JP3711877B2 - Electric tool - Google Patents

Electric tool Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3711877B2
JP3711877B2 JP2001058626A JP2001058626A JP3711877B2 JP 3711877 B2 JP3711877 B2 JP 3711877B2 JP 2001058626 A JP2001058626 A JP 2001058626A JP 2001058626 A JP2001058626 A JP 2001058626A JP 3711877 B2 JP3711877 B2 JP 3711877B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
carbon brush
motor
housing
electric tool
amateur
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JP2001058626A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2002254337A (en
Inventor
和博 大森
智海 吉水
雅範 渡邊
俊之 根本
新喜 大津
琢磨 斉藤
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Koki Holdings Co Ltd
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Hitachi Koki Co Ltd
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Application filed by Hitachi Koki Co Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Koki Co Ltd
Priority to JP2001058626A priority Critical patent/JP3711877B2/en
Priority to CNB021053901A priority patent/CN1288824C/en
Priority to CNB2005101247411A priority patent/CN100435452C/en
Priority to DE10209097.1A priority patent/DE10209097B4/en
Priority to US10/085,627 priority patent/US6661148B2/en
Priority to TW091103746A priority patent/TW505557B/en
Publication of JP2002254337A publication Critical patent/JP2002254337A/en
Priority to US10/634,814 priority patent/US7323796B2/en
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Publication of JP3711877B2 publication Critical patent/JP3711877B2/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/008—Cooling means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
    • H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/22—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
    • H02K9/227—Heat sinks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/28—Cooling of commutators, slip-rings or brushes e.g. by ventilating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/10—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with arrangements for protection from ingress, e.g. water or fingers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/207—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium with openings in the casing specially adapted for ambient air
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/65—Means to drive tool

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Dc Machiner (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Portable Power Tools In General (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、冷却ファンを有するインパクトドライバ等の電動工具における冷却用風路に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来の電動工具を図６〜図９を用いて説明する。図６及び図７に示す従来の電動工具は、略Ｔ字形状を成しており、電動工具本体を形成する二つ割ハウジング５（以下ハウジングと称す）によって形成される本体胴体部には、駆動源であるモータや減速機構部などが配されており、且つ本体胴体部から垂下するハンドル部には、モータに電力を供給するためのトリガスイッチなどが配されている。また、上記本体胴体部には、モータのアマチュア１に電力を供給するためのカーボンブラシ１７を保持するためのカーボンブラシブロック８などが配されており、これらカーボンブラシブロック８などはハウジング５により挟持されてハウジング５の所定の位置に保持されている。また、ステータ３の収容位置決めを行うためにハウジング５内にはリブ５ａが形成されている。なお、リブ５ａによりステータ３の左側面部を支持しているため、ハウジング５に設けた吸入口２１から吸入された空気は、リブ５ａ及びステータ３が障壁となり、図７中の矢印Ｂ′で示すように、ステータ３の外周側壁に沿って図７中右側に流れた後、ステータ３とアマチュア１との間を図７中左側に流れ、その後、排出口７からハウジング５外に排出されている。また、カーボンブラシブロック８は、カーボンチューブ９、カーボンキャップ１８、リードワイヤ１９などから構成されており、このカーボンブラシブロック８は、ハウジング５の外側からカーボンブラシ１７の着脱が行えるよう配されている。
【０００３】
更にアマチュア１の反出力側には、冷却ファン２が設けられており、この冷却ファン２が回転すると冷却ファン２の周りにある空気がハウジング５に設けた排出口７からハウジング５外に排出されるため、ハウジング５内が負圧となりハウジング５内外に圧力差が生じ、ハウジング５に設けた吸入口２０，２１からハウジング５内に空気が流入する。この空気の流れ（図７中の矢印Ｂ，Ｂ′）によりアマチュア１、カーボンブラシ１７、カーボンチューブ９などの冷却が行われている。なお、吸入口２０からハウジング５内に流入する空気は、主に整流子１１、カーボンブラシ１７、カーボンチューブ９などの冷却に用いられており、吸入口２１からハウジング５内に流入する空気は、主に熱源であるアマチュア１を冷却するために用いられている。
【０００４】
また、図８及び図９に示す従来の電動工具は、略Ｔ字形状を成しており、電動工具本体を形成するハウジング５によって形成される本体胴体部には、駆動源であるモータや減速機構部などが配されており、且つ本体胴体部から垂下するハンドル部には、モータに電力を供給するためのトリガスイッチなどが配されている。上記本体胴体部には、モータのアマチュア１に電力を供給するためのカーボンブラシ１７を保持するためのカーボンブラシブロック８などが配されており、これらカーボンブラシブロック８は、アマチュア１及びステータ３を収容するケーシング２２に設けられている。
【０００５】
更にアマチュア１の反出力側には、冷却ファン２が設けられており、この冷却ファン２が回転すると冷却ファン２の周りにある空気がケーシング２２に設けた排出口７からケーシング２２外に排出されるため、ケーシング２２内が負圧となりケーシング２２内外に圧力差が生じ、ケーシング２２に設けた吸入口６，６′からケーシング２２内に空気が流入する。この空気の流れ（図９中の矢印Ｃ、Ｃ′）によりアマチュア１、カーボンブラシ１７、カーボンチューブ９などの冷却が行われている。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
図６及び図７に示す電動工具の冷却構成では、アマチュアを冷却する空気（図７中の矢印Ｂ′）がステータの外周を通り流れてくるため、吸入口からアマチュアまでの風路（距離）が長くなってしまい圧力損失が大きくなってしまうことから、冷却効率が低下してしまいアマチュアが早期に焼損してしまうという問題があった。
【０００７】
また、図８及び図９に示す電動工具の冷却構成では、アマチュアを冷却する空気がステータの外周を通り流れる風路ではないため、図９中の矢印Ｃで示す空気の流れによりアマチュアを冷却することができる。しかし、カーボンブラシ側の吸入口からケーシング内に流入する空気（図９中の矢印Ｃ′）は、ケーシングとカーボンブラシ等で形成される広い空間に流れ込むため流速が低下してしまい、整流子、カーボンブラシ、カーボンチューブに冷却風を強く当てられないため、カーボンブラシやカーボンチューブの発熱を抑えられなくなり、カーボンキャップ等が溶融してしまうという問題があった。
【０００８】
本発明の目的は、上記問題を解消し、モータ部周辺を確実に冷却し且つ圧力損失を低減することにより、電動工具の長寿命化を図ることである。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的は、アマチュア及びステータから成るモータと、モータの回転軸に設けられた冷却ファンと、冷却ファンにより冷却されるモータ及びカーボンブラシ部と、カーボンブラシ部及びモータを収容するハウジングと、ハウジングに設けた冷却風の吸入口及び排出口とを備えた電動工具において、カーボンブラシ部は、吸入口とモータの整流子との間に円筒状側壁をもって配されており、整流子の外径側に位置する円筒状側壁に整流子側に広くコイルエンド側に狭いテーパ部を設け、カーボンブラシ部とコイルエンドとの間にカーボンブラシ部と係合する金属製の放熱板を設けることにより達成される。
【００１０】
【発明の実施の形態】
本実施例における電動工具を図１〜図５を用いて説明する。図１及び図２は本実施例における電動工具のモータ部周辺を示す一部省略縦断側面図、図３は図１及び図２の一部省略縦断平面図、図４は本実施例におけるカーボンブラシ部を構成するカーボンブロック８を示しており、（ａ）はその正面図、（ｂ）はその側面図、（ｃ）はその背面図、図５は本実施例における放熱板４を示しており、（ａ）はその正面図、（ｂ）はその側面図である。
【００１１】
