JP2000164233A - Power generating system for solid high molecular fuel cell - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable safe and efficient start in a short time with the simple structure even in a low peripheral temperature condition at 0 deg.C or less. SOLUTION: This system is provided with a solid high molecular fuel cell stack 1 formed by laminating plural single cells, which are respectively formed by holding a solid high molecular film between a fuel pole and an oxidant pole through a catalyst layer, through a separator having a groove for supplying the fuel gas and the oxidant gas to the fuel pole and the oxidant pole and a cooling plate, in which the antifreeze solution as a cooling medium passes. In this case, the system is also provided with an antifreeze solution heating means 11 provided on the way of the cooling system passage for flowing the antifreeze solution and for heating the antifreeze solution with the reacting gas while burning the fuel gas with the oxidant gas with a burner 20 and a burned waste gas supplying means 19 for supplying the burned waste gas to be discharged from the antifreeze solution heating means 11 to at least one of a fuel gas supplying route 5 and a oxidant gas supplying route 6 of the solid high molecular fuel cell stack 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system comprising a polymer electrolyte fuel cell using a polymer electrolyte membrane as an electrolyte, and particularly to a system at low outside air temperature. The present invention relates to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system capable of starting the fuel cell in a short time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, a fuel cell is a device for directly converting chemical energy of fuel into electric energy by electrochemically reacting a fuel gas such as hydrogen as a reactant gas with an oxidizing gas such as air. It is. This fuel cell is classified into various types depending on the difference in electrolyte and the like, and as one of them, a solid polymer type fuel cell using a solid polymer membrane as an electrolyte is known.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the basic configuration (unit cell configuration) of this type of polymer electrolyte fuel cell.

[0004] In FIG. 8, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprises:
A unit cell 101 including a fuel electrode (hereinafter, referred to as an anode electrode) 103 and an oxidant electrode (hereinafter, referred to as a cathode electrode) 104 disposed with a solid polymer membrane 102 having ion conductivity interposed therebetween; 103 for supplying a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas which are reaction gases to the
(c), 104 (c), and a gas-impermeable separator 105 having a gas supply groove having conductivity.

The anode electrode 103 is composed of an anode catalyst layer 103 (a) and an anode porous carbon flat plate 103.
(B), the cathode electrode 104 is composed of the cathode catalyst layer 104 (a) and the cathode porous carbon flat plate 104.
(B).

In the polymer electrolyte fuel cell having the above-described structure, when a fuel gas is supplied to the anode electrode 103 and an oxidizing gas is supplied to the cathode electrode 104, an electrochemical reaction occurs between the pair of electrodes of the unit cell 101. An electromotive force is generated. Here, usually, hydrogen is used as fuel gas and air is used as oxidant gas.

When hydrogen is supplied to the anode electrode 103 and air is supplied to the cathode electrode 104, respectively,
In 3, the supplied hydrogen is supplied to the anode catalyst layer 103 (a).
Dissociates into hydrogen ions and electrons, the hydrogen ions move through the solid polymer membrane 102, and the electrons move through the external circuit to the cathode electrode 104.

On the other hand, in the cathode electrode 104, oxygen in the supplied air, the above-mentioned hydrogen ions, and electrons react in the cathode catalyst layer 104 (a) to generate water. At this time, the electrons that have passed through the external circuit become currents and can supply power. That is, the following reactions progress on the anode electrode 103 and the cathode electrode 104, respectively. The generated water is discharged out of the battery together with the unreacted gas.

Anode reaction: H ₂ → 2H ⁺ + 2e ⁻ Cathode reaction: 2H ⁺ + 1 / 2O ₂ + 2e ⁻ → H ₂ O Since the electromotive force of the single cell 101 is as low as 1 V or less, it is usually passed through the separator 105. In this case, several tens to several hundreds of unit cells 101 are stacked and used as a fuel cell stack. Further, in order to control the temperature rise of the fuel cell stack due to power generation, a cooling plate through which a cooling medium flows is inserted for every several cells 101.

On the other hand, as the solid polymer membrane 102 having ionic conductivity, for example, a perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid (Nafion ^R : DuPont, USA) which is a proton exchange membrane is known.

The solid polymer membrane 102 has a hydrogen ion exchange group in the molecule and, by being saturated with water, functions as an ion conductive electrolyte and also has a function of separating fuel gas and oxidizing gas. .

Conversely, when the water content of the solid polymer membrane 102 decreases, the ionic resistance increases, and a mixture (crossover) of the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas occurs, and power generation by the battery becomes impossible. . For this reason, it is desirable that the solid polymer film 102 be saturated with water.

On the other hand, when hydrogen ions separated at the anode electrode 103 by power generation move through the solid polymer membrane 102 to the cathode electrode 104, water also moves therewith. 102 tends to dry.

If the amount of water vapor contained in the supplied fuel gas or oxidant gas air is small, the solid polymer film 102 tends to dry near the respective reaction gas inlets.

For the above reasons, it is common practice to supply a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas which have been humidified in advance to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell.

By the way, such a polymer electrolyte fuel cell usually operates at an operating temperature of about 80 ° C., but when it is used outdoors, for example, in a vehicle-mounted power supply, the temperature of the fuel cell falls below freezing. When the system is stopped, it is necessary to take measures to freeze the entire system. further,
It is also necessary to reduce the startup time before the system starts as much as possible.

In this case, it was held in 1997
The 14 ^th International ElectricVehicle Symposium a
Ron I. Sims at “nd Exposition
Operational Considerations for Direct Hydrogen Aut
Various schemes have been proposed as described in the paper published under the title omotive Fuel Cell System. Typical examples are: (a) a method of keeping the system freezing below zero by constantly reacting a small amount of fuel gas; (b) Starting a compressor that supplies air as an oxidant to the fuel cell stack. (C) a method of preheating the system by waste heat generated during operation of an electric heater and a fuel cell stack; (d) a method of burning fuel gas by a combustor (burner);
A method of heating the fuel cell stack by heating the antifreeze with the reaction heat has been proposed.

In particular, as a matter of course, when starting up from an extremely low temperature, it is described that the system can be started up in a short time by mounting a large burner in the system (d).

Further, the same paper proposes a method in which water used during operation of the system is collected in a tank by gravity when the system is stopped, and water remaining in the fuel cell stack is blown off by air to collect the water. I have.

On the other hand, for example, the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-147892 has a similar concept, and water collected in the fuel cell stack when the system is stopped is recovered by gravity or by a reaction gas. A technique for collecting water in a tank to prevent freezing of water inside the system is also known.

Further, for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-185877.
In the method disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. H06-115, the problem of freezing of water is avoided by not using water for humidifying the reaction gas.

That is, since the reaction gas is humidified by purifying and separating the water contained in the antifreeze using an ultrafiltration membrane, the structure is such that water does not accumulate as a liquid inside the fuel cell stack. The problem is eliminated, and a short startup time is possible.

[0023]

However, in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell employing the above-described conventional method,
There are the following problems.

In the above method (a) in which a small amount of fuel gas is constantly reacted, even a small amount of fuel gas is constantly consumed, which leads to energy loss. Especially in cryogenic regions, this loss is significant. Moreover, it cannot be said that it is preferable from the viewpoint of safety.

In the method (b) of preheating with compressed air of a compressor, air as an oxidizing gas is used as a heat medium. However, air is a medium having a small specific heat, and is heated by sensible heat, so that the amount of heat that can be carried is And it takes a lot of time to warm up the system. Further, since the compressor is operated by electric power, a large battery is required, which causes a problem that the whole system becomes large and heavy.

In the method (c) of preheating the system by waste heat generated during operation of the electric heater and the fuel cell stack, similar to the above (b), there arises a problem that a large battery is required, and power generation is not performed. It takes a lot of time to reach possible conditions.

In the method (d) of heating the antifreeze with the heat of combustion of the burner, since the antifreeze having a large specific heat is used as a heat medium, a large amount of heat can be supplied and the preheating time can be shortened. In the stack, the flow path of the cooling medium is heated first, and thereafter, the periphery of the solid polymer film is heated by heat conduction in the fuel cell stack, so that there is a limit to shortening the warm-up time.
In addition, high-temperature combustion waste gas is discarded to the outside, which leads to waste of energy.

Further, in the system in which the cooling water is collected in the water tank, there is no water pool inside the fuel cell stack, and there is no problem of freezing. However, since the water in the tank is frozen, prior to the start. First, the water in the tank needs to be thawed. Further, since it is necessary to collect water when the system is stopped, the piping system becomes complicated and its control becomes complicated, so that more space is required and the cost is increased.

On the other hand, in a system using water purified from an antifreeze for humidifying a reaction gas, a large pressure is generally required when water is purified from the antifreeze by a filtration membrane. Therefore, a strong pump and a heat-resistant container are required. It becomes necessary, which causes an increase in the size of the equipment and an increase in cost. And
Since the pump is always operated during the operation, the system efficiency is reduced. Further, as long as the filtration membrane is used, there is a possibility that the membrane may be clogged with impurities, and there is a problem that periodic maintenance is required.

An object of the present invention is to provide a polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system which can be started safely, efficiently and with a compact structure in a short time even when the ambient temperature is as low as 0 ° C. or less. It is to provide a system.

[0031]

In order to achieve the above object, a solid polymer film is sandwiched between a pair of gas diffusion electrodes comprising a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode via a catalyst layer,
A cell which generates electric power by generating electricity by an electrochemical reaction of a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas and has a gas impermeability having a groove for supplying the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas to the fuel electrode and the oxidizing electrode 2. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, comprising a polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack formed by stacking a plurality of separators through a cooling plate through which antifreeze as a cooling medium flows. In the antifreeze heating means provided in the middle of the cooling system path through which the antifreeze flows, the fuel gas is burned by the combustor together with the oxidizing gas, and the antifreeze is heated by the reaction heat.
Combustion waste gas supply means for supplying combustion waste gas discharged from the antifreeze liquid heating means to at least one of a fuel gas supply path and an oxidizing gas supply path of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack.

Therefore, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the first aspect of the present invention, by providing the antifreeze heating means for heating the antifreeze with a combustor in the middle of the antifreeze cooling path, the heated high-temperature The antifreeze is supplied into the fuel cell stack, and the low-temperature fuel cell stack is heated and heated. At the same time, by supplying waste gas from the combustor of the antifreeze heating means to at least one of the fuel gas supply path and the oxidizing gas supply path inside the fuel cell stack,
Since the high-temperature combustion waste gas is guided to the reaction gas supply path inside the fuel cell stack, the solid polymer membrane of the cell body can be directly heated, and the preheating time until system startup can be greatly reduced.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antifreeze heating means which is provided in the middle of the cooling system path through which the antifreeze flows, and which burns the fuel gas together with the oxidizing gas by the combustor and heats the antifreeze with the reaction heat. And a combustion waste gas distribution means provided to flow the combustion waste gas discharged from the antifreeze heating means around the periphery of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack.

Therefore, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the second aspect of the present invention, by providing the antifreeze heating means for heating the antifreeze in the combustor in the middle of the antifreeze cooling path, the heated high-temperature The antifreeze is supplied into the fuel cell stack, and the low-temperature fuel cell stack is heated and heated. At the same time, by causing the waste gas of the combustor of the antifreeze heating means to flow along the combustion gas waste gas distribution means provided around the fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack can be heated from the outside, Preheating time until system startup can be greatly reduced.

Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, a solid polymer film is sandwiched between a pair of gas diffusion electrodes composed of a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode via a catalyst layer, and the electric power of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas is reduced. A single cell that generates electric power by generating power by a chemical reaction is a gas-impermeable separator having a groove for supplying a fuel gas and an oxidant gas to a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode, and a cooling medium. A polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack formed by stacking a plurality of layers through a cooling plate through which antifreeze flows, and a reformer that reforms the fuel and supplies fuel gas to the fuel electrode of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack In the solid polymer fuel cell power generation system configured to be provided, provided in the middle of the cooling system path through which the antifreeze flows,
An antifreeze heating means for burning a fuel before reforming by a reformer with an oxidant gas by a combustor and heating the antifreeze with the reaction heat, and combustion waste gas discharged from the antifreeze heating means is supplied to the reformer gas. And combustion waste gas supply means for supplying to the distribution channel.

Therefore, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the third aspect of the present invention, by providing an antifreeze heating means for heating the antifreeze with a combustor in the middle of the antifreeze cooling path, the heated high-temperature The antifreeze is supplied into the fuel cell stack, and the low-temperature fuel cell stack is heated and heated. At the same time, by supplying the waste gas of the combustor of the antifreeze heating means to the gas flow path inside the reformer,
Since the reformer can be preheated, a new combustor for preheating the reformer is not required, and the system can be simplified and downsized.

On the other hand, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention,
Alternatively, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the second aspect of the present invention, the fuel gas for the antifreeze heating means is supplied from a fuel gas supply means for supplying a fuel gas to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack. .

Therefore, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the fuel gas of the combustor of the antifreeze heating means is supplied from the fuel gas supply means serving as the fuel gas of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack. By using the supplied fuel gas, the fuel supply system can be simplified, and the size and cost of the system can be reduced.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the above first aspect is provided.
Alternatively, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the second aspect of the present invention, the oxidizing gas for the antifreeze heating means may be:
The oxidant gas is supplied from an oxidant gas supply unit that supplies an oxidant gas to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack.

Therefore, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the oxidizer gas serving as the oxidizer gas of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack is added to the oxidizer gas of the combustor of the antifreeze heating means. By using the oxidizing gas supplied from the supplying means, the oxidizing gas supply system can be simplified, and the size and cost of the system can be reduced.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the first aspect of the present invention, a catalytic combustor is used as a combustor for the antifreeze heating means.
A heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the combustion waste gas from the catalytic combustor and the antifreeze is added.

Therefore, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the use of a catalytic combustor as the combustor of the antifreeze heating means makes it possible to reduce the size of the fuel cell compared to a combustor with a normal flame. Cleaner combustion can be performed, and poisoning of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack by CO can be further reduced. Furthermore, by providing a heat exchanger between the combustion waste gas of the catalytic combustor and the antifreeze,
Since the heat exchanger can be heated by radiant heat from the catalytic combustor, a more compact heat exchanger can be provided.

On the other hand, according to the invention of claim 7, the above-mentioned claim 1
4. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack is detected by the temperature detection means, and the solid state detected by the temperature detection means at the time of starting the system. Control means for operating the antifreeze heating means when the temperature of the polymer fuel cell stack is equal to or lower than a preset temperature is added.

Therefore, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the invention of claim 7, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack is provided with temperature detecting means, and the temperature of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack is set in advance. By operating the antifreeze heating means when the temperature is equal to or lower than the temperature, the fuel gas can be used effectively, so that efficient preheating can be performed.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the first aspect is provided.
4. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack is detected by the temperature detection means, and the temperature of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is detected by the temperature detection means. Control means for stopping the antifreeze heating means when the temperature of the fuel cell stack exceeds a preset temperature is added.

Therefore, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack is provided with temperature detecting means, and the temperature of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack is set in advance. By stopping the antifreeze heating means when the temperature is exceeded, the fuel gas can be used effectively and the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack can be prevented from overheating, so that a more efficient and safe system It can be.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the temperature detection for detecting the temperature of the combustion waste gas discharged from the antifreeze heating means. Means for controlling the amount of combustion of the antifreeze heating means or the amount of circulation of the antifreeze so that the temperature of the combustion waste gas detected by the temperature detection means does not exceed the heat resistant temperature of the constituent material of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack. Control means is added.

Therefore, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the temperature of the combustion waste gas of the antifreeze heating means does not exceed the heat resistant temperature of the constituent materials of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack. By controlling the amount of combustion of the antifreeze heating means or the amount of circulation of the antifreeze, heating of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack can be prevented, and a more secure and reliable system can be obtained.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the first or second aspect, the temperature for detecting the temperature of the combustion waste gas discharged from the antifreeze heating means is provided. Detection means, and control means for controlling the amount of combustion of the antifreeze heating means, or the amount of circulation of the antifreeze, so that the temperature of the combustion waste gas detected by the temperature detection means does not exceed the allowable temperature limit of the constituent material of the reformer. Is added.

Therefore, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the antifreeze heating means is controlled so that the temperature of the combustion waste gas of the antifreeze heating means does not exceed the heat resistant temperature of the constituent material of the reformer. By controlling the amount of combustion or the amount of circulation of the antifreeze, heating of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack can be prevented, and a more secure and reliable system can be obtained.

[0051]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment: Corresponding to Claims 1, 4, and 5) FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a system configuration example of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to this embodiment. It is.

In FIG. 1, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack (hereinafter, simply referred to as a fuel cell stack) 1 is composed of a unit cell 101 as shown in FIG. A plurality of layers are laminated via a cooling plate through which an antifreeze as a cooling medium flows.

The oxidizing gas supply means 2 supplies air, which is an oxidizing gas, to the fuel cell stack 1. Usually, for example, a compressor or a blower is used as the oxidizing gas supply means 2.

