JP2000127160A - Plastic waste treating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plastic waste treating apparatus capable of preventing a harmful gas by cutting a string-like matter in a plastic water and improving its melting efficiency. SOLUTION: In the plastic waste treating apparatus comprising a cutter 2 for cutting a plastic waste and a unit 3 for compressing and heating the cut waste the cutter 2 has a screw conveyor 4 and a stationary cutter 7 parallel to a circumferential direction of an inner wall surface of a casing of the conveyor 4 adjacent to a downstream end of a screw blade of the conveyor 4. The cutter is extended to arrive at its end at the vicinity of the rotary shaft of the conveyor.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plastic waste treatment apparatus that cuts plastic waste and compresses the cut waste to generate heat, thereby reducing the volume (volume reduction) of the waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for recycling plastic waste, but the situation is still insufficient. Plastic waste is large in volume and bulky compared to other wastes, which increases transportation costs to a recycling plant, which is one of the causes of delay in recycling.

Hitherto, as a solution to this problem, there has been known a volume reducing device of a type for reducing the volume of plastic waste, that is, a type of compressing plastic waste by a screw conveyor. According to this mode of treatment, it has been observed that plastic waste generates heat upon said compression and melts to such an extent that the waste fragments become clumpy. As a volume reduction device of this type, there is also known a device in which a rotary cutter for cutting plastic waste is applied in order to increase the volume of plastic waste reduced by compression with a screw conveyor.

[0004]

However, the rotary cutter of the above-mentioned conventional apparatus is constituted by opposed disk-shaped cutters, and the string-like material in the plastic waste is entangled with the rotary cutter and the like. There has been a problem that the string cannot be cut or the tangled string overloads the driving device.

[0005] In addition, the above-mentioned rotary cutter has a problem that the heat generation efficiency, that is, the melting efficiency due to the compression by the screw conveyor is poor because the plastic waste cannot be cut into sufficiently small pieces.

[0006] Further, in the conventional volume reducing device, excessive local compression may occur, and a part of waste may be gasified to generate harmful gas.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a plastic waste which can cut a string in plastic waste, improve melting efficiency, and prevent generation of harmful gas. An object of the present invention is to provide a material processing apparatus.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a plastic waste treatment apparatus provided with a cutting device for cutting plastic waste and a device for compressing the cut plastic waste to generate heat. The cutting device includes a screw conveyor, and a circumferentially parallel fixed blade provided on an inner wall surface of the casing of the screw conveyor adjacent to the downstream end of the screw blade of the conveyor, and the fixed blade has a screw conveyor tip. The present invention is achieved by a plastic waste treatment apparatus characterized in that it extends close to the rotation axis of the plastic waste.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a plastic waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

The plastic waste treatment apparatus 1 comprises a cutting device 2 for cutting plastic waste and a device 3 for compressing the cut plastic waste to generate heat.
And

The cutting device 2 includes a screw conveyor 4 and
It has a casing 5 of the screw conveyor 4 and a circumferentially parallel fixed blade 7 provided on the inner wall surface of the casing 5 of the screw conveyor 4 adjacent to the downstream end of the screw blade of the screw conveyor 4. The casing 5 has an input port 8 for waste at one end and an output port 9 at the other end.

It is preferable that the pitch of the screw blades of the screw conveyor 4 becomes narrower as it approaches the discharge port 9 from the input port 8 side. The screw blades having such a pitch improve the cutting effect of the plastic waste by the fixed blade 7. Rotary shaft 4a of screw conveyor 4
Is driven by a motor 10 via a pulley and a pulley belt.

The fixed blade 7 has a tip extending to the vicinity of the rotary shaft 4 a of the screw conveyor 4. The fixed blade 7 is shaped such that it gradually moves away from the straight line L connecting the root 7a of the blade and the center 4c of the screw conveyor 4 in the direction of rotation of the conveyor 4 toward the tip (FIG. 2). The blade 7 was found to have good cutting efficiency.

The rotating shaft 4a of the screw conveyor 4 is preferably provided with a means 11 for pushing waste toward the fixed blade 7. The pushing means 11 is arranged in an area facing the fixed blade 7. The pushing means 11 can exemplify a spiral ridge in the same direction as the spiral of the screw blade of the screw conveyor 4. When the pushing means 11 is such a spiral ridge, pushing to the fixed blade 7 side and thrust in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 4a can be applied to the waste. The gap between the tip of the fixed blade 7 and the pushing means 11 is preferably relatively small. In order to make the gap between the fixed blade 7 and the pushing means 11 smaller, a groove (not shown) that allows the tip of the fixed blade 7 to enter may be formed in the spiral ridge.

A pressing plate 12 can be provided for pressing the waste discharged from the discharge port 9 of the casing 5 by the screw conveyor 4 in a direction opposite to the discharge. The pressure plate 12 is slidably supported by a plurality of support rods 13 fixed to the casing 5, and is urged in the Y1 direction in FIG. 1 by a spring 14 provided on the support rod 13.

The apparatus 3 for compressing the cut plastic waste to generate heat includes a screw conveyor 15. The end of the screw blade of the screw conveyor 15 ends before the outlet 22 of the casing 20 of the screw conveyor 15, and the waste power is efficiently compressed by the cooperation of the output power by the screw conveyor 15 and the pressing by the pressing plate 24. Space S is formed near the outlet 22.

The waste discharged from the screw conveyor 15 may be provided with means for pressing the waste in a direction opposite to the discharge direction. The means may be, for example, a pressing plate actuated by a variable output air cylinder 25.

The pressing plate 24 can be moved in the X direction in FIG. 2 by a plunger 26 of an air cylinder 25, and the air cylinder 25 and the table 2 on which the air cylinder is mounted are mounted.
The assembly 8 is movable in the Y direction in FIG.

In the illustrated form, the movement in the X direction is performed by
A rail 29 extending in the X direction of FIG.
The slide 30 provided on the lower surface of the support 27 supporting the support 4 is fitted to the rail 29. The Y-direction movement is performed by providing a rail 32 extending in the Y direction of FIG. The slide 33 may be provided by fitting the rail 32.

The air cylinder 25 is connected to a regulator (not shown) for adjusting the internal air pressure.
Can be adjusted.

The screw conveyor 15 can include an extruding rod 35. The push rod 35 penetrates through the hollow of the hollow rotary shaft 15a of the screw conveyor 15 in the axial direction, and has a push plate 36 fixed to the tip. The pushing rod 35 is driven by a driving device (not shown) such as an air cylinder.

Next, the operation of the above-mentioned plastic waste disposal apparatus will be described.

When plastic waste (not shown) is continuously charged into the charging port 8, the input waste is sent to the discharging port 9 side by the screw conveyor 4, and the fixed blades 7 are arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction. Is cut off when passing through The pushing means 11 contributes to pushing the waste toward the fixed blades 7 arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction of the inner wall surface of the casing 5 and functions to improve the cutting of the waste by the fixed blades 7.

The waste is conveyed by the screw conveyor 4 and discharged from the discharge port 9 against the pressing force of the pressing plate 12 by the spring 14. In this way, the waste is
The area of the fixed blade 7 is moved under the load of the pressing force by 2 and is repeatedly and repeatedly cut by the fixed blade 7, so that the waste is efficiently and finely cut. In the area where the fixed blade 7 is provided, it was recognized that heat was generated in the waste.

Since the waste is subjected to the pressure by the pressurizing plate 12, the cut pieces of the waste become a lump and are discharged from the discharge port 9 while maintaining the temperature due to the above-mentioned heat generation.

The cut and discharged waste is supplied to an apparatus 3 for compressing and heating the cut plastic waste through an inlet 21 of a casing 20 which faces the outlet 9.
And is continuously conveyed toward the outlet 22 by the screw conveyor 15.

The waste conveyed by the screw conveyor 15 is pressed against the pressing plate 24 in the space X of the casing 20 and is compressed, and further generates heat to be partially melted, thereby reducing the volume. By controlling the air pressure in the air cylinder 25 to an appropriate value by the regulator, it is possible to avoid an excessive rise in temperature of the waste and to prevent generation of harmful gas. In addition, it is possible to eliminate damage to the drive system of the screw conveyor 15 due to overload.
Since the waste put into the casing 20 generates the above-mentioned heat in the cutting device 2, the melting efficiency in the space S is improved.

[0028] Thus, the required volume of the waste is reduced.
The treated waste is solidified by standing to cool. And
The press plate 24 is moved in the X direction to open the take-out port 22, and a table 28 on which an air cylinder 25 is mounted if necessary.
Is moved in the Y direction, and the waste solidified by the operation of the pushing rod 35 is pushed out.

[0029]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the plastic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, even if there is a string in the plastic waste, it can be cut, and the plastic waste can be cut. Can be efficiently and finely cut, the melting efficiency can be improved, and the generation of harmful gas can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view, partially cut away, showing an embodiment of a waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the waste treatment apparatus of FIG. 1 with a part cut away.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 plastic waste treatment device 2 cutting device 3 device for compressing and generating heat from cut plastic waste 4 screw conveyor 5 casing 7 fixed blade 9 discharge port 11 pushing means 12 pressure plate 14 elastic member 15 screw conveyor 24 pressing Board

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A plastic waste treatment apparatus having a cutting device for cutting plastic waste and a device for compressing the cut plastic waste to generate heat, the cutting device comprising: a screw conveyor; A circumferentially parallel fixed blade provided on the casing inner wall surface of the screw conveyor adjacent to the downstream end of the screw blade of the conveyor, the fixed blade extending so that the tip reaches near the rotation axis of the screw conveyor. A plastic waste treatment apparatus. 2. The plastic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a means for pushing waste toward the fixed blade is provided on a rotating shaft of a screw conveyor of the cutting apparatus. 3. A device for pressing waste discharged from an outlet of a casing of the screw conveyor by a screw conveyor of the cutting device in a direction opposite to a direction in which the waste is sent, wherein the pressing means is elastic. The plastic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is urged in a predetermined direction by a member. 4. The plastic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a pitch of the screw blades of the screw conveyor of the cutting device is gradually narrowed in a direction in which the waste is fed. . 5. A device for compressing the cut plastic waste to generate heat, comprising: a screw conveyor for receiving and conveying the plastic waste cut by the cutting device; and a waste discharged from the screw conveyor. 5. The apparatus for treating plastic waste according to claim 1, further comprising means for pressing in a direction opposite to the discharge direction.