JP3850985B2 - Vegetation base material, vegetation base and method of manufacturing vegetation base material - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an effective utilization of a dehydrated cake formed by dehydrating muddy water generated by washing water for aggregates or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
At construction sites such as dams, turbid water containing fine-grained clay is generated due to aggregate production (gravel, sand) at the time of concrete placement, operation and basic treatment of the batcher plant, rainfall on the rough rocks, etc. These muddy waters are respectively sent to muddy water treatment facilities and treated with chemicals, etc., as a method for this, a sludge treated with muddy water is stored in a settling pond that has been excavated in advance with a pump or the like and is naturally dried. The sludge is dehydrated with a dehydrator such as a filter press to produce a dehydrated cake, and the dehydrated cake is transported with a dump truck, etc. is there. When the above sedimentation basin method is adopted, it is necessary to secure a large sedimentation basin site for treating a large amount of sludge generated during dam construction. The muddy water treatment by the dehydrated cake method is performed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the method of embedding the dehydrated cake on the receiving site is disadvantageous in terms of cost and management because a large area of land (to be able to secure the embankment capacity) has to be secured in advance. In addition, the dehydrated cake is in a so-called mud state of 0.2 MPa or less in terms of the cone index, which is an index indicating the strength of the soil. Since it is in a state in which no one can walk on it, even when the dehydrated cake is embanked on the receiving ground, it has not been strong enough to be piled up one after another. In addition, it was necessary to be careful in handling such as not to drop it on the road during transportation by dump. Therefore, in order to continuously dispose of the dewatered cake on the above receiving land, the strength of the dewatered cake is improved to a state suitable for the embankment material, and the workability of the embankment is improved, and the long-term sliding on the embankment is prevented. It was necessary to ensure safety. For this reason, the adoption of the method of embedding the dehydrated cake on the receiving site has some limitations in terms of cost, transportation, handling, and throughput.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the conventional problems, and it is not necessary to secure a land for embankment by using a dehydrated cake as a vegetation base material and a vegetation base, and it can be easily transported and handled. The processing amount is not limited and a method for manufacturing a vegetation base material is provided to enable efficient manufacture of the vegetation base material.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The vegetation base material according to claim 1 of the present invention is charged with a dehydrating cake and a solidified material such as cement into a mixer equipped with a rotor having a plurality of flat cutting plates attached to a rotating shaft thereof. The cake is shredded with the cutting plate and mixed with the solidification material while being subdivided, and then granulated , and the dehydrated cake granulated while mixing with the solidification material , that is, using the mixer Then , fertilizer is mixed with the granulate obtained by curing the granulated dehydrated cake for a predetermined time and then repulverizing it again.
[0006]
The vegetation base of the invention of claim 2 is a method in which a dehydrated cake and a solidified material such as cement are put into a mixer equipped with a rotor having a plurality of flat cut plates attached to a rotating shaft thereof, after while subdivided chopped by the cutting plate then mixed with the solidifying material treated comminuted, granular material of fine phased dehydrated cake while mixing with solidifying material in the above mixer and cured a predetermined time It is formed by mixing granular fertilizers obtained by re-fine graining again and pressurizing and spraying onto the vegetation site.
[0007]
The invention of claim 3 is a method for producing a vegetation base material capable of growing a plant, wherein a solidified material such as cement is granulated into a dehydrated cake, and a plurality of flat plate-shaped cutting plates are used as rotation axes thereof. The dehydrated cake is mixed with the solidified material while being shredded by the cutting plate and mixed with the solidified material, and then granulated, and mixed with the solidified material by the mixer. a mixture of fertilizer granules of fine phased dewatered cake granules obtained by re-fining process after a predetermined time curing with, so as to produce the vegetation base material capable of plant growth It is a thing.
[0009]
The invention of claim 4 is a method of manufacturing a vegetation base material according to claim 3, wherein, grain refining process in again, the particulate material of the grain refining has been dehydrated cake was re-introduced into the mixer It is characterized by doing.
[0010]
The invention of claim 5 is a method of manufacturing a vegetation base material according to claim 3, wherein, grain refining process in again, in the granules of the grain refining has been dehydrated cake is passed through a paddle mixer sizing It is characterized by being performed.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 FIG.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram for explaining a vegetation base material, a vegetation base, and a method for manufacturing the vegetation base material. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an apparatus that performs fine granulation while mixing a dehydrated cake and a solidified material. A mixing machine, 2 is a dehydrated cake supply device, 3 is a solidifying material supply device, and 4 is a dewatered cake processing device.
5 is a filter press for dewatering sludge sent from a muddy water treatment facility (not shown) to produce a dehydrated cake, 6 is a stock yard for storing the produced dehydrated cake, and 7A is a solidified material A (for example, cement). 7B is a silo for storing solidified material B (for example, lime), 8 is for storing the dehydrated cake solidified by the mixer 1, and supplying the solidified dehydrated cake to the transport truck. It is a loading hopper. Reference numeral 10 denotes a conveyance line for re-sizing the refined dehydrated cake.
The mixer 1 is provided with processing speed control means Cl for controlling the processing speed of the dehydrated cake by controlling the rotational speed of the rotor provided in the mixer 1, and the solidifying material supply device 3 includes Solidification material supply amount control means C3 for controlling the mixing ratio of the solidification material A and the solidification material B and the supply amount of the solidification material is provided.
[0012]
Next, the dewatering cake processing system having the above-described configuration will be described. At the construction site such as a dam, muddy water generated by the production of aggregates (gravel, sand) at the time of concrete placement, operation and basic treatment of the batcher plant, flooding of the rough rocks, etc. is sent to the muddy water treatment facility. After being treated with chemicals or the like, it is sent to the filter press 5 and dehydrated to produce a dehydrated cake. The dehydrated cake is temporarily stored in the dehydrated cake stock yard 6 and then sent to the dehydrated cake supply device 2 of the dehydrated cake processing device 4 by a conveyor such as a belt conveyor by a predetermined processing amount. After the moisture content and particle size are measured by the measuring device and the particle size distribution measuring device, the water content and the particle size are measured and then charged into the mixer 1 of the dehydrated cake supply device 2 at a predetermined charging speed. On the other hand, the solidified material A (for example, cement) stored in the silo 7A and the solidified material B (for example, lime) stored in the silo B are supplied to the dehydrated cake supply device 2 by a predetermined amount. After being sent to the apparatus 3 and mixed at a ratio based on the measured moisture content and particle size of the dehydrated cake, it is charged into the mixer 1 at a predetermined charging speed.
As will be described later, the mixer 1 is provided with rotors 1A, 1B, and 1C for chopping and finely pulverizing the charged dehydrated cake, and the finely divided dehydrated cake is the solidified material. And is uniformly mixed and discharged from the mixer 1 to the hopper 8. The strength of the solidified dehydrated cake varies somewhat depending on the mixing conditions such as the mixing ratio of the solidifying material A (for example, cement) and the solidifying material B (for example, lime) and the processing speed of the mixer 1, but the cone index. Is about 0.4 MPa or more, and the strength is remarkably improved as compared with the dehydrated cake before the treatment.
The dehydrated cake that has been subjected to the fine granulation process is sent to the loading hopper 8 by a predetermined amount of conveyor such as a belt conveyor, and then cured by the hopper 8 for a predetermined time (for example, 24 hours). For example, the mixture is supplied again from the dehydrated cake supply device 2 via the belt conveyor) to the mixer 1 and is finely divided. In this case, the supply of the dehydrated cake before the fine granulation from the dehydrated cake stock yard 6 is stopped, and the addition of the solidified material from the solidified material supply device 3 is stopped, and the fine granulation is performed again. .
[0013]
Here, the configuration and operation of the mixer 1 will be described in detail. The mixer 1 is called a multi-axis vertical mixer, and as shown in FIG. 2 (a), comprises a cylindrical rotary shaft 1a having a plurality of blade portions 1b at different angular positions on the side surfaces. A plurality of rotors 1A, 1B, and 1C are provided, and the dehydrated cake fed from the material inlet at the top of the mixer 1 is shredded and pulverized by the blade 1b, and the solidified material fed from the material inlet And the finely divided dehydrated cake are stirred and mixed to solidify the dehydrated cake. In this example, the process of granulating the dehydrated cake by chopping is called fine graining. As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the blade portion 1b is obtained by attaching a flat plate-shaped dewatered cake cutting plate 1c to the rotary shaft 1a via a rod-like support member 1d. By driving the shaft 1a and rotating the plurality of blades 1b, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the massive dehydrated cake 9 is shredded and made fine. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the rotors 1A and 1B are arranged so as to face the upper part of the mixer 1, and the rotation direction of the rotors 1A and 1B is to take in the dehydrated cake put into the gap between the rotors 1A and 1B. The rotation directions of each other are set in reverse. Then, by the rotor 1C installed below the rotors 1A and 1B, the dehydrated cake shredded by the rotors 1A and 1B and then finely divided and mixed with the solidified material is further shredded and finely divided to obtain the solidified material. The dehydrated cake and the solidified material can be uniformly mixed, and the processing speed is fast, so that a large amount of dehydrated cake can be refined.
