JP2003170145A - Method and system for treating organic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating organic waste by which the organic waste is effectively digested treated without the deterioration of activity or the death of digesting bacteria, the load for digesting treatment of a large quantity of the organic waste is decreased efficiently and uniformly in a short time, the treatment can be continuously operated without stopping the whole line and particularly in a drying process before the digesting process, the drying is rapidly carried out, an amount exhaust gas is decreased, the oxidation does not occur and the scorching or the burning is prevented. <P>SOLUTION: This system comprises a process for pulverizing organic waste by a pulverizer 1, a high humidity high temperature drying process for heating and drying the pulverized organic waste by sending hot air and discharging steam while stirring and transporting with a screw conveyer 21 in a drying furnace 19, and a digesting treatment process for treating the intermediate treated material having a proper water content and a temperature for the high temperature digesting bacteria in the high humidity, high temperature drying process by a digesting treating machine 3 using the high temperature digesting bacteria. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an organic waste treatment method and an organic waste treatment system for eliminating organic waste such as garbage by using a disinfection sterilization type processor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a processing apparatus of this type, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
There is one described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 001-286853. In this device, a crusher is installed on the sterilization type processing machine, and the processed material (organic waste) is put into the crusher and crushed by the crushing rotary blade and the crushing fixed blade, and then the sterilization type Immediately drop it into the rotary drum of the processor, and by rotating this rotary drum, it is stirred by the stirring blades protruding on the inner circumference of the rotary drum, and further crushed by the crushing rod blades that rotate in the center of the rotary drum. However, it is designed to be extinguished by sterilization.

[0003]

However, this method has the following problems. Although the organic waste is crushed and then processed by the disinfection sterilizer, the crushed product is put into the rotating drum of the disinfection sterilizer as it is.
The bacterial bed in the rotating drum is rapidly cooled by cold garbage and a large amount of attached water. When the bed is rapidly cooled, the activity of the bacterium is extremely reduced, and it takes a long time to dispose of the bacterium or the bacterium is killed.

Since the crushed product is directly subjected to disinfection sterilization, the load on the disinfection sterilization type processing machine is large and fluctuations are large, and the processing may not be completed, and the processing unevenness is large. It is also necessary to regularly replace the bacterial bed. Since it is a batch type, even if it is the same user,
The input amount may fluctuate and the processing load is not stable.

Since the crusher is a cutting system in which the crushing rotary blade is rotated with respect to the crushing fixed blade, the crushing size is large and the size is not constant. In addition, the crushing efficiency is poor and large-scale processing cannot be performed. Furthermore, since the crushing power is low, it is impossible to crush hard materials.

A large amount of exhaust gas complicates the deodorizing process and requires a separate sterilizing process for pathogenic bacteria and the like. In general, the treatment amount per unit time is small, the treatment time is long, and it cannot be used in a place where the amount of discharged organic waste is large.

A first object of the present invention is to dry organic waste in a state in which the activity of sterilization is activated before the erasing step by sterilization by sterilization so that the activity of sterilization is not reduced or killed. In addition, it is possible to effectively eliminate the waste, and the load is small, so that a large amount of organic waste can be eliminated efficiently and reliably in a short time, and the whole system can be treated continuously without shutting down the operation. Is to In particular, in the drying step before the extinction step by sterilization, the drying speed is fast, the amount of exhaust gas is small, and oxidation does not occur, so that it does not burn or burn, and it can be dried uniformly. .

A second object of the present invention is to make it possible to reduce the crushed size of the organic waste, to efficiently crush the organic waste into the same size, and to reliably crush hard organic waste, and to carry out the subsequent drying step. And to improve the processing efficiency and processing capacity in the sterilization process.

A third object of the present invention is to reduce the amount of exhaust gas, to easily and accurately deodorize, and to eliminate the need for sterilizing treatment of pathogenic bacteria.

[0010]

The method for treating organic waste according to the present invention comprises a pulverizing step for pulverizing the organic waste, and the pulverized organic waste is agitated and conveyed by a screw conveyor in a drying furnace while hot air is blown. A high-humidity and high-temperature drying step in which steam is exhausted while being blown into a drying furnace, and heat drying is performed under high humidity and high temperature.
In the high-humidity high-temperature drying step, an intermediate sterilization treatment step is performed in which an intermediate-treated product having a moisture content and a temperature suitable for high-temperature sterilization is subjected to high-temperature sterilization in a sterilization-type processing machine.

Preferably, in the high-humidity and high-temperature drying step, the intermediate treated product is continuously metered into the sterilization type treatment machine at a moisture content of about 40% and a temperature of about 70-80 ° C.

Exhaust gas from the drying furnace is dehydrated and adjusted by a condenser, and the exhaust gas after the dehydration adjustment and the exhaust gas from the sterilization type processor are deodorized by a deodorizing device using a hydrolysis type catalyst. In the condenser, the humidity is adjusted to about 60% and the temperature is adjusted to about 80 ° C.

In the crushing step, the organic waste is put into an extrusion crusher, and is extruded from a large number of extrusion holes of the extrusion crusher while being cut by a cutter at the extruded portion and crushed.

The organic waste treatment system of the present invention comprises a crusher for crushing organic waste put into a crushing chamber with an extrusion piston, and squeezing it with a cutter at the extruding portion while squeezing it through a large number of extrusion holes. The hot air generator and the organic waste crushed by the crusher are agitated and conveyed by the screw conveyor in the drying furnace, while the hot air from the hot air generator is blown into the drying furnace to exhaust the water vapor, High-humidity high-temperature dryer that heats and dries under high-humidity and high-temperature high-temperature high-temperature dryer to sterilize the intermediate processed product whose moisture content and temperature are suitable for high-temperature sterilization by high-temperature sterilization in the processing tank. And a disinfection sterilization type processing machine.

The hot air generator heats a part of exhaust gas from the drying furnace with an electric heater and circulates it as hot air in the drying furnace.

The organic waste treatment system of the present invention further comprises a condenser for dehydrating and adjusting the exhaust gas from the drying furnace, an exhaust gas after adjusting the dehydration and an exhaust gas from the sterilization type processing device for deodorizing with a hydrolysis type catalyst. And a deodorizing device.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet showing a structural example of the organic waste treatment system according to the present invention. In this organic waste treatment system, organic waste such as raw garbage is crushed by a crusher 1
After crushing with, the crushed organic waste is dried in a high-humidity high-temperature dryer 2
Heat dry at high humidity and high temperature. Then, an intermediate processed product having a moisture content and a temperature suitable for high temperature sterilization is continuously put into the sterilization type processor 3 by the high humidity and high temperature dryer 2 and sterilized by high temperature sterilization. However, the exhaust from the decontamination type processor 3 is deodorized by the deodorizing device 4, and the exhaust from the high-humidity high-temperature dryer 2 is subjected to moisture adjustment (dehydration) by the condenser 5 and then sent to the deodorizing device 4. To deodorize.

In the crusher 1, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, a rectangular extrusion piston 7 is slidably fitted in a horizontally long rectangular crush chamber 6, and the extrusion piston 7 is placed horizontally. The tip of a screw shaft (ball screw) 8 is connected via a universal bearing or the like, and the rotation of the extrusion motor 10 can be transmitted to the screw shaft 8 via a speed reducer 9 or the like. The forward / reverse rotation of 10 allows the screw shaft 8 to be screwed forward so that the pushing piston 7 can slide back and forth.

As shown in FIG. 5, at the tip of the crush chamber 6,
Extrusion lattice blade 13 having a large number of extrusion holes 12 formed in a grid pattern
Is provided. A rotary cutter 14 is fixed to the outer end of the extrusion lattice blade 13 at the tip of a horizontal cutter shaft 15. The rotation of the cutter motor 16 is transmitted to the cutter shaft 15 via a speed reducer or the like, and the rotation of the cutter motor 16 causes the rotary cutter 14 to rotate in sliding contact with the outer surface of the extrusion lattice blade 13.

A hopper 17 with an upper lid, which communicates with the crush chamber 6, is installed on the upper side of the crush chamber 6, and organic waste is put into the crush chamber 6 from the hopper 17 so that a space between the hopper 17 and the crush chamber 6 is provided. When the cover 6a which is slidably opened and closed is closed and the extrusion piston 7 is moved forward, the organic waste in the crush chamber 6 is crushed and pushed out through the large number of extrusion holes 12 of the extrusion lattice blade 13. At this time, the rotary cutter 14 pushes the extrusion lattice blade 13
When the crushed organic waste is pushed out from a large number of extrusion holes 12 and is finely cut (crushed) at the same time as being slidably contacted with the outer surface of and rotating, it is passed through a drop guide 18 shown in FIG. It is charged into the drying furnace 19 of the machine 2 through a charging port 19a at one end thereof.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the high-humidity high-temperature dryer 2 is installed on the same machine frame 20 as the crusher 1, and has a horizontally long cylindrical drying furnace 19 and a screw conveyor 2 inside thereof.
1, a conveyor drive motor 22 (FIG. 8) for rotating the screw conveyor 21, a hot air generator 23 arranged above the drying furnace 19, and an exhaust circulation fan 24 also arranged above the drying furnace 19. And a filter 25.

The hot air generator 23 blows hot air from the blowing duct 27 using the electric heater 26 as a heat source, and the drying furnace 19
Hot air into the drying oven 19 from a hot air inlet 19b provided slightly in the middle of the inlet 19a (for example, a temperature of 150 ° C.).
~ 350 ° C).

The organic waste pulverized by the pulverizer 1 as described above and put into the drying furnace 19 is stirred by the screw conveyor 21 in the drying furnace 19 and is heated by the hot air generator 23. It is transported while being bathed, and dried under high humidity and high temperature.

Here, there are the following advantages when the crushed organic waste is dried at high humidity and high temperature by the hot air circulation system. Since only the water vapor evaporated in the drying furnace 19 can be discharged to the outside of the system, the amount of exhaust gas is extremely small, the energy is saved, and the deodorizing process of the exhaust gas is facilitated. Since the air in the circulating air is replaced by water vapor and has no oxygen, the dried organic waste does not oxidize and does not burn or burn. What is dried in a high-humidity and high-temperature state is uniformly dried in the porous state without surface hardening. Since it is a continuous operation method of drying with hot air while being stirred and conveyed by the screw conveyor 21, there is no need to preheat and cool the apparatus. A high volume reduction rate can be achieved by carbonizing organic waste without burning.

A large amount of steam is generated in the drying furnace 19, and the steam enters the filter 25 together with other gas from the discharge chamber 28 at the other end of the drying furnace 19 by the suction action of the exhaust circulation fan 24. Filtered. The filtered gas branches a little ahead of the exhaust circulation fan 24, and a part of it is heated again by the hot air generator 23 through the return duct 29 and is circulated and used as hot air. The other gas that has not flowed to the return duct 29 is condensed toward the condenser 5, where the moisture is adjusted and then deodorized by the deodorizing device 4. Exhaust circulation fan 2
The flow rate of the air flow returning from 4 to the hot air generator 23 and the air flow toward the condenser 5 are adjusted by the damper 30.

On the other hand, the organic waste subjected to the high-humidity and high-temperature drying process in the drying furnace 19 as described above falls from the discharge port 28a of the discharge chamber 28 at the other end of the drying furnace 19 and has a moisture content of about 40.
%, The temperature is 70 ° C. to 80 ° C. As an intermediate processed product, the fixed amount is continuously fed into the sterilization type processing machine 3.

The disinfection sterilizer 3 is for disinfecting the intermediate product from the drying furnace 19 while stirring it by high-temperature disinfection having a self-heating temperature of 60 ° C. to 80 ° C. Since the processing machine of No. 1 can be used as it is, description of its structure is omitted. Since the intermediate processed product that is put into the disinfection sterilizer 3 has a moisture content and a temperature at which the high temperature sterilization activity is activated, the intermediate high temperature sterilization is not killed or the activity is not reduced. As a result, the processing can be speeded up and stabilized.

The gas generated in the sterilization processing unit 3 is also deodorized by the deodorizing device 4 along with the exhaust from the drying furnace 19.

FIG. 9 shows a structural example of the deodorizing device 4. The gas whose moisture has been adjusted to about 60% in the condenser 5 and the gas from the sterilization-type processor 3 are cooled in a heat exchanger 31 for sucking air in the atmosphere, and then a pair of hydrolysis type The deodorizer 32 is switched by the switching valve 33 and sent. That is, the pair of hydrolysis-type deodorizers 32 are alternately used. The hydrolysis-type deodorizer 32 is made by depositing porous ceramic pellets or blocks inside a container, and deodorizes by a hydrolysis action. The deodorized gas is released into the atmosphere by the blower 34.

[0031]

As described above, according to the present invention, the organic waste is crushed, and the crushed organic waste is agitated and conveyed by the screw conveyor in the drying furnace while the hot air is blown into the drying furnace. The steam is exhausted and heated and dried under high humidity and high temperature to perform the sterilization treatment as an intermediate processed product having a moisture content and temperature suitable for high temperature sterilization, and therefore, the following effects are obtained.

By drying the organic waste to a state in which the activity of the sterilization is activated before the erasing step by the sterilization, it is possible to effectively eliminate the sterilization without lowering or killing the activity of the sterilization. However, the load is small, and a large amount of organic waste can be eliminated efficiently, reliably and uniformly in a short time.

Since it is a continuous operation method of drying with hot air while stirring and conveying with a screw conveyor, it is possible to perform processing in a continuous operation method without suspending operation of the entire system,
There is no need to preheat or cool the device.

In particular, in the drying step before the extinction step by sterilization, since the organic waste after pulverization is dried in a hot air circulation system at high humidity and high temperature, the drying speed is fast, the amount of exhaust gas is small, and oxidation occurs. It does not burn or burn and can be dried uniformly.

In the pulverizing process, while extruding from a large number of extrusion holes of the extrusion pulverizer, the extruded portion is cut by a cutter and pulverized, so that the pulverized size of the organic waste can be reduced and the same size can be efficiently pulverized. Moreover, it is possible to reliably grind hard organic waste, and to improve the processing efficiency and processing capacity in the subsequent drying step and decontamination processing step.

The amount of exhaust gas is small, deodorization can be performed easily and accurately, and sterilization treatment of pathogenic bacteria is unnecessary.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet of a configuration example of an organic waste treatment system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a crusher and a high humidity / high temperature dryer.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the crusher.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway side view of the above.

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the above.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a high humidity high temperature dryer.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the above.

FIG. 8 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a deodorizing device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 crusher 2 High humidity high temperature dryer 3 Disinfection sterilization type processing machine 4 Deodorizer 5 condenser 6 crush room 6a cover 7 Extrusion piston 8 screw shaft 9 reducer 10 Extrusion motor 12 Extrusion hole 13 Extruded lattice blade 14 rotary cutter 15 cutter shaft 16 cutter motor 17 Hoppers 18 Fall guide 19 drying oven 19a input port 19b Hot air outlet 20 machine frames 21 screw conveyor 22 Conveyor drive motor 23 Hot air generator 24 Exhaust circulation fan 25 filter 26 Electric heater 27 blowout duct 28 Discharge chamber 28a outlet 29 Return duct 30 damper 31 heat exchanger 32 deodorizer 33 Switching valve 34 Blower

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) F26B 1/00 F26B 17/20 A 4D065 9/06 B 17/20 21/00 K 21/04 B 21 / 00 25/22 Z 21/04 B09B 3/00 ZABD 25/22 Z // F23J 15/00 303M F23J 15/00 HF term (reference) 3K070 DA01 DA25 DA27 DA52 DA58 DA60 DA64 DA83 3L113 AA09 AB02 AC08 AC25 AC40 AC58 AC59 AC67 AC87 BA01 CA02 CA04 DA10 DA30 4C080 AA07 BB02 CC01 HH05 JJ03 KK08 LL02 MM04 QQ17 4D004 AA01 AA03 AC05 CA03 CA04 CA12 CA15 CA19 CA22 CA32 CA42 CA48 CB05 DA08 A00 CB09 DA08 A00 CB09 DA08A00 CB09 DA02 A45 CB32 DA08 CB32 DA08 CB32 CB32 CB32 CB32 CB32 CB32 CB32 CB32 CB32 CB32 CB32 CB32 CB32 CB32 CB03 CB32 GA01 GA04 GB02 GB03 4D065 CA18 CB10 CC01 DD20 DD24 EB17 ED03 ED16 ED27

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A crushing step of crushing organic waste, and agitating and transporting the crushed organic waste with a screw conveyor in a drying furnace, while blowing hot air into the drying furnace and exhausting water vapor. High-humidity high-temperature drying process of heating and drying under high-humidity and high temperature, and intermediate sterilization products with moisture content and temperature suitable for high-temperature sterilization in the high-humidity high-temperature drying process are sterilized by high-temperature sterilization A method for treating organic waste, comprising: a sterilization treatment step of treating. 2. The high-humidity and high-temperature drying step, wherein the intermediate treated product is continuously metered into the sterilization-type treatment machine at a moisture content of about 40% and a temperature of about 70-80.degree. Item 1
The method for treating organic waste according to. 3. A dehydration adjusting step of adjusting the dehydration of the exhaust gas from the drying furnace with a condenser, and the exhaust gas after the dehydration adjustment and the exhaust gas from the disinfection sterilization type processor are deodorized with a deodorizing device using a hydrolysis type catalyst. The method for treating organic waste according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a deodorizing step. 4. The method for treating organic waste according to claim 3, wherein the humidity is adjusted to about 60% and the temperature is adjusted to about 80 ° C. in the condenser. 5. The crushing step is characterized in that the organic waste is put into an extrusion crusher, and is extruded through a large number of extrusion holes of the extrusion crusher while being cut and crushed by a cutter at the extruded portion. 5. The method for treating organic waste according to any one of 4 to 4. 6. The high-humidity and high-temperature drying step is characterized in that a part of exhaust gas from the drying furnace is blown to an electric heater to be reheated, and hot air is circulated to the drying furnace. The method for treating organic waste according to any one. 7. A crusher for crushing organic waste put into a crushing chamber by an extrusion piston, squeezing it with a cutter at the extruded portions while squeezing it out through a large number of extrusion holes,
The hot air generator and the organic waste crushed by the crusher,
A high-humidity and high-temperature dryer that heats and dries under high-humidity and high temperature while exhausting water vapor while blowing hot air from the hot-air generator into the drying furnace while stirring and conveying with a screw conveyor in the drying furnace, and the high temperature. It is characterized by comprising an sterilization type processor for performing sterilization treatment of the intermediate treatment product having a moisture content and temperature suitable for high temperature sterilization by a high temperature sterilization in a treatment tank by high temperature sterilization by high temperature sterilization. Organic waste treatment system to do. 8. The organic waste treatment system according to claim 7, wherein the hot air generator heats a part of exhaust gas from the drying furnace with an electric heater and circulates it as hot air in the drying furnace. . 9. A condenser for dehydrating and adjusting exhaust gas from a drying furnace, and a deodorizing device for deodorizing exhaust gas after adjusting dehydration and exhaust gas from a sterilization processing machine with a hydrolysis type catalyst. The organic waste treatment system according to claim 7 or 8.