JP2000240047A - Quantitative spreader for clod, soil improving material or aggregate - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spreader capable of quantitatively spreading clods, granular soil improving materials or aggregates at a fixed thickness and at a fixed width via machine execution on an execution surface for flying sand prevention or soil improvement. SOLUTION: This quantitative spreader 4 is fitted to the rear section of a crawler dump track and spreads clods, soil improving materials or aggregates at a width corresponding to the vehicle width. The quantitative spreader 4 is constituted of an auxiliary roller 7 or a belt conveyor for delivering loaded objects such as clods, soil improving materials or aggregates to the rear and a spreading mechanism for quantitatively spreading the delivered clods, soil improving materials or aggregates.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for quantitatively dispersing soil mass or soil improving material or aggregate, and more particularly to a soil mass or granular material on a construction surface where sand is to be prevented or soil is improved. The present invention relates to an apparatus for spraying a soil improving material or an aggregate to a fixed thickness and a fixed width by mechanical construction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a vast sandy area or dune area in a coastal zone, and in a residential area or a factory or the like formed by cutting the soil or embedding the earth and sand, flying sand is formed. There is a risk of erosion and slope erosion, and the growth of the introduced vegetation is a concern.

[0003] Flying sand occurs when the wind blows on the ground, and most of its movement is a dynamic movement. In the flying sand phenomenon, 90% or more of the sand particles are only 30 cm from the surface of the ground.
Observations and experiments have shown that it extends over a range of heights.

Conventionally, methods for suppressing the generation of sand and reducing the amount of sand (countermeasures against sand) include (1) suppression of the generation source, (2) suppression before diffusion, or diffusion. Three steps of measures are taken, such as catching later, (3) suppressing re-spreading, and the above-mentioned (1) measures against flying sand include ground surface stabilization, vegetation, etc. As a countermeasure for (2), a windbreak soil base, a static sand fence, a windbreak shelf and the like are known, and as a countermeasure for (3), a flying sand protection forest and the like are known.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 49-39202 discloses that the floor is leveled by tightening the floor, the subsoil of the mountain is mixed with the topsoil, and the resultant is dispersed and placed on a 5 cm thick roll while rolling. The first step is to lay the foundation, then cultivate to a depth of 2 cm with an agricultural tractor, mix and disperse the fertilizer and seeds, lightly cover the soil, and press the second step to cultivate the sowing. On the compacted soil, in a reservoir, sprinkle a coating agent mixed with water and apply a coating agent. The coating process is the third step. A greening vegetation method for preventing flying sand, which is characterized by prevention of flying sand pollution and environmental protection, is described.

[0006]

The method of spraying a soil mass or a granular soil improving material or aggregate on a sandy land surface according to the prior art described above is an effective method for preventing flying sand, and particularly combining this with a vegetation method. And the advantage that the source of flying sand can be suppressed is exhibited, but the problem lies in the work of uniformly dispersing the soil mass or granular soil improvement material or aggregate on the sandy surface, and ultimately It was still unsatisfactory in that it required manual laying and laying repair, was inefficient, and required labor costs.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to quantitatively spray a soil mass, a granular soil improving material or an aggregate to a fixed thickness and a fixed width on a construction surface on which sand is to be prevented or sand is to be improved or soil is to be improved. The present invention is to provide a spraying device capable of performing the above. Another object of the present invention is to provide a material having a certain thickness even when the soil mass or soil improvement material or aggregate has a high moisture content and is likely to adhere or consolidate (tightly tightened) in a loaded or transported state. Another object of the present invention is to provide a spraying device capable of spraying a fixed amount in a fixed width.

[0008]

According to the present invention, there is provided a quantitative spraying apparatus which is attached to a rear portion of a crawler dump to spray a soil mass, a soil improving material or an aggregate in a width corresponding to a vehicle width. The device is composed of an auxiliary roller or a belt conveyor for unloading the pile of soil or soil improvement material or aggregate to the rear, and a spraying mechanism for dispersing the mass of soil or soil improvement material or aggregate to be sent. The present invention provides an apparatus for quantitatively dispersing soil mass, soil improvement material, or aggregate. In the present invention, as the auxiliary roller for feeding the load, a roller having a plurality of pins planted thereon is used, and the pins are rollers which are arranged at intervals in the axial direction and at different radial angles. be able to. Further, a belt conveyor can be used to send the load. On the other hand, a roller or a screw can be used as the spraying mechanism. As a roller for dispersing, a roller having a large number of pins planted thereon is preferably a roller in which the pins are arranged at intervals in the axial direction and shifted in the radial direction. In addition, the pin of the spraying roller is composed of a cylindrical pedestal provided to protrude radially outward from the roller surface and a bolt implanted in a female screw of the pedestal, and the length of the pin is provided so as to be adjustable. Those are also preferably used. When a combination of the auxiliary roller and the scatter roller is used, it is preferable that the diameter of the auxiliary roller is larger than the diameter of the scatter roller, and the rotation speed of the auxiliary roller is set to be smaller than the rotation number of the scatter roller.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, when spraying a mass of soil or granular soil improving material or aggregate (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a material) on a construction surface where sand is to be prevented or soil is to be improved, Use a crawler dump with a metering sprayer with a width approximately equivalent to the vehicle width at the rear.

It has already been pointed out that the sandy ground is soft and easy to get wet, and it is difficult to disperse the soil mass or granular soil improving material or aggregate by mechanical construction. However, in the present invention, the drive for traveling is grounded. In order to adopt the crawler (crawler) method, which has a large area and therefore, the weight per area is much smaller than that of a vehicle driven by a tire, etc., a large mass of soil or soil improvement material or aggregate is loaded on the carrier. Thus, the operation of spraying the sand on the surface of the sand while transporting the sand can be smoothly performed without any trouble.

[0011] In a crawler dump, the front portion of the loading platform is lifted and inclined, and the load is discharged from the rear portion. In the present invention, a fixed mass spreading device attached to the rear portion of the crawler dump is used as a soil mass or soil improvement material or a soil improvement material. Use is made of a combination of auxiliary rollers for feeding the aggregate load to the rear and a spreading mechanism for distributing the soil mass or soil improving material or aggregate to be fed. In the present specification, to avoid confusion, the front side and the rear side will be referred to as the front side and the rear side of the bed with respect to the front part and the rear part of the bed.

[0012] The above-mentioned fixed quantity spraying device is attached to the rear part of the crawler dump, and a mass of soil or soil improving material or aggregate is loaded on the bed, and as long as the material is stably supplied from the front part of the bed, a material of a certain width and a certain thickness is formed. Spraying becomes possible. However, in the case of the above-mentioned soil mass or soil improvement material or aggregate, there is often a problem that it is not possible to stably supply the cargo to the rear portion only by lifting the cargo bed in an inclined state, and a lot of manpower is required to solve this trouble. That is the situation.

[0013] That is, the material such as the soil mass, soil improvement material, or aggregate, which is sprayed according to the present invention, has a great change in water content (ratio) depending on the season or over time. For example, in the case of Mizusawa Chemical's soil improving material (Galeonite HK), the content is 80 to 180% (JSF.T.121 method). But,
For a material having a water content (ratio) of more than 180%, the material gradually becomes compacted by its own weight on the inclined bed, and the supply to the quantitative spraying mechanism stops. According to the experiments of the present inventors, the occurrence of this consolidation state occurs 10 minutes in front of the spraying mechanism.
It often occurs within 0 cm, and even if a consolidation state occurs in a part of the width direction of the bed, it is extremely important to prevent the spraying at a constant width from being impossible.

According to the present invention, an auxiliary roller is provided in front of the fixed amount dispersing mechanism to supply the rear of the soil mass or soil improving material or aggregate while unraveling (unraveling) the material. As a result, the advantage that the occurrence of the consolidation state is effectively eliminated and that the supply to the constant-volume dispersing mechanism is stably performed is achieved.

In the present invention, as the auxiliary roller, a roller having a contact area with a material as small as possible and having a force for unraveling the material as large as possible is suitable. For this purpose, it is preferable to use a roller having a shaft on which a number of pins are planted, wherein the pins are arranged at intervals in the axial direction and shifted at an angle in the radial direction. In this auxiliary roller, the contact area with the material is a pin, so the contact area is small, there is no adhesion or consolidation, and because the pins are arranged at a different radial angle, the ability to release the material is high. It has the advantage of being large.

On the other hand, as the dispersing mechanism, any mechanism can be used as long as it can disperse the material in a constant width and a constant thickness, and for example, a roller or a screw is used.

As the roller for spraying, a roller in which a large number of pins are planted, wherein the pins are arranged at intervals in the axial direction and shifted in the radial direction, is particularly preferable. The use of this pin planting roller has the advantage that the material is unraveled and the material is leveled evenly in the width direction due to the rotation of the pin, and the material is scattered uniformly and uniformly.

The sprinkling roller has a pin-shaped pedestal provided so as to protrude radially outward from the roller surface, and a bolt implanted in a female screw of the pedestal, and the length of the pin is provided so as to be adjustable. Are preferably used. That is, by changing the length of the pin (for example, by increasing the length of the pin), there is an advantage that the thickness of the material to be scattered can be adjusted (the thickness of the scattered material can be increased).

When a combination of the auxiliary roller and the spreading roller is used, the diameter of the auxiliary roller is larger than the diameter of the spreading roller, and the rotation speed of the auxiliary roller is set to be smaller than the rotation speed of the spreading roller. This is advantageous in preventing adhesion and consolidation of the material and stably supplying the material to the spreading roller. That is, under the above conditions, the unraveling of the material by the auxiliary roller can be performed with a slow rotation with respect to the large volume of the material, which is particularly effective in preventing consolidation.

According to the present invention, a constant-quantity spraying device having a width substantially equivalent to the vehicle width is provided at the rear of the crawler dump, and the front of the loading platform is lifted and inclined to drive the crawler dump. Is spread quantitatively in a wide width corresponding to the vehicle width. That is, the supply amount of the quantitative spraying apparatus is set to M [kg / sec.
c], the spraying width is W [m], and the traveling speed of the crawler dump is V [m / sec], the spraying amount X per unit area is as follows: X = M / (W · V) [kg / m ² ] Thus, it becomes possible to spray a fixed mass, that is, a soil mass or granular soil improving material or aggregate to a certain thickness.

The amount of spray X can be easily adjusted by adjusting the supply amount M of the fixed amount spraying device and / or the traveling speed V of the crawler. By associating the traveling speed of the crawler, it is possible to perform a constant amount of spraying regardless of the crawler speed.

In the present invention, a belt conveyor can be used instead of the auxiliary roller. In other words, by installing a belt conveyor extending from the front of the bed to the rear of the bed at the bottom of the bed, it is possible to constantly supply a fixed amount of soil mass or soil improving material or aggregate loaded on the bed to the spraying mechanism. .

When the auxiliary roller is used for the constant supply of the material, it is necessary to lift the front part of the bed and to tilt it, and to run the crawler dump in this state, as described above. Yes, such a driving operation does not cause any problem in construction on flat ground. However, when the construction surface is an inclined surface such as a slope, inclining the carrier makes the crawler dump unstable, and running the crawler dump in this state or in this state may even lead to a danger of falling. In the method using a belt conveyor for the constant supply of material, the material on the bed can be supplied in a fixed state without tilting the bed, so that the fixed amount of soil mass, soil improvement material, aggregate, etc. can be sprayed on the inclined surface. It has the advantage of being possible.

According to the present invention, the use of the crawler dump equipped with the above-described quantitative spraying device allows the spread of the soil mass or the granular soil improving material or the aggregate to be spread by machine construction in a wide area corresponding to the vehicle width of the crawler. It can be done quantitatively by width,
Efficient work can be performed without special labor. In particular, when vegetation is performed simultaneously with the application of the soil mass or granular soil improvement material or aggregate or after the application of the soil mass or granular soil improvement material or aggregate, the construction period is required to prevent turfgrass from falling off in summer. Although it is unavoidable to be limited, according to the present invention, the introduction of the above-mentioned mechanical construction significantly shortens the construction period, and thus has an advantage that the above-mentioned restriction is considerably eased.

As the soil mass or granular soil improving material or aggregate used in the quantitative spraying apparatus of the present invention, all the soil mass or granular soil improving material or aggregate conventionally used in this type of construction method can be used. . In general, it is preferable that the lumps or granular soil improvers or aggregates have a particle size of 5 to 50 mm, especially 10 to 30 mm. If the particle size is smaller than the above range, the effect of preventing sand from scattering is insufficient, while if the particle size is larger than the above range,
There is no particular advantage due to the increase in the particle size, resulting in an increase in the amount of spray and the resulting increase in cost, which is not economically favorable.

To explain the construction for preventing sand from flying, the occurrence of sand is closely related to the friction speed obtained from the ground surface frictional stress. Generally, the friction speed at which the sand starts to move is defined as the limit friction speed. The wind speed above the sky is called the critical wind speed. Generally, the critical wind speed at 1m above ground is 5m / sec.
c. It is said that the critical speed of the flying sand varies depending on the particle size of the sand, the water content ratio, and the roughness length of the ground surface. That is,
The critical friction speed depends on the particle size of the sand.
According to the results of experiments using a wind tunnel, sand with a particle size of about 0.1 mm is most likely to move, and those with a finer or coarser particle size are less likely to move. On the other hand, the sand content tends to decrease as the water content on the sand surface increases, and the sand content decreases sharply as the water content increases, and the effect of the water content increases as the friction speed increases, especially. Becomes When the wind speed at a certain point is measured by height, a weak value is obtained near the surface of the ground, and a strong value is obtained at a high position. The roughness of the ground surface refers to the state of the ground surface contributing to a decrease in wind speed near the ground surface.

The use of the above-mentioned soil mass or granular soil improver or aggregate increases the critical speed, and increases the roughness of the ground surface to reduce the wind speed near the ground surface. It will help prevent it. Further, the soil mass or the granular soil improving material has a higher moisture content than a normal sand surface, which also helps to prevent flying sand.

