JP2000233195A - Filter medium for treating water - Google Patents
Filter medium for treating waterInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000233195A JP2000233195A JP11034745A JP3474599A JP2000233195A JP 2000233195 A JP2000233195 A JP 2000233195A JP 11034745 A JP11034745 A JP 11034745A JP 3474599 A JP3474599 A JP 3474599A JP 2000233195 A JP2000233195 A JP 2000233195A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water treatment
- filter medium
- charcoal
- grain
- waste
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、水処理に用いられ
るろ材に関し、特に脱燐、脱窒処理に好適で、その浄化
機能を自由に制御できる水処理用ろ材に関するものであ
る。The present invention relates to a filter medium used for water treatment, and more particularly to a filter medium for water treatment which is suitable for dephosphorization and denitrification and whose purification function can be freely controlled.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】生活雑排水、工場排水等により汚染され
た河川を浄化するために行われる水処理は、汚濁物質を
濾過により除去したり、微生物により有機汚染物質を分
解除去することで行われている。このような水処理に用
いられるろ材としては、木質材を熱変換（炭化）して得
られる木炭等のろ材やプラスチックを加工した人工ろ材
等、様々なものがあり、それぞれの濾過特性を含む浄化
機能を考慮して選択使用されているものである。2. Description of the Related Art Water treatment for purifying rivers contaminated by household wastewater, industrial wastewater, etc. is performed by removing pollutants by filtration or decomposing and removing organic pollutants by microorganisms. ing. There are various types of filter media used for such water treatment, such as filter media such as charcoal obtained by thermally converting (carbonizing) wood materials and artificial filter media obtained by processing plastics. It is selected and used in consideration of its function.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、これら
水処理用ろ材は、処理対象水中の浮遊粒子を濾過し、ろ
材内に住みつく微生物を利用して有機汚染物質を分解し
脱窒することが主な機能であり、処理対象中の燐を除去
する機能は有してないものである。また、ＢＯＤが低く
含有窒素が多い処理対象水においては、従来の水処理用
ろ材のみでは微生物による脱窒が行えない場合がある。However, these filter media for water treatment mainly filter suspended particles in the water to be treated and decompose and denitrify organic pollutants using microorganisms living in the filter media. This is a function and does not have a function of removing phosphorus from the object to be treated. In addition, in the water to be treated having a low BOD and containing a large amount of nitrogen, there is a case where denitrification by microorganisms cannot be performed only with a conventional filter material for water treatment.
【０００４】このように、従来の水処理用ろ材は、処理
対象水の汚染状況によっては水処理用ろ材のみで十分に
処理できない場合が生じていた。そのため、処理対象水
の様々な汚染状況にあわせて、濾過特性を含む浄化機能
を容易に選択制御して使用できる水処理用ろ材が強く求
められている現状である。[0004] As described above, the conventional water treatment filter media may not be sufficiently treated only with the water treatment filter media depending on the state of contamination of the water to be treated. Therefore, at present, there is a strong demand for a water treatment filter medium that can easily select and control a purification function including a filtration characteristic in accordance with various pollution conditions of the water to be treated.
【０００５】そこで、本発明は、浮遊粒子の濾過特性、
脱窒及び脱燐作用についての浄化機能を容易に選択制御
することが可能な水処理用ろ材を提供せんとするもので
ある。[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a filtration property of suspended particles,
An object of the present invention is to provide a water treatment filter medium capable of easily selectively controlling a purification function for denitrification and dephosphorization.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の課題を解決するた
めに、本発明では、炭素材と穀物廃材と固化材とからな
る水処理用ろ材とした。本発明における炭素材とは、多
孔質体で、微生物と親和性のある炭素分多い素材をい
い、例えば、微生物が住みつきやすいマクロ孔（μｍオ
ーダーの孔径）と処理対象水中の浮遊粒子等の分子吸着
に寄与するミクロ孔（ｎｍオーダーの孔径）とを有する
多孔質体の木炭、活性炭等をいうものである。そして、
本発明における穀物廃材とは、種実収穫する目的の作物
を食品へ加工処理する際に発生する廃棄物をいい、例え
ば、籾殻、麦殻のような穀物外皮や、米糠、麦糠、大豆
かすのような食品加工段階で生じる粉末状の廃棄物等を
いうものである。更に本発明での固化材とは、炭素材と
穀物廃材とを混合して所定形状に固形化できるような素
材をいい、例えば、セメント、アルギン酸、寒天、こん
にゃく、ＣＭＣ（カルボキシルメチルセルロース）等を
いうものである。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, a filter material for water treatment comprising a carbon material, a grain waste material and a solidified material is provided. The carbon material in the present invention is a porous material that is rich in carbon and has an affinity for microorganisms. For example, macropores (pore size on the order of μm) where microorganisms can easily live and molecules such as suspended particles in water to be treated are included. It refers to porous charcoal, activated carbon, and the like having micropores (pore size on the order of nm) that contribute to adsorption. And
The grain waste material in the present invention refers to waste generated when processing crops for the purpose of harvesting seeds and seeds into food, for example, rice husks, hulls such as husk, rice bran, wheat bran, and soybean meal. It refers to powdery waste generated in such a food processing stage. Further, the solidified material in the present invention refers to a material capable of mixing a carbon material and a grain waste material and solidifying it into a predetermined shape, for example, cement, alginic acid, agar, konjac, CMC (carboxymethylcellulose) and the like. Things.
【０００７】本発明における炭素材、穀物廃材、固化材
からなる水処理用ろ材は、次のような機能を有する。ま
ず、吸着機能を有し、微生物との親和性を有している炭
素材が混合されているので、従来の水処理用ろ材として
用いられている木炭等と同様な機能を有する。例えば、
炭素材として木炭を使用すると、ミクロ孔により浮遊粒
子の吸着除去が可能となり、また、マクロ孔に住みつく
微生物によって有機汚染物質を分解し脱窒することがで
きる。[0007] The water treatment filter medium comprising carbon material, grain waste material, and solidified material in the present invention has the following functions. First, since a carbon material having an adsorption function and having an affinity for microorganisms is mixed, it has the same function as charcoal used as a conventional filter material for water treatment. For example,
When charcoal is used as a carbon material, suspended particles can be adsorbed and removed by micropores, and organic pollutants can be decomposed and denitrified by microorganisms living in macropores.
【０００８】そして、穀物廃材として籾殻、麦殻、籾殻
燻炭、麦殻燻炭等の珪酸塩を含むものを混合すると、脱
燐機能を付与することが可能となる。穀物廃材としての
籾殻、麦殻等には有機態の珪酸塩が、籾殻燻炭、麦殻燻
炭にはクリストバライトと呼ばれる珪酸が含まれている
ことが知られている。このような穀物廃材は、炭素材と
同様に微生物との親和性に優れ、しかも、珪酸が溶質す
ることで処理対象水中の燐酸と化合物を生成し、燐酸を
除去する機能を示す。従って、珪酸が含まれている穀物
廃材を炭素材と混合して水処理用ろ材とする場合には、
浮遊粒子の濾過、微生物による脱窒作用、珪酸による脱
燐作用という３つの浄化機能を備えた水処理用ろ材とな
るのである。[0008] By mixing a waste material containing silicates such as rice husk, husk, rice husk charcoal, and rice husk charcoal, it is possible to impart a dephosphorizing function. It is known that rice hulls, wheat hulls, and the like as cereal waste materials contain organic silicates, and rice husk charcoal and wheat husk charcoal contain silicic acid called cristobalite. Such cereal waste material has an excellent affinity for microorganisms as well as carbon material, and has a function of removing phosphoric acid by generating phosphoric acid and a compound in water to be treated by dissolving silicic acid. Therefore, when mixing grain waste material containing silicic acid with carbon material to make a filter material for water treatment,
The filter material for water treatment has three purifying functions: filtration of suspended particles, denitrification by microorganisms, and dephosphorization by silica.
【０００９】また、穀物廃材として、米糠、麦糠、大豆
かす等を混合する場合には、ＢＯＤが低く含有窒素が多
い処理対象水でも、微生物による脱窒作用を維持させる
ことが可能となる。微生物による脱窒は、微生物が有機
物質を分解する際に、処理対象水中の含有窒素を消費す
ることによって行われるものであるが、有機汚染物質が
少ない、即ち、ＢＯＤが低い処理対象水では、微生物に
よる脱窒作用は促進されない。そのため、水処理用ろ材
中に有機物質を混合しておけば、ＢＯＤの低い処理対象
水であっても、有効に微生物による脱窒作用を維持する
ことが可能となる。[0009] When rice bran, wheat bran, soybean meal, or the like is mixed as cereal waste material, it is possible to maintain the denitrifying action of microorganisms even in the water to be treated having a low BOD and containing a large amount of nitrogen. The denitrification by microorganisms is performed by consuming the nitrogen contained in the water to be treated when the microorganisms decompose the organic substance.However, the amount of organic pollutants is small, that is, in the water to be treated having a low BOD, Microbial denitrification is not promoted. Therefore, if an organic substance is mixed in the filter material for water treatment, it is possible to effectively maintain the denitrification action of the microorganism even in the water to be treated having a low BOD.
