JP2000117506A - Automatic lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an automatic lathe to execute simultaneous machining of different kinds by different tools mounted on a plurality of tool rests and to simplify each shaft drive mechanism and a control mechanism through reduction of the number of control shafts. SOLUTION: An automatic lathe 10 is provided with a tool rest device 18 movably arranged on a machine bed 12 in front of a rotary main spindle 14, The tool rest device 18 comprises a slide 22 moved on the machine bed 12 in the direction of a Z1 axis paralleling the central axis of the rotary main spindle 14; a moving base 24 moved over the slide 22 in the direction of an Y-axis extending orthogonally to a Z1-axis; a first tool rest 26 moved over moving base 24 in the direction of an X-axis extending orthogonally to the Z1-axis and the Y-axis; and a second tool rest 28 moved over the moving base 24 in the direction of a Z2-axis independently from operation of the slide 22. The first tool rest 26 is provided in the front thereof with a plurality of cutting tools 70. The second tool rest 28 is provided in front thereof with a plurality of cutting tools 78. Under control of four axes in a total, the first and second tool rests 26 and 28 are driven independently from each other and simultaneous machining is executed on a material to be machined.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to an automatic lathe. In this specification, an automatic lathe means any machine tool capable of performing automatic turning, such as an NC lathe.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an automatic lathe such as an NC lathe, a plurality of turrets each having a plurality of tools mounted thereon are provided, and the turrets are multi-axis controlled so that a workpiece to be gripped by a rotating spindle can be used. 2. Description of the Related Art A multifunctional automatic lathe capable of performing various processes is known.

For example, JP-A-63-74502 discloses that
An NC equipped with a first turret and a second turret which are installed on the machine in front of a rotating spindle and operate independently in multiple axes.
A lathe is disclosed. In this NC lathe, the first tool post is installed on a longitudinal feeder that moves in the Z-axis direction parallel to the center axis of the rotary spindle, and X is perpendicular to the Z-axis on this longitudinal feeder.
Move in one axis direction. A plurality of cutting tools are fixedly installed on the first tool rest, and a plurality of hole drilling tools are respectively installed so as to be movable in a B-axis direction parallel to the Z-axis. The first tool rest selects a tool by moving the X1 axis, and controls the cutting amount of the cutting tool by moving the X1 axis. The second tool rest moves on the same longitudinal feeder in the X2 axis direction different from the X1 axis and in the Y axis direction orthogonal to both the Z axis and the X2 axis. A plurality of cutting tools are fixedly installed on the second tool rest. Then, the second tool rest selects a tool by moving in the Y-axis and moves the Z-axis together with the longitudinal feed while processing the cutting amount of the tool by moving in the X-axis to process the workpiece.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-83101 discloses a first annular tool rest and a second turret tool rest which are installed on a machine stand in front of a rotary spindle and operate independently of each other. An NC lathe is disclosed. In this NC lathe, the annular tool rest is installed on a longitudinal feed base that moves in the Z-axis direction parallel to the central axis of the rotary spindle.
X-axis direction orthogonal to the axis and Y-axis orthogonal to the Z-axis and the X-axis
Move in the axial direction. A plurality of tools are fixedly installed on the annular tool rest. Then, the annular tool rest selects a tool by moving the X and Y axes, and controls the cutting amount of the tool by moving the X and Y axes. Further, the turret tool post moves independently of the longitudinal feed bar in the Z-axis direction and, if necessary, in the X-axis or Y-axis direction. A plurality of drilling tools are installed on the turret tool post. Then, the turret tool post selects a tool by indexing rotation, and moves the Z-axis separately from the longitudinal feed base to process the workpiece.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-7450
In the NC lathe disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No.
Since one turret is used, the tool of the other turret can wait for the tool of the other turret to be close to the workpiece when using the tool of the other turret, so that there is an advantage that the time required for tool change can be reduced. However, since the two turrets are installed on a common longitudinal feed pedestal, it is difficult to simultaneously perform different types of machining on the workpiece by two tools mounted on the two turrets. For example, the drilling tool installed on the first turret is moved in the B-axis by the cylinder device to bring the tip close to the axial end face of the workpiece, and then the longitudinal feeder common to the second turret. The Z-axis feed is performed in accordance with the above, but hole drilling with different conditions from the outer diameter machining with the cutting tool on the second tool post is performed at the same Z-axis feed speed as the second tool post. It is generally difficult to do. Further, in this NC lathe, since control of five axes of Z-axis, X1-axis, X2-axis, Y-axis and B-axis is required, the configuration of each axis drive mechanism and control device becomes complicated, and the machine size increases. There is a fear that prices will rise.