(1) Clot As the clot, any clot having the above particle size can be used.
For example, for classification, podsol, brown forest soil, red soil, yellow soil, peat soil, black mud, low wetland soil, gray lowland soil, brown lowland soil, and the like are all used.

(2) Granular soil improver As the granular soil improver, a granular soil improver such as a mineral substance, an animal and plant matter, a microbial substance, a synthetic compound, a fertilizer, or the like may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Used in combination with the above soil.

(2-1) Mineral soil amendment materials Smectite, bentonite, zeolite, silicate, aluminosilicate, vermiculite, dawsonite, nepheline, alunite,
Examples include pearlite, gypsum, fly ash, converter sill, ferronickel sill, Kanuma earth, or a mixture thereof.

As a suitable example of the soil conditioner, a filter cake formed when the acid waste liquid discharged in the acid treatment step of clay and the alkaline waste liquid and / or lime discharged in the synthesis step of zeolite are mixed and neutralized is used. Those having a fixed particle size are preferably used. This soil conditioner is commercially available from Mizusawa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. under the trade name "Galeonite HK".

The acidic waste liquid produced in the acid treatment step of the clay contains basic components contained in the clay, that is, an alumina component, an alkaline earth metal component, iron and the like in the form of water-soluble salts. In addition, a silica component is contained in the form of an acidic sol. On the other hand, the alkaline waste liquid discharged in the zeolite synthesis step contains alkali aluminate, alkaline sol of silica, and fine particles of amorphous or crystalline zeolite. Thus, when the acidic waste liquid is neutralized with lime or the alkaline waste liquid, amorphous silica, amorphous alumina, amorphous or crystalline silica alumina or aluminosilicate (including zeolite), iron hydroxide And oxides, gypsum, etc., and most of these components are components excellent in adsorptivity such as hygroscopicity and are substantially composed of components insoluble or hardly soluble in water.

In the siliceous and / or alumina components, the primary particles are extremely fine, but these primary particles form a porous structure in which the primary particles are aggregated with each other or with other components. The structure has a high porosity. For example, the unit volume weight according to the JIS A 1104 method is 1.479 g / cm ³ in the case of mountain sand in a natural state, whereas 0.75 to 1.20 in the case of this aluminosilicate soil conditioner, Preferably 0.85 to 0.9
It is in the range of 9 g / cm ³ and is porous. For this reason, the soil conditioner is excellent in water retention, and in a natural state, the water content by the JSFT 121 method is in the range of 80 to 180%.

The aluminosilicate-based soil conditioner comprises 4
14 to 30% by weight of Al ₂ O ₃ , 10 to 35% by weight of SiO ₂ ,
It is preferable to contain 3 to 8% by weight of Fe ₂ O _{3 and} 8 to 20% by weight of an alkaline earth metal oxide in view of the above-mentioned various characteristics. In addition, it is preferable that the soil conditioner has a pH of 6 to 9 as measured as an aqueous suspension in order to prevent harm caused by acid or alkali.

The aluminosilicate soil conditioner has a water content of 80 to 180 according to the JSF T121 method.
%, Particularly preferably 100 to 170%. If the water content of the aluminosilicate soil improver is 80% or less, the particle surface becomes powdery and dust is easily generated,
On the other hand, if it is 180% or more, there is a tendency for coarse particles to be formed due to caking and non-uniformity of spraying, and also to reduce workability.

Further, this aluminosilicate soil conditioner has a unit volume weight of 0.1 according to JIS A 1104 method.
75 to 1.20, preferably 0.85 to 0.99 g
/ Cm ³ is preferable. This unit weight is
It is smaller than that of the soil mass, because of its high coarse porosity and good drainage.

The water absorption of this aluminosilicate soil conditioner was evaluated by the measurement method described below to be 96 to 9
8%, for example, sunparfa (100
%), Kanuma soil (104.8%), commercially available soil conditioner (9
6.4%), mountain sand (27%), field soil (47.3%),
Sea sand (24%) is a soil material that imparts water retention as compared with the values in parentheses, and its water permeability is apparent from the value of 2.8 × 10 ⁻⁴ cm / s. It also has excellent water permeability.

The cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the aluminosilicate soil conditioner is 80 to 220 meq /
It is also characteristic that it is in the range of 100 g. The value of CEC is about 4 to 10 times that of natural mountain soil and mountain sand generally used as civil engineering materials, and is excellent in so-called fertilizer retention and retention. This is attributed to the fact that the aluminosilicate-based soil conditioner contains an ion exchange component such as zeolite (sodium aluminosilicate).

(2-2) Animal and plant soil improvement materials Examples of animal and plant soil improvement materials include peat moss, peat, peat, humic acid materials, nitrohumic acid, processed poultry manure, earthworm dung, shell fossils, shell crushed products, etc. Is used.
The humic acid material is obtained by decomposing lignite, which has been coalified more than peat or peat, with nitric acid to produce nitrohumic acid, which is neutralized with lime, formic acid, or potassium.

