment heat exchanger is installed in each of the chambers, and the pipe connection similar to that shown in FIG. Can be operated in parallel and independently.

[0033]

As described above, in the refrigerating and refrigerating apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the cooling operation and the heating operation can be performed in all the rooms in a plurality of rooms. A cooling operation or a heating operation can be performed (including independent operation stop and operation restart for each room). Further, the configuration of the refrigerant circuit constituting the refrigeration apparatus is not particularly complicated. As a result, the refrigerating and refrigerating apparatus according to the present invention can flexibly cope with temperature adjustment and the like with respect to the plurality of chambers, and is small and has high reliability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of a refrigerant circuit provided in a refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an operation state of each component and a flow of a refrigerant when a cooling operation is performed in both a first chamber and a second chamber in the refrigerant circuit shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing operation states of components and a flow of a refrigerant when a heating operation is performed in both a first chamber and a second chamber in the refrigerant circuit shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the operating state of each component and the flow of the refrigerant when the heating operation is performed in the first chamber and the cooling operation is performed in the second chamber in the refrigerant circuit illustrated in FIG. 1; .

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an operation state of each component and a flow of a refrigerant when the operation of only the first chamber is stopped in the operation mode shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an operation state of each component and a flow of refrigerant when the operation of only the second chamber is stopped in the operation mode shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of a conventional vehicle refrigeration unit.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor 2 Discharge pressure control valve 3 Check valve 4 Three-way switching solenoid valve 5 External heat exchanger 6 Check valve 7 Expansion valve 8 Receiver 9, 15 Solenoid valve 10, 16 Expansion valve 11, 17 Check valve 12th One internal heat exchanger 18 Second internal heat exchanger 13, 19 Solenoid valve 14, 20 Solenoid valve 21 Accumulator 51 First chamber 52 Second chamber

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pipe extending from one compressor, wherein a plurality of in-compartment heat exchangers installed in each of a plurality of chambers are branched in a path to connect them in parallel via an electromagnetic valve. A pipe (A), a pipe extending from one outside-compartment heat exchanger, wherein the plurality of inside-compartment heat exchangers are respectively connected in parallel with an electromagnetic valve and an expansion valve connected in series. A pipe (B) branched in the path for parallel connection via a bypass including a check valve, and a pipe connected to a portion of the pipe (A) before branching in the pipe (A). A pipe (C) for connecting the connection point to the external heat exchanger via a three-way switching electromagnetic valve, and a pipe extending from the remaining one of the three-way switching electromagnetic valves. Each of the pipes (A) branched corresponding to the heat exchanger is connected via an electromagnetic valve. Pipe (D) that is branched in the road, and a pipe that is connected to a portion of the pipe (D) before branching in the pipe (D) and that connects the connection point and the compressor ( E) when the refrigerant is supplied from the compressor to at least one of the plurality of in-compartment heat exchangers of the plurality of in-compartment heat exchangers, the supplied heat exchanger is connected to a condenser. When supplying a refrigerant from the external heat exchanger to at least one internal heat exchanger of the plurality of internal heat exchangers, the supplied heat exchanger is used as an evaporator. A refrigerating and refrigerating apparatus characterized in that: