JP2000220316A - Building vibration-control device and vibrastion-control method for building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively suppress the vibration of a building at an inexpensive cost by housing a vibration control device suppressing vibration in one direction and at the same time vibration perpendicular to that vibration in the inside of the floor of the building such as a station on a bridge. SOLUTION: A building vibration-control device suppressing vibration in one direction and vibration perpendicular to that vibration is housed in the inside of the floor 23 of a building having columns 22... and the floor 22. A part of the whole of horizontal vibration and vertical vibration acting on the building is absorbed or offset. In the vibration control structure, the planar arrangement of the columns 22 is preferably a symmetrical, and the vibration control device 10 is preferably installed at a position considering the center of rigidity being the center of the structure of the floor 23 and the centroid of the structure of the floor 23. The vibration control structure can be preferably applied to the concourse story floor 23 of an on-bridge station 10. Since the horizontal vibration and vertical vibration are suppressed simultaneously, the vibration of the building can be effectively suppressed at an inexpensive cost.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building damping device for suppressing vibration such as seismic vibration acting on a building, and a method of damping a building using the building damping device. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a railway building, a portion having a station function such as a ticket window, a ticket vending machine such as a ticket, a ticket gate, a station staff's office, a transfer concourse, etc. (hereinafter referred to as "station bookstore"). And centrally located above the railway track,
A free passage (overpass) dedicated to pedestrians is provided across the railway track and connected to the station bookstore, smoothing the flow of passengers getting on and off and pedestrians coming and going on both sides of the railway, it is also effective for urban redevelopment around the station At the same time, "Hashigami Station" has become widespread, which integrates station functions without dispersing them on both sides of the railway line (front and back sides of the station) to reduce waste.

[0003] At Hashigami Station, the station bookstore and the free passage are arranged above the railway line, so that the floor area of the building above the railway line becomes large. This floor must be supported by pillars and the foundation piles. However, in an urban area or the like, a plurality of railroad tracks are arranged in parallel, and the space between the railroad tracks is so narrow that it may not be possible to construct piles and columns.

[0004] For this reason, at the bridge station, a span (a span distance between beam support points) is required to cross over a plurality of railway tracks.
However, long floor beams are often required. In addition, at Hashigami Station, the planar arrangement (layout) of columns with respect to the floor often has an asymmetrical eccentric structure.

[0005]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional railway building such as a bridge station, when the span of the floor beam is long, the floor is easily vibrated by the action of an external force. In particular, on the concourse floor where railway passengers come and go, the floor shakes due to the walking of crowds, and station staff working in the station office on that floor may feel discomfort similar to “sickness sickness”. there were.

In recent years, there has been a demand for a building having a large earthquake resistance, and the same applies to a railway building. However, especially at an eccentric bridge station, a "torsion" force acts on floor beams, columns, and the like due to earthquake vibration.

[0007] In order to prevent floor shaking due to crowd walking and torsion of the building frame in the event of an earthquake, measures to connect the lower part of the column or the pile with an underground beam or the cross section of the pile, column, or floor beam are used. Measures such as increasing the size and strengthening can be cited.
However, both measures have high construction costs, and there is a problem that it is difficult to improve the existing bridge station or the like because it is close to the operating railway line.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vibration damping device capable of effectively suppressing vibration of a building at a low cost. , And a method of damping a building.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a building vibration damping device according to the present invention is housed inside a floor having a pillar and a floor, and acts horizontally on the building. It is characterized by absorbing or canceling a part or all of the horizontal vibration that is the directional vibration and the vertical vibration that is the vertical vibration acting on the building.

In the above-mentioned building vibration damping device, preferably, at least the two-dimensional arrangement of the columns is asymmetric.

[0011] In the above-mentioned building vibration damping device, preferably, the building is constructed above a railway line, and the floor is provided on a concourse floor for traffic of railway passengers.

[0012] In the above-mentioned building vibration damping device, preferably, the building is a bridge station having a station function above the railway line.

[0013] In the above-mentioned building vibration damping device, it is preferable that the vibration damping device is disposed at a position in consideration of the rigidity which is the center of the floor structure and the center of gravity of the floor structure.

[0014] Further, a method of damping a building according to the present invention comprises:
One-way vibration and a vibration damping device that suppresses vibration in a direction perpendicular to the vibration are housed inside the floor of a building having columns and floors, and are horizontal vibrations acting on the building. It is characterized by absorbing or canceling a part or all of the horizontal vibration and the vertical vibration acting on the building in the vertical direction.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the overall structure of a building vibration damping device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, a building damping device 10 of the present embodiment is installed at a bridge station 20 which is a building constructed above a railway line 30. At this Hashigami Station 20,
Pillars 22 are built on a pile 21 provided in the ground, and the pillars 22 support structures (beams and slabs) such as a floor 23 on the concourse floor and a floor 24 on the rooftop floor.

The building vibration damping device 10 is arranged inside the floor 23 on the concourse floor of this bridge station 20. The arrangement position on the concourse floor 23 is the position of the center of the floor structure (hereinafter, referred to as “rigidity”). Also, an appropriate number is provided according to the size of the concourse floor 23. For example, one for a small floor area,
Two or more pieces are arranged in a large floor area.

The building vibration damping device 10 has a horizontal vibration acting on the concourse floor 23 (hereinafter referred to as “horizontal vibration”) and a vertical vibration acting on the concourse floor 23. (Hereinafter, referred to as "vertical vibration") has a function of absorbing or canceling a part or all of both.

Next, the structure and operation of an example of the building vibration damping device 10 will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the principle of an example of a building damping device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 2, the concourse floor 23 is
An example is shown in which an exciting force F ₀ sinωt which is a periodic external force such as an earthquake is applied. Mass concourse floor bed 23 is m _A, the spring constant k _A. The building vibration damping device 10 is attached to the concourse floor 23. The building damping device 10 is provided with a spring-supported “weight”. If the mass of the weight is m _B and the spring constant is k _B , the natural frequency of the building damping device 10 is √ ( k _B /
m _B ).

Here, if the mass m _B and the spring constant of the building vibration damping device 10 are adjusted to k _B so as to be equal to the frequency ω of the exciting force, the exciting force is applied to the concourse floor 23. It passes and excites only the building damping device 10. At this time, a force that vibrates in the opposite direction acts on the spring of the building vibration damping device 10 so as to cancel the exciting force. That is,
Regardless of the value of the natural frequency of the concourse floor 23,
The building vibration damping device 10 makes it possible to suppress the exciting force.

An apparatus having such a principle is generally used as an adjustable mass damper or a tuned mass damper (TMD).
amper). The TMD supports the weight by means of a rubber member that supports the weight from below, a method that supports both ends of the weight placed on a linear rail with coil springs, and that uses the principle of a pendulum to suspend the weight from above. There is a method in which a weight is placed on a downwardly convex arc-shaped rail to enable reciprocating vibration. Also, TMD has
In Figure 2, as indicated by C _B, viscous attenuator (dashpot) may be added, such as oil damper.

The building vibration damping device 10 of this embodiment has a portion for damping the concourse floor 23 in the horizontal direction and a portion for damping the concourse floor 23 in the vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction. And are integrated. Therefore, horizontal,
It exerts a vibration suppression effect for any vertical excitation force.

With the above configuration, this building vibration damping device 1
0 has the following actions and effects.

1) It is possible to suppress horizontal vibrations acting on the floor of the concourse at Hashigami Station during an earthquake and reduce the seismic force on the building frame. At the same time, vertical vibration of the concourse floor due to the crowd of people walking on the concourse floor can be suppressed. Therefore, two functions can be simultaneously performed by one device, which is economical.

2) Since horizontal vibration and vertical vibration of the concourse floor can be suppressed at the same time, seismic force on beams, slabs, columns, etc. of the concourse floor can be reduced. , Columns, floor beams, slabs and the like can be made smaller or thinner than before.

3) Since horizontal vibration and vertical vibration of the concourse floor can be simultaneously suppressed, seismic force on beams, slabs, columns, etc. of the concourse floor can be reduced. As shown in FIG. 3, there is no problem even if the planar arrangement of the piles and the piles is asymmetric and eccentric, as shown in FIG. The degree increases.
Further, the floor opening for providing the stairs to the platform can be made large, and the width of the platform stairs can be increased.

4) Since horizontal vibration and vertical vibration of the concourse floor can be suppressed at the same time, seismic force on beams, slabs, columns, etc. of the concourse floor can be reduced. Not only stations, but also seismic retrofitting work on existing bridge stations that were difficult and expensive in the past can be performed with low construction costs and simple construction.

5) Since horizontal vibration and vertical vibration of the concourse floor can be suppressed at the same time, seismic force on beams, slabs, columns, etc. of the concourse floor can be reduced. The deformation of the skeleton is reduced, and the method of attaching the outer wall of the building can be simplified.

