JP2000263414A - Automatic polishing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an automatic polishing device capable of polishing not only a horizontal unpolished surface but also a vertical unpolished surface and a curved surface. SOLUTION: This automatic polishing device has a rotating abrasive material 11, arm 12 holding the abrasive material, support means 13 turnably holding the arm, angle adjusting means 16 supported to a mounting part 18 supporting one end to the arm 12 with the other end provided integrally with the support means 13, elastic means 19 energizing the arm 12 in a direction separating from the mounting part 18, and a track means 14 moving the support means 13. When a handle 16b of the angle adjusting means 16 is rotated, an angle of the arm 12 is changed, so that whatever angle unpolished surface may be polished. By providing the elastic means 19, the arm, at whatever angle may be, can apply a suitable polishing pressure to an unpolished surface 20.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic polishing apparatus for polishing the inner and outer surfaces of a cylindrical tank or a workpiece having a curved surface such as a hemisphere or a cone with a mirror (a lid or a bottom portion) of the tank. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to polish the inner and outer surfaces of a cylindrical work such as a pipe, a tank, an oxygen supply storage tank, and a dust collector, a grindstone rotating at a constant speed or a buff with abrasive grains is polished. The work is done manually by attaching the material to a grinder. This polishing operation is a work environment in which a large amount of dust scatters and easily becomes dirty, and automation has been strongly desired.

[0003] From such a fact, the applicant has disclosed in
-114719 proposes an automatic polishing apparatus. In this method, a long drive shaft is arranged substantially horizontally, and a rotating abrasive is attached to the tip of the drive shaft. The drive shaft is movable on a rail laid in a horizontal direction parallel to the drive shaft, and grinds the workpiece while the abrasive moves along the rail. In addition, the drive shaft is pivotally supported in the middle, and can be rotated (oscillated) in the vertical direction. Even when the polishing surface is not flat but undulates, the abrasive material is applied to the polishing surface. You can follow up and down.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned polishing apparatus, the drive shaft is disposed horizontally, and the pipe or tank as a work has to have its polishing surface set horizontally. . On the other hand, when the work becomes large like a large tank, it is more efficient to grind the inner surface with the work installed. However, in this case, the inner surface to be polished was vertical, and could not be polished by the above polishing apparatus. In this case, there is no alternative but to divide the work into small works and then grind the work with the above-mentioned polishing apparatus or grind the work manually. In any case, there is a problem that the work efficiency is greatly reduced.

The above-mentioned polishing apparatus also has a problem as described below when polishing a workpiece having a curved polishing surface. Since the drive shaft advances and retreats on the linear rail, the abrasive also moves with the advance and retreat of the drive shaft, and grinds the work along one straight line. At this time, even if the polishing surface of the work is a curved surface, the arm can swing vertically along the polishing surface to perform polishing.

If the workpiece is hemispherical, the polished surface is 90 ° between the edge of the hemisphere and the vertex of the hemisphere;
It will change greatly. However, in the above polishing apparatus, the angle at which the drive shaft can rotate is about 20 to 30.
It is impossible to grind a hemispherical work as small as ゜ along one radial direction at a stretch. Therefore, in the case of a hemispherical work, the hemispherical portion has to be divided into several parts and polished.

In the above-mentioned conventional polishing apparatus, the polishing pressure is mainly given by the weight of the drive shaft and the abrasive. Therefore, even if the rotation angle of the drive shaft is increased and the angle can be changed by 90 °, as the inclination angle increases and the drive shaft approaches vertical, the polishing pressure decreases and the polishing efficiency decreases significantly. In addition, there is also a problem that polishing becomes impossible.

An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic polishing apparatus capable of polishing even if the polishing surface is not horizontal. Also,
An automatic polishing apparatus capable of setting a rotatable angle of a drive shaft to 90 ° or more and polishing a workpiece having a curved surface such as a hemispherical shape by following a shape of a polishing surface along one straight line. It is intended to provide.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, an automatic polishing apparatus according to the present invention comprises a rotating abrasive, an arm for holding the abrasive, and a support for rotatably holding the arm. Means, angle adjusting means having one end supported by the arm and the other end supported by a mounting part provided integrally with the supporting means, and elastic means for urging the arm in a direction away from the mounting part. And having the following.

