JP2000180058A - Carbonizer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbonizer which can carry inputted processing material into a carbonizing furnace, and perform the carbonizing processing after carriage with low energy, and also can be downsized. SOLUTION: This carbonizer is equipped with an input hopper 12 wherein processing material is inputted, and a carbonizing furnace 14 which is connected to the input hopper 12 by a send-in pipe 13 and has a heat source and heats and carbonizes the processing material. Moreover, a water-sealing tank 31, and, through the tank 31A, a vacuum pump 18 are connected to the carbonizing furnace 14. The processing material is carried from the input hopper 12 to the carbonizing furnace 14 by the suction from the vacuum pump 18.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a carbonizing apparatus for carbonizing a processing material such as garbage, and more particularly, to a transfer of the processing material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this type of carbonizing apparatus, there is one described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-189762.

[0003] The carbonization apparatus described in this publication mainly includes
A hopper into which the processing material is charged, a carbonization furnace having a heat source for carbonizing the processing material, and a cooling tank connected to the carbonization furnace and cooling exhaust gas from the carbonization furnace are provided. The processing material charged into the hopper is transported to the carbonization furnace by water injected from a water inlet provided in the hopper.

[0004]

However, when the processing material is conveyed by water, the processing material sent to the carbonization furnace contains a large amount of water. In order to carbonize the processing material, it is indispensable to remove water, and there is a problem that a large amount of energy is required to remove excess water required for transportation.

[0005] In order to transport without using water, it is conceivable to use mechanical transport means such as a screw or a conveyor, but there is a problem that the apparatus becomes large.

[0006] Further, the carbonization furnace is often heated to a high temperature because of being preheated or subjected to continuous batch processing, and it is necessary that the transportation means be able to withstand the high temperature. Furthermore, it is necessary to prevent odors and the like generated during transportation from being diffused into the atmosphere.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and the invention according to claims 1 to 5 conveys a charged processing material to a carbonization furnace and performs carbonization processing after the conveyance with low energy. It is an object of the present invention to provide a carbonizing device capable of reducing the size of the device.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is characterized in that an input port into which a processing material is input, and the input port is connected to the input port by a feed pipe. And a carbonization furnace having a heat source and heating and carbonizing the processing material, wherein a vacuum pump is connected to the carbonization furnace via a cooling device, and the carbonization furnace is supplied from the inlet by suction from the vacuum pump. The processing material is transported to the substrate.

The invention according to a second aspect is characterized in that, in the first aspect, the cooling device applies shower water to exhaust gas from the carbonization furnace.

[0010] Spray water is applied to the exhaust gas from the carbonization furnace to cool the exhaust gas, and at the same time, showers the odor generated from the charging port and the carbonization furnace, harmful substances and dust remaining in the carbonization furnace. Tapping with water prevents them from diffusing into the atmosphere.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, an exhaust treatment device is connected to the cooling device, and switching means is provided between the cooling device and the exhaust treatment device. The vacuum pump is connected,
By the switching of the switching means, during the transfer of the processing material, the vacuum pump is connected between the cooling device and the exhaust processing device to suck the inside of the carbonization furnace by the vacuum pump and to send the exhaust from the vacuum pump to the exhaust processing device. During the exhaust treatment from the carbonization furnace, the cooling device and the exhaust treatment device are directly connected, and the exhaust gas is exhausted from the carbonization furnace to the exhaust treatment device through the cooling device.

During processing material transfer, a vacuum pump is connected between the cooling device and the exhaust processing device, and the heat from the carbonizing furnace is cooled by the cooling device to protect the vacuum pump, and the exhaust from the vacuum pump is discharged. It is sent to an exhaust treatment device and processed by the exhaust treatment device.

In the exhaust treatment, the cooling device and the exhaust treatment device are directly connected, and the exhaust from the carbonization furnace is treated by the exhaust treatment device.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention, the exhaust treatment device applies shower water to the exhaust gas.