When hydrogen is used directly as fuel gas, the fuel gas supply means 3 comprises a high-pressure cylinder, a liquid hydrogen tank, a hydrogen storage alloy container, a regulator for supplying hydrogen at an appropriate pressure, a stop valve, and the like. Is done.

The oxidizing gas and the fuel gas are supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 through the oxidizing gas supply path 5 and the fuel gas supply path 6, the oxidizing gas valve 7 and the fuel gas valve 8, respectively, to generate electric power. The excess gas is discharged to the outside through the oxidizing gas discharge path 9 and the fuel gas discharge path 10, respectively.

When the system is started, the antifreeze heating means 11 introduces the antifreeze supplied from the antifreeze pump 12 through the antifreeze circulation path 14, burns the fuel gas together with the oxidizing gas, and heats the antifreeze by the reaction heat. The antifreeze is heated by the antifreeze heating means 11 and then supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 to heat the fuel cell stack 1.

The antifreeze heating means 11 comprises a combustor 20 and a heat exchanger 21 for exchanging heat between the combustion waste gas from the combustor 20 and the antifreeze.

The antifreeze that has exited the fuel cell stack 1 returns to the antifreeze pump 12 through the antifreeze bypass line 15 and the antifreeze bypass valve 16, and returns to the antifreeze heating means 11 again.
It is led to and heated.

The antifreeze radiator 13 plays a role of releasing waste heat from the fuel cell stack 1 to the outside while the fuel cell stack 1 is in a normal operation after the system is started. At this time, the antifreeze bypass valve 16 is in a closed state.

The bypass line 15 is a line that is used while heating using antifreeze, and is provided to avoid heat radiation from the radiator 13 during heating.

The fuel gas supply path 17 and the oxidant gas supply path 18 supply the fuel gas and the oxidant gas to the antifreeze heating means 11, respectively.

The combustion waste gas supply path 19 is connected to the oxidizing gas supply path 5 and the fuel gas supply path 6, respectively.
Supply to the fuel cell stack 1.

Next, the operation of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.

In FIG. 1, when the system is started, the oxidizing gas and the fuel gas supplied to the antifreeze heating means 11 are burned in the combustor 20, and the hot combustion gas is supplied to the heat exchanger 2.
The antifreeze is heated at 1 and the high temperature antifreeze is guided to the fuel cell stack 1 through the antifreeze circulation path 14 to heat the inside of the fuel cell stack 1.

At this time, when the system is started, the ambient temperature becomes zero.
Even when the temperature is lower than or equal to ° C., since the antifreeze is used as the cooling medium, the antifreeze circulation path 14 does not freeze and the fuel cell stack 1 can be reliably preheated.

At the same time, the combustion waste gas discharged from the heat exchanger 21 is supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 through the oxidizing gas supply path 5 and the fuel gas supply path 6 to the fuel cell stack 1, and The solid polymer film 102, the anode electrode 103, the cathode electrode 104, the separator 105, and the like, which are main components of the fuel cell stack 1, are directly heated.

Since the combustion waste gas contains water vapor associated with the combustion reaction, the solid polymer film 102 is heated and, at the same time, condensed. Give moisture. Further, since the latent heat of evaporation is released when the water vapor condenses, much more heat can be transmitted even at the same flow rate than when heating is performed only by the sensible heat of the gas.

The combustion waste gas may be supplied to only one of the air supply path 5 and the fuel gas supply path 6.

Further, in the present embodiment, the oxidizing gas supply source and the fuel gas supply source of the antifreeze heating means 11 are shared with the oxidizing gas supply means 2 and the fuel gas supply means 3 of the fuel cell stack 1. To take
There is no need to newly provide a dedicated supply source, and the system can be further simplified.

As described above, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system of the present embodiment, since the antifreeze is used as the cooling medium, it does not freeze even when the ambient environment temperature becomes 0 ° C. or less. The antifreeze heated by the antifreeze heating means 11 having the combustor 20 is supplied to the antifreeze circulation path 1.
Since the fuel cell stack 1 is heated through the fuel cell 4, the fuel cell stack 1 can be preheated even at a low temperature, and a reliable start can be performed.

On the other hand, since the combustion waste gas of the antifreeze heating means 11 can be directly supplied to the inside of the fuel cell stack 1, the solid polymer film 102, the anode 103, and the cathode 103, which are main components of the fuel cell stack 1, are provided. Electrode 10
4. It is possible to directly heat the separator 105 and the like, and it is possible to significantly reduce the preheating time until the system is started. In addition, since a suitable amount of water can be supplied to the solid polymer film 102 by the water vapor contained in the combustion waste gas of the antifreeze liquid heating means 11, it is possible to provide better conditions for the operation after the residual heat.

That is, it is possible to further shorten the startup time of the fuel cell stack 1 and to improve the reliability and durability of the solid polymer film 102. At the same time, the latent heat contained in the steam can be used effectively,
This leads to a more compact system and improved energy efficiency.

Furthermore, since the oxidizing gas supply source and the fuel gas supply source of the antifreeze heating means 11 are shared with the same supply source of the fuel cell stack 1, the system can be simplified, reduced in cost and downsized. It becomes possible.

(Second Embodiment: Corresponding to Claim 2) FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the system configuration of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to this embodiment. Are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted, and only different portions will be described here.

In FIG. 2, a combustion waste gas flow path 22 is provided so as to surround the periphery of the fuel cell stack 1, and the combustion waste gas discharged from the antifreeze heating means 11 is
Combustion waste gas distribution path 2 through combustion waste gas supply path 23
It is led to 2.

The combustion waste gas that has heated the fuel cell stack 1 in the combustion waste gas distribution path 22 is discharged to the combustion waste gas discharge path 2
4 to the outside.

Next, the operation of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.

In FIG. 2, when the system is started, the oxidizing gas and the fuel gas supplied to the antifreeze heating means 11 are burned in the combustor 20, and the high-temperature combustion gas is supplied to the heat exchanger 2.
The antifreeze is heated at 1 and the high temperature antifreeze is guided to the fuel cell stack 1 through the antifreeze circulation path 14 to heat the inside of the fuel cell stack 1.

At this time, when the system is started, the ambient temperature becomes zero.
Even when the temperature is lower than or equal to ° C., since the antifreeze is used as the cooling medium, the antifreeze circulation path 14 does not freeze and the fuel cell stack 1 can be reliably preheated.

At the same time, the combustion waste gas discharged from the heat exchanger 21 passes through the combustion waste gas supply path 23 and is guided to the combustion waste gas distribution path 22, and the combustion waste gas distribution path 22
After the fuel cell stack 1 is heated from the outside, the fuel is discharged from the combustion waste gas discharge path 24 to the outside of the system.

That is, since the fuel cell stack 1 is humidified from the inside with the antifreeze, and the fuel cell stack 1 is heated from the outside with the combustion waste gas, the time required for heat conduction is shortened, and the preheating is performed in a short time. Can be.

Further, since the combustion waste gas contains water vapor, the latent heat of condensation can also be used effectively, so that even at the same flow rate, a large amount of heat can be carried as compared with heat exchange by sensible heat.

The present embodiment is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 2, but it is obvious that the present embodiment may be combined with the first embodiment.

As described above, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system of the present embodiment, since the antifreeze is used as the cooling medium, it does not freeze even when the ambient environment temperature becomes 0 ° C. or less. The antifreeze heated by the antifreeze heating means 11 having the combustor 20 is supplied to the antifreeze circulation path 1.
Since the fuel cell stack 1 is heated through the fuel cell 4, the fuel cell stack 1 can be preheated even at a low temperature, and a reliable start can be performed.

On the other hand, since the fuel cell stack 1 is heated from the outside by the combustion waste gas while humidifying from the inside with the antifreeze, the time required for heat conduction is shortened, and the preheating time until the system is started can be greatly shortened. It becomes possible. Further, since the combustion waste gas contains water vapor, the latent heat of condensation can also be used effectively.
It is possible to carry a large amount of heat compared to heat exchange by sensible heat.

That is, the fuel cell stack 1 can be preheated in a much shorter time, and the condensed latent heat that has been normally discarded can be effectively used, so that efficient fuel gas consumption can be achieved and the efficiency of the system can be improved. Can be improved.

(Third Embodiment: Corresponding to Claim 3) FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a system configuration of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the present embodiment, and the same elements as FIG. Are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted, and only different portions will be described here.

In FIG. 3, a reformer 25 reforms a primary hydrocarbon fuel to convert it into a fuel gas containing hydrogen as a main component, and supplies it to the fuel gas supply path 6.

The water supply means 26 for the reformer is
For supplying the water necessary for reforming the fuel in the fuel tank, and usually comprises a water tank and a pump.

The combustion waste gas discharged from the antifreeze heating means 11 is supplied to the reformer 25 through the combustion waste gas supply path 27, and preheats the reformer 25.

Next, the operation of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.

In FIG. 3, when the system is started, the oxidizing gas and the fuel gas supplied to the antifreeze heating means 11 burn in the combustor 20, and the high-temperature combustion gas is supplied to the heat exchanger 2.
The antifreeze is heated at 1 and the high temperature antifreeze is guided to the fuel cell stack 1 through the antifreeze circulation path 14 to heat the inside of the fuel cell stack 1.

At this time, when the system is started, the ambient temperature becomes zero.
Even when the temperature is lower than or equal to ° C., since the antifreeze is used as the cooling medium, the antifreeze circulation path 14 does not freeze and the fuel cell stack 1 can be reliably preheated.

At the same time, the combustion waste gas discharged from the heat exchanger 21 is first supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 after heating the reformer 25, and the solid fuel, which is a main constituent element of the fuel cell stack 1, is heated. Molecular film 102, anode electrode 10
3. The cathode electrode 104, the separator 105 and the like are directly heated.

It goes without saying that the temperature of the combustion waste gas is set to a temperature sufficient to preheat the reformer 25. Further, since the combustion waste gas contains water vapor accompanying the combustion reaction, the solid polymer membrane 102 is heated inside the fuel cell stack 1 in the same manner as in the first embodiment. At the same time, the water vapor is condensed to give the solid polymer film 102 an appropriate amount of water.
Furthermore, since the latent heat of vaporization is released when the water vapor condenses, much more heat can be transmitted at the same flow rate than when heating is performed using only the sensible heat of the gas.

The combustion waste gas may be distributed to the oxidizing gas supply path 5.

It is apparent that the present embodiment is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 3, but may be combined with the above-described second embodiment.

As described above, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system of the present embodiment, since the antifreeze is used as the cooling medium, it does not freeze even when the ambient environment temperature becomes 0 ° C. or less. The antifreeze heated by the antifreeze heating means 11 having the combustor 20 is supplied to the antifreeze circulation path 1.
Since the fuel cell stack 1 is heated through the fuel cell 4, the fuel cell stack 1 can be preheated even at a low temperature, and a reliable start can be performed.

On the other hand, after the reformer 25 has been preheated with the combustion waste gas, the inside of the fuel cell stack 1 is heated and humidified. 103, cathode electrode 10
4. It is possible to directly heat the separator 105 and the like, and it is possible to greatly reduce the preheating time of the entire system until the system is started. In addition, since a suitable amount of water can be supplied to the solid polymer film 102 by the water vapor contained in the combustion waste gas, it is possible to give better conditions for the operation after the residual heat.

That is, it is possible to further shorten the startup time of the fuel cell stack 1 and to improve the reliability and durability of the solid polymer film 102. At the same time, the latent heat contained in the steam can be used effectively,
This leads to a more compact system and improved energy efficiency.

As described above, the fuel cell stack 1 can be preheated in a much shorter time, and the condensed latent heat, which has been normally discarded, can be effectively used, so that the fuel gas can be efficiently consumed. Efficiency can be improved.

(Fourth Embodiment: Corresponding to Claim 6) FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of an antifreeze heating means in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to this embodiment.

In FIG. 4, the antifreeze heating means 30 comprises a catalyst combustor 31 and a heat exchanger 32 for exchanging heat between the combustion waste gas from the catalyst combustor 31 and the antifreeze.

As the catalytic combustor 31, a ceramic combustor made of cordierite or the like, which carries a noble metal such as platinum or palladium as an active component, is usually used.

As the heat exchanger 32, a finned tube type heat exchanger including an antifreeze liquid passage 36 and a radiation fin 37 is used, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a shell and tube type heat exchanger is used. A vessel may be used.

The fuel gas supply path 33 and the oxidizing gas supply path 34 supply the fuel gas and the air as the oxidizing gas, respectively, and are premixed in the premixing chamber 35 before being supplied to the catalytic combustor 31. It is supplied and burns.

The combustion waste gas from the catalytic combustor 31 is heated by the heat exchanger 32 to heat the antifreeze and then discharged to the combustion waste gas outlet 3.
Emitted from 8.

In the case of liquid fuel, it goes without saying that a fuel evaporator or an atomizer is required.

Next, the operation of the antifreeze heating means 30 in the solid polymer fuel cell power generation system according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.

In FIG. 4, a fuel gas is mixed with an oxidizing gas and sent to a catalytic combustor 31 to perform catalytic combustion. This catalytic combustion has NOx and CO2 compared to normal flame combustion.
Such harmful exhaust gas generation can be further suppressed, and clean combustion can be performed.

In particular, CO may poison the platinum catalyst used for the anode or cathode catalyst of the fuel cell stack 1, but using this catalytic combustor 31 does not pose such a risk.

Further, in the catalytic combustor 31, since the catalyst itself is heated to a high temperature, a large amount of radiant heat from the catalyst is generated. In addition, heat transfer with radiant heat can be expected, and a higher heat transfer coefficient can be obtained.

As described above, the antifreeze heating means 30 in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system of the present embodiment.
Since the catalyst combustor 31 is used for the combustor, the combustion waste gas can be further cleaned, and even if the combustion waste gas is supplied into the fuel cell stack 1, the CO Therefore, it is possible to provide a more reliable polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system.

Further, since the radiant heat from the catalyst is used, a higher heat transfer coefficient from the combustion waste gas of the catalytic combustor 31 to the heat exchanger 32 can be obtained.
The heat transfer area can be reduced, and a more compact system can be realized.

(Fifth Embodiment: Corresponding to Claims 7 to 10) FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a system configuration example of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to this embodiment. The same elements as in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. Only different parts will be described here.

That is, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system of this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
Oxidant gas supply means 2, fuel gas supply means 3,
The oxidant gas valve 7, the fuel gas valve 8, the antifreeze pump 12, and the antifreeze bypass valve 16 are omitted, and the oxidant gas supply means 54, the fuel gas supply means 55, the antifreeze pump 56, the oxidant gas valve 57, the fuel A gas valve 58 and an antifreeze bypass valve 59 are provided, and a control unit 51, a fuel cell stack temperature detecting means 52, and a combustion waste gas temperature detecting means 53 are added.

This embodiment is different from the reformer 2 described above.
5 is applied to the third embodiment, the configuration of the control system is almost the same, and the configuration is the same except that the combustion waste gas is used for preheating the reformer 25. Here, illustration of the system system is omitted.

The fuel cell stack temperature detecting means 52 is provided in the fuel cell stack 1 and detects the temperature.

The combustion waste gas temperature detecting means 53 detects the temperature of the combustion waste gas discharged from the antifreeze heating means 11.

The control unit 51 receives the temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 detected by the fuel cell stack temperature detecting means 52 and the temperature of the combustion waste gas detected by the combustion waste gas temperature detecting means 53 as inputs. The operating state of the system is grasped based on the temperature, and the oxidizing gas supply means 54 and the fuel gas supply means 5 which are devices to be controlled are controlled.
5. Control the antifreeze pump 56, the oxidant gas valve 57, the fuel gas valve 58, and the antifreeze bypass valve 59.

That is, when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 detected by the fuel cell stack temperature detecting means 52 at the time of starting the system is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, the control unit 51 operates the antifreeze heating means 11. Further, when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 detected by the fuel cell stack temperature detecting means 52 exceeds a predetermined temperature, the device to be controlled is stopped so that the antifreeze heating means 11 is stopped. Control.

Further, the control unit 51 controls the amount of combustion of the antifreeze heating means 11 so that the temperature of the combustion waste gas detected by the combustion waste gas temperature detection means 53 does not exceed the allowable temperature limit of the constituent materials of the fuel cell stack 1. Or the device to be controlled is controlled so as to control the circulation amount of the antifreeze.

Further, the control unit 51 includes the reformer 25
When applied to the third embodiment using the method, the temperature of the combustion waste gas detected by the combustion waste gas temperature detecting means 53 does not exceed the heat resistant temperature of the constituent material of the reformer. The device to be controlled is controlled so as to control the amount of combustion or the amount of circulation of the antifreeze.

Next, the operation of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.
This will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a control flowchart of the system shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a control flowchart of a system having the reformer 25.

Referring to FIG. 5, when the system is started,
When the temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 detected by the fuel cell stack temperature detecting means 52 is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature T1, a transition is made to a control mode for preheating the fuel cell stack 1.

Normally, a value close to the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 is set as the predetermined temperature T1. That is, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system, for example, a value of about 70 ° C. to 80 ° C. is set.

If a start command is issued immediately after the stop, the temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 is sufficiently high, that is, if it is higher than a predetermined temperature T1, it is not necessary to preheat the fuel cell stack 1; Move to.