(2-3) Microbial soil improver As the microbial soil improver, compost, compost, forcing compost, dried cell fertilizer and the like are used. As the composting materials, materials obtained by fermenting various organic substances are used.For example, in addition to livestock poultry manure compost, livestock poultry manure compost containing sawdust and chips, bark compost, sludge compost, municipal garbage compost, paper sludge compost, etc. No. In addition, as a dried cell fertilizer, yeast cultured in pulp manufacturing waste liquid, or dried scum extracted from yeast,
Excess sludge produced by purifying waste liquid from the fermentation industry, the food industry, etc. by the activated sludge method is dried.

(2-4) Synthetic compound-based soil improver As the synthetic compound-based soil improver, water-soluble organic polymers,
For example, an anionic, cationic or nonionic water-soluble organic polymer is used. Examples of the anionic polymer include sodium polyacrylate, or a copolymer of sodium polyacrylate and polyacrylamide,
Sodium polymethacrylate, sodium alginate,
Ammonium alginate, carboxymethyl starch, carboxymethyl cellulose, acrylamide-acrylic acid copolymer, maleic anhydride-vinyl ether copolymer,
Chitosan, sodium styrenesulfonate copolymer and the like are used. Cationic polymers include polyaminoalkyl (meth) acrylate, aminoalkyl (meth)
An acrylate-acrylamide copolymer, cationic starch, polyethyleneimine, polydiallylammonium halide, ionene-based polymer, chitosan and the like can be mentioned. Examples of the nonionic polymer include polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), starch, cyanated starch, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, veegum, gelatin, polyethylene glycol and the like. These synthetic compound-based soil conditioners are components for coagulating and aggregating particles such as soil, and are generally used in combination with the aforementioned soil or soil conditioners.

(2-5) Fertilizer-based soil improver As the fertilizer-based soil improver, phosphate fertilizers such as phosphate rock, calcareous fertilizers such as limestone, and siliceous fertilizers such as mineral slags are used.

(3) Aggregate The aggregate used for forming the ground such as a road is gravel,
Crushed stone, crushed concrete, etc. are used.

The above-mentioned soil mass or granular soil improving material or aggregate can be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds in the state having the above-mentioned particle size. A mixture of these materials having a certain particle size can also be used.

For example, among the above-mentioned aluminosilicate-based soil improving materials, the powder having a relatively small particle size is excellent in agglomerating action on the soil material. It can be mixed with microbial soil amendments, synthetic compound soil amendments, fertilizers, etc., and used in the form of granules for spraying to prevent flying sand and improve soil. Also,
When vegetation is performed simultaneously with the prevention of flying sand, plant seeds such as turf can be simultaneously contained together with fertilizer.

Suitable examples of the composition of such a composite granular soil conditioner are as follows, but are not limited to this example. Ingredients Mixing examples Mixing ratio Aluminosilicate soil improver 35% by weight 30 to 100% by weight Clot 30% by weight 0 to 50% by weight Animal and plant soil improver 20% by weight 0 to 30% by weight Microbial soil improver 10% by weight 0 to 20% by weight Synthetic compound-based soil conditioner 3% by weight 0 to 5% by weight Fertilizer 1% by weight 0 to 3% by weight Plant seed 1% by weight 0 to 2% by weight

When the present invention is applied to the method for preventing sand from flying, the above-mentioned soil mass or granular soil improving material or aggregate is sprayed on a sandy surface so as to have an average thickness of generally 10 to 60 mm, particularly 30 to 50 mm. . When the thickness is smaller than the above range, the effect of sand-sand prevention and soil improvement is smaller than when the thickness is within the above-described range. This is disadvantageous because the effect is not increased and the construction cost is increased.

For ordinary purposes, it is sufficient to apply one layer of soil mass or granular soil amendment or aggregate to the surface of the sand.
If desired, two or more layers of soil mass or granular soil improving material or aggregate can be sprayed. In the latter case, multiple layers of the soil mass or granular soil improving material or aggregate are sprayed. Can be. For example, the lower layer can be an aggregate and the upper layer can be a soil mass or a granular soil improving material, or the lower layer can be a soil improving material and the upper layer can be a soil mass.

[0049]

Embodiment 1 FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example of a crawler dump used in the present invention. This crawler dump is roughly divided into a crawler 1 for traveling on sandy ground.
And an operation table 2 for operating the crawler, a bed 3 for loading the soil mass or granular soil improving material or aggregate, and a fixed amount dispersing device 4 installed at the rear of the bed. The crawler dump composed of the crawler 1, the cab 2 and the carrier 3 is known per se, and any one can be used for the purpose of the present invention. In general, the carrier 3 is swingably provided on a frame 6 of the crawler 1 via a support shaft 5 at a rear portion thereof, and a front portion of the carrier 3 is lifted and raised by a driving force of an engine (not shown). Reduction is possible.

