JP4578306B2 - Shearing crusher - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a crushing apparatus used for crushing small wastes or regular industrial wastes, and in particular, prevents an excessive load from being applied to a crushing mechanism that shreds and crushes a crushing object. The present invention relates to a shearing crusher having a function.

  A shearing crusher is a device that shreds general waste or industrial waste (also referred to as crushing object) into small crushing objects with a shearing blade or rotating cutter, and easily handles crushing objects of various sizes. It is a device that shreds and crushes to below a certain size, and is used in recycling and incineration pretreatment processes to recover resources from waste.

  Among such shearing type crushing devices, there is also a device that uses cutting waste generated by a machine tool as an object to be crushed, and in such an apparatus is a fee for conveying the object to be crushed to the cutting waste crushing means. It is known to use a screw-type conveying device. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

  Also, it is conveyed to the crushing means side by the screw, pressed against the crushing surface of the crushing plate by the conveying force of the screw, and refined while being crushed between the crushing surface and the movable crushing chip that is rotated while sliding. In addition, the refined chips are also known to be collected in the treated product collection box from the treated product discharge port. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2).

A further object of the present invention is to provide a compact cutting crushing means that can efficiently transfer, take up and crush cutting waste and crush it, and that also saves space and provides a cutting waste crushing means used therefor. In addition, a crusher of a cutting crushing device provided with a crusher for crushing cutting waste is alternately arranged between a rotary blade row in which a plurality of rotary blades are arranged in parallel on a rotary shaft, and adjacent rotary blades of the rotary blade row. A cutter unit having a fixed blade and a support frame that rotatably supports the rotary blade row and fixes the fixed blade, and crushes the cutting waste by causing the rotary blade and the fixed blade to intersect closely, In the apparatus for discharging the crushed material below the cutter unit, the screw type conveyor includes a hopper unit and a conveying unit of a screw conveyor that connects between the cutting waste crushing means. A conveying screw formed in a spiral shape along the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, extending the rotating shaft from the hopper portion to the cutting waste crushing means, and substantially parallel to the rotating shaft of the rotating blade row and Arranged close to each other, pivotally supported on one side end of the rotating shaft on one side wall of the hopper, and pivotally supported on the other side end on the support frame side of the cutting waste crushing means, There is also known a cutting waste crushing device in which driving means for driving the cutting waste transfer means and the cutting waste crushing means are connected to a side end portion of the screw conveyor where the cutting waste crushing means is provided. (For example, refer to Patent Document 3).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-23295 (first to fourth pages, FIG. 2) JP 2000-94264 A (Pages 1 to 7, FIGS. 3 and 6) JP 2004-175840 A (page 1 to page 17, FIGS. 14 to 20)

  However, these conventional devices do not have a device that prevents an excessive load from being applied to the crushing mechanism that shreds and crushes the object to be crushed. It has not been solved by using a feed mechanism.

  In the case of such a conventional apparatus, there is a problem that the installation space of the facility becomes large, and there is a problem that it is difficult to install and use in a factory or the like.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide a shearing crushing apparatus that can be easily installed at any time even in a small space of a factory without lowering the processing capacity.

To solve the above problem,
The invention of claim 1 includes a crushing mechanism having a rotary cutter in which rotating blades are arranged in parallel in the axial direction so as to shred the object to be crushed, and a feed mechanism for assisting in supplying the object to be crushed to the crushing mechanism. The feed mechanism is provided in parallel with the rotation axis of the rotary cutter and adjacent to the horizontal direction of the rotary cutter, in accordance with a crushing load applied to the crushing mechanism and a screw having a spiral shape on the outer periphery. A shearing crushing device having a control device for controlling rotation of a screw is provided.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, the rotation control of the screw reduces the bias of the amount of the object to be crushed supplied to the crushing portion, and prevents an excessive load from being generated in the crushing mechanism such as a rotary cutter or a fixed blade.