図１〜図３において、ピニオン２０を有するアマチュア１は、その両端を軸受により回転可能に保持された状態で２つ割ハウジング５内（以下ハウジングと称す）に収容されており、且つこのアマチュア１のコア２２の外側には、円筒状の鉄輪に貼り付けられる２極のマグネットから成るステータ３が配置されている。上記アマチュア１のコア部２２とピニオン２０との間には、軸２１に固定された遠心ファン２が設けられており、この遠心ファン２の外方側に位置するハウジング５部には、排出口７が設けられている。一方、整流子１１とコア２２との間のコイルエンド１０の外周には、コイルエンド１０と適当な距離を保った金属製の放熱板４が設けられている。この放熱板４は、図５に示すように厚み０．５ｍｍ程の鉄板を絞り加工でカップ状に成形した筒部４ｃを有しており、その一端４ａは、ステータ３のマグネットに吸い付けられ保持され、且つ他端４ｂは、カーボンブロック８の穴８ｄに嵌合する。また、カーボンブロック８は、内側に整流子１１と約６〜８ｍｍ程の一定の距離を有する円形の壁８ａを有しており、その断面には整流子１１側に広くコイルエンド１０側に狭いテーパ部８ｂが設けられている。更にカーボンブロック８の外周側には、フィルタ１２を挟み込む溝８ｃが設けられており、カーボンブロック８の整流子１１側の外方側に位置するハウジング５には吸入口６が設けられている。なお、フィルタ１２は、吸入口６とカーボンブロック８のテーパ部８ｂとの間に配されている。
【００１２】
カーボンブラシ１７とこのカーボンブラシ１７を保持するカーボンチューブ９は、テーパ穴よりも吸入口６側に配置されているが、テーパ穴端部はカーボンブラシ１７の中ほどまで伸ばしている。一方、放熱板４の一部は図５に示すように舌状に伸びた弾性力を有するプレート部１４を有しており、この舌状の部分には９０°から数度（θ）傾いた形となっている。また、回転数を制御するための変速スイッチには、発熱体となる電子部品（ＦＥＴ）１３を有しており、この電子部品１３は、ハウジング５のリブ５ａと径の細い円柱状の弾性リブ１５との間にプレート部１４を挟み込む形で設けられている。
【００１３】
以下、本実施例における電動工具の冷却効果を説明する。図２中の矢印Ａで示すように、吸入口６からの冷却風の流速を速めるために、カーボンブロック８に整流子１１外径から約８ｍｍの狭い開口部を有する円形の壁を設け冷却風を廻りこませ、狭い空間で流速を早め、カーボンブラシ１７、カーボンチューブ９に流速の速い冷却風を吹きつけている。また、流速の速い冷却風は、カーボンブロック８と放熱板４との内径を通し、発熱の高いアマチュアコイルエンド１０に吹き付けられる。これにより、熱源であるカーボンブラシ１７、アマチュアコイルエンド１０の温度上昇を効果的に抑制することができる。
【００１４】
カーボンブロック８の壁の内側を吸入口６側が広いラッパ状のテーパにし、且つ放熱板４をアマチュアコイルエンド１０に沿った形状にすることで、急激な断面積変化による圧力損失を低減させてスムーズに冷却風を流せるため、風量の減少を防ぐことができる。また、放熱板４とカーボンブロック８とを嵌合させることで、冷却風を拡散させることなくガイドし、熱源であるアマチュアコイルエンド１０まで一続きに貫通させて吹きつけられるため、冷却効率の向上が図れる。また、放熱板４とカーボンブロック８とを嵌合させるもうひとつの利点として組立性が向上が挙げられる。因みに従来技術では、ステータ３とカーボンブロック８とが分離していたために、一度に３部品の軸の中心を合わせながら同時に持って組み込まなければならず（アマチュア１はステータ３の磁力によって引き寄せられるため、かなり難しい作業である）、カーボンブロック８に取りつけているカーボンチューブ９でアマチュア１に取りつけている整流子１１を傷つけてしまう場合があった。
【００１５】
放熱板４は、アマチュア１からの放射熱により温度上昇するステータ３を効率良く冷却する。また、冷却風といっしょに鉄粉などが侵入した場合には、鉄粉が、アマチュアコイルエンド１０に衝突し、円周方向にはじきとばされることを利用して、ステータ３の磁力によって放熱板に吸着させ、鉄粉がアマチュア１とステータ３との間に侵入する量を低減し故障を少なくさせている。粉塵対策のもうひとつとしては、カーボンブロック８の壁の外周に網状のフィルタ１２を取りつけることで、ハウジング５の吸入口６近くで、ステープルなどの比較的大きな異物の侵入を阻止する。これにより、カーボンブラシ１７と整流子１１との間に異物が入るのを防げるので、モータを安定して運転することができる。また、放熱板４の材質をアルミニウムなどの熱伝導の良いものを使用することで、放熱性を向上させることもできる。また、放熱板４は、上述したこと以外に電子部品１３を冷却している。因みに従来技術では、変速スイッチのＦＥＴなどの電子部品１３の冷却は、モータのケーシング２２の外側にアルミニウム製のヒートシンク２３を設け、電子部品１３をねじ１６で固定していた。しかし、本発明では、図１のように放熱板４は、モータの冷却風の風路を形成しているため、冷却効率は高く、従ってこれに付く電子部品１３の冷却効果も非常に高い。
【００１６】
また、電動工具使用時の振動に対しても、電子部品１３の冷却を安定させるために、放熱板４と電子部品１３の密着性を向上させよう構成した。放熱板４のプレート部１４をある角度で曲げ、ばね性をもたせ、且つハウジング５に径の細い円柱状のリブ１５（変形可能なリブであれば形状は何でも良い）をたて放熱板４と同様にばね性もたせ、挟み込む構造とする。放熱板４のプレート部１４のばね力とハウジングの径の細い円柱状のリブ１５のばね力で、電子部品１３を両方向から付勢するので、電動工具使用時の振動に対しても、追従して放熱板４と電子部品１３を密着させることができ、安定して電子部品１３を冷却させることができる。これにより、ねじ１６を付けたりヒートシンクにねじ穴加工するなどの必要がなくなるため安価に製造することができる。また、もうひとつの利点として、電子部品１３を放熱板４とハウジング５の間に組み込む時に、放熱板４のプレート部１４とハウジング５の径の細い円柱状のリブ１５が外側に変形してくれるので、組み立てが容易となる。
【００１７】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、吸入口とカーボンブラシとの間に整流子外径とある空間を有する円周に沿った壁を設けることで、冷却風を廻りこませ、狭い空間で流速を高くし、熱源であるカーボンブラシ、アマチュアコイルエンドの温度上昇を効果的に抑制することができる。
【００１８】
また、カーボンブロックの壁の内径をテーパにし、且つ放熱板をアマチュアコイルエンドに沿った形状にすることで、急激な断面積変化による圧力損失を低減させてスムーズに冷却風を流せるため、風量の減少を防ぐことができる。
【００１９】
また、放熱板とカーボンブロックを嵌合させることで、冷却風を拡散させることなくガイドし、熱源であるアマチュアコイルエンドまで一続きに貫通させて吹きつけられるため、冷却効率を向上することができる。更に放熱板とカーボンブロックを嵌合させることで、放熱板とカーボンブロックがひとつの組部品となるので、組立性が向上する。
【００２０】
また、カーボンブロックに網状のフィルタをとりつけることで、ハウジングの吸込口近くで、ステープルなどの比較的大きな異物の侵入を阻止し、モータを安定して運転することができる。
【００２１】
また、放熱板に電子部品取付部を設けて電子部品を冷却するため、放熱板が風路を形成しているので、冷却効率は高く、電子部品を効果的に冷却することができる。更に放熱板のプレート部をある角度で曲げ、ハウジングに円柱状のリブをたて、バネ性を持たせ、放熱板のプレート部とハウジングの円柱状のリブで電子部品を挟み込むことで、電動工具使用時の振動に対し、追従して放熱板と電子部品を密着させることができ、安定して電子部品を冷却することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 図１は本発明になる電動工具のモータ部周辺を示す一部省略縦断側面図である。
【図２】 図１は本発明になる電動工具のモータ部周辺における風路
を示す一部省略縦断側面図である。
【図３】 図１及び図２の一部省略縦断平面図である。
【図４】 本発明になる電動工具のカーボンブロックを示しており、（ａ）はその正面図、（ｂ）はその側面図、（ｃ）はその背面図である。
【図５】、図５は本発明になる電動工具の放熱板を示しており、（ａ）はその正面図、（ｂ）はその側面図である。
【図６】 従来の電動工具のモータ部周辺を示す一部省略縦断側面図である。
【図７】 従来の電動工具のモータ部周辺における風路を示す一部省略縦断側面図である。
【図８】 従来の電動工具の他のモータ部周辺を示す一部省略縦断側面図である。
【図９】 従来の電動工具の他のモータ部周辺における風路を示す一部省略縦断側面図である。
【符号の説明】
１はアマチュア、２は冷却ファン、４は放熱板、６は吸込口、７は排出口、８はカーボンブロック、１０はアマチュアコイルエンド、１７はカーボンブラシである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cooling air passage in an electric tool such as an impact driver having a cooling fan.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional power tool will be described with reference to FIGS. The conventional power tool shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 has a substantially T shape, and the main body body portion formed by the split housing 5 (hereinafter referred to as the housing) that forms the power tool main body includes: A motor that is a driving source, a speed reduction mechanism portion, and the like are disposed, and a trigger switch that supplies electric power to the motor is disposed on the handle portion that hangs down from the main body body portion. Further, a carbon brush block 8 for holding a carbon brush 17 for supplying electric power to the motor armature 1 is disposed on the body body, and the carbon brush block 8 is sandwiched by a housing 5. And held in a predetermined position of the housing 5. In addition, ribs 5 a are formed in the housing 5 in order to accommodate and position the stator 3. In addition, since the left side surface portion of the stator 3 is supported by the rib 5a, the air sucked from the suction port 21 provided in the housing 5 is blocked by the rib 5a and the stator 3, and is indicated by an arrow B 'in FIG. As described above, after flowing to the right side in FIG. 7 along the outer peripheral side wall of the stator 3, it flows to the left side in FIG. 7 between the stator 3 and the armature 1, and is then discharged out of the housing 5 from the discharge port 7. . The carbon brush block 8 includes a carbon tube 9, a carbon cap 18, a lead wire 19, and the like. The carbon brush block 8 is arranged so that the carbon brush 17 can be attached and detached from the outside of the housing 5. .
[0003]
Further, a cooling fan 2 is provided on the non-output side of the amateur 1, and when the cooling fan 2 rotates, air around the cooling fan 2 is discharged out of the housing 5 through a discharge port 7 provided in the housing 5. Therefore, the inside of the housing 5 becomes negative pressure and a pressure difference is generated inside and outside the housing 5, and air flows into the housing 5 from the suction ports 20 and 21 provided in the housing 5. The amateur 1, the carbon brush 17, the carbon tube 9 and the like are cooled by this air flow (arrows B and B 'in FIG. 7). The air flowing into the housing 5 from the suction port 20 is mainly used for cooling the commutator 11, the carbon brush 17, the carbon tube 9, etc., and the air flowing into the housing 5 from the suction port 21 is It is mainly used for cooling the amateur 1 which is a heat source.
[0004]
8 and 9 has a substantially T-shape, and the body body portion formed by the housing 5 forming the power tool body has a motor and a deceleration as a driving source. A mechanism part and the like are arranged, and a trigger switch for supplying electric power to the motor is arranged on the handle part hanging from the main body body part. A carbon brush block 8 for holding a carbon brush 17 for supplying electric power to the motor armature 1 is disposed on the main body body, and the carbon brush block 8 includes the armature 1 and the stator 3. It is provided in the casing 22 that houses it.
[0005]
Further, a cooling fan 2 is provided on the non-output side of the amateur 1, and when the cooling fan 2 rotates, air around the cooling fan 2 is discharged out of the casing 22 from the discharge port 7 provided in the casing 22. Therefore, the inside of the casing 22 becomes negative pressure and a pressure difference is generated inside and outside the casing 22, and air flows into the casing 22 from the suction ports 6 and 6 ′ provided in the casing 22. The amateur 1, the carbon brush 17, the carbon tube 9 and the like are cooled by this air flow (arrows C and C 'in FIG. 9).
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the cooling configuration of the electric power tool shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the air for cooling the amateur (arrow B ′ in FIG. 7) flows through the outer periphery of the stator, so the air path (distance) from the suction port to the amateur Since the pressure loss increases and the pressure loss increases, there is a problem in that the cooling efficiency decreases and the amateur burns out early.
[0007]
Further, in the cooling configuration of the electric power tool shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, since the air for cooling the amateur is not an air passage that flows through the outer periphery of the stator, the amateur is cooled by the air flow indicated by the arrow C in FIG. be able to. However, since air flowing into the casing from the suction port on the carbon brush side (arrow C ′ in FIG. 9) flows into a wide space formed by the casing and the carbon brush or the like, the flow velocity decreases, and the commutator, Since the cooling air cannot be strongly applied to the carbon brush and the carbon tube, heat generation of the carbon brush and the carbon tube cannot be suppressed, and the carbon cap and the like are melted.
[0008]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, to reliably cool the periphery of the motor unit, and to reduce the pressure loss, thereby extending the life of the electric tool.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The object is to provide a motor comprising an armature and a stator, a cooling fan provided on the rotating shaft of the motor, a motor and carbon brush part cooled by the cooling fan, a housing containing the carbon brush part and the motor, and a housing. In the electric power tool provided with the cooling air suction port and the discharge port provided, the carbon brush portion is arranged with a cylindrical side wall between the suction port and the commutator of the motor, and is arranged on the outer diameter side of the commutator. This is achieved by providing a cylindrical side wall with a tapered portion which is wide on the commutator side and narrow on the coil end side, and a metal heat sink which engages with the carbon brush portion between the carbon brush portion and the coil end. .
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The electric tool in a present Example is demonstrated using FIGS. 1 and 2 are partially omitted vertical side views showing the periphery of the motor portion of the electric power tool in this embodiment, FIG. 3 is a partially omitted vertical plan view of FIGS. 1 and 2, and FIG. 4 is a carbon brush in this embodiment. The carbon block 8 which comprises the part is shown, (a) is the front view, (b) is the side view, (c) is the rear view, FIG. 5 has shown the heat sink 4 in a present Example. (A) is the front view, (b) is the side view.
[0011]
1 to 3, an amateur 1 having a pinion 20 is housed in a split housing 5 (hereinafter referred to as a housing) in a state in which both ends thereof are rotatably held by bearings. On the outside of the core 22, a stator 3 composed of a two-pole magnet attached to a cylindrical iron ring is disposed. A centrifugal fan 2 fixed to a shaft 21 is provided between the core portion 22 and the pinion 20 of the amateur 1, and a discharge port is provided in a housing 5 portion located on the outer side of the centrifugal fan 2. 7 is provided. On the other hand, on the outer periphery of the coil end 10 between the commutator 11 and the core 22, a metal heat radiating plate 4 that is kept at an appropriate distance from the coil end 10 is provided. As shown in FIG. 5, the heat radiating plate 4 has a cylindrical portion 4 c in which a steel plate having a thickness of about 0.5 mm is formed into a cup shape by drawing, and one end 4 a is attracted to the magnet of the stator 3. The other end 4 b is held in the hole 8 d of the carbon block 8. The carbon block 8 has a circular wall 8a having a constant distance of about 6 to 8 mm with the commutator 11 on the inner side, and its cross section is wide on the commutator 11 side and narrow on the coil end 10 side. A tapered portion 8b is provided. Further, a groove 8 c that sandwiches the filter 12 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the carbon block 8, and a suction port 6 is provided in the housing 5 located on the outer side of the carbon block 8 on the commutator 11 side. The filter 12 is disposed between the suction port 6 and the taper portion 8 b of the carbon block 8.
[0012]
The carbon brush 17 and the carbon tube 9 that holds the carbon brush 17 are disposed on the suction port 6 side of the taper hole, but the end of the taper hole extends to the middle of the carbon brush 17. On the other hand, a part of the heat radiating plate 4 has a plate portion 14 having elastic force extending in a tongue shape as shown in FIG. 5, and the tongue-shaped portion is inclined from 90 ° to several degrees (θ). It is in shape. The speed change switch for controlling the number of revolutions has an electronic component (FET) 13 as a heating element. The electronic component 13 includes a rib 5a of the housing 5 and a cylindrical elastic rib having a small diameter. 15 is provided in such a manner that the plate portion 14 is sandwiched between them.
[0013]
Hereinafter, the cooling effect of the electric power tool in the present embodiment will be described. As shown by an arrow A in FIG. 2, in order to increase the flow velocity of the cooling air from the suction port 6, the carbon block 8 is provided with a circular wall having a narrow opening of about 8 mm from the outer diameter of the commutator 11. , The flow velocity is increased in a narrow space, and the cooling air having a high flow velocity is blown to the carbon brush 17 and the carbon tube 9. Moreover, the cooling air having a high flow velocity passes through the inner diameters of the carbon block 8 and the heat radiating plate 4 and is blown to the amateur coil end 10 that generates high heat. Thereby, the temperature rise of the carbon brush 17 and the amateur coil end 10 which are heat sources can be suppressed effectively.
[0014]
By making the inside of the wall of the carbon block 8 a trumpet-shaped taper that has a wide inlet 6 side, and the heat sink 4 is shaped along the armature coil end 10, pressure loss due to a sudden change in cross-sectional area is reduced and smooth. Since the cooling air can be flown through, the air volume can be prevented from decreasing. In addition, by fitting the heat sink 4 and the carbon block 8, the cooling air can be guided without being diffused and can be blown continuously through the armature coil end 10 as a heat source, thereby improving the cooling efficiency. Can be planned. Another advantage of fitting the heat sink 4 and the carbon block 8 is improved assembly. Incidentally, in the prior art, since the stator 3 and the carbon block 8 are separated from each other, the shafts of the three parts must be held at the same time while being integrated (the amateur 1 is attracted by the magnetic force of the stator 3). The carbon tube 9 attached to the carbon block 8 may damage the commutator 11 attached to the amateur 1.