The metering device 4 comprises an auxiliary roller 7, a metering device 8 and a motor 9 for driving these devices. The driving force of the motor 9 is a reduction drive mechanism 11 comprising a pulley and a V belt or a chain. , And the rotation is further transmitted to the pulley and V
The power is transmitted to the auxiliary roller 7 via a reduction drive mechanism 11 including a belt or a chain.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the auxiliary roller 7 is composed of a shaft 13 on which a number of straight pins 12 are planted. The pins 12 are arranged at intervals in the axial direction and at different angles in the radial direction. Have been. More specifically, axis 1
3 has a mounting hole 14 for the pin 12, through which the straight pin 12 is supported by a shaft at the center. Each pin 12 is provided on the shaft 13 at a constant pitch p, and in the specific example shown in the drawing, pins adjacent in the axial direction are shifted from each other by 45 °. That is, in FIG. 3, the first pin 12a from the right side has an angle of 45 °,
The second pin 12b is 90 °, the third pin 12c is 1
35 °, the fourth pin 12d is set to 180 °. The length L of each pin 12 is generally 500 to 10
00 mm, and the pitch p between the pins 12 is 1
Suitably, it is in the range of 00 to 300 mm.

In FIG. 5, which shows an example of the quantitative spraying mechanism 8, FIG. 5A is a top view, FIG. 5B is a front view, and FIG. 5C is a side view. Roller 15, a housing 16 for accommodating and supporting the spreading roller, and an adjusting shutter 17 for adjusting the amount of inflow of material.

The housing 16 has a mounting arm 18, and is mounted on a swing 20 of the carrier 3 by a mounting pin 19. The prime mover 9 is provided on the housing 16, and transmits a driving force to the shaft 21 of the spray roller 15 via the speed reduction mechanism 10.

The adjusting shutter 17 can be moved up and down to adjust the amount of material flowing in. For this purpose, the loading platform 20 has a shaft 23 having a gripping bar 22 at the upper end provided with a bracket 23. A screw provided on the shaft 23 is engaged with a female screw 25 provided on the adjustment shutter 17. Thus, by rotating the shaft 23, the adjustment shutter 17 can be moved up and down to adjust the inflow amount of the material.

In FIG. 6 showing a preferred example of the spreading roller, (A) is a front view of the spreading roller, (B) is a side view of the spreading roller, and (C) is a detailed view of a pin in the spreading roller. It is. The sprinkling roller 15 is composed of a roller 26 having a constant diameter and a number of pins 27 planted on the roller, and the pins 27 are arranged at intervals in the axial direction and shifted in the radial direction. Have been. In the specific example shown in the drawing, a pair of pins are 18
The pins extend in the opposite direction by 0 °, and the pins adjacent in the pin axis direction are in a state where the angle is shifted by 45 °. That is, in FIG. 6, the first pin 27a from the right side has an angle of 45 °,
The second pin 27b is 90 °, the third pin 27c is 1
35 °, the fourth pin 27d is set to 180 °. Length (diameter) R between the tips of a pair of opposing pins
Is generally in the range of 200 to 400 mm, and the pitch p between the pins is suitably in the range of 50 to 100 mm. On the other hand, the ratio (R / r) of the length (diameter) R to the roller base diameter r is preferably in the range of 4/3 to 8/3.

The length of the pin 27 of the spreading roller 15 is preferably adjustable.
As shown in FIG. 4C, a pillar-shaped pedestal 28 protruding radially outward from the surface of the roller 26 and a bolt 29 implanted in a female screw of the pedestal are provided. By shortening the length and pulling out the bolt 29, the length of the pin can be increased. Those provided with a short but adjustable length are also preferably used. In the illustrated example, a hexagonal bolt is used as the bolt, and the unraveling action of the bolt head is developed.

In the combination of the auxiliary roller 7 and the scatter roller 15 used in this embodiment, the diameter L of the auxiliary roller 7 is larger than the diameter R of the scatter roller 15, and the rotation speed (n
₁ ) is set to be smaller than the number of rotations (n ₂ ) of the spraying roller 15, the L / R ratio is generally in the range of 5/4 to 5/1, and the n ₁ / n ₂ ratio is 1 / 2 to 1/10
It is preferable in order to perform smooth quantitative spraying while avoiding the occurrence of consolidation.

In the apparatus of this specific example, it is preferable to use a drive mechanism of a base vehicle (crawler dump) main body as the prime mover 9 for driving the auxiliary roller and the scatter roller. It becomes possible to control the driving of the spraying roller simultaneously with the running speed of the machine, and to perform the quantitative spraying of the soil mass or granular soil improving material or aggregate. The prime mover 9 is more preferably a hydraulic motor, and this hydraulic motor is connected to a hydraulic pump directly connected to an engine of the base vehicle body through a power take-off line (a line for extracting power from the hydraulic pump). This makes it possible to easily drive at a speed corresponding to the traveling speed. Further, since the hydraulic motor and the spray roller are connected via the speed reducer 10, it is possible to obtain an appropriate rotation speed and drive torque.

An example of construction in the first embodiment will be described below. As the crawler dump, the following 3.5 t crawler dump (Y50, C50R, YFW40R), which has a high carrying capacity on sand and is relatively easy to procure, was used. Base vehicle specifications Model C50R (YFW40R) Engine Vertical water-cooled 4-cylinder 100PS diesel Maximum loading capacity 3500kg Running speed 0-10km / h Vehicle dimensions Overall length 4185mm Overall width 2000mm Overall height 2440mm Vehicle weight 4600kg Carrier dimensions Overall length 2825mm Overall width 1850mm Overall height 300mm

(1) Auxiliary roller dimensions Shaft width 1850 mm Pin length L 800 mm Pin pitch p 200 mm Shaft diameter 80 mm Weight 50 kg Drive system Hydraulic motor Roller rotation speed 0 to 50 rpm (when running 0 to 10 km / h) (2) ) Spray roller Dimensions Shaft width 1850mm Pin reference length R 250mm (250-350mm adjustable) Pin pitch p 75mm Shaft diameter 150mm Weight 300kg Spray method Roller + free fall Spray width 1850mm Spraying capacity 60m ² / min (Spray thickness 1cm Time) Drive system Hydraulic motor Roller rotation speed 0 to 200 rpm (0 to 10 km / h running) Adjustment part Roller clearance 0 to 100 mm Shutter height 0 to 250 mm Pin height 50 to 100 mm

Aluminosilicate soil improving material (Galeonite HK, manufactured by Mizusawa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) Particle size 5 to ³⁰ mm Moisture content 171% 5 m ³ is loaded on the bed of a crawler dump, and the soil improving material is sprayed on sandy ground. Was. The supply of soil conditioner to the spreading roller is stable,
There was no consolidation, and it was possible to spray the entire amount in a constant width of 1.8 m and a constant thickness of 40 mm. For comparison, when the soil improving material was sprayed in the same manner as described above except that only the auxiliary roller was removed, while the material was being supplied to the spreading roller, a constant width of 1.8 m and 40 mm were used.
Spraying could be performed to a constant thickness of 5 mm, but after 5 minutes from the start of the spraying, a consolidation state occurred due to the own weight of the material, and the supply of the material to the spreading roller was stopped.

[Embodiment 2] In FIG. 7 showing another example of the quantitative spraying apparatus of the present invention, (A) is a top view and (B)
Is a side view, and (C) is a rear view. As in the case of the first embodiment, this crawler dump includes a crawler 1 for traveling on sand, a cab 2 for operating the crawler, and a pile for loading soil or granular soil improving material or aggregate. It is composed of a bed 3 and a fixed-quantity spraying device 4 installed on the bed. The crawler dump composed of the crawler 1, the cab 2 and the carrier 3 is known per se, and any one can be used for the purpose of the present invention. Generally, the bed 3
The frame 6 of the crawler 1 is supported via the support shaft 5 at the rear.
, And the front part of the loading platform 3 can be lifted and lowered by the driving force of an engine (not shown).
Lifting of the bed is unnecessary.

The metering device 4 of this embodiment comprises a belt conveyor 30 arranged from the front to the rear at the bottom of the carrier and a spray mechanism 31 provided at the rear.

The belt conveyor 30 includes a front roller 32
, A rear roller 33, and a belt 34 stretched between these rollers, and a contact plate 35 for pushing a belt-shaped material is attached to the surface of the belt 34 at regular intervals.

A shutter 36 is provided on the upper side of the feeding side of the belt conveyor 30 so as to be swingable about a fulcrum 37, so that the thickness of the material from the belt 30 is made uniform in the width direction and the supply amount is also made constant. It is adjustable to become.

When the material is conveyed by the belt conveyor 30, the thickness of the material supplied to the sprinkling mechanism 31 is already constant in the width direction. Therefore, the sprinkling mechanism 31 may have a simple structure. In this specific example, in this specific example, the circular blade 39
Is used.

Although not shown, the driving of the belt conveyor 30 and the spraying mechanism 31 can be performed by using the same motor as the prime mover 9 described in the first embodiment.

When the fixed amount spraying apparatus of the second embodiment is mounted on the crawler dump of the first embodiment, the maximum load capacity is 1.5
m ³ , running speed up to 10 km / h, spraying width 1
500mm, spraying capacity is up to ^30m 2 / min,
It was possible to spray a certain thickness and a certain width without tilting the carrier.

[0069]

According to the present invention, there is provided a quantitative spraying apparatus which is attached to a rear portion of a crawler dump and sprays a soil mass, a soil improvement material or an aggregate with a width corresponding to a vehicle width. Or an auxiliary roller or a belt conveyor for unwinding and transporting the load of soil improvement material or aggregate to the rear, and a spraying mechanism for dispersing the soil mass or soil improvement material or aggregate to be sent in a fixed amount. It is possible to apply a soil mass or a granular soil improving material or an aggregate to a construction surface on which sand is to be prevented or soil is to be improved or soil is to be quantitatively sprayed to a constant thickness and a constant width by mechanical construction. In addition, even if the mass of soil, soil improvement material or aggregate has a high moisture content and adhesion or consolidation (solid tightness) is likely to occur in the loaded or transported state, these materials are reduced to a certain thickness and a certain width. A remarkable advantage is achieved that it is possible to apply a fixed amount. If a belt conveyor is used to feed the material, it is possible to perform a constant amount of spraying by running the crawler dump without lifting the bed of the crawler dump, thereby enabling a constant amount of material to be sprayed on an inclined surface such as a slope. Benefits are played.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a fixed amount spraying device of the present invention together with a crawler dump.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing the crawler dump with the fixed-quantity spraying device of FIG. 1 in a state where a bed is lifted.

FIG. 3 is a front view illustrating an example of an auxiliary roller.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the auxiliary roller of FIG. 3;

5A and 5B are three views of the spraying mechanism, wherein FIG.
(B) is a front view and (C) is a side view.

FIG. 6 is a view of a spreading roller, (A) is a front view,
(B) is a side view and (C) is a detailed view of a pin.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are three views of a crawler dump with a spraying mechanism according to another example of the present invention, wherein FIG. 7A is a top view and FIG.
Is a side view and (C) is a rear view.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 crawler 2 cab 3 loading platform 4 fixed quantity spreading device 5 support shaft at rear of loading platform 6 crawler frame 7 auxiliary roller 8 fixed quantity spreading mechanism 9 prime mover for driving fixed quantity spreading mechanism 10 reduction drive mechanism 11 reduction drive mechanism 12 straight pin 13 Shaft 14 Mounting Hole 15 Spreading Roller 16 Housing 17 Adjustment Shutter 18 Mounting Arm 19 Mounting Pin 20 Carrier Tilt 21 Spreading Roller Shaft 22 Holding Bar 23 Shaft with Holding Bar 24 Bracket 25 Female Screw Provided on Adjustment Shutter 26 Roller 27 Pin 28 Columnar base 29 Bolt 30 Belt conveyor 31 Spreading mechanism 32 Front roller 33 Rear roller 34 Belt 35 Backing plate 36 Shutter 37 Support point 38 Shaft 39 Circular blade

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoshiharu Honma 3-10 Ichibanoridoricho, Niigata City, Niigata Prefecture F-Terminal Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2D043 CA01 CB00 EA02 EA06 EA10

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A quantitative spraying device attached to the rear of a crawler dump for spraying a soil mass or soil improving material or aggregate with a width corresponding to a vehicle width, the quantitative spraying device comprising: a soil mass or soil improving material or bone. A lump or soil improvement comprising: an auxiliary roller or a belt conveyor for unloading the loaded material and sending it to the rear; and a sprinkling mechanism for quantitatively dispersing the sent lump or soil improving material or aggregate. Equipment for quantitatively dispersing aggregates or aggregates. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary roller comprises a shaft on which a number of pins are planted, wherein the pins are rollers arranged at intervals in the axial direction and shifted in the radial direction. 4. A device for quantitatively dispersing soil mass, soil improvement material or aggregate as described in the above. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the spraying mechanism is a roller or a screw. 4. The sprinkling mechanism is a roller having a large number of pins planted thereon, wherein the pins are rollers which are arranged at intervals in the axial direction and are offset at a radial angle. An apparatus for quantitatively dispersing soil mass, soil improvement material or aggregate according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the diameter of the auxiliary roller is larger than the diameter of the spray roller, and the rotation speed of the auxiliary roller is set to be smaller than the rotation speed of the spray roller. An apparatus for quantitatively dispersing soil mass, soil improvement material or aggregate as described in the above. 6. A sprinkling roller comprising a cylindrical pedestal provided so as to protrude radially outward from the roller surface and a bolt implanted in a female screw of the pedestal, wherein the length of the pin is provided so as to be adjustable. 6. The method according to claim 4, wherein
A device for spraying soil mass or soil improving material or aggregate according to the above.