[0014]
As described above, the dehydrated cake once refined while being mixed with the solidified material in the mixer 1 is charged again into the mixer 1 from the hopper 8 via the conveying line 10 and is then refined again. Process. As described later, a relatively small granule is obtained by performing the refining process again in this manner, and this is supplied to the fertilizer mixer 11 and mixed with the fertilizer to vegetate from the fertilizer mixer 11. A vegetation base material 12 most suitable for growing a plant to be obtained is obtained. Next, the vegetation base material 12 made of a dehydrated cake mixed with fertilizer may be transported as it is by a truck or the like and spread on a landscaping site or the like, and plants may be vegetated on the vegetation base in the landscaping obtained as a result. Alternatively, the vegetation base 15 may be formed by supplying the vegetation base 12 to the pressure blowing device 13 shown in FIG. The pressure blowing device 13 is configured to remove air from the air inlet 16, the vegetation base material 12 introduced from the introduction pipe 17, and the hydrophobic agent 19 introduced from the introduction pipe 18 from the outlet 20 at a relatively high speed. The hydrophobic agent 19 fulfills the function of aggregating the vegetation base material blown from the blower outlet 20. The vegetation base material 12 made of a mixture of granulated dehydrated cake and fertilizer introduced into the introduction pipe 17 is supplied to the introduction pipe 17 as a muddy material by adding appropriate water and blown out together with air. Is done.
Alternatively, the dehydrated cake that has been subjected to the refining treatment again may be pressure-fed and sprayed using a normal spray plant device (not shown) to form the vegetation base 15 in the vegetation site 14.
[0015]
A vegetation base 15 can be formed based on spraying the surface of the vegetation site 14 with a substantially uniform thickness using such a pressure-feeding spraying device 13, and a predetermined plant is applied to the vegetation base 15. Can be planted.
Examples of the vegetation site 14 include cuts and embankment slopes generated by collapsing slope development, etc., dry sand dunes, or soft rocks and clayey soils with little rock or soil. An artificial part such as an inclined part of a structure such as a building may be used. In short, any part may be used as long as it is a part to be greened. FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the case where the granulated material obtained by granulating with the atomization apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is sieved. In FIG. 4, the characteristic curve 21 shows the dehydrated cake and the solidified material. The characteristic curve 22 shows the characteristic when the fine granulation process is performed only once (the first time) while mixing into the mixer 1 while finely pulverizing, and the characteristic curve 22 is first refined using the transport line 10. This shows the characteristics when the dehydrated cake is again refined by the mixer 1. In these characteristic curves 21 and 22, it is preferable that the particle size of the dehydrated cake that can be used for the pressure spraying device 13 is small enough to pass through a mesh having a nominal size of about 20 mm or less. A small granular material can be obtained only about 50% at maximum in the characteristic curve 21 (only once finely pulverized), but the characteristic curve 22 (2 times finely divided) has a sieve nominal size of about 20 mm and more than 90%. Since it can be understood that it passes through a sieve, it is possible to obtain a vegetation base material 12 containing small granular particles that can be used in the pressure spraying device 13 by performing the granulation process twice. Recognize.
[0016]
Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a vegetation base material, a vegetation base, and a method for manufacturing the vegetation base material according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and the same components as those in FIG. In the second embodiment, the dehydrated cake stored in the hopper 8 is cured for one day, for example, and then supplied to the paddle mixer 24 via the transport line 23, and the dehydrated cake is rotated based on the rotation of the paddle 25 of the paddle mixer 24. The dehydrated cake is granulated again by lifting it up from below and lifting it up in a certain direction. In the present example, the fine graining by the paddle mixer 24 is referred to as granulating.
FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams schematically showing the paddle mixer 24. The paddle 25 is composed of two parallel shafts 27 and 28 provided in the longitudinal direction of the flange portion 26 of the paddle mixer 24. FIG. A plurality of arm portions 29 projecting from the outer periphery by 90 degrees in the circumferential direction with a certain interval are attached to the arms 29 at a predetermined angle (for example, 45 degrees). As the shafts 27 and 28 rotate, the plurality of paddles 25 rotate, and the dehydrated cake is finely sized by unraveling while feeding the dehydrated cake put into the flange portion 26 of the paddle mixer 24 downstream. The parallel shafts 27 and 28 rotate in directions opposite to each other so that the dewatered cake that has been introduced is carried between the shafts 27 and 28.
In this way, the vegetation base material 12 that has been subjected to the particle size regulation by the paddle mixer 24 is supplied to the pressure spraying device 13 described in FIG. 3 and sprayed onto the vegetation site 14 to form the vegetation base 15. . In this case, when this de-granulated dehydrated cake was sieved, the characteristic curve 23 of FIG. 4 was selected. As can be understood from the characteristic curve 23, since a sieve having a nominal size of about 20 mm and approximately 90% or more passes through the sieve, it can be applied to the pressure blowing device 13.
[0017]
Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the third embodiment, and the same components as those in FIG. In this case, a device 30 for carrying out the fine graining process, which is provided with the same rotor 1A, 1B, 1C as that of the mixer 1, is provided separately from the side of the mixer 1 charged into the hopper 8. The dehydrated cake is cured once and then charged again to make it fine. That is, the point different from FIG. 1 is that a device 30 for finely pulverizing is separately provided and the dehydrated cake is pulverized again by chopping. Thus, even if it refines twice using another apparatus 30, the same preferable result as the case of FIG. 1 is obtained.
[0018]
In the present invention, it has been described that the most preferable size of the sieve size for the pressure blowing device 13 is 20 mm at maximum, but this maximum value is the processing speed of the pressure blowing device 13 and the diameter of the outlet 20. Of course, it varies depending on the size of the.
[0019]
In addition, it has been described that the fertilizer is mixed with the dehydrated cake by separately providing the fertilizer mixer 11, but the fertilizer is added to the mixer 1 so that the fertilizer is mixed with the dehydrated cake. Alternatively, a liquid containing fertilizer may be supplied to the pressure spraying device 13 and mixed with the dehydrated cake by the pressure spraying device 13.
[0020]
Further, the dehydrated cake has been described as being subjected to a granulation process such as two times of granulation or sizing, but the granulation process may be performed three or more times.
Further, the granulation treatment such as fine granulation or sizing is not limited to the treatment using a mixer or a paddle mixer, and it goes without saying that the granulation may be carried out using another apparatus.
[0021]
Further, it has been found that the re-granulation process performed after the first granulation process is preferably performed after the dehydrated cake subjected to the first granulation process is once cured for a certain period of time. This curing time is set in consideration of the size of the granular material contained in the vegetation base material obtained by granulation.
[0022]
In addition, the fertilizer to be mixed with the dehydrated cake can be, for example, bark compost, etc., but various fertilizers can be considered according to the type of plant to be vegetated, and also determine the result of growth by vegetation in the mixing ratio, What is necessary is just to set to the optimal value.
In this case, peat moss may be used instead of bark compost, and the amount of replacement is calculated by detecting the organic matter concentration in the vegetation base material 12.
Moreover, about the quantity of solidification materials, such as cement supplied to the mixer 1 with a dewatering cake, and the quantity of water, the magnitude | size of soil hardness and the bearing strength intensity of the vegetation base 15 itself formed by spraying are calculated. Of course, it is set by
Of course, the vegetation base material 12 may be mixed with components such as earth and sand in addition to the dehydrated cake and the solidified material.
[0023]
Cement and lime as a solidifying material to be added to the dehydrated cake may be crushed and mixed one to one by weight, but the weight ratio also takes into account the plant to be vegetated or the hardness of the vegetation base. Are set to various values.
Further, although the first granulation process is described as being performed by the mixer 1, this process may be performed by the paddle mixer 24.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the dewatered cake and the solidified material are put into a mixer having a rotor formed by attaching a plurality of flat plate-shaped cutting plates to the rotating shaft thereof, and the dewatered cake is fed by the cutting plate. while subdividing chopped and mixed with the solidifying material treated comminuted again fining after the granules of fine phased dehydrated cake while mixing with solidifying material in the above mixer was cured a predetermined time Since the vegetation base material was formed by mixing the fertilizer with the granular material obtained by processing, by depositing this vegetation base material in a layered manner on various vegetation sites such as a place to landscaping, It is possible to plant and grow plants here, and it is not necessary to secure a land for embedding dehydrated cake as before, which is advantageous in terms of cost, and the vegetation base material is granular, so it is transported And it is also advantageous in terms of handling.