Further, in the NC lathe disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-83101, the annular tool rest and the turret tool rest can operate completely independently of one another, so that when the tool of one tool rest is used, the other tool rest is used. The advantage is that not only can the tool of the pedestal stand by in close proximity to the workpiece, but also that different types of machining can be performed simultaneously on the workpiece by, for example, a cutting tool and a drilling tool mounted on both turrets. is there. However, in order to independently drive the two turrets, it is necessary to control at least five axes including the turret swivel axis, so that the configuration of each axis drive mechanism and control device is also complicated, and the machine size is increased. There is a fear that prices will rise.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional automatic lathe having a plurality of tool rests each having a plurality of tools mounted thereon, whereby different kinds of simultaneous machining with different tools mounted on each tool rest can be easily performed. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a high-performance automatic lathe which can simplify the configuration of each axis drive mechanism and control device by reducing the number of control axes and can be easily miniaturized.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 comprises a rotary spindle installed on a machine base and a blade installed on the machine frame in front of the rotary spindle. In an automatic lathe comprising a gantry device and a driving device for relatively moving a rotary spindle and a turret device on a gantry in a first axis direction parallel to a center axis of the rotary spindle, the turret device is a machine tool. A moving table moving in a second axis direction orthogonal to the center axis of the rotating main shaft on the table, and a first tool post moving in a third axis direction perpendicular to the first axis and the second axis on the moving table; An automatic lathe comprising: a second tool rest moved on a movable table in a first axial direction by a drive mechanism independent of a drive device.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the automatic lathe according to the first aspect, wherein the drive mechanism of the second tool rest is installed on a movable platform. The invention according to claim 3 is the automatic lathe according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
Provided is an automatic lathe in which a driving mechanism of a tool post is installed on a moving table.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the automatic lathe according to any one of the first to third aspects, further comprising a feed base which is moved in the first axial direction on the machine base by driving the driving device. In addition, the present invention provides an automatic lathe in which a moving table moves in a second axis direction on a feed table. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the automatic lathe according to the fourth aspect, wherein the drive mechanism of the movable base is installed on the feed base.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the automatic lathe according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, both the first tool post and the second tool post use a plurality of tools in the second axial direction. To provide an automatic lathe that holds in parallel. According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the automatic lathe according to the sixth aspect, the tip of the tool mounted on the first turret and the tip of the tool mounted on the second turret are connected to the first shaft. An automatic lathe is provided that is disposed on any one plane parallel to both the third axis.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar components are denoted by common reference numerals. Referring to the drawings, FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an automatic lathe 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of the automatic lathe 10, and FIG. FIG. The automatic lathe 10 is fixedly installed on a machine base 12, and a headstock 16 that rotatably supports a rotating spindle 14, and is movable on the machine base 12 in front of the headstock 16 (to the right in the figure). And a tool rest device 18 to be installed.

The rotary spindle 14 grips a bar W as a material to be processed and is driven to rotate by a spindle motor (not shown). The rotating spindle 14 has a hollow cylindrical structure, and an openable / closable chuck 20 capable of gripping a bar is provided in a front end region thereof. The chuck 20 is a so-called collet chuck having a slit at the tip. When an external force is applied to the slit at a radially inward direction, the substantially cylindrical bar gripping surface at the tip is reduced in diameter. The chuck 20 is closed so that the bar is fixedly held. Since the configuration of the rotating main shaft 14 is well known, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
A well-known bar supply device (not shown) that supplies the bar W to the rotary spindle 14 can be installed behind the headstock 16 adjacent to the machine base 12.

