JP2000274735A - Drying device, cooling and/or heating device incorporating it - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To desorb a working medium from a suction material even in low- temperature heating by providing a means for vaporizing and evaporating the working medium being sucked by the suction material in a suction material bath. SOLUTION: A cooling and/or heating device can desorb a working medium from a suction material in a suction bath 1 preferably at a low temperature of approximately 100 deg.C. More specifically, when a means for vaporizing and evaporating the working medium at a low temperature is to be provided in the bath 1 where the suction material is accommodated so that the suction material can be dried at a low temperature, the atmospheric or indoor air is dehumidified, for example, by a dehumidification means 21 such as a dehumidification machine, and then is heated by a heating means 22 such as a heater so that the dehumidified and heated atmosphere or indoor air can be introduced. For further improved efficiency, the atmospheric and indoor air being discharged from the bath where the suction material is accommodated is preferably dehumidified, heated, and circulated again.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a drying device for an adsorbent and a cooling and / or heating device using the drying device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a drying device in which the adsorbent is zeolite, and a cooling and / or heating device using the drying device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, various devices for cooling and heating using fossil fuels are used as cooling and heating devices, particularly as heating devices. However, in this case, the effects of various gases generated by fossil fuel combustion on the environment have reached a level that can no longer be ignored, and among them, reducing the generation of carbon dioxide, which is a cause of global warming, is a global issue. It is an urgent task for humanity. By the way, as a cooling and heating device that does not directly use a fossil fuel, various devices using an adsorbent have been conventionally known. Examples of such an apparatus include a dry adsorption cooler disclosed in JP-A-62-5060 and an adsorption apparatus described in JP-A-5-196318.

As a cooling / heating device using zeolite, which is being considered for practical use, a device manufactured by Zeotech Co., Ltd. in Germany, and a commercially available device using silica gel is an adsorption refrigerator manufactured by Maekawa Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Etc. are known. However, because the latter uses silica gel, it cannot be used as a cooling and heating system, and the former adsorbs water as a working medium from zeolite, a water adsorbent used as a working medium. -In order to perform desorption efficiently, it is necessary to significantly reduce the pressure inside the system.
Therefore, it is necessary not only to use pressure-resistant ones for the adsorption tank and working medium storage tank to be used, but also to take special measures to seal the whole system in order to keep the inside of the system airtight,
As a result, there is a problem that the apparatus itself becomes expensive.
In addition, there is a problem in so-called running cost that maintenance and inspection of the apparatus are indispensable at a considerable frequency because the entire system needs to be maintained under a high pressure.

[0004] Furthermore, in the background that the cooling and heating apparatus using zeolite as an adsorbent is not widely used, when the water is used as a cooling medium for desorbing water as a working medium adsorbed by the adsorbent, the adsorbing tank is required to have a capacity of 300 times. It is considered that there is a problem that it is necessary to heat to a high temperature of at least ℃. That is, a large-capacity heating means is required for high-temperature heating,
In order to prevent the heat generated by heating from escaping to the outside, it is necessary to create an adsorption tank using a material having a sufficient heat insulating effect, and to evaporate from the tank by high-temperature heating. Another problem is that the energy consumed for cooling the hot steam is enormous.

[0005] Here, the configuration of a conventional adsorption-type cooling and heating device will be described in some detail. As shown in FIG. 7 of the accompanying drawings, a conventional adsorption-type cooling and heating apparatus has main components of an adsorption tank (1), a working medium storage tank (2), a working medium (3), an adsorbent (4), and an adsorption tank. A heating means (5) provided in (1), a heat exchanger (9) provided in the working medium storage tank (2), a cooling tower as a cooling means (6) for the working medium converted into a heated gas; It consists of a condenser (12) and an indoor unit (10) used for liquefaction of the working medium cooled by the cooling tower. The components are connected by pipes, and the components are connected. As shown in FIG. 3, there are valves V1, V2, V3, V4, V4, V5 and V
6 and a valve V7 are provided.

First, a description will be given of an adsorption process, which is a first process in an operation cycle of an adsorption-type air conditioner. In the process of adsorbing the working medium, for example, water, on the adsorbent, the valve V1 is opened in winter, closed in summer, the valve V2 is opened, and the valves V3, V5 and V6 are opened.
Closed, valve V4 and valve V7 closed in winter,
Keep open in summer. In this state, water as the working medium is heated from the working medium storage tank (2) by the heat exchanger (9) to be in a vapor state and sent to the adsorption tank (1). The entire system is kept under reduced pressure of about several mmHg. At this time, the inside of the working medium storage tank (2) is cooled by the heat of vaporization of water, and the temperature in the tank decreases. At this stage, in summer, the valve V4 is opened and cooling is sent to the indoor unit by heat exchange with the indoor unit (10) to perform cooling. On the other hand, in the adsorption tank (1), heat of adsorption is generated by the vapor being adsorbed by the zeolite. In winter, the valve V1 is opened to exchange heat with the indoor unit to perform heating. In summer, valve V
By opening the opening 7, the adsorbent is cooled by using the cooling tower (6) as a cooling means, so that the adsorbent smoothly absorbs the vapor as the working medium. This is because the adsorption amount of the vapor as the working medium increases as the temperature of the adsorbent decreases.

Next, when the adsorbent adsorbs water vapor to a saturated state and adsorption does not occur, the adsorbent (4)
Is heated using a heating means (5) to change the water to steam and to enter a dehydration process of dehydrating from the adsorbent. At this stage, the valves V1 and V7 are both closed, the valve V2 is kept open, the valves V3 and V4 are open in winter, closed in summer, and the valves V5 and V
6 is closed in winter and opened in summer. In this state, the water as the working medium is heated by heating the adsorbent in the adsorption tank at a high temperature exceeding 300 ° C. with the heating means (5) provided in the tank (1) using the power at midnight. Desorbs from adsorbent. For this purpose, water, which is a working medium discharged in the state of ultra-high temperature steam, must be cooled by cooling means. In addition, zeolite used as an adsorbent has a problem that thermal conductivity is poor and a large amount of energy must be used for desorption.

In particular, since high-temperature steam must be cooled by a cooling tower or the like in summer, the amount of energy used for that must be enormous.
It can be said that this point has hindered the spread of the cooling and heating apparatus using the adsorbent. In winter, the heat of condensation of the steam generated at this time and the cooling heat of the condensed hot water can be used for heating, so that the energy efficiency is improved compared to summer. It should be noted that the water condensed and cooled using a heat exchanger provided in the working medium storage tank may be further cooled. This is because if the temperature of the water in the working medium storage tank is too high, the vapor pressure in the tank will increase, resulting in insufficient dehydration from the adsorbent. When the dehydration is completed, the valve V2 is closed to be in a standby state.

Next, a cooling process of the adsorbent for forcibly cooling the heated adsorbent to promote adsorption is started. In this step, the valve V1 is opened in winter and closed in summer. Valve V2, Valve V3, Valve V4, Valve V
5 and valve V6 are closed, valve V7 is closed in winter,
Keep open in summer. In winter, the heat generated by cooling the adsorbent is used for heating. In summer, cooling towers use cooling towers. When the cooling is completed, the process starts again with the adsorption process.

[0010]

However, in this method, it is necessary to use the cooling tower in any of the three processes of the adsorption process, the dehydration process, and the adsorbent cooling process in the operation in summer. The consumption of energy used for this is not ridiculous. Of course, heat is wasted by heat exchange. An object of the present invention is to provide a drying apparatus for an adsorbent, which can desorb a working medium from the adsorbent even with low-temperature heating. Furthermore, an object of the present invention relates to a cooling and / or heating device using an adsorbent, which uses a drying device for the adsorbent capable of desorbing the working medium from the adsorbent even at low-temperature heating. In particular, there is no need to use materials that exhibit high heat insulation effects and require pressure resistance in the working medium storage tank or adsorption tank, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide an adsorbent-based cooling and / or heating device which does not need to be paid for and does not need to be performed at extremely high frequency, especially a compact cooling and / or heating device which can be used for home use. Is what you do.

[0011]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have made various studies in view of the above-mentioned current situation, and have found that the adsorbent (4)
In an adsorbent drying apparatus comprising an adsorbent tank (1) containing an adsorbent and means for drying the adsorbent by vaporizing and evaporating the working medium adsorbed by the adsorbent in the adsorbent tank, the working medium is vaporized. The present invention has been completed by finding that the adsorbent can be dried even by heating at a low temperature by a drying device provided with means for evaporating at a low temperature. further,
The present inventors have proposed an adsorption tank (1), a working medium storage tank (2),
Working medium (3), adsorbent (4), heating means (5) provided in adsorbent tank (1), cooling means (6) for heated working gas converted to gas, and indoor unit (10) In the adsorption-type cooling and / or heating device comprising, for drying the adsorbent, the adsorbent, the adsorbent tank containing the adsorbent, and the working medium adsorbed by the adsorbent in the adsorbent tank are vaporized and evaporated. In an apparatus having a means for drying the adsorbent by using an adsorbent drying apparatus provided with a means for evaporating and vaporizing the working medium at a low temperature, the present inventors have found that the above-mentioned objects can be achieved and completed the present invention. It is also. In addition,
In the present specification, means and / or devices that have the same function, even if they have different names, are denoted by the same reference numerals except for a vacuum pump.

In particular, as a means for evaporating and evaporating the working medium at a low temperature, a vacuum pump and / or a means for feeding dehumidified heated air into the adsorbent tank (1) is provided, so that a lower heating temperature can be obtained. The working medium is vaporized and evaporated from the adsorbent, and it has been found that the adsorbent can be efficiently dried with a small amount of energy, thereby completing the drying apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention. That is, as means for vaporizing and evaporating the working medium at a low temperature, a vacuum pump,
Means for feeding the dehumidified heated air into the adsorbent tank (1) are exemplified. Further, by incorporating the above-mentioned drying device into a cooling and / or heating device using an adsorbent, the working medium can be vaporized and evaporated from the adsorbent with lower energy consumption. The present inventors have found that the energy consumption of the entire apparatus can be significantly reduced, and have completed a cooling and / or heating apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention. Furthermore, the energy generated by the condensation and cooling of steam and the cooling of the adsorbent can be used as a heat source for heating, heating, or power generation, or the steam itself can be used for humidification or heating, thereby reducing energy consumption. The present invention has been completed by finding that it can be used well.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A drying apparatus according to the present invention is a drying apparatus for an adsorbent that can desorb a working medium from an adsorbent in a tank containing the adsorbent at a lower temperature, preferably at a low temperature of about 100 ° C. About. Further, the present invention relates to a cooling and / or heating device using the above-mentioned drying device, wherein the desorption of the working medium from the adsorbent (4) in the adsorption tank (1) is performed at a lower temperature, preferably about 100 ° C. The present invention relates to a cooling and / or heating device that can be operated at a low temperature. In the present invention, the cooling and / or heating device includes not only a device that can perform both cooling and heating, but also a device that performs only cooling or heating.

Regarding the configuration of the drying device according to the present invention,
The description will be made with reference to the accompanying FIGS. When a means for vaporizing and evaporating the working medium at a low temperature is provided in the tank (1) containing the adsorbent so that the adsorbent can be dried at a low temperature, as shown in FIG.
Dehumidifying means (21) for air or indoor air, for example,
It may be dehumidified by a dehumidifier, and then heated by a heating means (22), for example, a heater, and piped so that dehumidified and heated air or indoor air can be introduced. For more efficient operation, it is preferable to once again dehumidify, heat, and circulate the air or room air exhausted from the tank containing the adsorbent. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 2, the vacuum pump (8) is operated at a low temperature to evaporate and evaporate the working medium in order to reduce the pressure in the tank (1) containing the adsorbent, preferably to 1 torr or less. You may attach as a means to make it. Of course, as means for evaporating and evaporating the working medium at a low temperature, a means for circulating dehumidified and heated air and a means for evacuating may be used in combination.

Next, an example of a cooling and / or heating device incorporating the drying device having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. Of course, the use of the drying device according to the present invention is not limited to a drying device for a cooling and / or heating device described below, provided that the drying device is a cooling and / or heating device using an adsorbent. It goes without saying that whatever can be used with the necessary modifications.
Hereinafter, as a cooling and / or heating device using an adsorbent, a device in which a drying device according to the present invention is incorporated in a cooling and / or heating device having a configuration as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 will be described as an example. . As is apparent from both figures, in this cooling and / or heating device, a pipe branched into two branches is provided which is connected to the adsorption tank, and one end of the branched pipe is adsorbed via the valve V9. When the working medium adsorbed by the adsorbent is desorbed in the tank (1), as a means for evaporating and evaporating the working medium at a low temperature, for example, the air pressure in the adsorption tank (1) prior to the desorption process of the adsorbent is performed. A vacuum pump (8) is provided which can reduce the pressure and maintain the pressure during the desorption process.

Of course, the means is not limited to a vacuum pump. For example, a tank containing an adsorbent for adsorbing the generated vaporized working medium is connected to the pump, and the pump is efficiently exhausted. The inside can be reduced in pressure. Such means may be used. For desorption of the working medium, it is preferable that the adsorbent is previously heated to a predetermined temperature, for example, about 80C to 100C. It is preferable that a means for adjusting the operation timing of the vacuum pump, such as a microcomputer chip, be incorporated so that the heating means is operated and the vacuum pump is operated when a predetermined temperature is reached. At the time of desorption of the working medium, as described later, by reducing the pressure inside the adsorbent tank (1), a lower temperature, for example,
The working medium can be efficiently desorbed at about 100 ° C.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, outside air or room air is heated and dried using a dehumidifying unit (21) and a heating unit (22), and then sent to the adsorption tank (1).
Evaporation of the working medium may be promoted. In this case, for example, when the working medium adsorbed by the adsorbent is desorbed in the adsorption tank (1), it is separated from the vacuum pump (8) operated to reduce the pressure in the adsorption tank (1). A blower (not shown) may be provided at a position to send dehumidified and dried air into the adsorption tank (1) through a valve V10 connected to the adsorption tank (1). . Dehumidifying means (2
As 1), a dehumidifier using zeolite or the like as an adsorbent, and as drying means (21), known means such as a far-infrared heating device, a heater, a current-carrying heating device, and a heat exchanger using waste heat. Can be used. Alternatively, the valve 10 may be opened, and the vacuum pump may be operated to introduce dehumidified and heated air into the adsorption tank (1). The working medium is deprived of the adsorbent by sending or taking in the dehumidified heated air into the adsorption tank (1),
The outside air blown at the same time is humidified.

When the heated and dried outside air is sent into the adsorption tank (1), the valve V1, the valve V2,
The valve V7 may be kept closed, the valve V8 may be opened, and the outside air may be exhausted via the valve V8, or may be exhausted by operating a vacuum pump. The discharged outside air can be used for heating or humidification in winter.

When the dehumidified or heated air is sent into the adsorption tank (1) by operating only the blower without operating the vacuum pump, the valve V8 at the other end of the branched pipe is opened, and the adsorption tank is opened. The air humidified in (1) may be directly discharged to the outside of the system. In addition, a means (not shown) capable of using late-night power for heating the adsorption tank or a means (not shown) capable of using various waste heat such as waste heat in a factory or waste heat from a power generation facility is used. By incorporating in the cooling and / or heating apparatus according to the present invention and heating the adsorbent using this means, in other words, drying the adsorbent, further energy saving can be achieved. In particular, in the device according to the present invention, since the working medium can be desorbed from the adsorbent at a low temperature, since the temperature is not relatively high, waste heat that has not been used until now is actively used. It has the effect that it can be used for. Thus, the heating temperature required to desorb the working medium can be reduced. As a result, even if the amount of the heat insulating material used is reduced, the heat radiation to the outside can be suppressed low, so that the size can be reduced.

When the vacuum pump is operated to reduce the pressure inside the adsorption tank to about 0.15 mmHg, and water is used as a working medium, if the water is dehydrated at 100 ° C. from the adsorbent, the adsorbent is adsorbed by the adsorbent. The amount of adsorption of the remaining working medium can be about 3.6% when the dry weight of the adsorbent is 100. At this time, it is preferable to heat the adsorbent in the adsorption tank in advance by the heating means (5) because the adsorbed working medium becomes a heat medium and the entire adsorbent can be uniformly heated. This is explained by taking zeolite, which is often used as an adsorbent, as an example. The thermal conductivity of zeolite is as low as 0.1 to 0.2 W / mK, depending on the amount of adsorbed working medium. It depends. The remaining amount after dehydration at 100 ° C. is as follows:
Under the condition of humidity of 30%, the pressure in the adsorption tank is almost 1 atm.
The amount is almost equal to 3.6%, which is the amount of the working medium adsorbed and remaining on the adsorbent when dehydrated at 300 ° C. In this manner, by reducing the pressure in the adsorption tank, the amount of energy consumption can be saved in order to desorb the water as the working medium that is being adsorbed. When the cooling and / or heating system is a closed system, that is, in the case of a system in which the working medium is circulated in the system, the working medium is discharged out of the system and lost when the desorption operation of the working medium is completed. It is necessary to replenish the working medium storage tank (2) with an amount of working medium corresponding to the working medium.

The dehumidified and heated air is supplied from the outside in the adsorption tank (1) in conjunction with the above operation or independently, so that the water as the working medium is evaporated from the adsorbent. It is preferred because it will be accelerated. The working medium may be removed from the adsorbent, and the humidified air itself may be used as it is for humidification, or may be used for heating. Of course, when it is not necessary to use for heating or humidification, it may be dehumidified again, heated to a predetermined temperature, and sent into the adsorption tank (1). Deprives the working medium from the adsorbent,
It may itself use the humidified air as a heat source for the water heater. The water heater does not necessarily have to be a part of the device according to the present invention, and can be used effectively by using the heat energy of the working medium that has been heated and converted into gas by piping the water heater that is provided independently. Can be done. When a water heater is incorporated into the system of the apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to heat the heater at midnight using a heater (not shown) attached to the water heater itself according to the operating conditions. preferable.

The energy saving effect of the device according to the present invention will be described with reference to experimental results. As a means for reducing the pressure inside the adsorption tank (1) when desorbing the working medium adsorbed on the adsorbent in the adsorption tank (1), use of a vacuum pump (8) and dehumidification Regarding energy saving when heated air is supplied from the outside into the adsorbent tank (1), as shown in FIG. 5, the adsorbent tank (1) provided with the heater (5) is saturated until it becomes saturated. The zeolite (4) to which water was adsorbed was stored, and this was weighed (2).
3), the room air was blown in by operating a blower through an air vent provided in the lower part of the adsorbent tank (1), and the drying state was measured while monitoring with a weighing scale. The input energy was recorded on a recorder using a thermocouple, and was calculated from the record. That is, in the measurement, the amount of energy required for desorbing water from 150 g of zeolite having water adsorbed to a saturated state was measured by supplying a power of 50 W. The results are shown in a graph in FIG. From this result, it is most effective to desorb the working medium using a vacuum pump, and it is also possible to save energy by supplying dehumidified and heated air into the adsorption tank (1). Became clear.

Although the temperature of the air containing the discharged working medium is still high, although the temperature is considerably lower than the conventional one, as described above, this heat is used to heat and generate electricity. Alternatively, it can be used as a heat source for heating. As a usage mode, heating, power generation, heating, or use as a heat source of snow melting can be considered.
The air discharged from the valve V8 or the vacuum pump may be guided to a heater, a water heater, a snow melter, a humidifier, or a thermoelectric generator heater to use the heat. Moreover, you may introduce | transduce into a humidifier and use it for humidification.

When the vaporized working medium is again adsorbed from the working medium storage tank (1) to the adsorbent, the pressure in the system on the side of the adsorption tank (1) is at least the pressure of the working medium storage tank (2). It is necessary that the pressure be kept lower than the pressure of the system. In any of the cooling and / or heating devices according to the present invention, the pressure in the system on the adsorption tank (1) side is usually sufficiently reduced at the end of the desorption process of the working medium. There is no need to further reduce the pressure. However, if there is not a sufficient pressure difference between the two systems, it is necessary to further reduce the pressure in the system on the adsorption tank (1) side. In that case, the valve V, which is an open valve
8, or after closing the valve V10, the vacuum pump may be operated. For more effective operation of the entire system,
It is preferable to have means for controlling the amount of the working medium adsorbed on the adsorbent. As such means, it is preferable to attach a microcomputer chip or the like capable of monitoring a change in weight of the adsorbent to the device.

As a working medium, water is usually used. However, when the operation is performed without discharging the working medium directly to the outside of the system, alcohol may be used instead of water, or a mixture of both may be used. As the adsorbent, zeolite is preferably used.
Above all, A-type zeolites and X-type zeolites having high adsorptivity are more preferably used.

[0026]

The drying apparatus according to the present invention can perform desorption of the adsorbed working medium at a lower temperature, so that less energy is required for desorption. Of course,
Since the temperature of the vaporized working medium discharged out of the system is also low,
Less energy is required for the condensation. Therefore, there is an effect that more energy saving can be achieved. Further, according to the cooling and / or heating device using the drying device according to the present invention, not only is there no generation of carbon dioxide and the impact on the environment is substantially zero, but also when the device is operated for cooling and heating. In addition, as compared with a conventional cooling and / or heating apparatus using an adsorbent, the adsorbent can be dried in the adsorption tank at a lower temperature.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of one embodiment of a drying device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of another embodiment of the drying device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of one embodiment of a cooling and / or heating device using a drying device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of another embodiment of a cooling and / or heating device using a drying device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a test device used for a dehydration test.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of a dehydration test.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a cooling and heating device according to a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Adsorption tank, 2 ... Working medium storage tank, 3 ... Working medium, 4 ...
Adsorbent, 5: heating means provided in the adsorption tank, 6: cooling means of the working medium heated and converted to gas, 8: pump,
9: heat exchanger, 10: indoor unit, 11: water heater, 12: condenser, 21: dehumidifying means, 22: heating means, 23 ...
Weighing scale, 24: heat insulator, 25: recorder, 26: blower, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6, V7, V
8, V9 and V10 ... Valve.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3L053 BC03 3L093 NN04 PP06 PP13 PP15 PP16 PP20 QQ01 RR01 3L113 AA01 AB02 AC08 AC10 AC20 AC21 AC24 AC26 AC45 AC46 AC52 AC57 AC63 AC67 BA02 CA16 DA02 DA26

Claims (10)

[Claims] An adsorbent, an adsorbent tank containing the adsorbent, and a working medium adsorbed by the adsorbent in the adsorbent tank are vaporized.
An adsorbent drying device comprising means for evaporating and drying an adsorbent, comprising a means for evaporating and evaporating a working medium at a low temperature. 2. The drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the means for vaporizing and evaporating the working medium at a low temperature is a vacuum pump. 3. The drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the means for vaporizing and evaporating the working medium at a low temperature is a means for feeding dehumidified heated air. 4. The drying apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for using midnight electric power or waste heat for heating the adsorbent for desorbing the working medium. 5. An adsorption tank (1), a working medium storage tank (2),
An adsorption type cooling and / or a heating medium (3) comprising a working medium (3), an adsorbent (4) and a heating means (5) provided in the adsorption tank (1).
Alternatively, the heating device is provided with a unit capable of reducing the pressure inside the adsorption tank (1) when desorbing the working medium adsorbed by the adsorbent in the adsorption tank (1). And / or heating devices. 6. The cooling and / or heating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the means for reducing the pressure in the adsorption tank (1) is a vacuum pump. 7. The cooling and / or heating apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising means for feeding dehumidified heated air into the adsorption tank (1). 8. A means for operating a heating means (5) for heating the adsorbent to a predetermined temperature in advance and then operating a means for reducing the pressure in the adsorption tank (1). The cooling and / or cooling device according to claim 5 or 6,
Or heating system. 9. A heater for heating the air containing the desorbed working medium,
6. The cooling and / or heating apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a unit that can be used as an operation source of a water heater, a snowmelter, a humidifier, a steam generator, or a thermoelectric generator. 10. The cooling and / or heating apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising means for using midnight electric power or waste heat for heating the adsorbent for desorbing the working medium.