JP2000281657A - Production of n-substituted cyclic amidine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To selectively obtain an N-substituted cyclic amidine in a high yield without requiring a special reactor vessel by reacting a specific cyclic amidine with a carbonic acid diester, while removing the by-product carbon dioxide outside the system. SOLUTION: This method for producing an N-substituted cyclic amidine comprises reacting (A) a cyclic amidine of the formula [R is a (OH-substituted) 1-20C monovalent hydrocarbon or H; Q is a (substituted) 2-10C divalent hydrocarbon] (for example, an imidazole) and having an active hydrogen atom bound to a nitrogen atom constituting the heterocylic group, preferably selected from among imidazole derivatives, imidazoline derivatives and pyrimidine derivatives, with (B) a carbonic acid diester (preferably 2-8C dialkyl ester) (for example, diethyl carbonate) in an A/B reaction molar ratio of 1/5 to 1/1, if necessary, in a solvent (preferably an aprotic solvent) (for example, tetrahydrofuran), while the by-produced carbon dioxide gas is removed outside the system.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing an N-substituted cyclic amidine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method for producing an N-substituted cyclic amidine, a method of reacting a cyclic amidine having an active hydrogen bonded to a nitrogen atom constituting a heterocyclic ring with an alkyl halide has long been known. . However, in this method, the reactants are N-substituted cyclic amidines and N,
A mixture with the N'-2-substituted cyclic amidine results in a problem of poor yield. To solve this problem, KOH
Reaction of a cyclic amidine with an alkyl halide in the presence of a basic substance such as (JP-B-43-12354).
Publication).

[0003]

However, in this method, a basic substance such as KOH is required to be equimolar to an amidine, and a salt such as KCl is produced as a by-product of the reaction in an equimolar amount. Additional steps are required. K
To use a large amount of strongly alkaline substances such as OH,
As a reaction tank, a glass reaction tank cannot be used, and since a large amount of halide is produced as a by-product, a stainless steel reaction tank cannot be used due to corrosiveness, and Teflon (registered trademark) cannot be used.
There is a problem that requires a very special reaction tank such as lining.

[0004]

The present inventors have obtained N-alkyl 1-substituted cyclic amidines selectively in high yield,
Moreover, as a result of intensive studies on a production method that does not require a special reaction tank, the present invention has been reached.

That is, the present invention provides a reaction between a cyclic amidine (a) having active hydrogen bonded to a nitrogen atom constituting a heterocycle and a carbonic acid diester (b) to remove by-produced carbon dioxide gas out of the system. Reacting, N
A method for producing a substituted cyclic amidine (c), wherein (c) obtained by the method is converted to a quaternizing agent (d) having a substituent different from the substituent bonded to the nitrogen atom of (c). Asymmetric quaternary amidinium salt (e)
A method for producing an anion of (e) obtained by the production method, wherein the anion of (e) is perchloric acid, tetrafluoroboric acid, hexafluorophosphoric acid, hexafluoroarsenic acid, hexafluoroantimonic acid, perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid A method for producing an electrolyte (g) for a non-aqueous electrolytic solution, wherein anion exchange is performed with one or more acids (f) selected from the group consisting of perfluoroalkanesulfonylimide and perfluoroalkanesulfonylimide; (G) is a cyclic carbonate, a chain carbonate,
A method for producing a non-aqueous electrolytic solution (i), characterized by being dissolved in a solvent (h) selected from the group consisting of cyclic sulfones and ethers; and a non-aqueous electrolytic solution obtained by the production method An electrolyte for liquids.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The cyclic amidine (a) used in the present invention has an active hydrogen bonded to a nitrogen atom constituting a heterocyclic ring, and those represented by the general formula (1) can be used.

[0007]

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[Wherein R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (such as an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an aralkyl group) or a hydrogen atom which may be substituted with a hydroxyl group; To 5 monovalent hydrocarbon groups, amino groups, nitro groups,
Represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms (such as an alkylene group, an arylene group, or an alkenylene group) which may be substituted with a cyano group, a carboxyl group, or an aldehyde group. Examples of R include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-, i-propyl group, an n-, i-, t-, sec-butyl group, a phenyl group, a benzyl group, and a hydroxyethyl group. Examples of Q include an ethylene group, a propylene group, a methylethylene group, an ethenyl group, a methylethenyl group, an aminoethylene group, a nitroethylene group, a cyanoethylene group, a carboxyethylene group, and a formylethylene group. Specific examples of (a) include the following. -Imidazole derivatives: 2,4-dimethylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 2-undecylimidazole, and preferably imidazole,
-Methylimidazole, 2-ethylimidazole, 2-
Butyrimidazole, 4-methylimidazole, 2-phenylimidazole, 2-benzylimidazole, benzimidazole, etc .; Imidazoline derivatives: 2,4-dimethylimidazoline, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazoline, 2-undecylimidazoline, and preferably Is imidazoline, 2
-Methylimidazoline, 2-ethylimidazoline, 2-
Butyrimidazoline, 4-methylimidazoline, 2-phenylimidazoline, 2-benzylimidazoline and the like; pyrimidine derivatives: 2-ethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine, 2-benzyl-1,4,5,6
-Tetrahydropyrimidine, and preferably 1,4,
5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine, 2-methyl-1,
4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine and the like More preferable among these are imidazole, 2
-Methylimidazole, imidazoline, 2-methylimidazoline, 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine and 2-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine.

The diester carbonate (b) used in the present invention
As the substituent, one having 1 to 12 or more carbon atoms such as dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl-i-propyl carbonate, di-n-propyl carbonate, di-i-propyl carbonate, Di-n-butyl carbonate, di-i-butyl carbonate, di-t-butyl carbonate, di-sec-
Butyl carbonate, dipentyl carbonate, dihexyl carbonate, diheptyl carbonate, dioctyl carbonate, dibenzyl carbonate, dinonyl carbonate, didecyl carbonate, diundecyl carbonate, didodecyl carbonate, and the like. Among them, preferred are those having the same two substituents, particularly dialkyl carbonic acid having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, from the viewpoint of the selectivity of the reaction and the reaction rate.

Although the reaction molar ratio of (a) and (b) in the present invention is not particularly limited, it is usually (a) / (b) = 1/5 to 1/1 from the viewpoint of the selectivity of the reaction. Preferably, (a) / (b) = 1/2 to 1/1.

The process (c) in the present invention may be carried out using a solvent. In that case, an aprotic solvent is preferred from the viewpoint of the reaction yield.

The aprotic solvents used in the present invention include the following organic solvents, and two or more of these may be used in combination. Ethers: chain ethers [C2 to C6 (dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether,
Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether), carbon number 7
To 16 (di-n-butyl ether, dibenzyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, etc.)]; cyclic ethers (tetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxolan, 1,4-dioxane, etc.). Ketones: chain ketones [C2 to C6 (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, etc.), C7 to C16 (di-n-butyl ketone, dibenzyl ketone, etc.)]; cyclic ketones (cyclohexanone, etc.). Amides: chain amides [C 2 to C 6 (N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide,
N, N-dimethylpropionamide, etc.), having 7 to 1 carbon atoms
6 (hexamethylphosphorylamide, etc.)]; cyclic amides (N-methylpyrrolidone, etc.). Lactones: having 2 to 4 carbon atoms (γ-butyrolactone, α
-Acetyl-γ-butyrolactone, β-butyrolactone, etc.); having 5 to 12 carbon atoms (γ-valerolactone, δ-valerolactone, etc.). -Nitriles: sulfoxides such as acetonitrile, propionitrile, acrylonitrile: linear sulfoxides (dimethyl sulfoxide, diethyl sulfoxide, etc.);
Cyclic sulfoxide (sulfolane, 3-methylsulfolane, 2,4-dimethylsulfolane, etc.).・ Aromatics: toluene, xylene, etc. ・ Paraffins: hexane, cyclohexane, octane, isooctane, etc. ・ Heterocyclic organic solvents: N-methyl-2-oxazolidinone, 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxazolidinone, 1,3
-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, etc. Among the above, preferred are ethers, more preferred are chain ethers and cyclic ethers having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and particularly preferred are dimethyl ether and diethyl ether. Ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxolan, 1,4-dioxane and the like.

The amount of the solvent used in the production method (c) of the present invention is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of industrial production rate, it is usually 0.2 to 10% based on the weight of the cyclic amidine.
Times, preferably 0.5 to 3 times.

The reaction temperature is not particularly limited, but is usually 100 to 250 ° C., preferably 120 to 250 ° C., from the viewpoint of the reaction rate.
To 220 ° C, particularly preferably 150 to 200 ° C.
The pressure during the reaction is usually 0 to 20 kgG / cm ² , preferably 3 to 10 kgG from the viewpoint of the reaction rate and safety.
/ Cm ² .

The reaction in the production method of the present invention (c) proceeds according to the following reaction formula (2):

[0016]

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[In the formula, R ¹ represents a substituent different from R. ]
Equimolar amounts of carbon dioxide and alcohol are by-produced during the reaction. Therefore, from the viewpoint of industrial reaction control and safety, the reaction proceeds while removing carbon dioxide gas, which is usually a by-product, out of the system. There is no particular restriction on how to remove carbon dioxide gas.
Usually, a method of selectively removing only carbon dioxide gas while condensing a solvent through a reflux condenser in a pressurized state and returning the solvent to the system is employed. The progress of the reaction can be checked by checking the amount of carbon dioxide gas generated. The end point of the reaction can be confirmed by stopping generation of carbon dioxide gas or by analysis such as liquid chromatography, and the selectivity of the product and the reaction can be confirmed by liquid chromatography, NMR, or the like. The selectivity of the reaction is usually 70 to 100%, preferably 9%.
0 to 100%.

In the present invention, (e) is obtained by converting (c) obtained by the production method of the present invention using a quaternizing agent (d) having a substituent different from the substituent bonded to the nitrogen atom of (c). Can be manufactured. The quaternizing agent (d) has a substituent having 1 to 12 or more carbon atoms, and specific examples thereof include the following. Dialkyl carbonates: dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate,
Diethyl carbonate, methyl-i-propyl carbonate, di-n-propyl carbonate, di-i-propyl carbonate, di-n-butyl carbonate, di-i-butyl carbonate, di-t-butyl carbonate, di-s
ec-butyl carbonate, dipentyl carbonate, dihexyl carbonate,
Diheptyl carbonate, dioctyl carbonate, dibenzyl carbonate, dinonyl carbonate, didecyl carbonate, diundecyl carbonate, didodecyl carbonate, and the like; dialkyl sulfates: dimethyl sulfate, diethyl sulfate, and others in which the above-described carbon dioxide of dialkyl carbonate is replaced with sulfuric acid; alkyl (or aralkyl) ) Halides: methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, n-propyl chloride,
i-propyl chloride, n-butyl chloride, i-
Butyl chloride, t-butyl chloride, sec-butyl chloride, pentyl chloride, hexyl chloride, heptyl chloride, octyl chloride, benzyl chloride, nonyl chloride, decyl chloride, undecyl chloride, dodecyl chloride, etc. Bromine and iodine may be used. Among these, preferred from the viewpoint of the reaction rate are dialkyl sulfates and alkyl halides, and the products are quaternary amidinium monoalkyl sulfate and quaternary amidinium halide, respectively. On the other hand, when (e) is used as a raw material for an electrolytic solution, dialkyl carbonates which do not have a risk of halogen ions or sulfate ions being mixed are preferable. In this case, the product is a quaternary amidinium monoalkyl carbonate. Among the dialkyl carbonates, those more preferred from the viewpoint of the reaction rate and selectivity are those having the same two alkyl groups, particularly a dialkyl carbonate having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.