In the exhaust treatment apparatus, odor, harmful substances and dust remaining in the carbonization furnace are hit with shower water to prevent them from diffusing into the atmosphere.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the carbonization apparatus further includes a discharge port connected to a carbonization furnace, and the discharge port includes the cooling port. The vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum pump via a device, and the carbonized material is transported from the carbonization furnace to the discharge port by suction from the vacuum pump.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an overall view showing the entire configuration of a carbonizing apparatus according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the configuration.
The carbonization device 10 includes a charging hopper 12 (a charging port) with a lid into which a processing material such as garbage is charged, and a carbonization furnace 14 connected to the charging hopper 12 via a feed pipe 13 to carbonize the processing material. Exhaust treatment device 30 connected to carbonization furnace 14
, A vacuum pump 18 for transporting the processing material, and a discharge hopper 44 (discharge port) connected to the bottom of the carbonizing furnace 14 via an air cylinder 42. The inlet pipe 13 is provided with a valve V1 for conducting / non-conducting the conduit.

The carbonization furnace 14 has a heater 20 as a heat source around the outer wall of the furnace side wall. In the carbonization furnace 14,
A stirring member 21 for stirring the processing material is provided,
It is adapted to be rotated by a motor 22 above the carbonization furnace 14. A rotating plate (not shown) for efficiently draining the carbonizing furnace 14 is provided at the bottom of the carbonizing furnace 14, and is rotated by a motor 23 below the carbonizing furnace 14.

The exhaust treatment device 30 includes four series-connected exhaust treatment devices.
One of the tanks is connected to the carbonization furnace 14 first, and the tank also serves as a water seal tank 31 for controlling the pressure of the carbonization furnace 14.

The water seal tank 31 is a conductive pipe 25 connecting the upper part of the carbonizing furnace 14 and the middle part of the water seal tank 31 in the vertical direction.
Further, it is communicated with the carbonizing furnace 14 through a drain pipe 26 that connects a lower portion of the carbonizing furnace 14 and a vertically intermediate portion of the water sealing tank 31. Has been introduced to. The drain pipe 26 is provided with a valve V6 for conducting / disconnecting the conduit.

Of the remaining tanks 31A, 31B and 31C, the tank 31A is the upper part of the water seal tank 31 and the tank 3A.
The tank 31B is communicated with the water seal tank 31 via a conductive tube 32A connecting the middle part of the tank 1A in the vertical direction.
The tank 31A communicates with the tank 31A via a conductive tube 32B that connects the upper part of the tank 31A and the vertical middle part of the tank 31B, and the tank 31C connects the upper part of the tank 31B and the vertical middle part of the tank 31C. The tank 31B is communicated with the tank 31B via the conduit 32C. The conduit V is provided with a valve V2 for conducting / non-conducting the conduit.

Each of the tanks 31, 31A, 31B,
At the upper part of 31C, a watering nozzle 36 is provided,
Shower water is applied to gas in each tank by external water supply (not shown). Below the watering nozzle 36 in each tank, there are provided a number of protrusions 38 having a protrusion frame for receiving the shower water from the watering nozzle 36 and increasing the surface area of the water. The projection 38 does not prevent the gas flow.

Further, water 40 is stored in the lower part of each tank. The water 40 communicates between the tanks. That is, the water 40 in the water-sealed tank 31 is introduced into the tank 31A via the conduit 34A, and the water 40 having a predetermined water level or higher is supplied from the tank 31A via the conduit 34B. Is connected to the tank 31B via the conduit 34B.
To the tank 31C via the conduit 34C. Further, a drain pipe 35 is provided in the tank 31C, and water 40 having a predetermined water level or higher is discharged through the drain pipe 35.

The vacuum pump 18 is connected to a branch pipe 39 branched from the conduction pipe 32B. The suction port of the vacuum pump 18 is connected to the tank 31A via the direction switching valve V3. The discharge port is connected to the tank 31B via the valve V4. These direction switching valves V3 and V4 constitute switching means.

The discharge hopper 44 can communicate with the inside of the carbonization furnace 14 by operating the air cylinder 42. Further, the discharge hopper 44 is connected to the water seal tank 31 via the conduit 45. The conduction pipe 45 is provided with a valve V5 for conducting / non-conducting the conduit.

The operation of the carbonizing apparatus 10 configured as described above will be described below.