When the temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 is equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature T1, the antifreeze bypass valve 59 is opened to allow the antifreeze to flow to the bypass side, and the oxidizing gas valve 57 and the fuel gas valve 58 are opened. When closed, the oxidizing gas and the fuel gas can be supplied to the antifreeze heating means 11.

Thereafter, the oxidizing gas supply means 54, the fuel gas supply means 55, the antifreeze pump 56, and the combustor 20 of the antifreeze heating means 11 are operated.

Next, the antifreeze is heated while adjusting the amount of combustion of the antifreeze heating means 11 and the amount of circulation of the antifreeze, and the fuel cell stack 1 is preheated.
Until the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature T2 set in advance, the preheating mode is continued.

Normally, as the predetermined temperature T2, a value close to the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 is employed as in the case of the predetermined temperature T1. That is, while the state of the preheating mode continues, the temperature Tg of the combustion waste gas is constantly monitored by the combustion waste gas temperature detecting means 53.

If the temperature Tg of the combustion waste gas is set in advance, the heat-resistant temperature T of the constituent material of the fuel cell stack 1 is set.
When the temperature becomes higher than 3, the operating condition is immediately changed to control the temperature Tg of the combustion waste gas to be lower than the allowable temperature T3.

Normally, the heat resistant temperature of the solid polymer film 102 is the lowest among the component parts of the fuel cell stack 1, and is set to, for example, 120 ° C. or less.

When the temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 reaches a predetermined temperature T
If it exceeds 2, the preheating is completed, the combustor 20 of the antifreeze heating means 11 is stopped, and then the oxidizing gas valve 57 and the fuel gas valve 58 are changed to the mode at the time of power generation to start power generation.

On the other hand, in the case of a system in which the reformer 25 is preheated, the temperature of the combustion waste gas is set high, and the heat-resistant temperature of the constituent materials of the reformer 25 is also set high.

However, the heat resistance temperature and the like of the fuel cell stack 1 are the same, and the control flow is as shown in FIG.
It is almost the same as FIG.

As described above, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system of the present embodiment, the antifreeze heating means 11 is operated when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 is lower than a preset temperature. Therefore, the fuel gas can be used effectively, and preheating can be performed more efficiently.

Further, since the antifreeze heating means 11 is stopped when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 exceeds a preset temperature, the fuel gas can be used effectively and the fuel cell stack 1 can be used effectively. Can be prevented from overheating, and a more efficient and safe system can be provided.

Further, the amount of combustion of the antifreeze heating means 11 or the amount of circulation of the antifreeze is controlled so that the temperature of the combustion waste gas of the antifreeze heating means 11 does not exceed the heat resistant temperature of the constituent material of the fuel cell stack 1. Fuel cell stack 1
This prevents the heating of the system, thereby making it possible to provide a safer and more reliable system.

Further, in the case of a system for preheating the reformer 25, the temperature of the combustion waste gas of the antifreeze heating means 11 should not exceed the heat resistant temperature of the constituent material of the reformer 25.
Since the amount of combustion of the antifreeze heating means 11 or the amount of circulation of the antifreeze is controlled, heating of the fuel cell stack 1 can be prevented, and a more secure and reliable system can be provided.

As described above, each control target device (oxidizing gas supply means 54, fuel gas supply means 55, antifreeze pump 5
6. Since the oxidizing gas valve 57, the fuel gas valve 58, and the antifreeze bypass valve 59) are appropriately controlled, it is possible to provide a safe and highly reliable system without danger of overheating and the like, Can be used effectively, so that a more energy-efficient system can be obtained.

[0144]

As described above, according to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system of the present invention, antifreeze is used as a cooling medium for the fuel cell stack.
Even if the ambient temperature becomes 0 ° C. or lower, the fuel cell stack does not freeze, and the antifreeze heated by the antifreeze heating means having the combustor heats the fuel cell stack through the antifreeze circulation path. The stack can be preheated, and the start can be reliably performed.

Further, since the fuel cell stack is heated or the reformer is heated by effectively using the combustion waste gas of the antifreeze heating means, the startup time of the fuel cell stack can be further reduced. At the same time, since the steam contained in the combustion waste gas is used, it is possible to improve the reliability and durability of the solid polymer membrane.

Further, since the latent heat contained in the steam can be effectively used, the system can be made compact and the energy efficiency can be improved.

As described above, even if the temperature of the surrounding environment is reduced to 0 ° C. or less, it is possible to start up safely, efficiently, and with a compact structure in a short time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a first embodiment of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a third embodiment of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of an antifreeze heating means showing a fourth embodiment of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a control flowchart of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a view showing a control flowchart in the case where a reformer is provided in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a basic configuration (unit cell configuration) of a conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cell.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fuel cell stack, 2 ... Oxidizing gas supply means, 3 ... Fuel gas supply means, 5 ... Oxidizing gas supply path, 6 ... Fuel gas supply path, 7 ... Oxidizing gas valve, 8 ... Fuel gas valve, 9 ... Oxidation Agent gas discharge path, 10: fuel gas discharge path, 11: antifreeze heating means, 12: antifreeze pump, 13: antifreeze radiator, 14: antifreeze circulation path, 15: antifreeze bypass line, 16: antifreeze bypass valve, 17: antifreeze heating A fuel gas supply path to the means 11, 18 an oxidant gas supply path to the antifreeze heating means 11, 19 a combustion waste gas supply path, 20 a combustor, 21 a heat exchanger, 22 a combustion waste gas distribution path, 23: combustion waste gas supply path, 24: combustion waste gas discharge path, 25: reformer, 26: water supply means for the reformer, 27: combustion waste gas supply path, 30 ... Freezing liquid heating means, 31: catalytic combustor, 32: antifreeze heat exchanger, 33: fuel gas supply path, 34: oxidizing gas supply path, 35: premixing chamber, 36: antifreeze liquid flow path, 37: radiation fin, 38: combustion waste gas discharge port, 51: control unit fuel cell stack temperature detection means, 52: fuel cell stack temperature detection means, 53: combustion waste gas temperature detection means, 54: oxidizing gas supply means, 55: fuel gas supply Means 56 Antifreeze pump 57 Antioxidant gas valve 58 Fuel gas valve 59 Antifreeze bypass valve 101 Single cell 102 Solid polymer membrane 103 Anode electrode 103 (a) Anode catalyst layer 103 (b): anode porous carbon flat plate, 103 (c): fuel supply groove, 104: cathode electrode, 104 (a): cathode catalyst layer, 104 (b): gas Over de porous carbon flat, 104 (c) ... oxidant supply groove, 105 ... Gas supply grooved separators.

Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor, Soichiro Shimotori 1 Toshiba-cho, Komukai-shi, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Inside the Toshiba R & D Center Co., Ltd. Inside Toshiba Research & Development Center Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Atsushi Muneuchi No. 1, Komukai Toshiba-cho, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Inside Toshiba Research & Development Center Co., Ltd. (72) Michiro Hori, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture No. 1 Komukai Toshiba Town F-term in Toshiba R & D Center (reference) 5H026 AA06 CC03 HH08 5H027 AA06 BA01 BA13 BA14 CC06 KK41 KK46 MM01 MM16

Claims (10)

[Claims] A solid polymer film is sandwiched between a pair of gas diffusion electrodes comprising a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode via a catalyst layer, and power is generated by an electrochemical reaction between the fuel gas and the oxidant gas. A cell that generates an electrical output, a gas-impermeable separator having a groove for supplying a fuel gas and an oxidant gas to the fuel electrode and the oxidant electrode, and a cooling plate through which an antifreeze as a cooling medium flows In a polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system configured to include a polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack formed by laminating a plurality of fuel cells, a fuel gas is provided in the middle of a cooling system path through which the antifreeze flows, and a fuel gas is supplied by a combustor. With an oxidizing gas to heat the antifreeze with the reaction heat, and burning waste gas discharged from the antifreeze heating means with the solid polymer fuel cell. Polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system characterized in that it comprises an, a combustion waste gas supply means for supplying at least one of the fuel gas supply passage or the oxidant gas supply path of the stack. 2. A solid polymer film is sandwiched between a pair of gas diffusion electrodes composed of a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode via a catalyst layer, and power is generated by an electrochemical reaction between the fuel gas and the oxidant gas. A cell that generates an electrical output, a gas-impermeable separator having a groove for supplying a fuel gas and an oxidant gas to the fuel electrode and the oxidant electrode, and a cooling plate through which an antifreeze as a cooling medium flows In a polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system configured to include a polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack formed by laminating a plurality of fuel cells, a fuel gas is provided in the middle of a cooling system path through which the antifreeze flows, and a fuel gas is supplied by a combustor. With an oxidizing gas to heat the antifreeze with the reaction heat, and burning waste gas discharged from the antifreeze heating means with the solid polymer fuel cell. Polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system characterized in that it comprises an, and combustion exhaust gas flow means arranged to flow along the periphery of the stack. 3. A solid polymer film is sandwiched between a pair of gas diffusion electrodes comprising a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode via a catalyst layer, and power is generated by an electrochemical reaction between the fuel gas and the oxidant gas. A cell that generates an electrical output, a gas-impermeable separator having a groove for supplying a fuel gas and an oxidant gas to the fuel electrode and the oxidant electrode, and a cooling plate through which an antifreeze as a cooling medium flows And a reformer for reforming the fuel and supplying a fuel gas to a fuel electrode of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack. In the solid polymer type fuel cell power generation system, the fuel before the reforming by the reformer is burned together with the oxidizing gas by a combustor, provided in the middle of the cooling system path through which the antifreeze flows, and the reaction heat Antifreeze heating means for heating the antifreeze, and combustion waste gas supply means for supplying combustion waste gas discharged from the antifreeze heating means to a gas flow path of the reformer. Solid polymer fuel cell power generation system. 4. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein a fuel gas is supplied to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack as a fuel gas of the antifreeze heating means. A polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system, wherein the fuel gas is supplied from fuel gas supply means. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein
In the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the item, the oxidizing gas for the antifreeze heating means is supplied from an oxidizing gas supply means for supplying an oxidizing gas to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack. A polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system characterized in that: 6. The solid polymer fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein a catalyst combustor is used as a combustor of the antifreeze heating means, and a combustion waste gas from the catalyst combustor and the antifreeze are mixed with each other. A polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system characterized by adding a heat exchanger for performing heat exchange. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein
The polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein a temperature detection means for detecting a temperature of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack, and a polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack detected by the temperature detection means at system startup And a control means for operating the antifreeze liquid heating means when the temperature is equal to or lower than a preset temperature. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein
In the polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to the item, a temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack, and the temperature of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack detected by the temperature detection means And a control means for stopping the antifreeze heating means when the temperature exceeds a preset temperature, and a polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system. 9. The solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein a temperature of said combustion waste gas discharged from said antifreeze heating means is detected, and said temperature detection is performed. Control means for controlling the amount of combustion of the antifreeze heating means or the amount of circulation of the antifreeze so that the temperature of the combustion waste gas detected by the means does not exceed the allowable temperature limit of the constituent materials of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack And a polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system characterized by adding: 10. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein a temperature of the combustion waste gas discharged from the antifreeze heating unit is detected, and the temperature is detected. Control means for controlling the amount of combustion of the antifreeze heating means or the amount of circulation of the antifreeze so that the temperature of the combustion waste gas detected by the means does not exceed the heat resistant temperature of the constituent material of the reformer. A polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system characterized by comprising: