JP2000125776A - Liquid feed using wastewater of rice washing and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide new technology capable of effectively utilizing wastewater of rice washing. SOLUTION: Lactic acid bacteria are cultured by using wastewater of rice washing containing useful components on the surface of rice after rice cleaning and lactic acid fermentation is carried out until the culture product has pH <=4.0 to produce lactic acid and to proliferate lactic acid bacteria. Especially suitable wastewater of rice washing is wastewater obtained after subjecting polished rice to a treatment not requiring washing in rice boiling. Preferable lactic acid bacteria are lactic acid bacteria for silage or starch assimilating lactic acid bacteria. A liquid feed having pH <=4.0, containing at least about 3.0 g/litter lactic acid and at least about 1.0 g/liter lactic acid bacteria can be obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a new type of livestock liquid feed utilizing rice washing wastewater and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Rice washing wastewater after polishing (so-called rice soup juice) may cause pollution of rivers and lakes as a cause of water pollution, and also discard useful components. Countermeasures have been proposed from the viewpoint of reducing economic losses. Above all, non-washing rice processing, which makes it possible to cook rice without sharpening it, can greatly reduce the amount of water required for washing rice (1/100), so it is attracting attention from the viewpoint of environmental protection, Save on water usage,
In addition, since the component loss due to rice washing can be reduced, it is welcomed in terms of cost. However, wastewater treatment does not completely eliminate wastewater, and wastewater after treatment without washing is considered to contain useful components at a high concentration. In order to use it effectively, it may be used in animal feeds, but it is not suitable because it cannot be preserved for a long period of time. An object of the present invention is to provide a new technology that can effectively utilize rice washing wastewater.

[0003]

As a result of repeated studies of the present invention, it has been found that a liquid product suitable as feed for livestock can be obtained by fermenting concentrated rice washing wastewater with lactic acid bacteria. Thus, the present invention provides a method for culturing lactic acid bacteria using rice washing wastewater containing useful components on the surface of rice after milling to adjust pH.
Lactic acid fermentation until is less than 4.0,
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a liquid feed, characterized by producing lactic acid and growing lactic acid bacteria.

[0004] The rice washing wastewater that is particularly suitable in the present invention is wastewater obtained by subjecting milled rice to a non-washing treatment. Also, preferred lactic acid bacteria for use in the present invention are lactic acid bacteria for silage or lactic acid bacteria assimilating starch.

Further, the present invention provides a feed obtained by culturing lactic acid bacteria in rice washing wastewater as described above, wherein the feed has a pH of 4.0 or less, at least about 3.0 g / l of lactic acid and at least about 3.0 g / l. A liquid feed comprising about 1.0 g / l of lactic acid bacteria is also provided.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The rice washing wastewater used for producing a liquid feed according to the present invention contains a relatively high concentration of useful components on the surface of rice after rice polishing, and is generally Contains not less than about 0.5 g / 100 g of starch, not less than about 1.0 g / 100 g of free sugar (water-soluble sugar), not less than about 1.0 g / 100 g of protein, and not more than about 1.0 g of lipid.
The content is 0 g / 100 g or more.

[0007] Particularly preferred as rice washing wastewater satisfying such conditions is wastewater obtained when non-washed rice is treated. Recently, several methods for treating rice without washing have been proposed. An example of the treatment that is suitable for the present invention is to produce freshly-polished white rice in a production apparatus linked to rice polishing. Sprayed with 15% mist water based on the weight, polished with the mist water and bran on the surface of white rice, removed the water containing bran with a centrifugal dehydrator, and dried and finished It is. At this time, if water produced as a by-product is used, lactic acid bacteria can be cultured as it is to produce a liquid feed.

[0008] The method of the present invention can also be carried out using rice washing wastewater obtained by a method other than the non-washing rice treatment method as exemplified. However, when the useful component is not contained in the rice washing wastewater to the above-mentioned extent, it cannot be used for culturing lactic acid bacteria as it is, and it is necessary to culture the lactic acid bacteria after concentrating the rice washing wastewater.

According to the present invention, a liquid feed suitable as a feed for livestock can be obtained by culturing lactic acid bacteria using fermented rice wastewater typified by the above-mentioned non-washed rice treated wastewater and performing lactic acid fermentation. After the pre-culture, it is necessary to carry out the culture at a temperature of 30 to 35 ° C. until the pH of the system becomes 4.0 or lower (generally, 10 hours or more). Contains lactic acid and bacteria (lactic acid bacteria)
In addition, a liquid feed that can be stored for a long time is obtained.

Although the method of the present invention can be carried out using various lactic acid bacteria in principle, examples of particularly preferred lactic acid bacteria are lactic acid bacteria for silage or starch-utilizing lactic acid bacteria. An example of the former is Lactobacillus plantarum, which is used when it is desired to produce a feed that is particularly suitable for livestock taste, such as aroma and taste. Preferred examples of starch-utilizing lactic acid bacteria include Lactobacillus am
ylovorus , which is high in lactic acid and bacterial mass and has a sufficiently low pH, and is particularly suitable for obtaining a liquid feed excellent in effectiveness and storage life.

The liquid product obtained by lactic acid fermentation of rice washing wastewater according to the present invention has a pH of 4.0 or less, and it has been confirmed that most of the various bacteria are inhibited. Therefore, this liquid product does not spoil or deteriorate over a long period of time (at least half a year) even when left at room temperature, so that it is excellent in storage life as a liquid feed.

In addition, such a liquid feed obtained according to the present invention has a sufficient amount of lactic acid (at least 3.0 g / l).
l) and lactic acid bacteria (at least 1.0 g / l). When given to livestock such as cows as they are or mixed with other feeds, they help digestion and promote intestinal regulation to promote livestock health. Has been found to contribute to safe breeding.

[0013]

EXAMPLES The following examples are provided to further clarify the features of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited by these examples. Example 1: Lactic acid fermentation by lactic acid bacteria for silage Preservative bacteria of lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum for silage [Institute for Fermentation, Osaka (IFO:
Fermentation laboratory) as a preculture medium (yeast extract: 0.25%, polypeptone: 0.5%,
(Glucose: 0.1%), 1 liter of the pre-cultured liquid was inoculated into 20 liters of rice washing wastewater, and cultured at 30 to 35 ° C. The used rice washing wastewater was water obtained by subjecting Shimane-produced Koshihikari to the above-described non-washing rice treatment, and its composition was as follows: free sugar (1.4 g /
100 g), starch (0.91 g / 100 g), protein (1.36 g / 100 g), lipid (1.34 g / 100 g)
g), ash (0.94 g / 100 g), solid content (65 g /
Liter), BOD (68 g / liter), COD (5
4 g / liter).

The free sugar was analyzed by the "Somogyi-Nelson method". That is, a copper reagent was added to a sample diluted appropriately, heated, quenched, and Nelson's reagent was added. The blue-green color generated at that time was measured for the absorbance at a wavelength of 660 nm with a photoelectric colorimeter, and the free sugar was determined from the standard curve. The amount was determined. In addition, the analytical methods or analytical instruments for other components are as follows: starch (method for use), protein (automated protein analyzer, 1035 ANALYZER manufactured by TECATOR), lipid (electronic balance, METTLER AE-240) , Solid content (electronic balance, 1702MP8 manufactured by Sartorius), BOD (BOD automatic measuring device, KI-100-B3A and DO-300-40A manufactured by Labotech), COD (method for use).

Table 1 shows the results of the culture. As can be understood from this table, rice washing wastewater is used as it is as a medium for lactic acid bacteria, and lactic acid fermentation is progressing.
Was reduced to 4.0, and the growth of most bacteria could be inhibited.

[0016]

[Table 1]

Example 2 Milk with starch-utilizing lactic acid bacteria
Preservative bacteria of Lactobacillus amylovorus, a lactic acid bacterium that can utilize acid-fermented starch (Japan Collection of Microorganism, Institute
of Physical and Chemical Research (Hirosawa, Wak
o) as JCM1126] in a pre-culture medium (yeast extract: 0.25%, polypeptone: 0.5%, glucose: 0.1%), and 1 liter of the pre-cultured solution was used in Example 1. Inoculate the same 20 liters of rice washing wastewater
Stationary culture was performed at 30 to 35 ° C.

Table 2 shows the results of the culture. The use of starch-utilizing lactic acid bacteria slightly lowers the rate of lactic acid generation and cell growth, but can lower the pH and the amount of lactic acid production as compared with the case of using lactic acid bacteria for silage as in Example 1. It is understood that a liquid product with increased preservability and activity can be obtained.

[0019]

[Table 2]

The analysis of the amount of lactic acid produced and the amount of cells in Examples 1 and 2 were performed as follows. Lactic acid production: analyzed by "Berker & Summerson method". That is, lactic acid in the sample is oxidized to acetaldehyde with concentrated sulfuric acid, ρ-hydroxydiphenyl is added in the presence of cuprous ion, and the blue-violet color emitted at that time is measured for absorbance at a wavelength of 570 nm with a photoelectric colorimeter. Then, the amount of lactic acid was determined from the standard curve. Cell quantity: The culture solution was diluted 10-fold, and the turbidity was measured for absorbance at a wavelength of 660 nm using a photoelectric colorimeter. Based on a standard curve showing the correlation between the previously prepared turbidity and the dry weight of the cells. The cell mass was calculated.

Example 3: Dosage test on livestock The dairy cow (3 years old) was fed with the liquid product obtained by the lactic acid fermentation of Example 2 as a feed daily, 1.5 liters in the morning and evening, and observed for half a year. . As a control, observations were also made on dairy cows of the same age who did not receive the liquid feed.

As a result, the dairy cows fed the liquid feed obtained by lactic acid fermentation of the rice washing wastewater clearly had less diarrhea,
It was confirmed that there was no decrease in milk yield in summer and that the smell of feces was small. Thus, it is presumed that the liquid feed of the present invention assists digestion of cattle by lactic acid and lactic acid bacteria and activates the function of the intestine.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. Lactic acid bacteria are cultivated using rice washing wastewater containing useful components on the surface of polished rice, and lactic acid fermentation is carried out until the pH becomes 4.0 or less, whereby lactic acid is produced and lactic acid bacteria are produced. A method for producing a liquid feed, wherein the method comprises growing. 2. The method for producing a liquid feed according to claim 1, wherein the rice washing wastewater is wastewater obtained by subjecting milled rice to non-washing treatment. 3. The method for producing a liquid feed according to claim 1, wherein the lactic acid bacteria are lactic acid bacteria for silage. 4. The method for producing a liquid feed according to claim 1, wherein the lactic acid bacterium is a starch-assimilating lactic acid bacterium. 5. A lactic acid bacterium obtained by culturing lactic acid bacteria in rice washing wastewater, wherein the pH is 4.0 or less and at least about 3.0 g.
/ L lactic acid and at least about 1.0 g / l lactic acid bacteria.