JP2000304444A - Garbage treating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely, efficiently operate treating of a chopper and a dryer by closing and rotating an opening/closing cover under the condition that a case is retracted upward by designating rotation of a drum, confirming that an opening comes upward by designating a stop, stopping the drum, and opening the cover. SOLUTION: Before a garbage is charged, a dryer 2 opens its cover with its opening upward and stops the cover. When a predetermined amount of the garbage is stored in a drum 9, upward retracting of a chopper 1 is detected by a limit switch(SW), the cover is closed, the opening is blocked, and the drum 9 is then rotated. The drum stops rotating by pressing a drum stop SW. A position where the cover comes upward is sensed by a proximity SWLS2 and a dowel (a), a motor 45 is stopped, and the cover is opened. Thus, when the drum 9 is designated to stop, the cover is closed, the dryer 2 is rotated without interfering with the chopper 1 and without leaking the garbage. When designating the stop, the drum 9 is stopped, and then the cover is opened, the chopper 1 is connected to the dryer 2, and hence the treatment can be effectively conserved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage disposal apparatus that can cut and dry garbage and use the dried garbage as feed for livestock.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, apparatuses for mechanically drying (treating) garbage discharged from kitchens and kitchens have been developed. These devices dry garbage while cutting the garbage. However, considering that the processed material is used as feed, this process must be performed in a short time and reliably. Otherwise, it will oxidize and rot during processing, and at best can only be used as compost.

[0003]

For this reason, the present inventors have made the shredding device for shredding garbage and the drying device for drying (removing water) the shredded garbage separate. And a garbage disposal apparatus that reliably performs each processing by dividing and chopping and drying. However, rapid processing of garbage requires not only reliable shredding and drying, but also efficient operation of these devices. The present invention has made this possible, in which the shredding device and the drying device are configured so that their respective processes can be performed more reliably, and the respective devices operate more efficiently.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a shredding device for cutting garbage thrown in by rotating a vertical axis having a cutting blade mounted in a case which can be raised and lowered. An opening in which the opening / closing lid is formed on one surface of the peripheral wall and having a polygonal drum which can be rotated around a horizontal axis, and the opening / closing lid is opened at the bottom of the case of the shredding device. Garbage disposal device that is connected to the drying unit that receives the garbage shredded by the shredding device through the opening and dries it, when the rotation command is given to the drum, the case is retracted upward. When the opening / closing lid is closed and rotated to give a stop command to the drum under the conditions, it is confirmed that the opening has come to the upper side, the opening and closing lid is opened, and the garbage disposal apparatus is provided. I do.

When a rotation command is given to the drum, the drum is rotated with the open / close lid closed on the condition that the case is retracted upward.
Therefore, even if the drying device is connected to the shredding device that ensures the transfer of the garbage, the drying device does not interfere with the shredding device when rotating, and the garbage is not generated when the drying device rotates. It does not leak out of the drum. On the other hand, when a stop command is given to the drum, it stops after confirming that the opening has come upward, and the opening / closing lid is automatically opened. Therefore, when the drum stops, the shredding device can be lowered and connected to the drying device, so that the efficiency of processing can be expected.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a garbage processing apparatus showing an example of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a left side view, FIG. 3 is a right side view,
FIG. 4 is a plan view. This garbage processing apparatus includes a shredding device 1 for shredding garbage, a drying device 2 for receiving and drying the shredded garbage, and air for contacting the garbage. And an air circulation device 3 for heating, dehumidifying, and cooling while circulating air. The shredding device 1, the drying device 2, and the air circulation device 3 are housed in a package-shaped frame 4.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the shredding device 1, and FIG. 7 is a plan view. In this case, the shredding device 1 has a longitudinal axis (rotation) which is forcibly rotated inside a cylindrical case 5. The drying device 2 is connected to the lower part of the case 5 of the shredding device 1 and is rotatable about a horizontal axis (horizontal axis) 8. And a drum 9 provided in the drum. In addition, the air circulation device 3
A closed circuit is formed including the drying device 2, and air in the closed circuit is forcibly heated, dehumidified, cooled, and circulated.

The case 5 of the shredding device 1 has a cylindrical shape in which a peripheral wall 10 is enclosed by an upper wall 11 and a bottom wall 12.
A loading plate 13 into which garbage is loaded is attached above 1. The input plate 13 has a pan shape with an open top, and has an input port 14 communicating with the inside of the peripheral wall 10. A pusher 15 having the same shape as the insertion port 14 is attached to the support column 16 above the insertion port 14 so as to be vertically movable. Further, a wall 17 is provided behind the inlet 13 so that the garbage does not move any more. As a result, the garbage drops into the peripheral wall 10 by dropping the garbage on the loading plate 13 and pushing the garbage toward the inlet 14, but this is ensured by pushing down the pushing body 15.

The rotary shaft 6 is provided vertically at the center of the peripheral wall 10. In this embodiment, bearing units 18 and 19 are mounted on the upper wall 11 and the bottom wall 12, and the rotary shaft 6 is supported by this. ing. It should be noted that both the upper wall 11 and the bottom wall 12 are provided with bearing units 18 and 19 by some spokes 11a and 12a.
And the rear part is open. Therefore, the bottom wall 1
The area of the opening portion 2 is large, and this forms the garbage discharge port 20 which is chopped as it is.

In this case, the bottom wall 12 extends forward, and a motor 21 is attached to this extension.
Then, the rotary shaft 6 is extended to above the upper wall 11 and the pulley 22 is attached.
And a belt 24 is stretched between them. Thus, the rotating shaft 6 is driven by the motor 21.

A plate-shaped cutting blade 7 is attached to the rotating shaft 6 in multiple stages (in this example, six stages). In this case,
The collar 25 is dividedly fitted on the rotating shaft 6 and
Maintain the interval between the cutting blades 7. The uppermost cutting blade 7 is fastened with a nut 26 screwed to the rotating shaft 6. Therefore, the cutting blade 7 receives the driving force due to the frictional resistance of the collar 25, and when an excessive load is applied,
It will keep you slipping.

The cutting blades 7 in this embodiment have a shape like a kitchen knife, and two blades are provided at each stage so as to face each other by 180 °. The upper surface of the cutting blade 7 is inclined to form an edge 7a at the front edge. The reason why the edge 7a is formed with a slope on the upper surface is to sprout the garbage upward due to the slope when shredding.
This is for increasing the time until reaching 0 and sufficiently shredding.

In addition, a scraping member 27 for scraping garbage attached to the inner periphery of the peripheral wall 10 is provided inside the peripheral wall 10. The scraping member 27 has a ring-shaped upper body 28 and a lower body 29 fitted into the peripheral wall 10 at the upper part and the lower part, respectively. (Eight at intervals) The scraping blade 30 is formed in a vertical bar shape. The upper body 28 and the lower body 29 are each provided with some spokes 28a, 29a to maintain strength. Then, a part of the scraping member 27 is extended upward, and a scraping lever 31 having a pin 31a linked thereto is provided.

Thus, when the scraping lever 31 is rotated, the garbage adhering to the inner periphery of the peripheral wall 10 is scraped off by the scraping blade 30. When the cutting blade 7 is rotated at a high speed, the garbage containing a large amount of water adheres to the inner surface of the peripheral wall 10, and the adhered matter is completely scraped off by this operation. This operation is performed at an appropriate timing while observing the amount of adhesion to the peripheral wall 10. In order to scrape off the deposits on the entire circumference of the peripheral wall 10, the rotation range of the scraping blade 30 needs to be longer than the interval.

Both the case 5 and the motor 21 are connected to the bottom wall 1.
The entire shredding device 1 attached to 2 can be moved up and down. FIG. 5 is a side view of the shredding device 1 and the drying device 2 showing this. A link 32 is provided on both sides of the bottom wall 12 so as to extend between the frame 4 and a vertical member from both sides of the bottom wall 12. 33, and a link 34 is also passed between each vertical member 33 and the frame 4 so that both links 3
2, 34 are configured as parallel links. Therefore, by moving the parallel links 32 and 34 up and down, the shredding device 1 can move up and down while maintaining its posture.

The up and down movement of the shredding device 1 is performed by operating the up and down lever 35. That is, the up / down lever 35 is attached to a turning plate 37 that can turn around a horizontal fulcrum shaft 36, and the turning plate 37 and a pivot point on the bottom wall 12 side of one link 32 are linked. It is. That is, a guide hole 38 for raising and lowering the pivot point by turning is formed in the rotary plate 37, and the roller 39 forming the pivot point is fitted into the guide hole 38. As a result, when the vertical lever 35 is rotated, the roller 39 is guided by the guide hole 38 and rises or falls.

The reason why the shredding device 1 is moved up and down is to separate the shredding device 1 from the drying device 2 so that the drying device 2 can be rotated. As described above, the drying device 2 includes a drum 9 connected to a lower portion of the case 5 of the shredding device 1 and rotatably provided about a horizontal shaft 8. However, the drum 9 in this example has a short polymerization allowance. To ensure a secure connection,
It is polygonal (in this example, hexagonal). FIG. 8 shows the drum 9
The drum 9 is a drum 9 in which both ends of a hexagonal peripheral wall 40 are closed and sealed by side walls 41, and a boss 42 is attached to the center of both side walls 41. A hole 43 is formed at the center. Therefore, the center of the boss 42 is the horizontal axis 8 described above.

Both bosses 42 are rotatably supported planetarily by some bearings 44 with respect to the frame 4. With this configuration, the boss 42 of sufficient diameter (and thus the hole 4
3) can be secured, so that a sufficient amount of heated air is supplied to the holes 43.
Can be distributed from A sprocket 45 is fitted on one boss 42, and a motor 46 with a speed reducer is provided below the frame 4, and a chain 48 is attached to the output sprocket 47. (Fig. 1). Therefore, the drum 9 is connected to the motor 4
6 to be rotated.

On one side of one side of the peripheral wall 40, a window-like opening 50 is formed which is opened and closed by opening and closing operation of an opening and closing lid (hereinafter, lid) 49. Specifically, the upper plate 51 is placed above the peripheral wall 41 that forms the opening 50, the lid 49 is accommodated between the peripheral wall 40 and the upper plate 51, and the lid 49 is slid, thereby opening the opening 50. Is opened or closed. Opening and closing of the lid 49 is performed by a telescopic cylinder 52 such as an electric cylinder. FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the lid 49 and the drum 9.
3 is formed, the crotch portion of a bifurcated piece 55 formed at the end of a lever 54 pivotally attached to the frame 4 or the like is sandwiched between the raised pieces 53, and the middle of the lever 54 is linked to the telescopic cylinder 52.

Thus, when the telescopic cylinder 52 is expanded and contracted, the lever 54 also rotates, and the lid 49 opens and closes accordingly. At this time, the bifurcated piece 55 is guided by a guide rod 56 that is bridged in the moving direction (left-right direction) of the lid 49 so that the movement is smooth. Also, a leaf spring 57 is attached to the upper plate 51 so that the lid 49 does not separate from the peripheral wall 40, and the lid 49 is pressed down by this (a hole 58 is formed in the upper plate 51 where the leaf spring 57 hits the lid 49). In order to reliably determine the open position and the closed position of the lid 49, the ball 61 spring-loaded by the spring 60 is fitted into two holes 59 formed at predetermined positions in the front and rear of the lid 49. A positioning mechanism is provided.

When the lid 49 is opened and the opening 50 is opened, the shredding device 1 is lowered and connected with the peripheral wall 10 below the bottom wall 12 partially protruding into the opening 50. For this reason, in addition to the opening 50 formed in the peripheral wall 40, a hole 62 allowing this is formed in the upper plate 51.

When a predetermined amount of the food waste shredded by the shredder 1 accumulates on the drum 9 of the drying device 2, the shredder 1 is released upward to rotate the drum 9. This rotation is for stirring the garbage and for bringing the garbage into sufficient contact with the heated air, and for promoting the drying of the garbage. in this case,
Since no shaft or the like passes through the inside of the drum 9, the agitation and air contact are excellent. In order to move the garbage in the drum 9 right and left during rotation of the drum 9, fins (wings) 6 which are obliquely directed to the inner periphery of some of the peripheral walls 40.
3 is attached.

The air circulation device 3 for drying the garbage stored in the drum 9 forms a closed circuit including the drying device 2 and forcibly heats, dehumidifies, and cools the air in the closed circuit. And circulate. More specifically, a closed circuit is formed by a duct 64 that communicates with the holes 43 provided in the bosses 42 at both ends of the drum 9, and a heater 65 is provided in the closed circuit.
A dehumidifying / cooling mechanism 69 constituted by circulating refrigerant and refrigerant between the evaporator 66, the compressor 67, and the condenser 68 is provided. The boss 42 of the drum 9 is connected to a duct 64
, The seal 70 is interposed at the connection point.

In this case, the duct 64 includes an upper duct 64a which starts from one end (right end) of the drum 9 and extends upward.
A parallel duct 64b heading leftward at the height from the end of the upper duct 64a, and a drum 9 from the end of the parallel duct 64b
Of the lower duct 64c which descends to the other end (left end) of the
The hole 43 is provided at the other end of the drum 9, that is, immediately before the inlet 43 a. As the heater 65, a sheathed heater in which a sheathed heater wire in which a nichrome wire is inserted into a non-rusting metal pipe via an insulating material is arranged at high density is preferable because of good thermal efficiency.