The tool rest device 18 includes a feed base 22 that moves on the machine base 12 in a first axis direction parallel to the central axis 14 a of the rotary spindle 14, and a central axis 14 a of the rotary spindle 14 on the feed base 22. 24 that moves in the second axis direction orthogonal to
And a third axis orthogonal to the first axis and the second axis on the moving table 24.
On the first turret 26 moving in the axial direction and the moving gantry 24,
And a second tool rest 28 that moves in the first axis direction independently of the operation of the feed stand 22. In the present specification, the control axis corresponding to the moving direction (first axis direction) of the feed table 22 is set to the Z1 axis in the orthogonal three-axis coordinate system on the machine base 12 and the moving direction of the moving table 24 (second axis direction). The corresponding control axis corresponds to the Y axis, the control axis corresponding to the movement direction of the first tool rest 26 (third axis direction) corresponds to the X axis, and the movement direction of the second tool rest 28 corresponds to the movement direction (first axis direction). The control axis will be described as the Z2 axis.

As shown in a perspective view of a single unit in each of FIGS. 4 to 8, the machine base 12 has a pair of rails 30 extending linearly parallel to the central axis 14a of the rotating main shaft 14 fixed on its flat upper surface 12a. Prepare. Further, a Z1-axis servomotor 32 which is a drive source of the feed stand 22 is fixedly supported on the end wall 12b of the machine base 12 remote from the headstock 16. Z
A screw shaft 34 is connected to the output shaft of the single-axis servomotor 32, and the screw shaft 34 extends in a space above the upper surface 12 a of the machine base 12 between the pair of rails 30 in parallel with the rails 30. .

The feed base 22 has an upper surface 22a and a lower surface parallel to each other, and a pair of guide grooves 36 extending linearly in parallel with each other is formed in the lower surface. The pair of guide grooves 36 are slidably fitted to the pair of rails 30 of the machine base 12 to form linear guides, and guide the feed base 22 on the machine base 12 in the Z1 axis direction. Further, a screw hole 38 is formed in the feed base 22 between one pair of guide grooves 36 so as to extend in parallel with the guide grooves 36 from one side surface. The screw hole 38 is smoothly screwed into the screw shaft 34 of the Z1-axis servo motor 32 to form a screw feed mechanism. Therefore, slide 2
2 is Z1 which is converted to linear motion via a screw feed mechanism.
By the output of the axis servomotor 32, the axis servomotor 32 smoothly moves in the Z1 axis direction on the machine base 12 along the linear guide.

The feed base 22 also has a pair of rails 40 fixed to the upper surface 22a thereof and extending linearly perpendicular to the guide grooves 36 on the lower surface. A support wall 22b is erected on the upper surface 22a of the feed base 22 along the other side surface of the feed base 22 adjacent to the side surface having the screw hole 38.
In addition, a Y-axis servomotor 42, which is a driving source of the moving table 24, is fixedly supported. A screw shaft 44 is connected to the output shaft of the Y-axis servo motor 42, and the screw shaft 44 extends in a space above the upper surface 22 a of the feed base 22 between the pair of rails 40 in parallel with the rails 40. .

The carriage 24 has a base 24b having an upper surface 24a and a lower surface parallel to each other, an upright wall portion 24d extending upright from one edge of the base 24b and having a front surface 24c and a rear surface parallel to each other. And a pair of guide grooves 46 extending linearly in parallel with each other and in parallel with the front surface 24c of the standing wall portion 24d. The pair of guide grooves 46 are slidably fitted to the pair of rails 40 of the feed table 22 to form linear guides, and guide the movable table 24 on the feed table 22 in the Y-axis direction. Further, the movable table 24 is provided between the pair of guide grooves 46.
A screw hole 48 extending parallel to the base 24b is formed from one side surface of the base 24b. The screw hole 48 is provided in the Y-axis servomotor 42
The screw feed mechanism is formed by smoothly screwing the screw shaft 44 with the screw shaft 44. Therefore, the moving table 24 moves smoothly in the Y-axis direction on the moving table 22 along the linear guide by the output of the Y-axis servomotor 42 converted to linear motion via the screw feed mechanism. As a result, the mobile platform 24 is placed on the machine base 12,
The two-dimensional space defined by the Z1 axis and the Y axis can be moved within a predetermined range.

The moving table 24 also includes an upper surface 24 of the base 24b.
a, a pair of rails 50 extending linearly perpendicular to the guide grooves 46 on the lower surface are fixedly provided. Upper surface 24 of base 24b
a, a support wall 24e is provided upright along the other side surface of the base 24b adjacent to the side surface having the screw hole 48 and away from the vertical wall portion 24d, and the second tool post 2 is mounted on the support wall 24e.
8, a Z2-axis servomotor 52, which is a driving source, is fixedly supported. The screw shaft 54 connected to the output shaft of the Z2-axis servomotor 52 extends between the pair of rails 50 in the space above the upper surface 24a of the base 24b in parallel with the rails 50.

Further, the front surface 2 of the upright wall portion 24d of the moving table 24
A pair of rails 56 extending linearly perpendicular to both the guide groove 46 of the base 24b and the rail 50 is fixed to 4c. The base 24 is further provided on the front surface 24c of the standing wall portion 24d.
b along the side surface of the standing wall portion 24d on the side remote from the supporting wall 24d.
An X-axis servomotor 58, which is a drive source of the first tool rest 26, is fixedly supported on the support wall 24f. X
Screw shaft 60 connected to the output shaft of shaft servomotor 58
Is a front surface 24c of the standing wall portion 24d between the pair of rails 56.
Are extended in parallel with the rails 56 in the front space.
The standing wall portion 24d further has a rectangular opening 62 extending along the upper surface 24a of the base portion 24b between the front surface 24c and the rear surface thereof.
Are formed through. The pair of rails 50 of the base 24b are
It is extended into the rectangular opening 62 of the standing wall portion 24d.

The first tool rest 26 has front faces 26 parallel to each other.
a and a rear surface, and a pair of guide grooves 64 extending linearly in parallel with each other are formed in the rear surface. The pair of guide grooves 64 are slidably fitted to the pair of rails 56 of the upright wall portion 24d of the movable base 24 to form a linear guide, and the first tool rest 26 is placed on the upright wall portion 24d in the X-axis direction. Guide to Further, a screw hole 66 extending from one side surface of the first tool rest 26 is provided between the pair of guide grooves 64 and extends in parallel with the guide grooves 64. The screw hole 66 is smoothly screwed into the screw shaft 60 of the X-axis servomotor 58 to form a screw feed mechanism. Accordingly, the first tool rest 26 is moved along the linear guide by the output of the X-axis servomotor 58 which is converted into a linear motion via the screw feed mechanism.
It moves smoothly in the X-axis direction on 4d. As a result, the first tool rest 26 can move on the machine base 12 within a predetermined range in a three-dimensional space defined by the Z1 axis, the Y axis, and the X axis.

The first tool rest 26 has a front surface 26a,
A plurality of (five in the figure) mounting grooves 68 extending linearly in parallel with the guide grooves 64 on the rear surface are provided, and a cutting tool 70 (FIG. 2) is mounted in each of the mounting grooves 68 to fix the fixing bolt 7.
Fixed by 1. The tips of the cutting tools 70, that is, the cutting edge portions that first come into contact with the bar W, are preferably arranged on the machine base 12 in the XY plane parallel to both the X axis and the Y axis in the Y axis direction. (See FIG. 9). As described above, the first tool post 26 allows the plurality of cutting tools 70 to be
It is configured as a comb-shaped tool rest that is held in parallel in the axial direction. As will be described later, a cutting tool 70 such as a cutting tool or a drill can be mounted on the first tool rest 26, and a rotary tool can also be mounted if a dedicated rotation drive mechanism is provided. In particular, the first turret 26 has a bar W in consideration of a relative position with respect to the rotary spindle 14.
A tool for performing processing such as outer round cutting, parting off, and drilling is advantageously mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the.

The second tool rest 28 has an upper surface and a lower surface parallel to each other and a front surface 28a orthogonal to the upper surface and the lower surface. A pair of guide grooves 72 extending linearly in parallel with each other are formed on the lower surface. Is established. The pair of guide grooves 72 are respectively slidably fitted to the pair of rails 50 of the base 24b of the movable base 24 to form a linear guide.
8 is guided on the base 24b in the Z2 axis direction. Second
A threaded hole 74 extending from one side surface of the tool post 28 extends between the pair of guide grooves 72 in parallel with the guide grooves 72. The screw hole 74 is smoothly screwed into the screw shaft 54 of the Z2-axis servo motor 52 to form a screw feed mechanism. Therefore, the second tool rest 28 is driven by the output of the Z2-axis servomotor 52 which is converted into a linear motion via the screw feed mechanism.
Z2 on the base 24b of the moving table 24 along the linear guide
Moves smoothly in the axial direction. As a result, the second tool rest 28 can move on the machine base 12 within a predetermined range in a two-dimensional space defined by the Z2 axis parallel to the Z1 axis and the Y axis.

The second tool rest 28 has a front surface 28a,
A plurality of (six in the figure) mounting holes 76 extending in a straight line parallel to the guide grooves 72 on the lower surface are formed, and a cutting tool 78 (FIG. 2) is mounted in each of the mounting holes 76, and the upper surface of the tool post is mounted. And is fixed by a clamp screw 79 screwed from above. The tips of the cutting tools 78, that is, the cutting edge portions that first come into contact with the bar W, are preferably arranged on the machine base 12 in the above-described XY plane in the Y-axis direction (see FIGS. 9 and 10). ). As described above, the second tool rest 28 includes the plurality of cutting tools 7.
8 are configured as a comb-shaped turret for holding in parallel on the machine base 12 in the Y-axis direction. The rectangular opening 62 of the upright wall portion 24d of the moving table 24 has a size and a shape for receiving the second tool post 28 so as to be movable in the Z2 axis. Therefore, the second tool post 28
Is moved along the Z2 axis on the moving table 24,
8a can enter the rectangular opening 62, and the plurality of cutting tools 78 can be exposed through the rectangular opening 62 to the front of the upright wall 24d of the movable base 24.

As will be described later, a cutting tool 78 such as a cutting tool or a drill can be mounted on the second tool rest 28, and a rotary tool can also be mounted if a dedicated rotary drive mechanism is provided. In particular, in view of the relative position with respect to the rotary spindle 14, a tool for performing processing such as drilling, boring, and threading is preferably mounted on the end surface of the bar W in the axial direction in view of the relative position with respect to the rotary spindle 14. . In the illustrated embodiment, one mounting hole 76 of the second tool rest 28 is provided.
A stopper 80 (FIG. 2) for abutting the axial end surface of the bar W is mounted on the bar W, and is fixed by a clamp screw 79. In this case, the axial end surface of the stopper 80 is
The cutting tools 78 are arranged in the same XY plane as the tips of the cutting tools 78. Further, a center 82 (FIG. 11) can be attached to the second tool rest 28 instead of the cutting tool 78.

As understood from the above description, the first tool rest 26 and the second tool rest 28 are synchronized with each other and
4 and move along the Y axis. The Y-axis movement of each of the tool rests 26 and 28 is an operation mainly for selecting a tool.
When the cutting tool 70 of the tool rest 26 and the cutting tool 78 of the second tool rest 28 individually perform machining, both cutting tools 70,
The relative positional relationship of 78 is free. However, when, for example, outer round cutting and end face drilling are simultaneously performed on the bar W by the cutting tool 70 of the first tool rest 26 and the cutting tool 78 of the second tool rest 28, as shown in FIG. It is important that each of the plurality of cutting tools 70 and each of the plurality of cutting tools 78 arrange their respective tips on the machine base 12 in an arbitrary plane parallel to both the X axis and the Z2 axis. .

Each of the linear guides installed on the tool rest device 18 may be constituted by a combination of a bar and a guide hole instead of the combination of the rail and the guide groove. Further, it is preferable that each screw feed mechanism installed in the tool rest device 18 has a configuration of a ball screw.

According to the automatic lathe 10 having the above configuration,
After selecting the cutting tool 70 by the Y-axis movement integrated with the moving table 24, the first tool rest 26 controls the cutting amount of the cutting tool 70 by, for example, moving the X-axis on the moving table 24,
The bar W can be processed into a desired shape by moving along the Z1 axis together with the feed table 22 and the moving table 24. In addition, mobile platform 2
The cutting tool 70 can be retracted to a position separated from the bar W by the X-axis movement on the top 4. On the other hand, the second tool post 28 selects the cutting tool 78 by the Y-axis movement integrated with the movable table 24, and then, for example, reduces the cutting amount of the cutting tool 78 by the Z2-axis movement on the movable table 24. While controlling
The bar W can be processed into a desired shape. Further, the Z-axis movement on the moving table 24 causes the cutting tool 78 to move the bar W
Can be retracted to a position away from the vehicle.