In the present invention, the reaction molar ratio of (c) and (d) is not particularly limited, but is usually (c) from the viewpoint of the reaction rate.
/ (D) = 1/3 to 1/1, preferably (c) /
(D) = 1/2 to 1/1.

The process (e) in the present invention may be carried out using a solvent. In that case, a polar organic solvent is preferred from the viewpoint of the reaction rate.

The polar organic solvent used in the production method (e) in the present invention includes the following organic solvents.
Two or more of these can be used in combination.・ Alcohols: monohydric alcohols (methyl alcohol,
Ethyl alcohol, n- and i-propyl alcohol, n-, i-, sec- and t-butyl alcohol, furfuryl alcohol, benzyl alcohol and the like; 2
Polyhydric alcohols (ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, etc .; trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohols (glycerin, etc.) Ethers: chain ethers (ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, etc.); Ether (tetrahydrofuran, 1,3
-Dioxolan, 1,4-dioxane, etc.). -Amides: formamide, N-methylformamide,
N-ethylformamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-diethylformamide, acetamide, N
-Methylacetamide, N-ethylacetamide, N,
N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-diethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylpropionamide, hexamethylphosphorylamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-ethylpyrrolidone and the like. Lactones: γ-butyrolactone, α-acetyl-γ
-Butyrolactone, β-butyrolactone, γ-valerolactone, δ-valerolactone and the like. Nitriles: acetonitrile, propionitrile, butyronitrile, valeronitrile, benzonitrile, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile and the like. Sulfoxides: dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane,
3-methylsulfolane, 2,4-dimethylsulfolane and the like. -Other organic solvents: heterocyclic solvents (N-methyl-2-oxazolidinone, 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxazolidinone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, etc.)

The above-mentioned solvents are liquid at room temperature and are usually used for dissolving (c) and (d), and have a boiling point of usually from 35 to 260 ° C, preferably from 50 to 200 ° C.
It is. Preferred as solvents are alcohols, amides, nitriles and lactones from the viewpoint of reaction rate, and particularly preferred as alcohols are methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, ethylene glycol and amide. Classes are N-methylformamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, nitrites are acetonitrile and benzonitrile, and lactones are γ-butyrolactone.

The amount of the solvent used is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.2 to 10 based on the weight of (c) from the viewpoint of the reaction rate.
Times, preferably 0.5 to 3 times.

The reaction temperature is not particularly limited, but is usually 100 to 250 ° C., preferably 120 ° C., from the viewpoint of the reaction rate.
~ 200 ° C.

The reaction is exothermic, and the progress of the reaction can be confirmed by checking the calorific value, and the confirmation of the product and the end point of the reaction can be confirmed by analysis such as liquid chromatography. .

In the present invention, (g) is an asymmetric quaternary amidinium salt (e) obtained by the production method of the present invention (e).
Is selected from the group consisting of perchloric acid, tetrafluoroboric acid, hexafluorophosphoric acid, hexafluoroarsenic acid, hexafluoroantimonic acid, perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid and perfluoroalkanesulfonylimide Seed or 2
It can be produced by substituting at least one kind of acid (f).

The reaction conditions are as follows: equimolar amounts of (e) and (f)
Can be quantitatively advanced by mixing.
Although the reaction temperature is not particularly limited, it is usually performed at a temperature of 10 to 40 ° C.

As the solvent for the reaction, the solvent used in the production method (e) can be used as it is, or water for dissolving the acid can be additionally used. The amount of water to be added is usually 0.05 to 3 times, preferably 0.1 to 1 time, based on the weight of the solvent.