[0015]
The heat radiating plate 4 efficiently cools the stator 3 that rises in temperature due to the radiant heat from the amateur 1. Further, when iron powder or the like enters with the cooling air, the iron powder collides with the armature coil end 10 and is repelled in the circumferential direction. The amount of the iron powder entering between the amateur 1 and the stator 3 is reduced by adsorbing, and the failure is reduced. As another countermeasure against dust, a net-like filter 12 is attached to the outer periphery of the wall of the carbon block 8 to prevent entry of relatively large foreign matters such as staples near the suction port 6 of the housing 5. Thereby, since it can prevent that a foreign material enters between the carbon brush 17 and the commutator 11, a motor can be drive | operated stably. Moreover, heat dissipation can also be improved by using the material of the heat sink 4 with good heat conduction, such as aluminum. Moreover, the heat sink 4 is cooling the electronic component 13 besides having mentioned above. Incidentally, in the prior art, for cooling the electronic component 13 such as the FET of the speed change switch, an aluminum heat sink 23 is provided outside the motor casing 22 and the electronic component 13 is fixed by the screw 16. However, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the radiator plate 4 forms a cooling air passage for the motor, so that the cooling efficiency is high, and therefore the cooling effect of the electronic component 13 attached thereto is also very high.
[0016]
Moreover, in order to stabilize the cooling of the electronic component 13 against vibration when using the electric tool, the adhesiveness between the heat sink 4 and the electronic component 13 is improved. The plate portion 14 of the heat radiating plate 4 is bent at a certain angle so as to have a spring property, and the housing 5 is formed with a cylindrical rib 15 having a small diameter (any shape may be used as long as it is a deformable rib). In the same manner, the structure is sandwiched between springs. The electronic component 13 is urged from both directions by the spring force of the plate portion 14 of the heat radiating plate 4 and the cylindrical rib 15 having a thin housing diameter, so that it follows the vibration when using the power tool. The heat sink 4 and the electronic component 13 can be brought into close contact with each other, and the electronic component 13 can be cooled stably. This eliminates the need for attaching the screw 16 or machining a screw hole in the heat sink, and thus can be manufactured at low cost. As another advantage, when the electronic component 13 is assembled between the heat sink 4 and the housing 5, the plate portion 14 of the heat sink 4 and the thin cylindrical rib 15 of the housing 5 are deformed outward. Therefore, assembly becomes easy.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, by providing a wall along the circumference having a space with a commutator outer diameter between the suction port and the carbon brush, the cooling air is introduced, the flow velocity is increased in a narrow space, The temperature rise of the carbon brush and the amateur coil end that are heat sources can be effectively suppressed.
[0018]
In addition, by tapering the inner diameter of the wall of the carbon block and making the heat sink shape along the armature coil end, pressure loss due to sudden cross-sectional area change can be reduced and the cooling air can flow smoothly. Reduction can be prevented.
[0019]
In addition, by fitting the heat sink and the carbon block, the cooling air can be guided without diffusing and can be blown continuously through the armature coil end, which is a heat source, so that the cooling efficiency can be improved. . Furthermore, by fitting the heat sink and the carbon block, the heat sink and the carbon block become one assembled part, so that the assemblability is improved.
[0020]
Further, by attaching a net-like filter to the carbon block, it is possible to prevent relatively large foreign matter such as staples from entering near the suction port of the housing and to operate the motor stably.
[0021]
In addition, since the electronic component mounting portion is provided on the heat radiating plate to cool the electronic component, the heat radiating plate forms an air path, so that the cooling efficiency is high and the electronic component can be effectively cooled. In addition, the plate part of the heat sink is bent at a certain angle, a cylindrical rib is formed on the housing to provide springiness, and the electronic parts are sandwiched between the plate part of the heat sink and the cylindrical rib of the housing, thereby The heat sink and the electronic component can be brought into close contact with the vibration during use, and the electronic component can be cooled stably.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially omitted vertical side view showing the periphery of a motor part of an electric power tool according to the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a partially omitted vertical side view showing an air path around a motor portion of an electric power tool according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partially omitted vertical plan view of FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG.