As described above, in the automatic lathe 10, the two tool rests 26 and 28 are connected to the common Y-axis sliding member, that is, the movable carriage 24.
The Y-axis as a control axis for each of the tool rests 26 and 28 can be shared because of the installation on the tool rests 26 and 28.
Various processes can be performed by controlling 8 with a total of four axes of X, Y, Z1 and Z2 axes. As the number of control axes is reduced, the configuration of each axis drive mechanism and control device can be simplified, and the effect of easily reducing the size of the machine can be obtained. In addition, by controlling the first tool rest 26 by the X axis and the Z1 axis and simultaneously controlling the second tool rest 28 by the Z2 axis, different cutting tools 7 mounted on the respective tool rests 26 and 28 are controlled.
The different types of simultaneous machining by 0 and 78 can be easily performed as described later. In addition, 4 of each tool post 26, 28
The axis control is advantageously performed by a numerical control.

An example of processing that can be performed using the automatic lathe 10 having the above-described configuration will be described below with reference to FIG. 3 and FIGS. First, as a machining preparation stage, as shown in FIG. 3, the first tool rest 26 is moved to the retracted position on the moving platform 24 by driving the respective axis servomotors 32, 42, 52, 58, and the second tool rest 28 is moved. Stopper 8 fixed to
0 is coaxial with the center axis 14 a of the rotary spindle 14, and the axial end face of the stopper 80 is the chuck 2 of the rotary spindle 14.
It is arranged at a position separated by a desired distance D from the end face in the axial direction of 0. This distance D corresponds to the processing length dimension of the bar W to be processed. In this state, the bar W is supplied from the bar supply device (not shown) to the rotating spindle 14 with the chuck 20 opened, and the bar W is projected from the chuck 20 to stop the stopper 80.
Against the end face in the axial direction. Then, the chuck 20 is closed, the bar W is gripped by the rotating spindle 14, and the processing is started.

1. Ordinary turning process By driving the respective axis servomotors 32, 42, 52 and 58, the second turret 28 is placed at the retracted position on the movable gantry 24 and a desired cutting tool (bite) fixed to the first turret 26 ) Select 70. By rotating the rotation spindle 14,
Under the control of the X axis and the Z1 axis, an outer diameter (outer circle, taper, etc.) is processed on the outer peripheral surface of the bar W by the cutting tool 70. Alternatively, by driving each axis servo motor 32, 42, 52, 58,
The first turret 26 is placed at the retracted position on the movable gantry 24, and a desired cutting tool (drill) 78 fixed to the second turret 28 is selected. By rotating and driving the rotary spindle 14, Z
Drilling is performed on the axial end face of the bar W by the drill 78 under the control of two axes.

2. Eccentric drilling of end face By driving each axis servomotor 32, 42, 52, 58, the first tool rest 26 is set at the retracted position on the moving stand 24 and a desired rotary tool fixed to the second tool rest 28. Select (Drill). The tip of the rotary tool is positioned at a position eccentric from the center axis of the bar W, and the rotary spindle 14 is stopped and the drill is driven to rotate, thereby forming an eccentric hole in the axial end surface of the bar W under the control of the Z2 axis. Perform processing.

3. Center support processing (FIG. 11) By driving each axis servomotor 32, 42, 52, 58, a desired cutting tool (bite) 70 fixed to the first tool post 26 is selected and fixed to the second tool post 28. The selected center 82 is selected. While the axial end face of the bar W is supported by the center 82, the rotary spindle 14 is driven to rotate, and the bar W is controlled by the cutting tool 70 under the control of the X axis and the Z1 axis.
Outer diameter (outer circle, taper, etc.) processing on the outer peripheral surface of. At this time, the center 82 is moved in the opposite direction in synchronization with the Z1-axis movement of the cutting tool 70 (that is, by the same distance at the same speed).
The center 82 is made to stand still with respect to the machine base 12 by moving in the Z2 axis on 4. This is advantageous for processing long objects.