(E) used in the reaction may be quaternary amidinium monoalkyl sulfate, quaternary amidinium halide or quaternary amidinium monoalkyl sulfate, depending on the quaternizing agent (d) used in the production of (e). It becomes an amidinium monoalkyl carbonate, and the treatment conditions are different for each. When (e) is a quaternary amidinium monoalkyl sulfate, alcohol and sulfuric acid are by-produced with the production of (g). When used as an electrolytic solution, since the incorporation of sulfate ions degrades the quality, usually an equimolar amount of barium hydroxide is further added, and an insoluble barium sulfate precipitate is formed and removed by filtration.
Thereafter, the solvent and the alcohol by-produced are removed by distillation, and (g) is isolated. When (e) is a quaternary amidinium halide, hydrochloric acid is by-produced with the production of (g). When used as an electrolytic solution, since the incorporation of chloride ions deteriorates the quality, usually an equimolar amount of silver oxide is further added to form an insoluble silver chloride precipitate, which is removed by filtration. Thereafter, the solvent was removed by distillation,
(G) is isolated. When (e) is a quaternary amidinium monoalkyl carbonate, alcohol and carbon dioxide are by-produced with the production of (g). Since carbon dioxide gas is generated as a gas and can be removed from the system, the solvent and by-produced alcohol are removed by distillation to isolate (g). Among the above (e), a quaternary amidinium monoalkyl carbonate is preferred from the viewpoint of the simplicity of the reaction and the possibility of mixing impurities.

In the present invention, (i) is an electrolyte for a non-aqueous electrolyte obtained by the production method of the present invention (g), which is selected from the group consisting of cyclic carbonates, chain carbonates, cyclic sulfones and ethers. It can be produced by dissolving in a solvent (h).

As a specific example of (h), (c) of the present invention
The same aprotic solvents that can be used in the production method described above can be used. Further, those exemplified below can also be used, and two or more of these can be used in combination. -Carbonates: chain carbonate (dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, etc.); cyclic carbonate (ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, etc.). The solvent is selected from the viewpoint of electrochemical stability and solubility of the electrolyte, preferably ethers, lactones, carbonates, and sulfoxides, and particularly preferably ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, and butylene. Carbonates such as carbonate, dimethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate or dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane, 3-methyl sulfolane,
Sulfoxides such as 2,4-dimethylsulfolane.

When the electrolyte of the present invention is used by dissolving it in the above-mentioned organic solvent, the concentration of the electrolyte is usually 5 to 4 with respect to the total weight of the electrolytic solution from the viewpoint of electric conductivity and solubility.
0%, preferably 10 to 30%.

(C) obtained by the method of the present invention is useful as an electrolyte raw material such as an electrolytic solution for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor or an electrolytic solution for an electric double layer capacitor. In addition, it is useful as a number of catalysts (eg, isocyanate trimerization catalyst, epoxy resin curing catalyst, etc.). (E) obtained by the method of the present invention is useful as an electrolyte raw material such as an electrolytic solution for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor or an electrolytic solution for an electric double layer capacitor.

[0034]

EXAMPLES Next, specific examples of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the examples, parts indicate parts by weight.

Example 1 In a stainless steel autoclave equipped with a reflux condenser, 144 parts of tetrahydrofuran, 68 parts of imidazole, and 236 parts of diethyl carbonate were charged and uniformly dissolved. Then 1
The temperature was raised to 70 ° C. to start the reaction. Since the pressure gradually increased with the reaction, the reaction was carried out for 6 hours while continuously removing carbon dioxide gas so that the pressure became 6.5 kg / cm ² .
After cooling, the reaction product was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography to find that 1-ethylimidazole 95 mol%,
1,3-diethylimidazolium ethyl carbonate was 3 mol% and imidazole was 2 mol%. The reaction was distilled to give 88 parts of 1-ethylimidazole (yield = 9).
2%).

Example 2 In a stainless steel autoclave equipped with a reflux condenser,
148 parts of 1,3-dioxolane, 68 parts of imidazole,
236 parts of diethyl carbonate were charged and uniformly dissolved. Then, the temperature was raised to 170 ° C. to start the reaction. Since the pressure gradually increased with the reaction, the reaction was carried out for 6 hours while continuously removing carbon dioxide gas so that the pressure became 6.5 kg / cm ² . After cooling, the reaction product was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography to find that it was 96 mol% of 1-ethylimidazole, 2 mol% of 1,3-diethylimidazolium ethyl carbonate, and 2 mol% of imidazole. The reaction product was distilled to obtain 90 parts of 1-ethylimidazole (yield =
94%).

Example 3 In a stainless steel autoclave equipped with a reflux condenser, 268 parts of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 68 parts of imidazole and 180 parts of dimethyl carbonate were uniformly mixed and dissolved. Then, the temperature was raised to 180 ° C. to start the reaction.
Since the pressure gradually increased with the reaction, the pressure was increased to 6.5.
kg / cm ² while continuously removing carbon dioxide
A time reaction was performed. After cooling, the reaction product was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography to find that 1-methylimidazole was 94 mol%, 1,3-dimethylimidazolium methyl carbonate 3 mol%, and imidazole 3 mol%. The reaction was distilled to give 74 parts of 1-methylimidazole (yield = 90%).

Example 4 In a stainless steel autoclave equipped with a reflux condenser,
148 parts of 1,3-dioxolane, 84 parts of 2-methylimidazoline and 236 parts of diethyl carbonate were charged and uniformly dissolved. Then, the temperature was raised to 170 ° C. to start the reaction. As the pressure gradually increased with the reaction, the pressure was 6.5 kg.
The reaction was carried out for 6 hours while continuously removing carbon dioxide gas so that the pressure became / cm ² . After cooling, the reaction product was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography to find that 1 mol of 1-ethyl-2-methylimidazoline, 3 mol% of 1,3-diethyl-2-methylimidazolinium ethyl carbonate, 3 mol% of imidazole 1 Mole%. The reaction product was distilled to obtain 103 parts of 1-ethyl-2-methylimidazoline (yield = 9).
0%).

Example 5 96 parts of 1-ethylimidazole obtained in Example 1, 180 parts of dimethyl carbonate and 128 parts of methanol were charged in a stainless steel autoclave and uniformly dissolved. Then 1
The temperature was raised to 30 ° C. to start the reaction. Pressure about 5kg / cm
^The reaction was carried out at ² for 40 hours. After cooling, the reaction mixture was analyzed by NMR, and it was found that 1-ethylimidazole had disappeared and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium monomethyl carbonate was almost quantitatively generated. The reaction product was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography to find that the conversion to 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium monomethyl carbonate was 99.5%.

Example 6 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium monomethyl carbonate / methanol / dimethyl carbonate solution 40 obtained in Example 5
4 parts (46% by weight of pure salt) were placed in a flask, and 209 parts (42% by weight of pure) of a borofluoric acid aqueous solution was gradually added dropwise at room temperature over about 30 minutes with stirring. With the dropping, bubbles of carbon dioxide gas were generated. After the completion of the dropwise addition, after the generation of bubbles had subsided, the reaction solution was transferred to a rotary evaporator, and the solvent was completely distilled off. 19 clear and colorless liquids in the flask
Eight copies remained. As a result of NMR analysis of this liquid, it was found to be 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (yield: 100%).

Example 7 11 parts of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate obtained in Example 6 and 89 of propylene carbonate were mixed and uniformly dissolved. As a result of measuring the electric conductivity of the obtained electrolytic solution, it was 11 mS / cm.

Comparative Example 1 In a stainless steel autoclave equipped with a reflux condenser, 144 parts of tetrahydrofuran and 68 parts of imidazole were charged and uniformly dissolved. Then, the temperature was raised to 70 ° C., and 71 parts of ethyl chloride was gradually added dropwise. Since the temperature increased with the reaction, about 2
The mixture was added dropwise over a period of time, and after completion of the addition, aging was performed for about 2 hours. After cooling, the reaction product was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography, and it was found that 1-ethylimidazole was 50 mol%, 1,3-diethylimidazolium chloride was 30 mol%, and imidazole was 20 mol%. The reaction was distilled to give 38 parts of 1-ethylimidazole (yield = 40%).

Comparative Example 2 In a stainless steel autoclave equipped with a reflux condenser, 144 parts of tetrahydrofuran, 68 parts of imidazole and 56 parts of potassium hydroxide were charged and uniformly dissolved. Then 7
The temperature was raised to 0 ° C., and 71 parts of ethyl chloride was gradually added dropwise. Since the temperature increased with the reaction,
The solution was dropped over about 2 hours so as to maintain ± 5 ° C., and after completion of dropping, aging was performed for about 2 hours. After cooling, the reaction product was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography to find that 1-ethylimidazole was 93 mol%, 1,3-diethylimidazolium chloride 4 mol%, and imidazole 3 mol%. In addition, sodium chloride by-produced by the reaction is approximately 5%.
It settled in the 0 part tank. The reaction product was distilled, but solidified in the tank, and the yield of 1-ethylimidazole was 67 parts (yield = 70%). Table 1 summarizes the results of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

[0044]

[Table 1]

[0045]

According to the production method of the present invention, the monoalkylation of a cyclic amidine having an active hydrogen bonded to a nitrogen atom constituting a heterocyclic ring can be performed at a high selectivity, and the yield is greatly improved. Further, an asymmetric quaternary amidinium salt obtained by quaternizing the obtained alkyl cyclic amidine with a quaternizing agent having a substituent different from the alkyl group bonded to the nitrogen atom of the alkyl cyclic amidine, An electrolyte obtained by salt exchange with a salt has excellent solubility and low-temperature characteristics as compared with a symmetrical quaternary amidinium salt, and is useful as an electrolyte for a non-aqueous electrolyte. Furthermore, an electrolytic solution obtained by dissolving this electrolyte in an organic solvent becomes a high-quality non-aqueous electrolytic solution with few impurities, and is extremely useful as an electrolytic solution for aluminum electrolytic capacitors, an electrolytic solution for electric double layer capacitors, and the like.

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A method comprising reacting a cyclic amidine (a) having an active hydrogen bonded to a nitrogen atom constituting a heterocyclic ring with a carbonic acid diester (b) to remove the by-produced carbon dioxide gas out of the system. A method for producing an N-substituted cyclic amidine (c). 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reaction is performed in an aprotic solvent. 3. The process according to claim 1, wherein (b) is a diester carbonate of an alkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms in the substituent. 4. The process according to claim 1, wherein (a) is at least one member selected from the group consisting of imidazole derivatives, imidazoline derivatives and pyrimidine derivatives. 5. A method according to claim 1, wherein (c) is obtained by using a quaternizing agent (d) having a substituent different from the substituent attached to the nitrogen atom of (c). A method for producing an asymmetric quaternary amidinium salt (e), which comprises quaternizing. 6. An anion (e) obtained by the production method according to claim 5, wherein the anion is perchloric acid, tetrafluoroboric acid, hexafluorophosphoric acid, hexafluoroarsenic acid, hexafluoroantimonic acid,
A method for producing an electrolyte (g) for a non-aqueous electrolytic solution, wherein anion exchange is performed with one or more acids (f) selected from the group consisting of perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid and perfluoroalkanesulfonylimide. 7. A method according to claim 6, wherein (g) is a cyclic carbonate, a chain carbonate,
A method for producing a non-aqueous electrolyte (i), comprising dissolving in a solvent (h) selected from the group consisting of cyclic sulfones and ethers. 8. An electrolyte for a non-aqueous electrolyte obtained by the production method according to claim 6. Description: