JP2000184665A - Motor fan - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To retain a brush straight to a commutator in a slidable condition by forming a brush sleeve front end on the commutator side so that a part near the surface of a commutator segment and a part distant therefrom may be disposed alternately, and providing a brush opening part on its front end part. SOLUTION: A brush sleeve 1 has such a structure that a conductive metal plate formed out of brass or the like may be bent to form a tube body whose cross section may be roughly rectangular, and a carbon brush 2 may be inserted and retained in the hollow part of the tube body. The front end on commutator side is formed so that a part 1a near the surface of a commutator segment and a part 1b distant therefrom may be disposed alternately. The brush is pressed by a spring on the surface of the commutator segment to form a brush opening part slidably on the front end of the brush sleeve 1. It is thus possible to retain the brush straight right just before the brush runs out for stable rectification even if the front of the sleeve is disposed nearest to the surface of the commutator segment.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electric blower having an AC commutator motor and a fan.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 7, a brush and brush sleeve assembly conventionally used in an AC commutator motor is formed by bending a conductive metal plate such as brass or the like into a cylindrical body having a substantially rectangular cross section. The brush 2 made of carbon or the like is inserted and held in the hollow portion of the cylindrical body of the brush sleeve 1 formed as described above. Reference numeral 8 denotes a relay terminal of a brush sleeve for connecting the stator winding and the brush, and reference numeral 6 denotes a terminal fitting, which is bent so as to cover a hollow portion of the cylindrical body and connected to a lead wire of the brush.
Also, it functions as a stopper of the presser spring 3.

[0003] The brush sleeve serves to hold the brush straight and slidably with respect to the commutator from the initial use of the brush until the brush is exhausted. If the commutator-side tip of the conventional brush sleeve is too far from the commutator, the brush protruding from the brush sleeve will be long, and the brush cannot be held straight, so that the brush bows up, down, left and right. The moving “play” increases.

When the backlash is large, the brush causes chattering and sparks increase. On the other hand, just before the brush no longer wears, the "play" becomes larger and more likely to result in destruction.

On the other hand, if the end of the brush sleeve on the commutator side is too close to the commutator, this "play" is reduced, so that the brush can be held straight up to just before the brush runs out, and a stable commutation state can be achieved. And the effective length of the brush is extended, so that the brush life can be extended.

Therefore, for the life of the brush, it is better that the end of the brush sleeve on the commutator side is closer to the commutator. However, when the commutator is close to the commutator, heat generated by sparks generated when the commutator is energized from the brush is trapped in the sleeve, causing a further rise in temperature.

[0007] This increase in temperature not only increases the resistance of the brush, but also degrades the composition of the brush itself, and as a result, the binder (resin) contained in the brush begins to melt, and the melted binder forms a gap between the sleeve and the brush. It was also a cause of sticking, making the brush impossible to slide and stopping the motor.

For this purpose, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 5-263798 discloses a means for forcibly applying cooling air to a brush. However, there is a drawback that heat cannot be dissipated between the brush sleeve and the brush, and the one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-73096 cannot secure a sufficient air flow path to allow air to flow through the brush sleeve. If the path is secured, the gap between the brush and the brush sleeve becomes large, and there are many problems such as chattering.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and holds when a brush is held straight and slidably with respect to a commutator, and occurs when a current is supplied from the brush to the commutator. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric blower that prevents heat from sparks from being trapped in a sleeve.

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric blower provided in a housing, both ends of which are supported by bearings, and an armature winding provided on the shaft. The armature core mounted, the commutator provided on the shaft and connected to the armature winding, and the armature core is disposed around the armature core and the field winding is wound therearound. And a substantially rectangular parallelepiped brush electrically connected to a terminal at a portion of the housing facing the commutator, and holding the brush. In an electric blower having a brush sleeve and a brush holder which holds the brush sleeve and is fixed to a motor bracket, a tip of the brush sleeve on a commutator side is alternately arranged in a portion near and far from a surface of the commutator segment. Configured to be positioned, a structure in which a brush opening the brush sleeve tip.

In this manner, the commutator-side tip of the brush sleeve is configured such that a portion closer to and farther from the commutator segment surface is alternately positioned with respect to the commutator segment surface, so that a brush sleeve opening portion exists at the brush tip. By doing so, even if the tip of the sleeve is positioned very close to the surface of the commutator segment, the brush can be held straight up to just before the brush disappears, and the effect of maintaining a stable commutation state can be maintained. Since the heat escapes, the heat does not accumulate in the brush sleeve, and the risk of causing the composition deformation of the brush is greatly reduced.

Further, even if the temperature of the brush rises and the binder melts, it is possible to prevent the brush and the brush sleeve from sliding poorly due to being blown off by the exhaust air of the motor from the opening.

An electric blower according to a second aspect of the present invention is a shaft provided in a housing, both ends of which are supported by bearings, and an armature core provided on the shaft and having an armature winding wound thereon. And a commutator provided on the shaft and connected to the armature winding, and a field core provided around the armature core around the armature core and wound with the field winding. A substantially rectangular parallelepiped brush electrically connected to a terminal at a portion of the housing facing the commutator, a brush sleeve for holding the brush, and a suction fan provided at one end of the shaft. In an electric blower having a brush holder held and fixed to a motor bracket, a tip of a brush sleeve on a commutator side is structured such that a portion close to and a portion far from a commutator segment surface are alternately positioned. An opening of a substantially triangular brush having a base on the surface side of the commutator segment is provided at the tip of the brush sleeve.

In this way, the shape of the open portion at the end of the brush sleeve is substantially triangular with the base on the surface side of the commutator segment, so that the brush is surrounded by the brush holder on the side of the commutator where the temperature rises most. Since the number of parts is minimized, the heat radiation is best and the brush holding property is also good.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric blower provided in a housing and having both ends supported by bearings, and an armature core provided on the shaft and having an armature winding wound thereon. And a commutator provided on the shaft and connected to the armature winding, and a field core provided around the armature core around the armature core and wound with the field winding. A substantially rectangular parallelepiped brush electrically connected to a terminal at a portion of the housing facing the commutator, a brush sleeve for holding the brush, and a suction fan provided at one end of the shaft. In an electric blower having a brush holder which is held and fixed to a motor bracket, the commutator-side tip of the brush sleeve is arranged such that a portion close to and a portion far from the commutator segment surface are alternately positioned. Form, a brush opening provided in the brush sleeve distal end, its shape, to the commutator segment surface, located at the four corners of the portion close sleeve, configured to distant parts are located 4 Kakuma.

In this way, the shape of the open portion of the brush sleeve tip portion is closer to the commutator segment surface at the four corners of the sleeve.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric blower provided in a housing, both ends of which are supported by bearings, and an armature core provided on the shaft and having an armature winding wound thereon. And a commutator provided on the shaft and connected to the armature winding, and a field core provided around the armature core around the armature core and wound with the field winding. A substantially rectangular parallelepiped brush electrically connected to a terminal at a portion of the housing facing the commutator, a brush sleeve for holding the brush, and a suction fan provided at one end of the shaft. In an electric blower having a brush holder which is held and fixed to a motor bracket, a brush is provided at a tip of a commutator side of a brush sleeve at least on a side where a commutator in a rotation direction side is separated from a brush and a spark is generated. A structure provided with open pores.

In this way, at least on the side where the commutator on the rotation direction side separates from the brush and sparks are generated, the commutator-side tip of the brush sleeve is brought into contact with the commutator segment surface.
By providing an opening that opens the brush in the close part, even if the tip of the sleeve is positioned very close to the surface of the commutator segment, the brush can be held straight until just before the brush disappears, and stable commutation Since the heat escapes from this open portion while maintaining the effect that the state can be maintained, the heat does not remain in the brush sleeve, and the risk of causing the composition deformation of the brush is greatly reduced.

If the temperature of the brush rises, the binder
Even if the brush melts, it can be largely prevented from being blown off by the exhaust air of the motor from the open portion and causing a sliding defect between the brush and the brush sleeve. At this time, it is most effective to form the opening in a square shape and the shape is large, but a round shape or a triangular shape may be used.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric blower provided in a housing, both ends of which are supported by bearings, and an armature core provided on the shaft and having an armature winding wound thereon. And a commutator provided on the shaft and connected to the armature winding, and a field core provided around the armature core around the armature core and wound with the field winding. A substantially rectangular parallelepiped brush electrically connected to a terminal at a portion of the housing facing the commutator, a brush sleeve for holding the brush, and a suction fan provided at one end of the shaft. In an electric blower having a brush holder held and fixed to a motor bracket, at least a commutator on the commutator side of the brush sleeve, at least on a side where the commutator on the rotational direction side separates from the brush and sparks are generated, is provided. Constituting provided the brush opening holes.

In this way, if the brush sleeve commutator side tip has a shape having a plurality of closed portions, the strength of the brush sleeve can be increased even if many openings are arranged.

[0022]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a vertical and horizontal half-sectional view of the electric blower of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a configuration of a brush assembly including a holder for a brush sleeve. FIG.
Is a vertical-horizontal half cross-sectional view in which the upper half from the center is a vertical cross section and the lower half is a horizontal cross section.

In the figure, 1 is a brush sleeve, 2 is a brush made of carbon or the like inserted into the brush sleeve 1, 3 is a spring for pressing the carbon brush 2 against the commutator 5, 4 is a brush sleeve holder, and 8 is a brush sleeve holder. Relay terminal, 9 is a housing of an electric blower, 10 is a field winding stator, 11 is an armature winding, 12 is a blower, 13 is a fan,
14 is a bearing, 15 is an armature core, and 16 is a shaft.

Next, the brush sleeve 1 and the holder 4 will be described. FIG. 2 shows a resin holder 4 for mounting the brush sleeve of the present invention. FIG. 2A is a front view,
(B) is a bottom view, and (C) is a side view. In the figure, 1 is a brush sleeve, 2 is a brush, 3 is a spring, 5 is a terminal fitting serving as a stopper of the spring, 6 is a terminal fitting, 7 is a connection terminal for connecting a power supply and an electric motor, and 8 is a relay terminal. . The brush sleeve 1 is inserted and held in the insertion opening of the holder 4, and has a structure in which the brush 2 is inserted into the hollow portion of the cylindrical body of the brush sleeve 1 and pressed and held by the spring 3.

In the above configuration, the operation of the electric blower is performed by supplying a current to the armature winding 11 from the power supply via the brush 2 and the commutator 5. Since recent vacuum cleaners are operated at 40,000 to 50,000 revolutions / minute, the brush is held so as to be able to slide straight against the commutator, and sparks generated when the commutator is energized from the brush. Heat must not be trapped within the sleeve.

The cooling airflow (arrow) drawn into the electric blower by the operation of the electric blower is formed by the field core from the fan 13 through the diffuser to the inside of the housing 9 through the opening of the end bracket. The cooling air is discharged from the housing opening at the rear of the electric blower while cooling the field winding 10, the armature winding 11, and the carbon brush 2 through the ventilation part.

Next, a brush sleeve which is a feature of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3A is a side view of one embodiment, and FIG. 3B is another side view. Reference numeral 1 denotes a brush sleeve, which is formed by bending a conductive metal plate such as brass to form a cylindrical body having a substantially rectangular cross section, and inserting and holding a carbon brush 2 in a hollow portion of the cylindrical body. Reference numeral 8 denotes a relay terminal of the brush sleeve 1 for connecting the stator winding and the commutator 5.

The tip of the brush sleeve 1 on the commutator side is configured such that the near portions 1a and the far portions 1b are alternately located with respect to the commutator segment surface. A brush opening portion is provided at the end of the brush sleeve 1 so that the brush can be slid on the surface of the commutator segment by a spring. In the example of FIG. 3, the shape of the open portion at the tip of the brush sleeve is a substantially triangular shape having a base on the surface side of the commutator segment. Further, another embodiment of FIG. 3C shows an example in which a plurality of substantially triangular shapes are provided.

Thus, even if the end of the sleeve is positioned very close to the surface of the commutator segment, the brush can be held straight up to just before the brush disappears, while maintaining the effect of maintaining a stable commutation state. Since the heat escapes from the open portion, the heat does not remain in the brush sleeve, and the risk of causing the composition deformation of the brush can be greatly reduced. Also, even if the temperature of the brush rises and the binder melts, it is possible to prevent the motor from being blown off by the exhaust air of the motor from its open portion and to prevent the brush and the brush sleeve from sliding poorly.

In this case, the shape of the open portion at the tip of the brush sleeve 1 is such that the near portion 1a is located at four corners of the sleeve with respect to the commutator segment surface, and the far portion 1b is
The brush sleeve 1 is formed so as to be located between the corners.
This is preferable because the brush 2 can be held firmly.

Next, another embodiment is shown in FIG. In the figure, the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those in FIG. In this example, the shape of the open portion at the tip of the brush sleeve is such that the shape of the close portion 1a is concave toward the surface of the commutator segment.
And distant portions 1b are alternately positioned. FIG. 4A shows one concave shape, and FIG.
FIG. 4C is an example in which two concave shapes are formed, and FIG. 4C is an example in which more concave shapes are formed.

Also in this case, the shape of the open portion at the tip of the brush sleeve 1 is such that the near portion 1a is located at four corners of the sleeve and the far portion 1b is located between the four corners with respect to the commutator segment surface. Is preferable because the brush 2 can be firmly held on the brush sleeve 1.

The open portion at the end of the brush sleeve in FIGS. 3 and 4 is best used for the entire circumference (four surfaces). However, the commutator in the rotating direction is separated from the brush and sparks are generated. If it is adopted on the side to perform, the effect can be exhibited even on one to three surfaces.

Next, another embodiment is shown in FIG. In the drawings, the same components as those in FIGS. 3 and 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
In this example, the tip of the brush sleeve 1 on the commutator side is
At least, a brush opening hole 1C is provided on the side where the commutator on the rotation direction side separates from the brush 2 and sparks are generated. FIG. 5A shows one example in which one rectangular brush opening hole 1C is provided, FIG. 5B shows an example in which a plurality of two rectangular brush opening holes 1C are formed, and FIG. This is an example in which two substantially triangular open holes 1C each having a base are formed on the surface of the commutator segment.

As described above, even when the tip of the sleeve is positioned very close to the surface of the commutator segment, the brush can be held straight until the brush is almost gone, and the effect of maintaining a stable commutation state can be maintained. Since the heat escapes from the opening, heat does not remain in the brush sleeve, and the risk of causing a deformation of the brush is greatly reduced. Even if the temperature of the brush made of carbon etc. rises and the binder melts, it is possible to significantly prevent the brush and the brush sleeve from sliding poorly by being blown off by the exhaust air of the motor from the opening. Can be. At this time, the shape of the brush opening hole is preferably a square shape and large, and the most effective effect can be obtained. However, a round shape or a triangular shape may be used.

Another embodiment of FIG. 6 will be described. In the figure, the same components as those in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals. FIG.
6A is a side view, and FIG. 6B is another side view. In this embodiment, a plurality of circular brush opening holes 1C are formed, and the number and arrangement of the opening holes 1C provided on the side surface are appropriately set so as to be most effective.

As described above, if the brush sleeve commutator side tip has a plurality of open holes, the strength of the brush sleeve can be increased even if many openings are arranged. In these cases as well, it is best to use the open portion at the end of the brush sleeve on the entire circumference (four surfaces), but it is used on the side where the commutator in the rotational direction separates from the brush and sparks are generated. In this case, the effect can be exhibited on one to three surfaces.

[0038]

As described above, the electric blower of the present invention
The commutator-side tip of the brush sleeve is arranged such that a portion closer to and farther from the commutator segment surface is alternately arranged with respect to the surface of the commutator segment, and a brush sleeve opening portion is provided at the brush tip portion. At least, at the side where the commutator on the rotation direction side separates from the brush and sparks are generated, the commutator-side tip of the brush sleeve is provided with an opening for opening the brush at a portion close to the commutator segment surface. By doing so, even if the tip of the sleeve is positioned very close to the surface of the commutator segment, the brush can be held straight up to just before the brush disappears, and the effect of maintaining a stable commutation state can be maintained. Since heat escapes, heat does not stay inside the brush sleeve,
The risk of causing deformation of the brush composition can be greatly reduced.

The shape of the open portion at the tip of the brush sleeve is substantially triangular with a base on the surface side of the commutator segment.
Since the portion where the brush is surrounded by the brush holder is minimized, the heat is radiated most and the holdability of the brush is also improved.

Also, even if the temperature of the brush rises and the binder melts, it is possible to prevent the motor from being blown off from the open portion or the open hole by the exhaust air of the motor and to cause poor sliding between the brush and the brush sleeve. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical and horizontal half sectional view of an electric blower according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view, a side view, and a side view of the brush holder of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view and a perspective view of a brush and a brush sleeve holder of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is various bottom views of the brush and the brush sleeve of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view of another brush and a brush sleeve of the present invention;
Side view.

FIG. 6 is a bottom view of various types of other brushes and brush sleeves of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front view, a side view, and a bottom view of a conventional brush and a brush sleeve.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 brush sleeve 2 brush 3 spring 4 brush sleeve holder 5 commutator 6 terminal fitting 7 connection terminal 8 relay terminal 9 housing 10 field winding 11 armature winding 12 blower 13 fan 14 bearing (bearing) 16 shaft

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A shaft provided in a housing and both ends of which are supported by bearings, an armature core provided on the shaft and having an armature winding wound thereon, and an armature winding provided on the shaft. A commutator connected to the wire, and a field core provided around the armature core around the armature core and having a field winding wound thereon, and attracted to one end of the shaft. Rectangular brush electrically connected to the terminal at the portion of the housing facing the commutator, a brush sleeve for holding the brush, and a brush holder for holding the brush and fixed to the motor bracket In the electric blower having the above, the tip of the brush sleeve on the commutator side is configured such that a near portion and a far portion are alternately located with respect to the commutator segment surface, and a brush is provided on the brush sleeve tip portion. An electric blower characterized by having an opening. 2. The electric blower according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the open portion at the tip of the brush sleeve is a substantially triangular shape having a base on the surface side of the commutator segment. 3. The shape of the open portion of the brush sleeve tip portion is such that a portion close to the commutator segment surface is located at four corners of the sleeve and a far portion is located between the four corners. The described electric blower. 4. A shaft provided in the housing and having both ends supported by bearings, an armature core provided on the shaft and having an armature winding wound thereon, and an armature winding provided on the shaft. A commutator connected to the wire, and a field core provided around the armature core around the armature core and having a field winding wound thereon, and attracted to one end of the shaft. Rectangular brush electrically connected to the terminal at the portion of the housing facing the commutator, a brush sleeve for holding the brush, and a brush holder for holding the brush and fixed to the motor bracket In the electric blower having a brush, a brush opening hole is provided on at least a commutator-side end of the brush sleeve on a side where the commutator on the rotation direction side separates from the brush and a spark is generated. Dynamic blower. 5. The electric blower according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of brush opening holes are provided.