【００１０】更に、本発明では、炭素材、穀物廃材を混
合したものに固形材を加えて成形するようにしているの
で、水処理用ろ材の形状を使用態様に合わせて自由に成
形することが可能となる。ろ材自体の通気性、通水性を
向上させる場合には、例えば中空管状に成形すればよ
く、処理対象水との接触面積を大きくする場合には、例
えば球状に成形すればよい。また、水処理規模に応じて
ろ材の大きさも自由に選択して成形することが可能とな
る。Further, in the present invention, since the solid material is added to the mixture of the carbon material and the grain waste material and the mixture is formed, the shape of the water treatment filter can be freely formed according to the use mode. It becomes possible. In order to improve the air permeability and water permeability of the filter medium itself, it may be formed into, for example, a hollow tube. To increase the contact area with the water to be treated, it may be formed into, for example, a spherical shape. In addition, the size of the filter medium can be freely selected according to the scale of the water treatment and can be formed.
【００１１】以上説明したように、本発明における水処
理用ろ材は、炭素材と混合する穀物廃材の種類によっ
て、ろ材自体の浄化機能を容易に制御できるものであ
る。そして、炭素材と穀物廃材との混合比率を変えるこ
とによって、重視する浄化機能を選択することが可能な
ので、処理対象水の汚染状況に最も適合した水処理用ろ
材を提供することができる。As described above, the filter medium for water treatment in the present invention can easily control the purification function of the filter medium itself depending on the type of grain waste mixed with the carbon material. Then, by changing the mixing ratio of the carbon material and the grain waste material, it is possible to select a purification function to be emphasized, so that it is possible to provide a water treatment filter material most suitable for the state of contamination of the water to be treated.
【００１２】本発明において脱燐作用を重視した水処理
用ろ材とする場合には、炭素材として木炭を使用し、穀
物廃材としては、籾殻、麦殻、籾殻燻炭、麦殻燻炭のい
ずれか１つ以上を含むものが好ましい。籾殻、麦殻、籾
殻燻炭、麦殻燻炭は、脱燐機能に寄与する珪酸を多量に
有しているからである。また、このような材料で水処理
用ろ材を構成すると、材料自体が自然物を利用したもの
であるため自然環境的にも好適なものとなり、資源の有
効活用となるからである。[0012] In the present invention, when a filter medium for water treatment that emphasizes dephosphorization is used, charcoal is used as a carbon material, and cereal waste is any of rice husk, husk, rice husk charcoal, and husk charcoal. Those containing one or more are preferred. This is because rice husk, husk, rice husk charcoal, and rice husk charcoal have a large amount of silicic acid that contributes to the dephosphorization function. In addition, if a water treatment filter medium is composed of such a material, since the material itself is a natural substance, it is also suitable for the natural environment, and resources are effectively used.
【００１３】また、ＢＯＤが低く、含有窒素が多い処理
対象水に使用することを重視した水処理用ろ材とする場
合には、炭素材、穀物廃材に加えて竹材を混合させたて
ものが好ましい。竹材を構成する有機物質は、微生物の
分解に有効に利用される性質があるため、微生物による
脱窒をより促進させるができる。さらに、ＢＯＤが低
く、含有窒素が多い処理対象水に使用することに最も適
した水処理用ろ材とする場合には、炭素材として木炭を
使用し、穀物廃材として米糠、麦糠、大豆かすのいずれ
か１つ以上を含むものとし、これらに竹材を混合させた
ものが好ましい。米糠、麦糠、大豆かすも、竹材と同
様、ＢＯＤを高める材料として好適で、微生物との親和
性も優れているからである。また、このような材料によ
り水処理用ろ材を構成すると、上記する脱燐作用を重視
した水処理用ろ材と同様に、自然環境的に好適なものと