6) Vertical vibration of the floor of the concourse by a crowd of people walking on the concourse floor of Hashigami Station can also be suppressed. Therefore, the working environment of the station office can be improved.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The above embodiment is an exemplification, and has substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the scope of the claims of the present invention. It is included in the technical scope of the invention.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, Hashigami Station has been described as an example of a building to be subjected to vibration suppression. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. Alternatively, a building constructed above a railroad track or a general building not limited to a railroad may be a vibration damping target.

Further, in the above embodiment, the adjustment mass damper (TMD) has been described as an example of the building vibration damping device. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. A damping device, for example, a device called a sloshing damper or a tuned liquid damper (TLD: Tuned Liquid Damper) for damping using sloshing of liquid may be used.

Alternatively, a cylindrical friction damper that absorbs vibration by utilizing elastic deformation, plastic deformation, viscoelastic deformation, etc. of various members, viscous wall, viscoelastic damper, honeycomb-shaped steel damper, slit steel damper, bell Shaped steel dampers, dumbbell shaped steel dampers, lead dampers, lead extrusion dampers, air dampers, oil dampers, magnetic dampers, and the like may be used.

The above-described various dampers are provided with a certain mechanism attached to the object to make the object hard to shake, and are generally called "passive vibration damping devices". On the other hand, there is a so-called “active vibration damping device” that applies a force for actively suppressing vibration by an actuator (drive device) in accordance with vibration of an object (for example, a building). The building vibration damping device may use this active vibration damping device. Examples of the active vibration damping device include a system in which the inertia force of the mass damper weight is a reaction force, and a system in which a reaction force is applied to the supporting ground of a building.

In the above embodiment, the example in which the building damping device is arranged at the rigid position of the floor structure of the building has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this example.
Another configuration, for example, the building vibration damping device may be arranged at the position of the center of gravity of the floor structure of the building. Alternatively, when the floor is elongated, the floor may be arranged at positions near both ends of the floor with the center of gravity in between, or at positions near both ends of the floor with the center of gravity in between. The point is that they should be arranged in a position that takes into account the rigidity and the center of gravity of the floor structure.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The building vibration control device is housed inside the floor of a building with columns and floors, and the horizontal vibration acting on the building and the vertical vibration acting on the building, Since part or all of the absorption or cancellation is performed, the following advantages are provided.

A) The building vibration damping device of the present invention is economical because it can simultaneously suppress horizontal vibration (for example, vibration during an earthquake) and vertical vibration acting on the building.

B) Since the seismic force on the building can be reduced, the cross sections of the piles, columns, floor beams, slabs and the like in the building can be made smaller or thinner than before.

C) There is no problem even when the planar arrangement of the columns and piles in the building is asymmetric and eccentric, and there is no restriction on the arrangement of the columns and piles, and the degree of freedom in the layout of the building increases.

D) Not only newly-built buildings, but also seismic retrofitting of existing buildings, which were difficult and expensive in the past, can be performed with low construction costs and simple construction.

E) The deformation of the building frame during an earthquake is reduced, and the method of attaching the outer wall of the building can be simplified.

F) Vertical vibration of the floor caused by a crowd of people walking on the floor inside the building can also be suppressed. Therefore, the living environment and the like inside the building can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an overall configuration of a building vibration damping device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the principle of an example of a building damping device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an operation and an effect of the building vibration damping device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Building damping device 20 Hashigami station 21 Pile 22, 22a-22e Column 23 Concourse floor 24 Rooftop floor 30 Railroad track 40 Railroad vehicle

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A horizontal vibration which is housed inside the floor of a building having columns and floors and is a horizontal vibration acting on the building, and a vertical vibration which is a vertical vibration acting on the building. A building damping device for absorbing or canceling a part or all of a vibration. 2. The building vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein at least the two-dimensional arrangement of the columns is asymmetric. 3. The building vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the building is constructed above a railroad track, and the floor is provided on a concourse floor provided for railroad passenger traffic. A building damping device characterized by the following. 4. The building vibration damping device according to claim 3, wherein the building is a bridge station having a station function above the railroad track. 5. The building vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the building is disposed at a position considering a center of gravity of the floor structure and a center of gravity of the floor structure. Damping device. 6. A horizontal vibration device that accommodates a vibration damping device that suppresses vibration in one direction and vibration in a direction perpendicular to the vibration inside the floor of a building having columns and floors, and acts on the building. A method for damping a building, comprising absorbing or canceling a part or the whole of a horizontal vibration that is a directional vibration and a vertical vibration that is a vertical vibration acting on the building.