First, when a processing material such as garbage which has been crushed to a certain size in advance is put into the hopper 12, the valves V1, V2 and V4 are opened, the valve V6 is closed, and the direction switching valve V3 is opened. Then, the suction port of the vacuum pump 18 is connected to the tank 31A, and the discharge port of the vacuum pump 18 is connected to the tank 31B. When the vacuum pump 18 operates, the tank 31
A, suction is performed via the conductive pipe 32A, the water seal tank 31, and the conductive pipe 25, and the processing material is vacuum-transported through the feed pipe 13 and fed into the carbonization furnace 14. The exhaust from the vacuum pump 18 is supplied to the tanks 31B and 31B.
It is sequentially sent to C. Water seal tank 31 and tank 31
In A, 31B, and 31C, the shower water is discharged from the watering nozzle 36. Therefore, even if the carbonization furnace 14 is maintained at a high temperature, the hot air passing through the conduit 25 from the carbonization furnace 14 is showered in the water seal tank 31 and the tank 31A and sufficiently cooled. And is sent to the vacuum pump 18.
8 is not damaged by heat. Therefore, at this time, the water seal tank 31 and the tank 31A function as a cooling device.

At the same time, the odor emitted from the processing material, or harmful substances such as dioxin, charcoal, dust and the like remaining in the carbonizing furnace 14 are transferred to the water sealing tank 31 or the tank 31A via the conduit 25 or the drain 26. However, the water is beaten by the shower water and adheres to the protrusions 38 or is mixed in the water 40 in the water seal tank 31. Therefore, the water seal tank 31 and the tank 31A function not only as a cooling device but also as an exhaust treatment device as described above.

Further, the tanks 31B and 31C function as an exhaust treatment device, and the exhaust from the vacuum pump 18 is similarly hit with shower water in these tanks 31B and 31C, and odors and the like diffuse into the atmosphere. To prevent them from doing so.

When the feeding into the carbonization furnace 14 is completed, the valves V1 and V2 are closed, the valve V6 is opened, and the valve V
4 is closed, the directional control valve V3 is switched, and the vacuum pump 18 is isolated from the carbonization furnace 14.

The carbonizing furnace 14 is heated by a heater 20, and a stirring member 21 is rotated in the carbonizing furnace 14. In the carbonization furnace 14, the processing material is agitated by the stirring member 21 and contacts the furnace side wall surface of the carbonization furnace 14, where heat is transferred and heated.

Until the processing material reaches the boiling point of water, the valve V2 remains closed. Since the steam generated from the processing material in the carbonizing furnace 14 is introduced into the water sealing tank 31 through the conduit tube 25, the pressure in the carbonizing furnace 14 and the water sealing tank 31 increases. As the pressure rises, the water 40 in the water ring tank 31 becomes
A, 31B, and 31C are sequentially introduced. The exhaust processing tanks 31A, 31B, and 31C are under atmospheric pressure, and the water level difference corresponding to the difference between the atmospheric pressure and the pressure in the water seal tank 31 is:
Water seal tank 31 and exhaust treatment tanks 31A, 31B, 31
And C. On the other hand, in the water seal tank 31, water is discharged from the watering nozzle 36, and the shower water is applied to the steam to be condensed. When the energy corresponding to the pressure rise and the energy for cooling the steam are balanced, the pressure rise stops and the carbonization furnace 1
4 and the pressure in the water seal tank 31 are kept constant. still,
The pressure in the water seal tank 31 rises abnormally,
When the water level falls below the conduit 34A, the water seal tank 31
The gas passes through the conduit 34A and enters the water 40 of the tank 31A, so that a pressure rise more than the pressure difference corresponding to the height difference between the height of the conduit 34A and the water level of the tank 31A is prevented. ing.

Thus, the carbonizing furnace 14 and the water seal tank 31
At a constant pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure,
By applying pressure, it is possible to 1) shorten the time required to reach the boiling point, 2) reduce the temperature difference between the surface and the inside of the processing material, and 3) directly squeeze out moisture from the processing material. As the constant pressure, for example, 0.03
~ 0.05kgf / cm ²It is good to be set to the order. Ama
If the pressure is higher, the water seal tank 31 and the exhaust treatment tank
In order to secure the water level difference between
1 is required for a long time, and the tank becomes large.
It is good to set to the pressure of the magnitude. This setting is
By adjusting the cooling energy,
Can be performed as appropriate. In this way, pressurizing
Processing with less energy and in a shorter time
Will be able to By using the water seal tank 31
Pressure can be adjusted smoothly and stably.
You.

The water squeezed out of the processing material is discharged to a water seal tank 31 through a water pipe 26 in the carbonization furnace 14.

The carbonization furnace 14 discharges not only water vapor emitted from the processing material but also harmful substances such as wood vinegar vapor, odor, carbon dioxide, and dioxin. These are hit by the shower water from the water spray nozzle 36 of the water seal tank 31 and are attached to the projections 28 or mixed into the water 40 in the water seal tank 31. Therefore, these odors, harmful substances, etc. from the water seal tank 31 are:
It is not released directly to the atmosphere.

After the processing material reaches the boiling point, the valve V2
To open the water seal tank 31 and the carbonization furnace 14 to atmospheric pressure. The exhaust gas from the carbonization furnace 14 passes through the shower water from the water spray nozzle 36 of the water seal tank 31 and passes through the conduit tube 32.
Through A, they are sequentially introduced into tanks 31A, 31B and 31C. In these tanks 31A, 31B, 31C, the exhaust gas also passes through the shower water from the watering nozzle 36. These water seal tank 31, tank 31A,
In 31B and 31C, harmful substances such as odor, carbon dioxide, or dioxin contained in the exhaust gas are attached to the projections 38 or mixed into the water 40 by the exhaust gas passing through the shower water, It is processed and discharged from the exhaust port 32D of the tank 31C. At this time, the water seal tank 31, and the tanks 31A, 31B, and 31C all function as an exhaust treatment device.

Thereafter, the heating is continued, and when the processing material reaches the spontaneous carbonization phenomenon start temperature (about 160 to 185 ° C.), the heating of the carbonization furnace 14 is stopped. When the temperature reaches the spontaneous carbonization start temperature, spontaneous carbonization proceeds due to thermal decomposition,
Even without heating, the temperature of the processing material rises, leaving carbides that have become fine particles.

When discharging the carbide to the discharge hopper 44, the valves V4 and V5 are opened, the valve V6 is closed, the direction switching valve V3 is switched, and the suction port of the vacuum pump 18 is connected to the tank 31A. The outlet of the vacuum pump 18 is connected to the tank 31B, and the air cylinder 42 is operated. Next, when the vacuum pump 18 is operated, the tank 31A and the conduit 3
2A, suction is performed through the water seal tank 31 and the conduit 45, and the carbide remaining at the bottom of the carbonization furnace 14 passes through the air cylinder 42 and is fed into the discharge hopper 44.
At this time, the water seal tank 31 and the tanks 31A, 31B,
In 31C, shower water is discharged from the watering nozzle 36, and the hot air from the carbonizing furnace 14 is sufficiently cooled in the water seal tank 31 and the tank 31A, so that the vacuum pump 18 is not damaged. In addition, odors, harmful substances, etc. are also determined in the water seal tank 31 and the tanks 31A,
B and 31C are not diffused because they are hit by the shower water.

In this manner, a significantly smaller amount of carbide can be taken out from the discharge hopper 44 as compared with the material to be processed before the carbonization.

The above series of procedures can be completely automated.

Since the vacuum pump 18 is provided, the vacuum pump 18 is operated when clogging of the pipes such as the feed pipe 13, the conduction pipes 25 and 32A or when dust adheres to the pipe wall. Then, clogs and dust can be sucked out and cleaned. By incorporating this dust suction operation into the above-described series of carbonization processes, maintenance becomes easy.

Further, for maintenance, the carbonizing furnace 1
4. When opening the input hopper 12, the discharge hopper 44, and the like, the vacuum pump 18 is operated to suck the odor into the water seal tank 31 and the tank 31A, whereby the odor is diffused into the atmosphere. Can be prevented.

By providing the vacuum pump 18, the connection between the charging hopper 12 and the carbonizing furnace 14 only needs to be connected by the feed pipe 13, and the entire carbonizing apparatus 10 can be reduced in size. By making the feed pipe 13 a flexible pipe as shown, the size of the carbonizing device 10 can be further reduced.

[0045]

As described above, claims 1 to 5
According to the described invention, since the processing material is transported by suction from the vacuum pump, it is not necessary to use extra water for transport, and the subsequent carbonization can be performed with low energy.

Further, since the inlet and the carbonization furnace need only be connected by the feed pipe, the entire carbonization apparatus does not increase in size.

Further, since the vacuum pump is connected to the carbonization furnace via the cooling device, it is possible to prevent the vacuum pump from being damaged by heat from the carbonization furnace.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, by applying shower water to the exhaust gas from the carbonization furnace, the exhaust gas can be cooled and the vacuum pump can be protected from heat. The generated odor from the charging port and the carbonizing furnace, and harmful substances and dust remaining in the carbonizing furnace can be prevented from being diffused into the atmosphere by hitting with shower water.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, when transferring the processing material, the vacuum pump is connected between the cooling device and the exhaust processing device, so that the heat from the carbonization furnace is cooled by the cooling device. Since the vacuum pump is protected and the exhaust gas from the vacuum pump is sent to the exhaust treatment device, the exhaust gas can be treated there, and the odor and harmful substances can be prevented from diffusing into the atmosphere.

In the exhaust treatment, the cooling device and the exhaust treatment device are directly connected, and the exhaust gas from the carbonization furnace can be treated by the exhaust treatment device.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the odor, harmful substances, dust and the like remaining in the carbonizing furnace are prevented from diffusing into the atmosphere by hitting with shower water in the exhaust treatment apparatus. be able to.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, even when the carbonized material processed in the carbonization furnace is discharged to the discharge port, the processed material can be transported by suction from the vacuum pump.

Further, since the vacuum pump is connected to the carbonizing furnace via the cooling device, it is possible to prevent the vacuum pump from being damaged by heat from the carbonizing furnace.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall view illustrating an overall configuration of a carbonizing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the carbonizing device of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Carbonization apparatus 12 Input hopper (input port) 13 Inlet pipe 14 Carbonization furnace 18 Vacuum pump 30 Exhaust processing apparatus 31 Water seal tank (cooling apparatus, exhaust processing apparatus) 31A Tank (cooling apparatus, exhaust processing apparatus) 31B Tank (exhaust) Processing unit) 31C tank (exhaust processing unit) 44 discharge hopper (discharge port)

Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Akio Mito 2-16-46 Minami Kamata, Ota-ku, Tokyo Inside Tokimec Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Osamu Hayakawa 2-16-46 Minami-Kamata, Ota-ku Tokyo (72) Inventor Seiichi Kino 4-13-13 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo 1609 F-term in Shibaura Design Office (Reference) 3L113 AC03 AC08 AC21 AC24 AC45 AC46 AC48 AC49 AC54 AC57 AC58 AC63 AC67 AC73 AC79 BA01 CA04 CB02 CB28 CB34 DA02 DA14 DA20 DA21 DA22 DA26 4D004 AA03 AB07 BA03 CA26 CA32 CB50 CC03 DA03 DA06

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A carbonization apparatus comprising: a charging port into which a processing material is charged; and a carbonization furnace connected to the charging port and a feed pipe and having a heat source and heating and carbonizing the processing material. A carbonization apparatus, wherein a vacuum pump is connected to the carbonization furnace via a cooling device, and the processing material is conveyed from the input port to the carbonization furnace by suction from the vacuum pump. 2. The cooling device according to claim 1, wherein shower water is applied to exhaust gas from the carbonization furnace.
The carbonizing device as described. 3. An exhaust treatment device is connected to the cooling device, and the vacuum pump is connected between the cooling device and the exhaust treatment device via a switching means. At the time, the vacuum pump is connected between the cooling device and the exhaust treatment device, and the vacuum pump sucks the inside of the carbonization furnace and sends the exhaust from the vacuum pump to the exhaust treatment device. 3. The carbonization device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling device and the exhaust treatment device are directly connected to each other and exhausted from the carbonization furnace to the exhaust treatment device through the cooling device. 4. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the exhaust treatment device applies shower water to the exhaust gas. 5. The carbonization device further includes a discharge port connected to a carbonization furnace, and the discharge port is connected to the vacuum pump via the cooling device, and is discharged from the carbonization furnace by suction from the vacuum pump. The carbonizing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the carbonized material is transported to the outlet.