JP2012025965A - Oil-forming apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oil-forming apparatus which can efficiently isolate light oil from heavy oil at the time of liquefaction of plastics to oil, and brings wide application.SOLUTION: A second melting cylinder 3 is connected to a first melting cylinder 2, and moreover, an inclined vaporizing part 4 is connected to the second melting cylinder 3. A catalyst cylinder 13 is erected in the vicinity of the upper end of the vaporizing part 4. Vaporized gas from the catalyst cylinder 13 is led to a first condenser 17 cooled by air to collect heavy oil. Gas which is not liquefied in this place is led to a second condenser 18 which is cooled by cooling water to collect light oil. Offgas which is not condensed in both condensers is discharged through a water cylinder.

Description

  The present invention relates to an oil making apparatus for returning plastic to oil.

  2. Description of the Related Art Generally, an oiling apparatus is known for melting plastic to vaporize plastic gas and cooling the vaporized gas to liquefy it.

JP2000-1677

  However, in the above-described prior art, since a mixed oil in which heavy oil and light oil are mixed is collected, the use of the collected mixed oil is narrow and can only be used after burning.

  Therefore, in the oiling apparatus of the present invention, the oiling unit has a melting part for melting the plastic and a vaporizing part for vaporizing the molten plastic, and the plastic vaporized from the vaporizing part is cooled by a condenser and liquefied. In the apparatus, a plurality of the capacitors are provided, and different types of oil are collected by providing a temperature difference in cooling the capacitors.

  Further, the capacitor is composed of a first capacitor and a second capacitor, the first capacitor is cooled with air to liquefy heavy oil, and the second capacitor is cooled with cooling water and not liquefied with the first capacitor. It is preferable to collect light oil by liquefying the liquefied gas.

  Further, off gas that is not liquefied by the second condenser is supplied to each tank connected to each condenser, and then sent into a water bottle, and the vaporized gas is liquefied by adjusting the height of water in the water bottle. It is preferable to adjust the pressure in the system.

  By providing multiple condensers that cool and condense the plastic gas vaporized from the vaporization section and providing a difference in the cooling temperature of each condenser, it is possible to efficiently separate heavy oil from light oil. Light oil as fuel can replace gasoline and kerosene supplied to the engine of the working machine. In particular, if room temperature air is used for the first condenser having a high cooling temperature and room temperature cooling water is used for the second condenser having a low cooling temperature, it is not necessary to provide a special cooling means. Furthermore, the pressure in the liquefaction system of the vaporized gas can be adjusted by sending off-gas into the water bottle and adjusting the height of the water in the water bottle, whereby the gas flow rate flowing in the first and second capacitors 17 and 18 is adjusted. Can be adjusted.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an end configuration diagram of the dissolving part and the vaporizing part. FIG. 3 is a piping diagram of the vaporized gas. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a liquid plastic level gauge. FIG. 5 is a layout diagram of thermometers. FIG. 6 is a functional diagram of the capacitor. FIG. 7 is an upper configuration diagram of the vaporization unit.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  In FIG. 1, an oil making apparatus M according to the present invention has a popper 1 for charging crushed plastic, and this popper 1 is attached to one end of a first melting part 2 for melting plastic, and this first melting part. The other end of 2 is connected to one end of a second melting part 3 extending perpendicularly to the first melting part 2, and the other end of the second melting part 3 extends at an angle to vaporize the molten plastic. The lower end of the vaporizing section 4 is connected. Each of the first, second melting sections 2 and 3 and the vaporizing section 4 is a cylindrical tube in which a lead screw is housed. Are sent sequentially. A sheet heater h, h... H is wound around each pipe, and the plastic, its melt and vaporized gas in each pipe are heated by the sheet heater h, h. The planar heater h and the tubes 2, 3, 4 are covered with a heat insulating material i. Motors m, m, and m are provided at the ends of the pipes. The motors m are connected to the lead screws and rotate the lead screws at a predetermined speed.

  In addition, vertical connection pipes 5 and 6 are provided at the connection parts of the first and second melting parts 2 and 3 and the connection part of the second melting part 2 and the vaporization part 4, respectively. Therefore, nitrogen 7 and 8 for safety (preventing combustion of vaporized gas) are introduced into the pipe. Below the hopper 1, a feed pipe 10 is provided. The feed pipe 10 is provided with a rotary valve 9 for feeding a certain amount of plastic in the hopper 1 into the first melting pipe 2.

  The melting cylinder 2 in the vicinity of the feed tube 10 has a cooling jacket C so that the plastic does not melt near the hopper 1.

Nitrogen 12 is also fed into the feed tube 10. A catalyst cylinder 13 extending vertically upward is provided at the upper end of the vaporizing section 4, and a zeolite catalyst is accommodated in the catalyst cylinder 13. The catalyst is a synthetic zeolite having an effective pore diameter of 9 to 10 mm and an SiO ₂ / Al ₂ O ₃ ratio of about 2.5, and is a spherical product having a size of 2.4 to 4.7 mm. This catalyst is suitable for treating PE because it can decompose n-paraffins of C ₃ or higher.

  A residue pipe 14 extends downward at a position closer to the upper end than the attachment position of the catalyst cylinder 13 of the vaporization section 4, and a valve 5 is provided in the middle of the residue 14, and the valve 15 is a rotary valve. While maintaining the top of the residue pipe 14 in a sealed state, the residue is discharged to a residue tank 16 provided at the lower end thereof.

  Two first and second condensers 17 and 18 are provided between the first melting part 2 and the vaporization part 4. One of the first condensers 17 is for heavy oil and vaporized gas that has passed through the catalyst cylinder 13. The gas is condensed and liquefied to produce heavy oil, and the vaporized gas is cooled by air. The second condenser 18 is for condensing the vaporized gas that has passed through the condenser 17 to liquefy it to produce light oil, and is supplied with cooling water. Since heavy oil has a high condensation temperature, it may be air-cooled and covered with a heat insulating material i.

  The heavy oil produced by the first condenser 17 is stored in the heavy oil tank 19, and the light oil produced by the second condenser 18 is stored in the light oil tank 20.

  Next, covers 30, 31 for preventing leakage of vaporized gas to the outside are provided on the bearing portions of the lead screw of the first and second melting portions 2, 3 and the vaporization portion (not shown), Pipes 32 and 33 are connected to these covers 30 and 31, and these pipes 32 and 33 are connected to a collecting pipe 34, and a fan 35 is provided at the end of the collecting pipe, whereby exhaust gas is discharged to the outside. Is done.

  In FIG. 3, the vaporized gas that has passed through the catalyst pipe 13 enters the first condenser 17 through the pipe 40 and is liquefied to become heavy oil, and is further stored in the heavy oil tank 19 through the pipe 41.

  The vaporized gas that is not liquefied by the first capacitor 17 enters the second capacitor 18 through the pipe 42 and the light oil liquefied is stored in the light oil tank 20 through the pipe 43. The off gas that has not been liquefied by the second condenser 18 enters the tanks 19 and 20 through the pipe 100, and the off gas enters the water in the water bottle 48 through the pipe 49, and the off gas discharged from the water is accumulated in the accumulator 50, It is burned by a burner 52 through a suction pump 51, and the burner 52 heats a water tank 53 to make hot water. By adjusting the height h of the water in the water bottle 48, the vaporized gas and the pressure in the liquefaction system shown in FIG. 3 are adjusted, and the flow rate of the gas flowing through the capacitors 17 and 18 is adjusted.

  Next, in FIG. 4, the vaporization unit 4 is provided with a liquid level meter m for detecting the liquid level S of the liquefied plastic, and the liquid level meter m is provided with a nitrogen outlet 60 provided at intervals. 61 and a controller 62, and the position of the liquid level can be determined by detecting the nitrogen blowing pressure. In FIG. 4, since the pressure of the air outlet 60 is higher than that of the air outlet 61, it can be seen that the liquid level S is in the middle of the air outlets 60 and 61.

  A thermometer 70 for measuring the temperature in the first and second melting tubes 2 and 3 and the vaporizing section 4 has a thermocouple 72 inserted in a ceramic protective body 71 on the wall w of each tube. Therefore, the temperature inside the pipe is detected by the protector 71 without detecting the temperature of the pipe wall.

  In FIG. 6, air is sent to the first condenser 17 by a fan 81, and a thermometer 83 and a flow meter 84 are provided at the air outlet 85, and the fan 81 is provided according to the temperature and flow rate of the discharged air. Can control the cooling temperature of the first condenser 17, thereby adjusting the quality of the heavy oil.

  Further, water vapor is generated from the plastic at the time of melting in the melting part 2, and this water vapor is sent to the first capacitor 17 through the pipe 80 to adjust the temperature in the first capacitor 17. The first capacitor 17 is preferably 200 to 300 ° C., and heavy oil liquefies at this temperature.

  Next, another embodiment of the residue pipe will be described.

  In FIG. 7, a residue pot 91 is provided from a position obliquely above and below the catalyst cylinder 13 of the vaporization unit 4. The residue pot 91 is provided with an open / close lid 93 and a heater h around it. The vaporized gas contained in the residue kettle is heated and enters the catalyst cylinder 13. Even if plastic that is not completely vaporized is mixed with the residue in this residue kettle, it is vaporized here, so that only the residue remains in the residue kettle, and the opening / closing lid 93 is opened after a predetermined amount of residue has accumulated. Then, the residue is stored in the residue tank 92. In addition, the vaporized gas that has fallen into the residue pipe does not liquefy and oil does not enter the residue tank. In addition, a protrusion 90 is provided at the inlet 8 of the residue pot 91, and the protrusion 90 prevents the residue from adhering to the peripheral wall of the pot.

  The present oil making apparatus is particularly used for oiling waste plastics, and is suitable for a small oil making apparatus.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hopper 2 ... 1st fusion | melting part 3 ... 2nd fusion | melting part 4 ... Vaporization part 13 ... Catalyst cylinder 14 ... Residue pipe | tube 17 ... 1st capacitor | condenser 18 ... 2nd capacitor | condenser 91 ... Residue pot

Claims (3)

In the oiling apparatus that has a melting part for melting the plastic and a vaporizing part for vaporizing the molten plastic, and cools and liquefies the vaporized plastic vaporized from the vaporizing part with a capacitor,
An oiling apparatus comprising a plurality of the capacitors and collecting different types of oil by providing a temperature difference in cooling the capacitors.   The capacitor is composed of a first capacitor and a second capacitor, the first capacitor is cooled with air to liquefy heavy oil, and the second capacitor is cooled with cooling water and liquefied without being liquefied by the first capacitor. 2. The oil making apparatus according to claim 1, wherein light oil is collected by liquefying the gas.   The off-gas that is not liquefied by the second condenser is supplied to each tank connected to each condenser, and then sent into the water bottle, and the height of the water in the water bottle is adjusted to liquefy the vaporized gas in the system. 3. The oil making apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the pressure is adjusted.

Images