[0010] The support means may be movably supported on the track means, the holding structure of the angle adjusting means may be rotatable at least at one end, or the angle adjusting means may be rotatable at at least one end. It has a configuration having an electric actuator, a configuration having a position moving device for relatively moving the abrasive and the work in a direction intersecting with the direction in which the track means extends, or having the abrasive and the arm A configuration in which a plurality of polishing machine heads are provided can be employed.

[0011]

1 and 2 are schematic diagrams showing the principle of construction of an automatic polishing apparatus according to the present invention. Since the structure of the actually used automatic polishing apparatus is quite complicated and it is difficult to understand, FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams slightly different from the actual ones so as to facilitate understanding. However, the configuration of the automatic polishing apparatus of the present invention is not essentially changed.

The automatic polishing apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has an arm 12 having an abrasive 11 rotating at its tip, and an arm 1 fitted to a shaft 12a provided in the middle of the arm 12.
2 has a support means 13 for rotatably supporting 2 and a track means 14 on which the support means 13 moves. A balance weight 15 is provided at the left end of the arm 12. However, since the support means 13 is provided at a position deviated from the center of gravity of the arm 2, the polishing pressure applied to the abrasive material 11 at the tip becomes too large. It is for adjusting to reduce the pressure and is, of course, adjustable.

Near the end of the arm 12 on the balance weight 15 side, there is a supporting portion 12b for rotatably supporting one end of the angle adjusting means 16. The other end of the angle adjusting means 16 is held by a mounting portion 18, and this mounting portion 18 may be rotatable in some cases. In addition, this mounting portion 18
Is provided on the same frame (not shown) as the support means 13, and when the support means 13 moves along the track means 14, the mounting portion 18 moves together.

The abrasive 11 has a disc shape such as a grindstone or a buff, and a free surface roughness can be obtained by selecting the number of abrasive grains. Also, the abrasive 11
The rotating shaft 11a is held in the arm 12, and is rotated by a motor (not shown).

The angle adjusting means 16 includes an elongated rod 16a.
A male screw is formed on the outside, and a hole 18a having a diameter larger than the rod 16a formed in the mounting portion 18 is penetrated, and a handle 16b is screwed on the other side of the hole 18a. That is, when the handle 16b is turned, the rod 1
The length from the support portion 12b of FIG. 6a to the mounting portion 18 changes from L in FIG. 1 to L ′ in FIG. 2, and the arm 12 moves from the horizontal state shown in FIG. 1 to the vertical state shown in FIG. 90
゜, or any angle up to 90 ° or more.

The support part 12 on the arm side of the angle adjusting means 16
Elastic means 19 composed of a coil spring is fitted between b and the mounting portion 18. As described above, since the diameter of the hole 18a of the mounting portion 18 is larger than the outer diameter of the rod 16a, the rod 16a is slidable in the hole 18a, and the arm 12 is positioned in the horizontal position shown in FIG. Can be swung from the vertical position shown in (1) to the direction in which L or L 'becomes smaller as shown by an arrow against the elastic force of the elastic means 19 without turning the handle 16b. With such a configuration, an appropriate polishing pressure can be applied to the abrasive 11 by the elastic means 19.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a polished surface of a hemispherical workpiece. The work having the polishing surface 20 having such a shape includes, for example, a mirror (a lid or a bottom portion) of a tank. However, the curved surface that can be polished by the polishing apparatus is not limited to a hemispherical shape, and may be an arbitrary curved surface such as a conical shape other than a hemispherical shape. Here, a hemispherical shape is exemplified. For example, if FIG. 1 shows a state where the edge of the polishing surface 20 is polished, FIG. 2 shows a state where the center or the top of the polishing surface 20 is polished. As described above, according to the automatic polishing apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to polish a polished surface or a curved surface at an arbitrary angle other than horizontal.

FIG. 3 is a view showing an actual automatic polishing apparatus according to the present invention, and is a side view showing a state in which a vertical polishing surface is polished. The basic structure of the automatic polishing apparatus shown in FIG.
It is the same as FIG. That is, the abrasive 21 attached to the tip of the arm 22 is rotated by the motor 22c attached to the rear end of the arm 22 via the rotating shaft 21a provided inside the arm.

At the rear end of the arm 22, a balance weight 2 is provided.
5, a shaft 22a is provided outside the arm 22,
The support means 23 is rotatably supported here. The lower part of the support means 23 is a U-shaped channel 23a,
The channel 23a has a structure that can be raised and lowered by a lift 32 on a vertical frame 24 as a track means. As the elevating mechanism, for example, a pulley is attached to a motor of the elevator 32, a number of pulleys are arranged on the track means 24, and a wire is wound on these pulleys. You can go up and down by going.

A mounting portion 28 is formed in the U-shaped channel 23a. A lower end of the angle adjusting means 26 is attached to the mounting portion 28. The upper end of the angle adjusting means 26 is held by a support portion 22b integrated with the arm 22. I have.

The angle adjusting means 26 has an electric actuator 26a at its lower end and a male screw 26b on its rod.
The male screw 26b loosely fits a hole formed in the support portion 22b, penetrates the support portion 22b, and screwes the handle 26c onto the support portion 22b. An elastic means 29 using a coil spring is provided outside the male screw 26b.

The electric actuator 26a can adjust the projecting length of the rod to an arbitrary length by driving the motor. In the apparatus of the embodiment, although not shown, a worm gear with a rotating shaft of the motor, The worm wheel is rotated by the worm gear, a female screw formed at the center of the worm wheel, and a rod formed with a male screw to be screwed to the female screw.

In this automatic polishing apparatus, the motor 22c moves up and down as the support means 23 moves up and down. Also, the support means 23
The motor itself is moved up and down by the motor and electric components in the elevator 32. That is, since these motors and electric components also move up and down, the electric wire bundle 31 for supplying electric power is mounted in a flexible state as shown in the figure, so that the electric wire bundle 31 can follow the motor and electric components even when the electric device moves up and down. , So that power can be supplied stably.

Reference numeral 30 denotes a work. In this embodiment, the work 30 has a cylindrical shape and its polished surface 30a is vertical. On the other hand, since the arm 22 has the above-described configuration,
When the angle is changed by the electric actuator 26a or the handle 26c and a vertical surface is polished, the surface is inclined as shown in FIG. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the angle of the arm 12 is performed only by rotating the handle 16b, but in this embodiment, it can be performed by either rotating the handle 26c or operating the electric actuator 26a. . In this embodiment, the handle 26c is located on the arm side.
FIG. 2 also differs in that the handle 16b is located on the mounting portion 18 side.

The work 30 is arranged on a large cylindrical, circular base 33 as a moving device. Stand 33
Is rotatable by a motor (not shown) so as to feed the work 30 in the horizontal direction at a predetermined angle.

Next, a method of polishing by the automatic polishing apparatus of the present invention will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 3, an automatic polishing apparatus is installed at a work site. Since the work 30 has a large cylindrical shape, the automatic polishing apparatus is arranged inside the work 30. If the work is very large, a plurality of automatic polishing apparatuses can be installed. Next, an annular base 33 is installed around the automatic polishing apparatus, and the cylindrical work 30 is placed thereon.

The abrasive 22 is rotated by driving the motor 22c. In this state, the motor of the angle adjusting device 26 is driven to adjust the angle of the arm 22 so that the abrasive 21
The polishing material 21 is adjusted so as to come into contact with the polishing surface of No. 0 and further, against the elastic force of the elastic means 29 and to contact the polishing surface with an appropriate polishing pressure. When the polishing pressure is properly set, the elevator 3
2 is driven to move the abrasive 21 up and down in the vertical direction.

When the polishing from the lower end to the upper end of the work on one vertical line is completed, the table 33 is rotated by a predetermined angle to move the work 30 in the horizontal direction. The moving distance (angle) is such that the polished portion before the movement and the polished portion after the movement overlap without any gap. Thereafter, this is repeated until the entire surface of the work 30 is polished. The automatic polishing apparatus includes a switch for detecting an upper end and a lower end of the polishing surface, a switch for detecting an angle at which the work is rotated, and the like, and is linked with the drive of the table 33. These operations can be performed by sequence control or computer control using an operation panel (not shown).

FIG. 4 is a view showing a state in which an arc-shaped polishing surface is polished. As shown in the figure, the arm 22 is moved by the angle adjusting means 26 from the position indicated by the imaginary line 22 'to the imaginary line 2
A free angle can be maintained up to the position indicated by 2 ".

Therefore, the support means 23 is provided with the track means 24.
When moved upward, the arm 22 can move while constantly polishing the polished surface while changing its angle, so that even when polishing the hemispherical work 30 ′, from the edge to the top of the polished surface 30 a ′ of the work 30 ′. Can be polished all at once.

In this case, using a computer,
The shape of the abrasive 21 and the polishing surface 30a ', the position of the support means 23 on the track means 24, and the like are determined in advance, and a program is created so that the abrasive 21 smoothly follows the shape of the polishing surface 30a'. The inclination angle of the arm 22 can be changed.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, two polishing heads each including an abrasive 21 and an arm 22 are arranged in parallel. Other configurations are the same as those of the embodiment of FIG.

By providing two polishing heads as described above,
By making the abrasive grains of the abrasives 21 and 21 different in count, rough polishing and finish polishing can be performed continuously, thereby increasing the efficiency of the polishing operation.

When the vertical inner surface of the cylinder shown in FIG. 3 is polished by using the automatic polishing apparatus shown in FIG. 5, if only one automatic polishing apparatus is used, one round of the work 30 can be used for both rough polishing and finish polishing. Ends. If there are two automatic polishing apparatuses, the work may be rotated by 180 °. If there are three, it will be 120 ゜. Or, by installing a plurality of automatic polishing equipment, if the count of the abrasive grains of all the abrasives is sequentially reduced,
It is also possible to divide the process from the rough polishing to the finish polishing into a multi-step process, and to carry out the process finely.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the track means and the main body of the automatic polishing apparatus are separately formed, and the main body is movably attached to the track means. It is characterized in that the apparatus body excluding the track means can be miniaturized.

The automatic polishing apparatus shown in FIG.
An arm 52 supporting the abrasive 51;
2 support means 53, track means 54, and angle adjusting device 5
6. Portions other than the track means 54 are substantially housed in the box 50.

The abrasive 51 is attached to the tip of the arm 52 and has a rotation axis orthogonal to the length direction of the arm 52.
It is rotated by a transmission means 62 such as a belt or a chain by a motor 61 mounted in the box 50. The arm 52 has its base end rotatably held by support means 53 formed in the box 50.

In the middle of the arm 52, a shaft-like support portion 52 is provided.
a, at which the angle adjusting means 56 is rotatably mounted. The angle adjusting means 56 includes a male screw 56a,
A handle 56 having a female screw threadedly engaged with the male screw.
b, the male screw 56a penetrates the hole of the mounting portion 58 formed integrally with the support means 53, and the handle 56b is screwed on the other side through the hole. The hole of the mounting portion 58 is larger than the outer diameter of the male screw 56a, and the male screw 56a is in a loosely fitted state. By rotating the handle 56b, the angle of the arm 52 can be changed by 90 ° or more. The angle adjusting means 56 includes an elastic means 5 comprising a coil spring.
9 is fitted so that a polishing pressure can be applied.

At the lower part of the box 50, there is another motor 63, and a pinion 64 attached to this drive shaft is engaged with a rack 54a formed on the track means 54.
Further, the box 50 has four traveling wheels 65, which fit into the guide grooves 54 b formed in the track means 54. The motor 63 has a configuration in which a pinion is driven by a worm and a worm wheel, and a motor that can rotate forward and reverse is used. Therefore, when the motor 63 is driven in the normal direction, the box 50 moves up the track means 54, and when the box 63 is rotated in the reverse direction, it moves down. The traveling wheel 65 is in the guide groove 54
b, so that the box 50 is
There is no departure from 4. Further, by appropriately setting the lead angle of the worm gear of the motor 63, even when the motor 63 stops, the stop position can be maintained without the polishing apparatus main body falling.