4A and 4B show carbon blocks of an electric power tool according to the present invention, in which FIG. 4A is a front view thereof, FIG. 4B is a side view thereof, and FIG. 4C is a rear view thereof.
FIG. 5 shows a heat radiating plate of an electric power tool according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a front view thereof and (b) is a side view thereof.
FIG. 6 is a partially omitted vertical side view showing the periphery of a motor portion of a conventional electric tool.
FIG. 7 is a partially omitted vertical side view showing an air path around a motor portion of a conventional electric tool.
FIG. 8 is a partially omitted vertical side view showing the periphery of another motor part of a conventional electric tool.
FIG. 9 is a partially omitted vertical side view showing an air passage around another motor part of a conventional electric tool.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 is an amateur, 2 is a cooling fan, 4 is a heat sink, 6 is a suction port, 7 is a discharge port, 8 is a carbon block, 10 is an amateur coil end, and 17 is a carbon brush.

Claims (5)

アマチュア及びステータから成るモータと、該モータの回転軸に設けられた冷却ファンと、該冷却ファンにより冷却される前記モータ及びカーボンブラシ部と、該カーボンブラシ部及び前記モータを収容するハウジングと、該ハウジングに設けた前記冷却風の吸入口及び排出口とを備えた電動工具において、前記カーボンブラシ部は、前記吸入口と前記モータの整流子との間に円筒状側壁をもって配されており、前記整流子の外径側に位置する該円筒状側壁に前記整流子側に広くコイルエンド側に狭いテーパ部を設け、前記カーボンブラシ部と前記コイルエンドとの間に前記カーボンブラシ部と係合する金属製の放熱板を設けることを特徴とする電動工具。A motor composed of an amateur and a stator; a cooling fan provided on a rotating shaft of the motor; the motor and carbon brush part cooled by the cooling fan; a housing accommodating the carbon brush part and the motor; In the electric tool including the cooling air suction port and the discharge port provided in the housing, the carbon brush portion is disposed with a cylindrical side wall between the suction port and the commutator of the motor, A tapered portion which is wide on the commutator side and narrow on the coil end side is provided on the cylindrical side wall located on the outer diameter side of the commutator, and engages with the carbon brush part between the carbon brush part and the coil end. An electric tool comprising a metal heat sink. 前記カーボンブラシ部及び前記放熱板と前記アマチュアとの間に風路を形成し、且つ前記放熱板を前記アマチュアのコイルエンドに沿った形状とすることを特徴とする請求項1記載の電動工具。2. The electric tool according to claim 1, wherein an air passage is formed between the carbon brush portion and the heat radiating plate and the amateur, and the heat radiating plate has a shape along a coil end of the amateur. 前記ステータに磁力により吸着される前記放熱板は、前記カーボンブラシ部との係合部と、角度θを有する弾性プレート部とを有することを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２の何れかに記載の電動工具。3. The heat radiating plate attracted by the magnetic force to the stator has an engaging portion with the carbon brush portion and an elastic plate portion having an angle θ. The electric tool described. 前記プレート部と前記ハウジング内に設けた円柱状の弾性リブとの間に電子部品を設けることを特徴とする請求項１記載の電動工具。The electric tool according to claim 1, wherein an electronic component is provided between the plate portion and a cylindrical elastic rib provided in the housing. 前記カーボンブラシ部に網状のフィルタを設けることを特徴とする請求項１記載の電動工具。The electric tool according to claim 1, wherein a net-like filter is provided on the carbon brush portion.
JP2001058626A 2001-03-02 2001-03-02 Electric tool Expired - Lifetime JP3711877B2 (en)

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JP2001058626A JP3711877B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2001-03-02 Electric tool
CNB2005101247411A CN100435452C (en) 2001-03-02 2002-02-28 Motor-driven tool
CNB021053901A CN1288824C (en) 2001-03-02 2002-02-28 Motor driving tool
US10/085,627 US6661148B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-01 Motor-driven tool
DE10209097.1A DE10209097B4 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-01 Motorized tool
TW091103746A TW505557B (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-01 Motor-driven tool
US10/634,814 US7323796B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2003-08-06 Motor-driven tool

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US6661148B2 (en) 2003-12-09
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