JP2000233164A - Garbage treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To utilize a treated material as a livestock fodder of high added value by providing a garbage shredder and a drying device and an air circulating device for introducing hot air into the garbage shredder and the drying device, absorbing the humidified hot air therein, dehumidifying a water content and cooling the same, heating the same again and feeding the air into the drying device. SOLUTION: Garbage is introduced into a shredder 1 and if necessary, pushed therein by a pushing-in body 15. A rotating shaft is rotated to shred the garbage, and the shredded garbage is dropped into a drum 9 of a drying device 2. Also in the state of lifting the shredder 1 by upper and lower levers 35, the drum 9 is rotated and a heater 65 and a dehumidifying and cooling mechanism 69 are actuated. Then air circulated in a closed circuit is heated by the heater 65 and brought into contact with the garbage, and a water content in the garbage is dehumidified and brought into contact with an evaporator 66, cooled and dehumidified. Then the dehumidified and cooled air is heated again by the heater 65 and transferred to the drum 9, and the drum 9 is stopped when the water content of the garbage is set at the given value.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage disposal apparatus that can cut and dry garbage and use the dried garbage as feed for livestock.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, devices for mechanically treating garbage from kitchens and kitchens without the aid of biological treatment have been developed to quickly dispose of garbage from kitchens and kitchens. That is, it is a method in which the garbage is shredded or shredded, and the moisture in the garbage is removed and dried. In this case, the moisture in the garbage is removed by bringing heated air into contact with the garbage to absorb moisture.

However, in the conventional method, since the heated air that has absorbed moisture is released to the outside of the apparatus as it is, high-temperature air is discharged and the smell of garbage is also discharged, thereby harming the environment. Some of them have a deodorizer attached to the exhaust port (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-305959), but if the deodorizing material (catalyst) is deteriorated, the effect is reduced.
For this reason, there is a method in which heated air is circulated in the apparatus, and during this time, cooling and dehumidification are performed, and at the same time, deodorization is also performed (JP-A-5-237345).

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned prior art, in addition to heating the inhaled outside air and bringing it into contact with garbage to absorb moisture in the garbage and deodorizing the absorbed air, It dehumidifies and cools and discharges it outside, and does not endlessly circulate heated air in a closed cycle. Therefore, the problem of odor still occurs. In addition, since this device is intended for processing garbage discharged at home, its processing capacity is low.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and circulates heated air endlessly so that it does not go out to the outside to eliminate any problem such as bad smell.
The drying process can be performed in a short time by dehumidifying and cooling the heated air that has absorbed the moisture using an air circulation device.

[0006] In addition, most of the conventional apparatuses of this type do not consider recycling of the processed material after drying. In many cases, incineration is used as a secondary treatment. However, doing so requires extra work, and the treatment of smoke and ash becomes a problem. In rare cases, some compost can be used as compost, but at present compost is oversupplied and its market price is low. In addition, there are few environments that require compost for self-consumption.

According to the present invention, the processed product can be used as feed for livestock with higher added value. However, this requires that the raw garbage used as the raw material has a high nutritional value, and that it must be processed in a short time so that the processing does not cause spoilage, and that the processed material is sufficiently dried. Must be something. The present invention treats unsold food (hereinafter also referred to as garbage) of cooked foods mainly sold in supermarkets and convenience stores, so that high-nutrition foods are used as raw materials, and the amount of the foods is reduced to some extent. However, it can be sufficiently dried in a short time so that it can be reused as feed.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a shredding device for shredding garbage input, and a drying device for receiving and drying garbage shredded by the shredding device. When,
The heated air is sent to the drying device to absorb the moisture in the garbage and dry the garbage, while the heated air that has been absorbed is sucked in to dehumidify the water contained therein, cooled, and heated again to the drying device. A garbage disposal device characterized by comprising an air circulation device for feeding.

When the garbage is shredded by the shredding device, drying by the drying device is promoted. In addition, when the cycle of heating, absorbing, dehumidifying, and cooling the drying air is repeated, the air does not come out to the outside, so that there is no problem such as offensive odor.