How to use this automatic polishing apparatus will be described. The polishing apparatus is set as shown, the abrasive 51 is rotated, and the handle 56b is rotated so that the abrasive 51
0, and further close to apply an appropriate polishing pressure. In this state, the motor 63 is driven to move the main body of the automatic polishing apparatus from the lower end to the upper end or from the upper end to the lower end. When this is completed, the workpiece is slightly moved in a direction intersecting with the orbital means 54, and is polished again. The moving distance is set to such an extent that the polishing portions are connected without any gap.

[0041]

As described above, the automatic polishing apparatus according to the present invention comprises a rotating abrasive, an arm for holding the abrasive, support means for holding the arm rotatably, and one end. An angle adjusting means supported by the arm and having the other end supported by a mounting part provided integrally with the supporting means, and an elastic means for urging the arm in a direction away from the mounting part. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the case where the polishing surface of the work is horizontal, but can also freely polish a vertical polishing surface or a curved polishing surface.

If the support means is movably supported on the track means, the polishing material can be continuously polished while moving in the direction along the track means. If the holding structure of the angle adjusting means is configured to be rotatable at least at one end side, the limitation on the mounting position of the angle adjusting means can be reduced.

If the angle adjusting means has a motorized actuator, the angle of the arm can be adjusted from a distant position by an electric signal, or by inputting it in advance in a computer program, the arc-shaped workpiece can be adjusted. Such a curved surface can be automatically polished.

By providing a position moving device for relatively moving the abrasive and the work in a direction intersecting with the direction in which the track means extends, the entire polishing surface of the work can be automatically polished. Will be possible.

If a plurality of polishing machine heads having the above-mentioned polishing material and arm are provided, a plurality of polishing steps such as rough polishing and finish polishing are performed by using abrasive grains of different grain sizes for each head. Can be done at once.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing the principle configuration of an automatic polishing apparatus according to the present invention;
The arm is horizontal.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a principle configuration of an automatic polishing apparatus according to the present invention;
The arm is in a vertical state.

FIG. 3 is a view showing the appearance of the automatic polishing apparatus of the present invention, and is a side view showing a state in which a vertical surface is polished.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a state where an arc-shaped surface is polished by the automatic polishing apparatus of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a front view of another embodiment of the present invention having two polishing heads.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of another embodiment of the present invention.
(A) is a top view, and (b) is a view seen from AA in (a).

[Explanation of symbols]

 11, 21, 51 Abrasives 12, 22, 52 Arms 13, 23, 53 Supporting means 14, 24, 54 Orbiting means 16, 26, 56 Angle adjusting means 18, 28, 58 Mounting parts 19, 29, 59 Elastic means 26a Electric actuator 33 Position moving device

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission Date] April 7, 2000 (200.4.7)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Claims]

6. The automatic polishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of polishing machine heads having the polishing material and the arm are provided.

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] June 9, 2000 (200.6.9)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Claims]

Claims (6)

[Claims] A rotating abrasive (11, 21, 51)
And an arm (12, 22, 52) for holding the abrasive
And support means (13, 2) for rotatably holding the arm.
(53) and an attachment portion (18, 28, 5) having one end supported by the arm and the other end provided integrally with the support means.
Angle adjusting means (16, 26, 56) supported by 8)
And an elastic means (19, 29, 59) for urging the arm in a direction away from the mounting portion. 2. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said support means is a track means.
54. The automatic polishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is movably supported thereon. 3. The automatic polishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the holding structure of the angle adjusting means is rotatable at least at one end. 4. The automatic polishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said angle adjusting means has an electric actuator (26a). 5. A position moving device (33) for relatively moving the abrasive and the work in a direction intersecting the direction of the track means (14, 24, 54). 2. The automatic polishing apparatus according to 2. 6. The automatic polishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of polishing machine heads having the polishing material and the arm are provided.