  The invention of claim 2 comprises a crushing mechanism having a rotary cutter in which rotary blades are arranged in parallel in the axial direction so as to shred the object to be crushed, and a feed mechanism for assisting in supplying the object to be crushed to the crushing mechanism. The feed mechanism is provided in parallel with the rotation axis of the rotary cutter and adjacent to the horizontal direction of the rotary cutter, in accordance with a crushing load applied to the crushing mechanism and a screw having a spiral shape on the outer periphery. There is provided a shearing crushing device having a control device for rotating a screw by switching to a forward rotation or a reverse rotation.

  In the invention of claim 2, the uncrushed crushing object bitten by the crushing mechanism while moving in the bearing direction in the crushing mechanism is controlled by controlling the rotation direction of the screw of the feed mechanism in the reverse direction. Since the object is moved in the anti-bearing direction of the crushing mechanism, the uneven distribution of the crushing object supplied to the crushing mechanism can be reduced, and the load on the rotary cutter or screw can be reduced.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the screw according to the first or second aspect is cantilevered on a wall surface on the front side in the supply progress direction of the object to be crushed, and the crushing mechanism is opposed to the rotary blade of the rotary cutter. A shearing crushing device having a fixed blade cooperating with a rotary blade is provided.

  In the invention of claim 3, by controlling the rotation of the screw, the amount and distribution of the objects to be crushed supplied to the crushing mechanism are controlled to prevent an excessive load from being generated on the crushing mechanism, and at the same time the processing capacity is increased, and the installation space is increased. It is possible to provide a shearing crushing apparatus that can be easily installed and used with a reduced number of components.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shearing type crushing apparatus in which the feeding mechanism according to the third aspect has a discharge port for a crushing object at a free end opposite to a wall surface provided with a bearing for pivotally supporting a screw. I will provide a.

  According to the invention of claim 4, when the amount of the object to be crushed is excessive or when an excessive load is applied to the crushing mechanism, an excessive object to be crushed can be discharged from the discharge port. The mechanism can be released from an overload condition. This also provides a shearing crusher having a large processing capacity, and can be easily installed and used with a reduced installation space.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the screw control device for controlling the rotation of the screw according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is configured to switch and control the rotation of the screw according to a preset time cycle. A shearing crusher is provided.

  In the invention of claim 5, by controlling the rotation of the screw according to a preset time cycle, the bias in the direction of the rotation axis of the object to be crushed supplied to the crushing part is reduced, and an excessive load is generated on the crushing mechanism. At the same time, it is possible to provide a shearing crushing apparatus having a large processing capacity with a simple apparatus.

  A sixth aspect of the present invention is the crushing mechanism according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the control device that controls the rotation of the rotary cutter controls the rotation of the rotary cutter according to the load of the crushing object. A shearing crushing apparatus is provided.

  In the invention of claim 6, the control according to the load amount of the crushing object and the control for reducing the deviation in the direction of the rotation axis are performed by the rotation control of the rotary cutter according to the load of the crushing object applied to the crushing mechanism. An excessive load can be prevented from occurring in the mechanism, and a shearing crushing apparatus having a large processing capacity can be provided with a simple apparatus.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the screw control device for controlling the rotation of the screw according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the screw rotation direction depends on the amount of the crushing object supplied to the crushing section. And a shearing crushing device adapted to control the rotation speed.

  In the invention of claim 7, by controlling the rotation of the screw, the amount of the crushing object supplied to the crushing part and the deviation in the rotating shaft direction are reduced, and an excessive load is prevented from being generated in the crushing mechanism, and at the same time a small and large process It is possible to provide a shearing crushing apparatus that has capacity and can be easily installed and used with a reduced installation space.

  As described above, the shearing-type crushing apparatus according to the present invention includes a fixed blade fixed to a housing, a crushing mechanism including a rotary cutter that shreds and crushes an object to be crushed in cooperation with the fixed blade, A feed mechanism that feeds an object to be shredded to the crushing mechanism, the feed mechanism having a screw having a spiral on the outer periphery, and the screw rotates so as to be parallel to the rotation axis of the rotary cutter Since it has a control device that is installed next to the cutter and controls the rotation of the screw according to the crushing load applied to the crushing mechanism, it prevents the reduction of the processing capacity and has a small and large processing capacity. A shearing type crushing apparatus can be provided.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a shearing crushing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 is a front view of a partial cutout showing a shearing type crushing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the crushing part 3 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a shearing type crushing apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the shearing crushing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the implementation of the present invention. It is a time chart which shows an example of the operating condition of the shearing-type crushing apparatus which concerns on a form.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the shearing crushing apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a hopper 2 that is used for loading a crushing object 1, a crushing unit 3 that is provided in the lower part of the hopper 2, and a lower part of the crushing unit 3. The main body of the apparatus is formed from the discharge chute 4 attached to.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the crushing unit 3 includes a crushing mechanism 5 and a feed mechanism 6, and the crushing mechanism 5 and the feed mechanism 6 include a front wall 30, side walls 31 and 32, and a back wall. The horizontal cross section formed by 25 is housed in a rectangular housing 33. The upper part of the housing 33 opens toward the hopper 2 for facilitating the taking of the object 1 to be crushed, and the lower part of the housing 33 is directed to the discharge chute 4 so that the shredded and crushed object can be dropped. Open.

  The crushing mechanism 5 includes a rotary cutter 8 and a fixed blade 7. The rotary cutter 8 has a rotating shaft 9 rotatably supported by bearings 10 and 11 on the front wall 30 and the back wall 25 of the housing, and the same size fixed to the rotating shaft 9 in parallel at a predetermined interval in the axial direction. And a collar 28 attached between the rotary blades 16 adjacent to each other on the rotary shaft 9 and between the rotary blades 16 at both ends in the axial direction and the front wall 30 and the back wall 25. On the circumferential portion of each rotary blade 16, a cutting edge 26 is formed at a predetermined angle and interval as a cutting blade only in one rotational direction. The cutting edge 26 does not become a cutting edge when rotating in the opposite direction.

  The collar 28 preferably has an outer circular shape, has a size that determines the size of the object 1 to be shredded by each rotary blade 16 and creates a sufficient space for the shredded material to fall. Yes.

  The fixed blade 7 extends parallel to the axial direction of the rotary cutter 8, is fixed between the front wall 30 and the back wall 25 so as to cooperate with each rotary blade 16, and faces the rotary cutter 8 together with the housing side wall. The support member 34 that determines the width of the crushing part is supported integrally or separately. The fixed blade 7 may be composed of a single blade extending in parallel with the rotary shaft 9 or a plurality of blades provided for each rotary blade 16. As shown in FIG. 2, the fixed blade support member 34 forms a curved guide surface that guides the crushed material downward on the lower side of the rotary blade 16.

  One end of the rotary shaft 9 of the rotary cutter 8 protrudes from the front wall 30 and extends outward, and is connected to an electric motor 13 attached outside the housing via a speed reducer 12.

  In the present embodiment, the crushing mechanism 5 is provided with a feed mechanism 6 for the crushing object 1 in parallel. The feed mechanism 6 includes a cylindrical screw 17 that extends parallel to the rotary shaft 9 of the rotary cutter 8 and has a ridge 15 that spirals as a feed plate for the object 1 to be crushed on the outer periphery. The protrusions 15 of the screw 17 may be plate-like as in the present embodiment, or may be another protruding shape integrally formed on the screw 17 in a spiral shape.

  Further, the direction of the ridge 15 is a rotation in which the upper ridge 15 supplies the crushing object 1 to the fixed blade 7 as in the clockwise rotation in FIG. At this time, it is preferable to attach it obliquely so that a force for sending the object 1 to be crushed to the front wall 30 side (in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3) works.

  When such a ridge 15 is formed, when the screw 17 is rotated in the reverse direction, the crushing object 1 in the feeding mechanism 6 is fed toward the back wall 25 while being moved toward the side wall 31 side. Force is given by the ridge 15.

  One end of the screw 17 is supported in a cantilevered manner so as to be rotatable on the front wall 30 side via the bearing 18, and one end side protrudes out of the housing from the front wall 30, like the rotary shaft 9 of the rotary cutter 8. Therefore, it is connected to an electric motor 20 for a feed mechanism via a speed reducer 19 different from the crushing mechanism 5.

  The free end of the screw 17 is rotatably supported by a hook-shaped holding plate 35 having a U-shaped cross section in the lower half, and the screw 17, the protrusion 15 and the holding plate 35 are connected to the back wall as shown in FIG. It has a structure projecting out of the apparatus from the 25 openings (discharge port 23), in other words, a free end structure that extends through the back wall 25 and out of the housing 33.

  The electric motor 13 for driving the rotary cutter and the electric motor 20 for driving the screw are controlled independently by the control devices 14 and 21, respectively.

  In the present embodiment, the arrangement positions of the two electric motors 13 and 20 and the speed reducers 14 and 21 are such that when the rotary cutter 8 is rotated for shredding and crushing, the crushing object 1 is crushed by the feed mechanism 6. Is provided on the side (in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3). That is, in FIG. 3, the housing front wall 30 is the side on which the object 1 to be crushed is sent, and the electric motors 13 and 20 are attached to the front wall 30 side.

  Thus, in the crushing part 3 where the cutting edge 26 of the crushing mechanism, the fixed blade 7 and the protrusion 15 of the feed mechanism are arranged over almost the entire upper opening of the housing 33, the crushing object introduced from the hopper 2 is provided. When 1 falls to the crushing mechanism 5 side, every time the cutting edge 26 of the rotary blade is engaged with the fixed blade 7 by the rotation of the rotary shaft 9, the crushing object 1 sandwiched between these blades is cooperated. Work and shred. At this time, most of the objects 1 to be crushed are in a state in which cutting wastes of a length of several tens of centimeters are curled and entangled with each other, so that a part of the object 1 to be crushed is shredded by rotation of the rotary blade. Then, the remaining part of the object 1 to be crushed is drawn into the meshing part of the rotary blade and the fixed blade 7, and the above action is sequentially repeated in order, and the object to be crushed has a length of several centimeters, or The shredded material is shredded to a length that does not allow the shredded materials to be entangled with each other.

  When the crushing object 1 thrown in from the hopper 2 falls to the feed mechanism side 6, the feed mechanism 6 is provided in parallel with the rotation axis of the rotary cutter and adjacent to the lateral direction of the rotary cutter. Therefore, the crushing object 1 is immediately sent to the crushing mechanism 5 by the rotation of the screw 17 of the feed mechanism 6 and the action of the ridges 15 and is shredded by the crushing mechanism in the same manner as described above.

  In this way, the crushing object 1 thrown in from the hopper 2 is sequentially sent to the crushing mechanism 5 regardless of the position of the opening of the housing 33, and is finely cut or sheared by the crushing mechanism 5. It is crushed to a size that facilitates transport and deoiling. The crushed material after being crushed can be discharged from the discharge chute 4, collected in the collection tray 22, and sent out to the next processing step.

  Further, the discharge port 23 provided in the back wall 25 of the housing of the crushing unit 3 is too large for the crushing object put into the crushing unit 3 to be crushed by the crushing mechanism 5 or the feed mechanism 6. When the amount of the crushing object 1 supplied from the crushing mechanism 5 to the crushing mechanism 5 is supplied in a large amount as compared with the crushing capacity per unit time of the crushing mechanism 5, or for some reason, the rotary cutter 8 or the fixed blade 7 etc. When an excessive load is applied to the crushing mechanism 5, the excessive crushing object 1 can be discharged from the discharge port 23 without being crushed.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, among the crushing objects sent from the hopper 2 to the crushing unit 3, the crushing object 1 directly taken in between the fixed blade 7 and the cutting edge 26 of the rotary blade. Is chopped finely by the rotating blade edge 26, or is crushed or crushed by the interaction of the chopped pieces.

  Moreover, the crushing object 1 that did not reach the fixed blade 7 directly rotates while being moved in the crushing part 3 by the entanglement between the crushing objects, the feeding mechanism 6 and the action of the rotary blade 16. The crushed material, which is drawn between the stationary blade 7 by the cutting edge 26 of the rotating blade and sequentially shredded and crushed, is discharged to the outside of the crushing device through the discharge chute 4.

  Such shredding and crushing by the rotary blade 16 is performed when the crushing object 1 is supplied over the entire crushing mechanism 5, and the whole crushing mechanism 5 is provided by a large number of rotary blades 16 arranged in parallel in the axial direction. Is shredded and crushed. When the crushing object 1 supplied from the hopper 2 is supplied biased to a part of the crushing mechanism 5, the crushing object 1 is moved to the bearing side by the feed mechanism, and then is shredded by the crushing mechanism 5. Cutting and crushing are performed.

  As shown in the figure, in the crushing device having a structure in which the rotary shaft 9 and the screw shaft 17 are substantially horizontal, the horizontal movement of the crushing object 1 before crushing supplied from the hopper 2 is entangled crushing. Except for being pulled in when the object is sequentially crushed, the crushed material for shredding / crushing is supplied mostly by the movement of the ridge caused by the rotation of the screw shaft 17.

  The feed mechanism 6 is a mechanism for moving and dispersing the object 1 to be crushed in the crushing unit 3 with little movement in the crushing unit 3, and is rotated by an electric motor 20 via a speed reducer 19 and a screw 17. The crushing object 1 on the feed mechanism 6 is moved and dispersed in the axial direction of the screw 17 and the rotary cutter 8 by controlling the rotation speed of the protruding ridge 15 with the control device 21, and crushed by the crushing mechanism 5. The object 1 is supplied so that more rotary cutters 8 function.

  Due to the function of the crushing unit 3, the crushing object 1 or the crushing mechanism 5 that is supplied from the hopper 2 and does not fall directly on the rotary cutter 8 of the crushing mechanism 5 but falls on the feeding mechanism 6 part is immediately reduced. The crushing object 1 that stays in the crushing mechanism 5 part without being cut or crushed is also moved in the direction of the front wall 30 or the rear wall 25 by the action of the feed mechanism 6, and the rotary blades of the crushing mechanism 5 sequentially. It is sent to the blade edge 26 and shredded and crushed.

  In this case, the size of the crushed material after being shredded and crushed is determined by the thickness of the rotary blade 16 (width in the axial direction). For example, when the thickness of the rotary blade is about 20 mm, assembly / conveying processing and post-processing of the cut material after being collected on the collection tray 22 become easy.

  The shredding / crushing ability of the crushing object 1 is determined by the pitch of the cutting edge 26 arranged on the circumference of the rotary blade 16, the thickness of the rotary blade, and the rotational speed of the rotary cutter 8. Since it is taken in by the rotary blade 16 due to the gravity applied to the object and the entanglement between many crushing objects, even if the crushing object 1 is rotated faster than the time taken by the fixed blade 7 or the cutting edge 26 of the rotating blade. The cutter does not work.

  The rotary blade 16 is desirably controlled and rotated at an optimum speed in accordance with the relationship between the size and mass of the object 1 to be crushed and the supply speed to the rotary cutter 8.

  Moreover, the drive of the rotary cutter 8 was mounted on the shaft by dispersing the crushing object 1 over the entire rotary cutter 8 rather than shredding and crushing the crushing object 1 with only some rotary blades 16. It is preferable to control the feed mechanism 6 and the rotary cutter 8 in association with each other since the efficiency of shredding and crushing is improved by causing a large number of rotary blades 16 to function and crushing.

  FIG. 5 is a time chart showing an example of the operation state of the rotation of the rotary cutter 8 and the screw 17.

  In FIG. 5, the vertical axis indicates rotation in the crushing direction of the rotary cutter 8 of the crushing mechanism (forward rotation), rotation of crushing pause (reverse rotation), supply rotation (forward rotation) and discharge rotation (reverse rotation) of the screw 17 of the feed mechanism. The operation state of the crushing apparatus accompanying the rotation of the rotary cutter 8 and the screw 17 is shown, and the horizontal axis represents an example of the control of the rotary cutter 8 and the screw 17 that changes with time and the operation of the crushing apparatus at that time. Indicates the state.

  In FIG. 5, for example, when the object 1 to be crushed is conveyed by the conveyor 27 and supplied to the hopper 2 and the shearing crusher is activated, the rotary cutter 8 rotates counterclockwise as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 2. (Forward rotation), the cutting edge 26 cooperates with the fixed blade 7 to start shredding and crushing of the crushing object 1.

  The screw 17 rotates clockwise (forward rotation), and sends the crushing object supplied to the feeding mechanism 6 to the crushing mechanism 5. In the crushing mechanism 5, shredding and crushing of the crushing object 1 sent from the feed mechanism 6 and the crushing object 1 supplied from the hopper are continued, and the processed crushing substance is discharged to the discharge chute 4.

  At this time, if there is no change in the load conditions, such as a particularly large load compared to the activated state, the rotary cutter 8 continues normal rotation and performs steady operation. On the other hand, the rotation of the screw 17 is, for example, 5 seconds of supply rotation (forward rotation), several seconds of pause, 2 seconds of discharge rotation (reverse rotation), several seconds of pause, again 5 seconds of supply rotation, several seconds of pause, 2 While repeating a rotation and pause cycle (hereinafter also referred to as a feed cycle) such as a second discharge rotation, it helps to improve the efficiency of the crushing object 3 in the crushing section 3 and the crushing mechanism 5 in the crushing crushing process. The operation is performed as follows (in FIG. 5, the illustration of the resting state is omitted).

  In the shredding and crushing process by the crushing mechanism 5, when an overload state is detected for some reason (P in FIG. 5), the rotation of the rotary cutter 8 is reversely rotated, for example, for 5 seconds. The rotation of the screw 17 is, for example, released for 15 seconds. At this time, after the reverse rotation for 5 seconds, the rotary cutter 8 returns to the normal rotation and resumes the shredding and crushing process, and the screw 17 is stopped for several seconds after the discharge rotation for 15 seconds, and the above-mentioned feed is performed. Returning to the cycle, the shredding and crushing processing of the crushing object 1 similar to that at the time of activation is resumed.

  If the rotation of the rotary cutter 8 is reversed, the fixed blade 7 and the blade tip 26 of the rotary cutter cannot cooperate, so the crushing object remaining in the crushing mechanism 5 is shredded and crushed by the rotary cutter 8. Instead, the crushing mechanism 5 and the feed mechanism 6 are floated and moved in the crushing section 3.

  On the other hand, when the rotation of the screw 17 of the feed mechanism 6 is released and rotated, the protrusion 15 of the screw 17 causes the object to be crushed in the feed mechanism 6 to be fed from the side wall 31 side and the front wall 30 side to the back wall 25. Move to the side. At this time, when the discharge rotation time is short, the crushing object spreads over the entire crushing mechanism 5, and when the discharge rotation time is long, the crushing object is pushed out of the crushing device from the discharge port 23 of the back wall 25. .

  At this time, the object to be crushed floating in the crushing unit 3 is sent to the feeding mechanism 6 side, which is the cause of the overload on the rotary cutter 8, or distributed over the entire surface of the crushing mechanism. Since the load is applied to the rotary cutter 8 or the screw 17, the rotary cutter 8 can be released from the overload state.

  The discharge port 23 may not be formed on the back wall 25, but the screw 17 is supported in a cantilevered structure by the bearing 18 so that it is excessively adjacent to the back wall on the side where the bearing 18 is not formed. If the discharge port 23 of the causal agent at the time of loading is formed, it becomes easy to form the discharge port 23 of the causative agent of overload, and the crushing apparatus can be a simple structure and a small apparatus.

  Further, the screw 17, the ridge 15 and the holding plate 35 protrude from the opening (discharge port 23) of the back wall 15 to the outside of the apparatus, thereby causing excessively supplied crushing objects and overload. When objects are mixed in the crushing mechanism 5, these objects are released outside the crushing device to protect the device, or prevent accidental damage to the equipment. It can also be reduced.

  When the unprocessed crushing object discharged from the discharge port 23 is not a foreign object that is not suitable for crushing processing, the crushing object is appropriately returned to the hopper 2, and shredding / crushing processing is again performed by the crushing mechanism 5. Made.

  In shredding and crushing processing by such a crushing apparatus, when an overload state is detected in the crushing mechanism 5, simultaneously with this, an overload state is also detected in the feed mechanism 6 (Q in FIG. 5). Alternatively, when the overload state is detected in the feed mechanism 6 while the rotation of the screw 17 is being rotated in the overload state (P in FIG. 5) described above, the rotation of the rotary cutter 8 is, for example, At the same time as the reverse rotation for 5 seconds, the rotation of the screw 17 is, for example, 15 seconds of discharge rotation, followed by several seconds of pause, 5 seconds of supply rotation, several seconds of pause, and similar discharge, supply rotation (overload cycle) (Also called).

  In spite of the operation of this overload cycle, when an overload condition is detected again in the feed mechanism 6, the overload cycle is repeated until the overload detection is stopped. The rotation of the screw 17 returns to the feeding cycle described above.

  On the other hand, when the overload detection in the crushing mechanism 5 continues despite the operation of the overload feed cycle corresponding to the overload detection in the feed mechanism 6 (S in FIG. 5), the rotation of the rotary cutter 8 At the same time, the feed mechanism 6 continues the overload cycle operation at the same time as the reverse rotation again for 5 seconds, and when the overload detection in the crushing mechanism 5 and the feed mechanism 6 disappears (R in FIG. 5), The same operation, that is, the rotary cutter 8 returns to the normal rotation, and the screw 17 returns to the above-described feed cycle and supply rotation, and the shredding and crushing processing of the crushing object 1 proceeds.

  Control of setting time and rotation speed of the rotary cutter 8 in the crushing mechanism 5 as described above, and setting and control of rotation speed, feed cycle time, and overload cycle time of the screw 17 in the feed mechanism 6 are supplied to the hopper 2. It differs depending on the type of the object 1 to be crushed, its length and thickness, the supply amount of the object to be crushed per time, and the like. These are the operations of the crushing mechanism 5 and the feed mechanism 6 such as the rotation direction, cycle time, and rest time so that the supplied crushing object 1 is efficiently shredded and crushed by the crushing device. This can be realized by determining the time value and setting the determined time in the control devices 14 and 21.

  Moreover, since the same value can be used about the same crushing object 1 about the setting of the operation time setting of a rotary cutter 8, a feed cycle time, and an overload cycle time, it installs in the side of the specific machine tool in a factory. When installing in a place where the properties of the object 1 to be crushed do not change, such as when performing control, the control settings can be completed in one time set.

  For example, in a place where a large amount of crushing objects of a specific shape are discharged, such as curled long cutting waste generated when cutting with a machine tool centered on a lathe installed in a factory, this device As a shear-type crushing device with a simple structure that can be used with a constant control time, it is installed in the small space under or on the side of each machine tool, and efficiently cuts and crushes long cuttings and conveys them. Or a crushed material having a shape and size that can be easily processed.

  Thus, in the shearing type crushing device of the present invention, the interruption of the operation of the device is reduced as much as possible, and the shredded material is automatically shredded and crushed into a size suitable for the processing of the crushing object. Discharged.

  Moreover, the shearing type crushing apparatus of the present invention can make the crushing part having the smallest plane cross section by juxtaposing the screw 17 of the feeding mechanism and the crushing mechanism 5 side by side. Compared to this, the crushing device becomes even simpler and more compact. It efficiently captures the cutting waste generated by the cutting of a machine tool mainly composed of a lathe, finely crushes it, and transports the crushed material and performs secondary processing. It is possible to provide a crushing apparatus that can be easily installed even in a limited small space between machine tools, and that has simplified the processing of cutting scraps as compared with the prior art.

  Although the description based on the drawings of the embodiments is finished as described above, the aspect of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

  For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the rotary shaft 9 and the screw 17 of the rotary cutter 8 are disposed horizontally, but these shafts may be inclined. In particular, when the screw 17 is inclined so as to descend from the bearing 18 toward the discharge port 23, the overload-causing substance is caused not only by the action of the ridge 15 but also by the action of gravity on the discharge port side. Since it is sent, the function of removing and releasing the causative substance of abnormal operation is enhanced.

  Further, the direction of rotation of the screw 17 and the direction of movement of the crushing object 2 differ depending on the direction of the ridge 15 formed on the screw 17. At the time of forward rotation in which the crushing process is performed by the crushing mechanism 5, it can be said that it is preferable that the movement of the crushing object 1 by the screw 17 is a rotation on the side away from the crushing mechanism. In consideration of the relationship between the inclination of the shaft, the position of the fixed blade 7 and the direction of the ridges 15, the most suitable inclination and rotation direction of the shaft for the object 1 to be processed are selected. The mechanism is determined.

  When a large amount of the crushing object 1 is supplied, the rotational speed of the rotary cutter 8 and the rotational speed of the screw 17 are controlled, or the rotational speed of the rotary cutter 8 and the rotational speed of the screw 17 are associated with each other. You may do it. Furthermore, the feed mechanism 6 also detects the amount of the crushing object 1 supplied to the hopper 2, the amount of the crushing object 1 remaining in the crushing mechanism 5, and the dispersion state in the crushing mechanism 5 with a sensor (not shown). The rotation speed of the screw 17 is determined by the control device 21, and the rotation control of the screw 17 is controlled by the control device 21 so that the object 1 to be crushed is shredded and crushed while being dispersed throughout the crushing mechanism 5. For example, depending on the type of object to be crushed, the ridges of the feed mechanism may be partially discontinuous, the helical pitch and the height and width of the ridges may be different, etc. The overall configuration of the apparatus can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

It is a front view of the partial notch which shows the shearing type crushing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded sectional view of the crushing part of FIG. It is the top view which notched the principal part which shows embodiment of the shearing-type crushing apparatus of this invention. It is a rear view of the shearing type crushing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a time chart which shows an example of the operating condition of the shearing type crushing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crushing object 2 Hopper 3 Crushing part 4 Discharge chute 5 Crushing mechanism 6 Feeding mechanism 7 Fixed blade 8 Rotating cutter 9 Rotating shaft 10, 11, 18 Bearing 12, 19 Reducer 13, 20 Electric motor 14, 21 Controller 15 Projection 16 Rotating blade 17 Screw 23 Discharge port 25 Back wall 26 Cutting edge 28 (of rotating blade) Collar 30 Front wall 31, 32 Side wall 33 Housing 35 Holding plate

Claims (7)

  A crushing mechanism having a rotating cutter in which rotary blades are arranged in parallel in the axial direction and shred the object to be crushed, and a feed mechanism for assisting the supply of the object to be crushed to the crushing mechanism, A screw parallel to the rotation axis of the rotary cutter and adjacent to the horizontal direction of the rotary cutter and having a spiral spiral on the outer periphery, and a control for controlling the rotation of the screw according to the crushing load applied to the crushing mechanism A shearing crushing device.   A crushing mechanism having a rotating cutter in which rotary blades are arranged in parallel in the axial direction and shred the object to be crushed, and a feed mechanism for assisting the supply of the object to be crushed to the crushing mechanism, A screw that is provided parallel to the rotation axis of the rotary cutter and adjacent to the horizontal direction of the rotary cutter and has a spiral spiral on the outer periphery, and a screw that rotates in the positive direction according to the crushing load applied to the crushing mechanism A shearing crushing device having a control device that switches to rotation in the reverse direction to rotate.   The screw of the feed mechanism is cantilevered on the front wall of the crushing object in the direction of supply, and the crushing mechanism has a fixed blade that faces the rotary blade of the rotary cutter and cooperates with the rotary blade. The shear type crushing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the shear type crushing apparatus is provided.   The shearing-type crushing according to claim 3, wherein the feeding mechanism has a discharge port for a crushing object on a wall surface at a free end opposite to a wall surface provided with a bearing for pivotally supporting a screw. apparatus.   The shear control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the screw control device for controlling the rotation of the screw switches and controls the rotation of the screw according to a preset time cycle. Crushing equipment.   In the crushing mechanism having a rotary cutter in which a plurality of rotary blades are arranged in parallel in the axial direction to shred the object to be shredded, the control device for controlling the rotation of the rotary cutter is in accordance with the load on the object to be shredded. The shear type crushing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the rotation of the rotary cutter is controlled.   The screw control device for controlling the rotation of the screw controls the rotation direction and the rotation speed of the screw in accordance with the amount of the object to be crushed supplied to the crushing section. The shearing type crushing apparatus according to any one of the above.

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