Further, according to the present invention, the above-mentioned shredding device comprises a means in which a cutting blade is attached to a rotating vertical axis and accommodated in a case, and a drying device is provided below the case of the shredding device. Means comprising a drum connected with the lid open, the drum retracting the shredding device upward, and rotating about a horizontal axis with the lid closed;
The air circulation device is configured by a closed circuit covered with a duct including a drying device, a heater is installed above the drying device in the closed circuit, and a refrigerant is evaporated and an evaporator and a compressor are provided below the drying layer. And means for installing the evaporator of a dehumidifying / cooling mechanism constituted by circulating between condensers. By taking these measures, the shredding effect and the drying effect are further promoted. In particular, the dehumidifying and cooling mechanism described above is the same as the air conditioner system, and its effect is high.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a garbage processing apparatus showing an example of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a left side view, FIG. 3 is a right side view,
FIG. 4 is a plan view. This garbage processing apparatus includes a shredding device 1 for shredding garbage, a drying device 2 for receiving and drying the shredded garbage, and air for contacting the garbage. And an air circulation device 3 for heating, dehumidifying, and cooling while circulating air. The shredding device 1, the drying device 2, and the air circulation device 3 are housed in a package-shaped frame 4.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the shredding device 1 and FIG. 7 is a plan view. In this case, the shredding device 1 has a vertical axis (rotational force) forcedly rotated inside a cylindrical case 5. The drying device 2 is connected to the lower part of the case 5 of the shredding device 1 and is rotatable about a horizontal axis (horizontal axis) 8. And a drum 9 provided in the drum. In addition, the air circulation device 3
A closed circuit is formed including the drying device 2, and air in the closed circuit is forcibly heated, dehumidified, cooled, and circulated.

The case 5 of the shredding device 1 has a cylindrical shape in which a peripheral wall 10 is enclosed by an upper wall 11 and a bottom wall 12.
A loading plate 13 into which garbage is loaded is attached above 1. The input plate 13 has a pan shape with an open top, and has an input port 14 communicating with the inside of the peripheral wall 10. A pusher 15 having the same shape as the insertion port 14 is attached to the support column 16 above the insertion port 14 so as to be vertically movable. Further, a wall 17 is provided behind the inlet 13 so that the garbage does not move any more. As a result, the garbage drops into the peripheral wall 10 by dropping the garbage on the loading plate 13 and pushing the garbage toward the inlet 14, but this is ensured by pushing down the pushing body 15.

The rotating shaft 6 is provided vertically in the center of the peripheral wall 10. In this embodiment, bearing units 18 and 19 are mounted on the upper wall 11 and the bottom wall 12, and the rotating shaft 6 is supported by the bearing units. ing. It should be noted that both the upper wall 11 and the bottom wall 12 are provided with bearing units 18 and 19 by some spokes 11a and 12a.
And the rear part is open. Therefore, the bottom wall 1
The area of the opening portion 2 is large, and this forms the garbage discharge port 20 which is chopped as it is.

In this case, the bottom wall 12 extends forward, and a motor 21 is attached to the extension.
Then, the rotary shaft 6 is extended to above the upper wall 11 and the pulley 22 is attached.
And a belt 24 is stretched between them. Thus, the rotating shaft 6 is driven by the motor 21.

A plate-like cutting blade 7 is attached to the rotating shaft 6 in multiple stages (in this example, six stages). In this case,
The collar 25 is dividedly fitted on the rotating shaft 6 and
Maintain the interval between the cutting blades 7. The uppermost cutting blade 7 is fastened with a nut 26 screwed to the rotating shaft 6. Therefore, the cutting blade 7 receives the driving force due to the frictional resistance of the collar 25, and when an excessive load is applied,
It will keep you slipping.

The cutting blades 7 in this embodiment have a shape like a kitchen knife, and two blades are provided at each stage so as to face each other by 180 °. The upper surface of the cutting blade 7 is inclined to form an edge 7a at the front edge. The reason why the edge 7a is formed with a slope on the upper surface is to sprout the garbage upward due to the slope when shredding.
This is for increasing the time until reaching 0 and sufficiently shredding.

In addition, a scraping member 27 for scraping garbage attached to the inner periphery of the peripheral wall 10 is provided inside the peripheral wall 10. The scraping member 27 has a ring-shaped upper body 28 and a lower body 29 fitted into the peripheral wall 10 at the upper part and the lower part, respectively. (Eight at intervals) The scraping blade 30 is formed in a vertical bar shape. The upper body 28 and the lower body 29 are each provided with some spokes 28a, 29a to maintain strength. Then, a part of the scraping member 27 is extended upward, and a scraping lever 31 having a pin 31a linked thereto is provided.

Thus, when the scraping lever 31 is rotated, the garbage adhering to the inner periphery of the peripheral wall 10 is scraped off by the scraping blade 30. When the cutting blade 7 is rotated at a high speed, the garbage containing a large amount of water adheres to the inner surface of the peripheral wall 10, and the adhered matter is completely scraped off by this operation. This operation is performed at an appropriate timing while observing the amount of adhesion to the peripheral wall 10. In order to scrape off the deposits on the entire circumference of the peripheral wall 10, the rotation range of the scraping blade 30 needs to be longer than the interval.

The case 5 and the motor 21 are both the bottom wall 1
The entire shredding device 1 attached to 2 can be moved up and down. FIG. 5 is a side view of the shredding device 1 and the drying device 2 showing this. A link 32 is provided on both sides of the bottom wall 12 so as to extend between the frame 4 and a vertical member from both sides of the bottom wall 12. 33, and a link 34 is also passed between each vertical member 33 and the frame 4 so that both links 3
2, 34 are configured as parallel links. Therefore, by moving the parallel links 32 and 34 up and down, the shredding device 1 can move up and down while maintaining its posture.

Up and down movement of the shredding device 1 is performed by operating an up and down lever 35. That is, the up / down lever 35 is attached to a turning plate 37 that can turn around a horizontal fulcrum shaft 36, and the turning plate 37 and a pivot point on the bottom wall 12 side of one link 32 are linked. It is. That is, a guide hole 38 for raising and lowering the pivot point by turning is formed in the rotary plate 37, and the roller 39 forming the pivot point is fitted into the guide hole 38. As a result, when the vertical lever 35 is rotated, the roller 39 is guided by the guide hole 38 and rises or falls.

The reason why the shredding device 1 is moved up and down is to separate the shredding device 1 from the drying device 2 so that the drying device 2 can be rotated. As described above, the drying device 2 includes a drum 9 connected to a lower portion of the case 5 of the shredding device 1 and rotatably provided about a horizontal shaft 8. However, the drum 9 in this example has a short polymerization allowance. To ensure a secure connection,
It is polygonal (in this example, hexagonal). FIG. 8 shows the drum 9
The drum 9 is a drum 9 in which both ends of a hexagonal peripheral wall 40 are closed and sealed by side walls 41, and a boss 42 is attached to the center of both side walls 41. A hole 43 is formed at the center. Therefore, the center of the boss 42 is the horizontal axis 8 described above.

Both bosses 42 are rotatably supported planetarily by some bearings 44 with respect to the frame 4, and one boss 42 has a sprocket 45.
Is fitted. A motor 46 with a speed reducer is provided below the frame 4, and a chain 48 is attached to the output sprocket 47 (FIG. 1). Therefore, the drum 9 is rotated by the motor 46.

A window-like opening 50 that opens and closes when the lid 49 is opened and closed is formed on one of the left and right sides of one surface of the peripheral wall 40. Specifically, the upper plate 51 is placed above the peripheral wall 41 that forms the opening 50, the lid 49 is accommodated between the peripheral wall 40 and the upper plate 51, and the lid 49 is slid, thereby opening the opening 50.
Is opened or closed. Opening and closing of the lid 49 is performed by a telescopic cylinder 52 such as an electric cylinder. FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the lid 49 and the drum 9. The upper raised piece 53 is formed at the front end of the lid 49 and formed at the tip of a lever 54 pivotally attached to the frame 4 or the like. The crotch portion of the forked piece 55 is sandwiched between the raised pieces 53, and the middle of the lever 54 is linked to the telescopic cylinder 52.

Thus, when the telescopic cylinder 52 is expanded and contracted, the lever 54 also rotates, and the lid 49 opens and closes accordingly. At this time, the bifurcated piece 55 is guided by a guide rod 56 that is bridged in the moving direction (left-right direction) of the lid 49 so that the movement is smooth. Also, a leaf spring 57 is attached to the upper plate 51 so that the lid 49 does not separate from the peripheral wall 40, and the lid 49 is pressed down by this (a hole 58 is formed in the upper plate 51 where the leaf spring 57 hits the lid 49). In order to reliably determine the open position and the closed position of the lid 49, the ball 61 spring-loaded by the spring 60 is fitted into two holes 59 formed at predetermined positions in the front and rear of the lid 49. A positioning mechanism is provided.

When the lid 49 is opened and the opening 50 is opened, the shredding device 1 is lowered and connected with the peripheral wall 10 below the bottom wall 12 partially protruding into the opening 50. For this reason, in addition to the opening 50 formed in the peripheral wall 40, a hole 62 allowing this is formed in the upper plate 51.

When the garbage shredded by the shredder 1 accumulates in a predetermined amount in the drum 9 of the drying device 2, the shredder 1 is released upward to rotate the drum 9. This rotation is for stirring the garbage and for bringing the garbage into sufficient contact with the heated air, and for promoting the drying of the garbage. in this case,
Since no shaft or the like passes through the inside of the drum 9, the agitation and air contact are excellent. In order to move the garbage in the drum 9 to the left and right while the drum 9 is rotating, some of the peripheral walls 40 are provided with obliquely oriented blades 63 on the inner periphery.

The air circulation device 3 for drying the garbage stored in the drum 9 forms a closed circuit including the drying device 2 and forcibly heats, dehumidifies, and cools the air in the closed circuit. And circulate. More specifically, a closed circuit is formed by a duct 64 that communicates with the holes 43 provided in the bosses 42 at both ends of the drum 9, and a heater 65 is provided in the closed circuit.
A dehumidifying / cooling mechanism 69 constituted by circulating refrigerant and refrigerant between the evaporator 66, the compressor 67, and the condenser 68 is provided. The boss 42 of the drum 9 is connected to a duct 64
, The seal 70 is interposed at the connection point.

In this case, the duct 64 includes an upper duct 64a which starts from one end (right end) of the drum 9 and extends upward.
A parallel duct 64b heading leftward at the height from the end of the upper duct 64a, and a drum 9 from the end of the parallel duct 64b
Of the lower duct 64c which descends to the other end (left end) of the
The hole 43 is provided at the other end of the drum 9, that is, immediately before the inlet 43 a. As the heater 65, a sheathed heater in which a sheathed heater wire in which a nichrome wire is inserted into a non-rusting metal pipe via an insulating material is arranged at high density is preferable because of good thermal efficiency.

On the other hand, the dehumidifying / cooling mechanism 69 places the evaporator 66 constituting the same in the parallel duct 64b, but the other compressor 67 and the condenser 68 may be set in place. In this example, the compressor 67 is positioned at an upper position in the frame 4 in a direction orthogonal to the parallel duct 64.
And a capacitor 68. Refrigerant is circulated between the evaporator 66, the compressor 67, and the condenser 68, and they are connected by piping (FIG. 1).

Here, the evaporator 66 absorbs the heat of the heated air which has absorbed the moisture of the garbage and dehumidifies the air.
It serves for cooling, during which the refrigerant is transformed from a liquid to a gas. Further, the compressor 67 sucks and compresses the gas refrigerant in the evaporator 66, and
Play a role in sending out. Further, the condenser 68 plays a role of cooling and liquefying the gas refrigerant sent from the compressor 67 by exchanging heat with the outside air. This method
It is the same as the cooling system, and in this respect, the evaporator 6
6 corresponds to an indoor unit, and the condenser 68 corresponds to an outdoor unit. In addition, a fan 71 for generating a circulating airflow in the closed circuit is provided in the parallel duct 64b. Further, a fan 72 for cooling the refrigerant in the condenser 68 is provided.

Next, the operation of the garbage disposal apparatus having the above configuration will be described. The shredding device 1 and the drying device 2
It is kept in a certain preparation state before putting garbage. That is,
The drying device 2 has the opening 50 facing upward and the lid 4
9, the shredding device 1 is connected in a state where it is lowered and the lower peripheral wall 10 partially enters the opening 50. In this state, the garbage is thrown into the throwing plate 13 of the shredding device 1, pushed by hand or the like, and thrown into the throwing port 14 (if necessary, pushed by the pusher 15).

Next, the rotating shaft 6 is rotated to shred the garbage, and the shredded garbage is dropped into the drum 9 of the drying device 2. When a predetermined amount of garbage is accumulated in the drum 9 by performing this operation several times, the operation of the shredding device 1 is stopped, and the shredding device 1 is raised by the up / down lever 35. Then
The telescopic cylinder 52 is actuated, the lid 49 is closed and the opening 50 is closed.
, While rotating the drum 9 in this state,
The heater 65 and the dehumidifying / cooling mechanism 69 are operated.

In this case, the upper raised piece 53 of the lid 49 is still sandwiched between the forked portions of the forked piece 55 of the lever 54, but the upper raised piece 53 pivots around the horizontal axis 8 and is forked. It does not interfere with the piece 53. To ensure this, the fork 55 is slightly moved after pushing or pulling the upper piece 53 to open and close the lid 49, and the upper piece 53 is positioned at the center of the fork 55. ing.

The rotation of the drum 9 at this time is such that a short pause time is interposed between the rotation of the drum 9 and the normal rotation and the reverse rotation are repeated for a required time, and the garbage is sent to the right or left by the action of the blade 63. Is repeated, and the stirring and the air contact are sufficiently performed. The air circulating in the closed circuit comes into contact with the garbage heated and shredded by the heater 65, and the heating temperature at this time is preferably about 100 ° C., and this temperature is preferably the inlet 43a of the boss 42 of the drum 9 The temperature is detected and controlled by a temperature sensor (not shown) installed in the system. When such high-temperature air comes into contact with the shredded garbage, it absorbs moisture in the garbage. When it comes into contact with the evaporator 66, it is cooled and dehumidified at the same time. At this time, the dehumidified water becomes water, and this water is guided to a tank 73 provided at a lower portion of the frame 4 by piping.

The dehumidified and cooled air is supplied to the heater 6 again.
Heated at 5 is sent to the drum 9 to repeat the above operation. When the moisture content of the chopped and dried garbage in the drum 9 reaches a predetermined value (the outlet 43b of the hole 43 of the boss 42).
For example, a method of monitoring the humidity by providing a humidity sensor or the like may be considered), and the rotation of the drum 9 is temporarily stopped. When the shredded garbage is cooled to a predetermined temperature and the drum 9 is rotated in a specific direction with the lid 49 opened, the garbage inside the chute 74 is provided so as to cover the peripheral wall 40. , And is discharged to a receiving tray 75 provided thereunder.

After the drum 9 has been discharged, its rotation is stopped. At this time, since the opening 50 is controlled so as to be upward, the up / down lever 35 is operated to lower the shredder 1 to dry the drum 9. Connected to the device 2 to prepare for the next garbage disposal. The shredding device 1 is suspended by a spring 76 with respect to the frame 4 to reduce the weight.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention, the garbage shredded by the shredding device is finely pulverized and dried after shredding, so that sufficient drying is performed in a short time. . In addition, the heating air for drying uses a system in which the dehumidification and cooling mechanism is forcibly dehumidified and cooled by a dehumidification and cooling mechanism in a closed circuit, and the system is heated again and supplied to the garbage. The air does not escape into the atmosphere, and there is no problem such as offensive odor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a garbage processing apparatus showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a left side view of the garbage disposal apparatus showing one example of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a right side view of the garbage disposal apparatus showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a garbage disposal apparatus showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a relationship between a shredding device and a drying device showing another example of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a shredding device showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a shredding device showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partially sectional plan view of a drying apparatus showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a partial cross section of a drying apparatus showing an example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shredding device 2 Drying device 3 Air circulation device 5 Case 6 Vertical axis 7 Cutting blade 8 Horizontal axis 9 Drum 49 Cover 64 Duct 65 Heater 66 Evaporator 67 Compressor 68 Condenser 69 Dehumidification cooling mechanism

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F26B 11/06 F26B 21/02 21/02 B09B 3/00 ZAB F-term (Reference) 3L113 AA06 AB02 AC08 AC22 AC58 AC59 AC62 AC68 BA01 DA01 DA10 DA26 4D004 AA03 AC04 BA04 CA04 CA22 CA32 CA42 CB09 CB13 CB36 4D052 AA00 BA04 FA03 GA01 GA03 GB01 GB02 GB03

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A shredding device for shredding the input garbage, a drying device for receiving and drying the garbage shredded by the shredding device, and a heating device for supplying heated air to the drying device to remove moisture from the garbage. While drying the garbage, sucking in the heated air that has absorbed moisture to dehumidify the water contained therein and cool it down.
A garbage disposal apparatus characterized by comprising an air circulation device for heating again and sending it to a drying device. 2. A shredding device comprising a cutting blade mounted on a rotating vertical axis and housed in a case.
A garbage disposal apparatus according to item 1. 3. A drying device comprising a drum connected with a lid opened below a case of the shredding device, wherein the drum retracts the shredding device upward and closes the lid. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is rotated about a horizontal axis.
Or the garbage disposal apparatus according to 2. 4. An air circulation device is constituted by a closed circuit covered with a duct including a drying device, and a heater is installed above the drying device in the closed circuit, and below the drying layer, The garbage disposal apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the evaporator of a dehumidifying / cooling mechanism configured by circulating a refrigerant between an evaporator, a compressor, and a condenser is installed.