なり、資源の有効活用となるからである。When a filter material for water treatment is to be used with emphasis on use in water to be treated having a low BOD and containing a large amount of nitrogen, it is preferable to mix bamboo material in addition to carbon material and grain waste material. . Since the organic substance constituting the bamboo material has a property of being effectively used for decomposing microorganisms, denitrification by microorganisms can be further promoted. Furthermore, in order to use a filter medium for water treatment most suitable for use in water to be treated having a low BOD and a high content of nitrogen, charcoal is used as a carbon material, and rice bran, wheat bran, soybean meal is used as a grain waste material. It is preferable to include at least one of them, and to mix them with bamboo. This is because rice bran, wheat bran, and soybean cake are also suitable as BOD-enhancing materials and have excellent affinity with microorganisms, like bamboo. In addition, when the water treatment filter medium is made of such a material, it is suitable for the natural environment and the resources are effectively used, similarly to the water treatment filter medium in which the dephosphorization action is emphasized.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の水処理用ろ材につ
いて最適と思われる発明の実施形態について説明する。
まず、脱燐作用を有する水処理用ろ材として、本発明を
実施するのに好ましい形態では、木炭、籾殻又は籾殻燻
炭、セメントを原料に用いる。具体的には、針葉樹木炭
を５００〜１０００℃で約１〜５時間、再度熱変換処理
した木炭であって約５〜１００ｍｍ径程度に破砕したも
のと籾殻又は籾殻燻炭とを混合する。その混合比は、処
理対象水の燐濃度を考慮して決定でき、通常は１：１の
重量比で混合すればよい。固化材としてのセメントは、
例えば、ポルトランドセメントを用い、木炭と籾殻又は
籾殻燻炭と混合したものに対し１０ｗｔ％程度混入する
ことで水処理用ろ材を固形化する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention which is considered to be optimal for the water treatment filter of the present invention will be described.
First, as a water treatment filter medium having a dephosphorizing action, in a preferred embodiment for carrying out the present invention, charcoal, rice husk or rice husk charcoal, and cement are used as raw materials. Specifically, the charcoal obtained by heat-converting coniferous charcoal at 500 to 1000 ° C. for about 1 to 5 hours and then crushed to a diameter of about 5 to 100 mm is mixed with chaff or chaff charcoal. The mixing ratio can be determined in consideration of the phosphorus concentration of the water to be treated, and usually, the mixing may be performed at a weight ratio of 1: 1. Cement as a solidifying material is
For example, portland cement is used to solidify the water treatment filter medium by mixing about 10 wt% of the mixture of charcoal and chaff or chaff smoke.
【００１５】次に、ＢＯＤが低く含有窒素が多い処理対
象水に好適な水処理用ろ材として、本発明を実施するの
に好ましい形態では、木炭、米糠、竹、寒天を原料に用
いる。具体的には、針葉樹木炭を５００〜１０００℃で
約１〜５時間、再度熱変換処理した木炭であって約５〜
１００ｍｍ径程度に破砕したものと、米糠と、竹を紛状
にしたものとを混合する。その混合比は、処理対象水の
ＢＯＤ濃度、窒素濃度を考慮して決定でき、ＢＯＤ濃度
が極端に低い場合には竹粉量を多めにして混合すればよ
い。そして、固化材としての寒天を適量の水と供に加え
て水処理用ろ材として固形化する。Next, in a preferred embodiment for carrying out the present invention, charcoal, rice bran, bamboo, and agar are used as raw materials as a water treatment filter medium having a low BOD and containing a large amount of nitrogen. Specifically, it is a charcoal obtained by subjecting coniferous charcoal to heat conversion treatment again at 500 to 1000 ° C. for about 1 to 5 hours,
Crushed to a diameter of about 100 mm, rice bran, and powdered bamboo are mixed. The mixing ratio can be determined in consideration of the BOD concentration and the nitrogen concentration of the water to be treated. When the BOD concentration is extremely low, the amount of bamboo powder may be increased to mix. Then, agar as a solidifying material is added to an appropriate amount of water and solidified as a filter material for water treatment.
【００１６】上述する本実施形態での水処理用ろ材の形
状は、水処理方法に対応して自由に決定することができ
る。例えば、通水性、通気性を重視する場合では、好ま
しくは中空管状の形状にすればよく、中空管状に成形し
た水処理用ろ材をロープ等に複数個通して、ロープ状の
水処理用ろ材として使用すれば、水処理槽への充填率を
比較的容易に制御することもできる。また、処理対象水
との接触面積を重視する場合には、好ましくは球状に形
成して用いればよい。The shape of the filter medium for water treatment in this embodiment described above can be freely determined according to the water treatment method. For example, in the case of emphasizing water permeability and air permeability, it is preferable to make the filter into a hollow tubular shape, and pass a plurality of hollow tubular water treatment filter media through a rope or the like to obtain a rope-like water treatment filter media. If used, the filling rate of the water treatment tank can be controlled relatively easily. When importance is attached to the area of contact with the water to be treated, it is preferable to use a spherical shape.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の効果】本発明によると、汚染状況に応じて、浮
遊粒子の濾過特性、脱窒及び脱燐作用の浄化機能を容易
に選択制御して水処理用ろ材を提供することが可能とな
り、汚染状況に合わせた効率的な水処理が可能となる。According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a filter material for water treatment by easily selecting and controlling the filtration characteristics of suspended particles and the purifying function of denitrification and dephosphorization according to the contamination status. Efficient water treatment according to the pollution situation becomes possible.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 永森 新五郎 高知県南国市緑ヶ丘２丁目1612番地 (72)発明者 永森 佳子 高知県南国市緑ヶ丘２丁目1612番地 Ｆターム(参考） 4D003 AA01 AA17 EA01 EA09 EA14 EA15 EA19 EA21 EA22 EA25 FA10 4D019 AA03 BA01 BA03 BA12 BA16 BB12 BB14 BC05 BC08 4D024 AA04 AB00 BA03 BB01 BB05 BC01 DB03 DB16 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Shingoro Nagamori 2-1612 Midorigaoka, Nankoku City, Kochi Prefecture (72) Yoshiko Nagamori 2-1612 Midorigaoka, Nankoku City, Kochi F-term (reference) 4D003 AA01 AA17 EA01 EA09 EA14 EA15 EA19 EA21 EA22 EA25 FA10 4D019 AA03 BA01 BA03 BA12 BA16 BB12 BB14 BC05 BC08 4D024 AA04 AB00 BA03 BB01 BB05 BC01 DB03 DB16
Claims (4)
処理用ろ材。1. A water treatment filter medium comprising a carbon material, a grain waste material and a solidified material.
麦殻、籾殻燻炭、麦殻燻炭のいずれか１つ以上を含むも
のである請求項１に記載の水処理用ろ材。2. The carbon material is charcoal, the grain waste material is rice husk,
The water treatment filter medium according to claim 1, wherein the filter medium comprises at least one of wheat husk, rice husk charcoal, and wheat husk charcoal.
含有させてなる水処理用ろ材。3. A water treatment filter medium comprising the water treatment filter medium according to claim 1 and a bamboo material.
麦糠、大豆かすのいずれか１つ以上含むものである請求
項３に記載の水処理用ろ材。4. The carbon material is charcoal, the grain waste material is rice bran,
The filter medium for water treatment according to claim 3, which comprises at least one of wheat bran and soybean meal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11034745A JP2000233195A (en) | 1999-02-12 | 1999-02-12 | Filter medium for treating water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11034745A JP2000233195A (en) | 1999-02-12 | 1999-02-12 | Filter medium for treating water |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000233195A true JP2000233195A (en) | 2000-08-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11034745A Pending JP2000233195A (en) | 1999-02-12 | 1999-02-12 | Filter medium for treating water |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP2000233195A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002205092A (en) * | 2001-01-15 | 2002-07-23 | Ryoichi Tsumoto | Plantation for water cleaning |
| JP2008246460A (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-16 | Miyazaki Prefecture | Denitrification material and denitrification method for soil or wastewater using the same |
| JP2009095738A (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2009-05-07 | Aoyama Eco System:Kk | Molding for water purification and manufacturing method of the same |
| JP2010158647A (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2010-07-22 | Tohzai Chemical Industry Co Ltd | Apparatus for treating organic wastewater |
| CN110776090A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-11 | 苏州方舟环境发展有限公司 | Nitrogen and phosphorus removal filter material |
| CN112500111A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-03-16 | 潍坊学院 | Method for preparing phosphorus-removing biological filter material by using autoclaved aerated concrete block waste |
-
1999
- 1999-02-12 JP JP11034745A patent/JP2000233195A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002205092A (en) * | 2001-01-15 | 2002-07-23 | Ryoichi Tsumoto | Plantation for water cleaning |
| JP2008246460A (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-16 | Miyazaki Prefecture | Denitrification material and denitrification method for soil or wastewater using the same |
| JP2009095738A (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2009-05-07 | Aoyama Eco System:Kk | Molding for water purification and manufacturing method of the same |
| JP2010158647A (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2010-07-22 | Tohzai Chemical Industry Co Ltd | Apparatus for treating organic wastewater |
| CN110776090A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-11 | 苏州方舟环境发展有限公司 | Nitrogen and phosphorus removal filter material |
| CN112500111A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-03-16 | 潍坊学院 | Method for preparing phosphorus-removing biological filter material by using autoclaved aerated concrete block waste |
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