[0025]
According to the invention of claim 2, the dehydrated cake and the solidified material such as cement are put into a mixer having a rotor in which a plurality of flat cut plates are attached to the rotating shaft, and the dehydrated cake is added to the above-mentioned dehydrated cake. while finely divided by chopping the cutting plate treated comminuted and mixed with the solidifying material, again granulate of granules phased dehydrated cake while mixing with solidifying material in the above mixer after a predetermined time curing Since the vegetation base was formed by mixing the granular fertilizer obtained by the fine graining treatment and pressurizing and spraying this to the vegetation site, the vegetation base was formed on the inclined part of the bedrock by the above spraying Can be easily formed.
[0026]
According to the invention of claim 3, the dehydrated cake is put into a solidifying material, and the dehydrated cake is put into the mixer with a rotor formed by attaching a plurality of flat plate-shaped cutting plates to the rotating shaft. while subdividing chopped and mixed with the solidifying material treated comminuted again fining after the granules of fine phased dehydrated cake while mixing with solidifying material in the above mixer was cured a predetermined time Since the fertilizer is mixed with the granular material obtained by the treatment to produce a vegetation base material capable of growing plants, vegetation that is easy to transport and handle and that can be used in a pressure spraying device A base material can be obtained.
[0028]
According to the invention of claim 4, grain refining process in again, the process of grain refinement by simple equipment since the granules of the grain refining has been dehydrated cake was re-introduced into the mixer It can be performed.
[0029]
According to the invention of claim 5, grain refining process in again, so was to perform granules of the grain refining has been dehydrated cake was passed through a paddle mixer, more small particle diameter granules Can be obtained vegetation base material containing.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a simplified configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a simplified configuration diagram showing a main part of one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of a pressure blowing apparatus used in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram for explaining the size of a granular material contained in a vegetation base material according to one embodiment and another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a simplified configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an outline of a paddle mixer used in another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mixer, 2 Dehydrated cake supply apparatus, 3 Solidification material supply apparatus, 8 Hoppers, 10, 23 Conveyance line, 11 Fertilizer mixing machine, 12 Vegetation base material, 13 Pressure feeding apparatus, 14 Vegetation site, 15 Vegetation base, 24 Paddle mixer.

Claims (5)

The dehydrated cake formed by dehydrating the turbid water generated by the washing water of the aggregate and the solidified material are put into a mixer equipped with a rotor having a plurality of plate-shaped cutting plates attached to its rotating shaft. , the dehydrated cake was mixed with the solidifying material with finely divided by chopping in the cutting plate treated comminuted, granular material of fine phased dehydrated cake while mixing with solidifying material in the above mixer A vegetation base material obtained by mixing a fertilizer with a granule obtained by curing for a predetermined time and then re-sizing. The dehydrated cake formed by dehydrating the turbid water generated by the washing water of the aggregate and the solidified material are put into a mixer equipped with a rotor having a plurality of plate-shaped cutting plates attached to its rotating shaft. , the dehydrated cake was mixed with the solidifying material with finely divided by chopping in the cutting plate treated comminuted, granular material of fine phased dehydrated cake while mixing with solidifying material in the above mixer A vegetation base characterized by being formed by mixing granular fertilizers obtained by refining after a predetermined period of curing and pressure-spraying the vegetation site. The dehydrated cake formed by dehydrating the turbid water generated by the washing water of the aggregate and the solidified material are put into a mixer equipped with a rotor having a plurality of plate-shaped cutting plates attached to its rotating shaft. , the dehydrated cake was mixed with the solidifying material with finely divided by chopping in the cutting plate treated comminuted, granular material of fine phased dehydrated cake while mixing with solidifying material in the above mixer A method for producing a vegetation base material, characterized in that fertilizer is mixed with granules obtained by refining again after curing for a predetermined time to produce a vegetation base material capable of growing plants. .   4. The method for producing a vegetation base material according to claim 3, wherein the refining treatment is performed again by feeding the finely divided dehydrated cake granules into the mixer.   4. The method for producing a vegetation base material according to claim 3, wherein the re-granulation treatment is performed by passing the granulated particles of the dehydrated cake through a paddle mixer for size regulation. .

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