On the other hand, the dehumidifying / cooling mechanism 69 places the evaporator 66 constituting the same in the parallel duct 64b, but the other compressor 67 and the condenser 68 may be set in place. In this example, the compressor 67 is positioned at an upper position in the frame 4 in a direction orthogonal to the parallel duct 64.
And a capacitor 68. Refrigerant is circulated between the evaporator 66, the compressor 67, and the condenser 68, and they are connected by piping (FIG. 1).

Here, the evaporator 66 absorbs the heat of the heated air that has absorbed the moisture of the garbage and dehumidifies the air.
It serves for cooling, during which the refrigerant is transformed from a liquid to a gas. Further, the compressor 67 sucks and compresses the gas refrigerant in the evaporator 66, and
Play a role in sending out. Further, the condenser 68 plays a role of cooling and liquefying the gas refrigerant sent from the compressor 67 by exchanging heat with the outside air. This method
It is the same as the cooling system, and in this respect, the evaporator 6
6 corresponds to an indoor unit, and the condenser 68 corresponds to an outdoor unit. In addition, a fan 71 for generating a circulating airflow in the closed circuit is provided in the parallel duct 64b. Further, a fan 72 for cooling the refrigerant in the condenser 68 is provided.

Next, the operation of the garbage disposal apparatus having the above configuration will be described. The shredding device 1 and the drying device 2
It is kept in a certain preparation state before putting garbage. That is,
The drying device 2 has the opening 50 facing upward and the lid 4
9, the shredding device 1 is connected in a state where it is lowered and the lower peripheral wall 10 partially enters the opening 50. In this state, the garbage is thrown into the throwing plate 13 of the shredding device 1, pushed by hand or the like, and thrown into the throwing port 14 (if necessary, pushed by the pusher 15).

Next, the rotating shaft 6 is rotated to shred the garbage, and the shredded garbage is dropped into the drum 9 of the drying device 2. When a predetermined amount of garbage is accumulated in the drum 9 by performing this operation several times, the operation of the shredding device 1 is stopped, and the shredding device 1 is raised by the up / down lever 35. Then
The telescopic cylinder 52 is actuated, the lid 49 is closed and the opening 50 is closed.
, While rotating the drum 9 in this state,
The heater 65 and the dehumidifying / cooling mechanism 69 are operated.

In this case, the upper raised piece 53 of the lid 49 is still sandwiched between the forked portions of the bifurcated piece 55 of the lever 54. It does not interfere with the piece 53. To ensure this, the fork 55 is slightly moved after pushing or pulling the upper piece 53 to open and close the lid 49, and the upper piece 53 is positioned at the center of the fork 55. ing.

The rotation of the drum 9 at this time is such that a short pause time is interposed between the rotation of the drum 9 and the normal rotation and the reverse rotation are repeated for a required time, whereby the garbage is sent to the right or left by the action of the blade 63. Is repeated, and the stirring and the air contact are sufficiently performed. The air circulating in the closed circuit comes into contact with the garbage heated by the heater 65 and shredded. The heating temperature at this time is preferably about 100 ° C., and this temperature is set at the inlet 43 a of the boss 42 of the drum 9. The temperature is detected and controlled by a temperature sensor 77 installed at the like. When such high-temperature air comes into contact with the shredded garbage, it absorbs moisture in the garbage. When it comes into contact with the evaporator 66, it is cooled and dehumidified at the same time. At this time, the dehumidified water becomes water.
To the tank 73 provided at the bottom of the tank.

The dehumidified and cooled air is supplied to the heater 6 again.
Heated at 5 is sent to the drum 9 to repeat the above operation. When the water content of the chopped and dried garbage in the drum 9 reaches a predetermined value (the outlet 43 of the hole 43 of the boss 42).
b, a temperature sensor 77 and a humidity sensor 78 are provided and monitored), and the rotation of the drum 9 is temporarily stopped. When the shredded garbage is cooled to a predetermined temperature and the drum 9 is rotated in a specific direction with the lid 49 opened, the garbage inside the chute 74 is provided so as to cover the peripheral wall 40. , And is discharged to a receiving tray 75 provided thereunder.

When the drum 9 has been discharged, the rotation thereof is stopped. At this time, the opening 50 is set up so that the lid 49 is controlled to open when the drum 9 stops. Then, the up and down lever 35 is operated to lower the shredding device 1 and connect to the drying device 2 to prepare for the next garbage disposal. The shredding device 1 is suspended by a spring 76 with respect to the frame 4 to reduce the weight.

To perform the above control, the following limit switches and proximity switches are provided.
First, in order to stop the drum 9 at the position where the lid 49 is located above, the proximity switch LS2 is provided on the side wall 41 and the like, and a piece a for sensing the proximity switch is attached to the drum 9 (actually, the detection is performed by the proximity switch LS2). Piece a from the position
Stops at a slightly moved position-FIG. 3). In addition, shredding device 1
Is detected by the limit switch LS1 (FIG. 5). Further, the closing of the lid 49 is detected by the limit switch LS3, and the opening of the lid 49 is detected by the limit switch LS4 (FIG. 8).

FIG. 10 is a control circuit diagram of this. When the drum start switch SW1 is pressed to rotate the drum 9, the limit switch LS1 detects that the shredding device 1 has retreated upward, and The limit switch LS4 detects that the lid 49 is open, and the telescopic cylinder 52 operates to close the lid 49 (C is a capacitor for switching between the normal rotation terminal and the reverse rotation terminal). And the motor 46 is driven to rotate the drum 9 (B is a negative brake of the motor 46, which is released when energized). At this time, if the up-and-down lever 35 for raising and lowering the shredding device 1 can be locked, a situation in which the shredding device 1 collides with the rotating drying device 2 due to erroneous operation does not occur.

On the other hand, when the rotation of the drum 9 is to be stopped, the motor 46 is stopped by pressing the drum stop switch SW2. At this time, the opening 50 is moved upward by the action of the proximity switch LS2 and the piece a. Stop at Further, when the stop operation is performed and the limit switch LS4 detects that the lid 49 is not opened, the telescopic cylinder 52 is continuously operated to open the lid 49. Therefore, if the shredding device 1 is lowered, the drying device 2
Can be connected to the garbage, and the processing of garbage can be immediately continued. At this time, it is conceivable that the motor 21 for driving the rotating shaft 6 does not start unless the shredding device 1 comes down. In addition, control may be performed to automatically stop the rotation of the drum 9 when the values detected by the temperature sensor 77 and the humidity sensor 78 reach predetermined values.

[0036]

As described above, according to the present invention, even if the drying device is connected to the shredding device only by giving a rotation command to the drum, it does not interfere with the shredding device. The drying device rotates without the garbage leaking out. On the other hand, when a stop command is given to the drum to stop the drum, the shredding device can be lowered and connected to the drying device. From this, processing such as shredding and drying of garbage can be performed labor-saving and efficiently.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a garbage processing apparatus showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a left side view of the garbage disposal apparatus showing one example of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a right side view of the garbage disposal apparatus showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a garbage disposal apparatus showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a relationship between a shredding device and a drying device showing another example of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a shredding device showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a shredding device showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partially sectional plan view of a drying apparatus showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a partial cross section of a drying apparatus showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a control circuit diagram illustrating an example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shredding device 2 Drying device 3 Air circulation device 8 Horizontal axis 9 Drum 42 Boss 43 Hole 43a Inflow 43b Outflow 49 Opening / closing lid 50 Opening 63 Fin 69 Dehumidification cooling mechanism 77 Temperature sensor 78 Humidity sensor

Continued on the front page F-term (reference) 3L113 AA06 AB02 AC08 AC16 AC21 AC25 AC31 AC42 AC45 AC46 AC48 AC49 AC54 AC57 AC58 AC59 AC62 AC63 AC72 AC75 AC76 AC77 AC79 AC90 BA01 CA06 CA08 CA09 CB05 CB13 CB17 CB21 CB24 CB28 CB34 DA01 DA03 DA05 DA08 DA05 DA08 BA04 CA42 CB09 CB12 CB32 DA02 DA03 DA06 DA13

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A shredding device for cutting a garbage thrown in by rotating a vertical axis on which a cutting blade is mounted in a case provided to be movable up and down, and an opening which is opened and closed by an opening and closing lid on one surface of a peripheral wall. It has a polygonal drum that can be formed and rotated about a horizontal axis. An opening with an open / close lid is connected to the bottom of the case of the shredding device. In a garbage disposal device consisting of a drying device that receives garbage from the opening and dries it, when a rotation command is given to the drum, the lid is closed and rotated on the condition that the case is retracted upward, and stopped on the drum. When a command is given, the garbage disposal device is characterized in that it stops after confirming that the opening has come upward, and opens and closes the opening / closing lid. 2. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the connection is made with the opening of the drum partially inserted into the bottom of the case. 3. The garbage disposal according to claim 1, wherein the opening is formed in a part of the peripheral wall, and the opening / closing lid moves in the axial direction so as to overlap the peripheral wall to open and close the opening. apparatus. 4. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the opening / closing lid is moved by a telescopic cylinder.