4. Outer Diameter / Inner Diameter Simultaneous Machining (FIG. 12) The desired cutting tool (bite) 70 fixed to the first tool post 26 is selected by driving the respective axis servomotors 32, 42, 52, 58, and the second tool post. A desired cutting tool (drill) 78 fixed to 28 is selected. The rotating main shaft 14 is driven to rotate, and the outer diameter (outer circle, taper, etc.) of the outer peripheral surface of the bar W is processed by the cutting tool 70 under the control of the X axis and the Z1 axis, and at the same time, the drill 78 is controlled under the control of the Z2 axis. In this way, a hole is formed in the axial end face of the bar W. At this time,
Since the Z1 axis and the Z2 axis can be controlled independently, the outer diameter processing and the drilling processing with different cutting conditions can be simultaneously and accurately performed on the cutting tool 70 and the drill 78 at an appropriate feed speed. There is an advantage that the processing time can be significantly reduced.

5. Outer Diameter / Thread Cutting Simultaneous Processing (FIG. 13) A desired cutting tool (bite) 70 fixed to the first turret 26 is selected by driving the respective servomotors 32, 42, 52, 58, and the second turret. A desired rotary tool (tap) 84 fixed to 28 is selected. The rotary main shaft 14 is driven to rotate, and the outer diameter (outer circle, taper, etc.) of the outer peripheral surface of the bar W is processed by the cutting tool 70 under the control of the X axis and the Z1 axis, and at the same time, the tap 84 is controlled under the control of the Z2 axis. Threading is performed on the axial end surface of the bar W. At this time, since the Z1 axis and the Z2 axis can be independently controlled, it is possible to accurately and simultaneously perform the outer diameter machining and the thread cutting with different cutting conditions at the appropriate feed speed for each of the cutting tool 70 and the tap 84. it can. After the threading is completed, the tap 84 is driven to rotate in the same direction at a speed higher than the rotation speed of the rotary spindle 14, and the second tool post 28 is retracted on the movable base 24, so that the tap 84 is Can be pulled out of W. There is an advantage that the processing time can be significantly reduced.

6. Outer peripheral drilling / end face drilling simultaneous processing (FIG. 14) The desired rotary tool (drill) 86 fixed to the first turret 26 is selected by driving the respective axis servomotors 32, 42, 52, and 58. A desired rotary tool (drill) 88 fixed to the two-turret 28 is selected. The rotary spindle 14 is stopped, and the drills 86 and 88 are driven to rotate. The drill 86 drills the outer peripheral surface of the bar W under the control of the X-axis, and at the same time, the drill 88 under the control of the Z2-axis. In this way, a hole is formed in the axial end face of the bar W. At this time, eccentric drilling can be performed on the outer peripheral surface and the axial end surface of the bar W by the drills 86 and 88, respectively. There is an advantage that the processing time can be significantly reduced.

7. Next tool standby (FIG. 15) The desired cutting tool (bite) 70 fixed to the first tool post 26 is selected by driving the servomotors 32, 42, 52, 58 of the respective axes and fixed to the second tool post 28. The selected desired cutting tool (drill) 78 is selected. The rotary main shaft 14 is driven to rotate, and drilling is performed on the axial end surface of the bar W by the drill 78 under the control of the Z2 axis. At this time, the selected cutting tool 70 is arranged close to the processing start position on the outer peripheral surface of the bar W under the control of the X axis and the Z1 axis, and is prepared for the outer diameter (outer circle, taper, etc.) processing in the next step. To wait. Or vice versa. There is an advantage that the time required for tool change can be significantly reduced in a situation where simultaneous machining is difficult.

As can be understood from the above description, in the automatic lathe 10, the tool fixed to the first tool rest 26 and the tool fixed to the second tool rest 28 correspond to the arrangement on each tool rest 26, 28. The tools at the positions (see FIG. 9) form a specific combination and perform the above-described simultaneous machining and center support machining. It is not possible to change the counterpart tool of these combinations during the execution of automatic machining. Therefore, depending on the processing content, a plurality of the same tools may be mounted on one tool post 26 or 28.

The above-described various simultaneous machining operations are usually performed in an NC apparatus in accordance with two control programs corresponding to the tools of the tool rests 26 and 28, respectively. However, by setting and describing a special code for instructing simultaneous machining by two tools in one system control program, various simultaneous machining can be performed by one system control program.

Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the automatic lathe according to the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the following modifications are possible. For example, automatic lathe 1
0, a guide bush that rotatably supports a bar W gripped by the rotary spindle 14 between the headstock 16 and the tool rest device 18 in front of the chuck 20 in the vicinity of a working position by various tools. A device (not shown) can be installed. The guide bush device supports the bar W during the turning process in the vicinity of the portion to be processed, and suppresses runout and deflection due to rotation that may occur in the portion to be processed, thereby achieving high dimensional accuracy even for a relatively elongated product. It is well-known as a processing auxiliary device that enables processing and molding. In this case, the guide bush device can be configured to be mounted on the feed plate 22 of the tool rest device 18 and move in the Z1 axis together with various tools.

Alternatively, when a guide bush device is used, the feed base 22 of the tool rest device 18 may be fixedly installed on the machine base 12, and the headstock 16 may be moved in the Z1-axis instead. . In this case, the guide bush device is fixedly installed on the machine base 12. Then, similarly to the above-described embodiment, various processes are performed on the bar W by controlling the headstock 16 and the tool rests 26 and 28 with a total of four axes of the X axis, the Y axis, the Z1 axis, and the Z2 axis. can do.

[0042]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, in a multifunctional automatic lathe having a plurality of tool rests each having a plurality of tools mounted thereon, different types of tools mounted on each tool rest are provided. Simultaneous and simultaneous machining with different tools can be performed accurately and easily, and the number of control axes can be reduced to simplify the configuration of each axis drive mechanism and control device, thereby promoting the miniaturization and high performance of automatic lathes. In addition, equipment costs can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an automatic lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of the automatic lathe of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of a main part of the automatic lathe of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating a stand of the automatic lathe of FIG. 1 alone;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a single feed stand of the automatic lathe of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a single moving table of the automatic lathe of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the first tool post of the automatic lathe of FIG. 1 alone;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a second tool post of the automatic lathe of FIG. 1 alone;

FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged schematic side view showing a positional relationship between a plurality of tools mounted on first and second tool rests of the automatic lathe of FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged schematic plan view showing a positional relationship between a plurality of tools mounted on a second tool rest of the automatic lathe of FIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of processing by the automatic lathe of FIG. 1;

FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing another processing example by the automatic lathe of FIG. 1;

FIG. 13 is a partially enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing another processing example by the automatic lathe of FIG. 1;

FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing another processing example by the automatic lathe of FIG. 1;

FIG. 15 is a partially enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing another processing example by the automatic lathe in FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 ... Machine stand 14 ... Rotating spindle 16 ... Spindle stand 18 ... Tool rest apparatus 20 ... Chuck 22 ... Feeding stand 24 ... Moving stand 26 ... First tool rest 28 ... Second tool rest 32 ... Z1-axis servo motor 42 ... Y axis Servo motor 52: Z-axis servo motor 58: X-axis servo motor 70, 78: Cutting tool 80: Stopper

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tohru Takahashi 840, Takeshimo, Shimotomi, Tokorozawa, Saitama Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. Watch Co., Ltd. Tokorozawa Office (72) Inventor Sosaku Kimura 840 Takeno, Shimotomi, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama F-term (reference) Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. Tokorozawa Office 3C045 BA01 BA13 BA19 BA24 DA21

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A rotary spindle installed on a machine base, a tool rest device installed on the machine in front of the rotary spindle, and a rotary spindle and the tool rest device on the machine stand. A driving device that relatively moves in a first axis direction parallel to the center axis of the rotating spindle, wherein the tool rest device is orthogonal to the center axis of the rotating spindle on the machine base. Second
A moving table that moves in the axial direction; a first tool post moving in a third axis direction orthogonal to the first axis and the second axis on the moving table; and a driving device that moves on the moving table. An automatic lathe comprising: a second tool rest moved in the first axis direction by an independent drive mechanism. 2. The automatic lathe according to claim 1, wherein the drive mechanism of the second tool rest is installed on the movable platform. 3. The automatic lathe according to claim 1, wherein a driving mechanism of the first tool rest is installed on the movable platform. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a feed base that moves in the first axial direction on the machine base by driving the driving device, wherein the movable base moves in the second axial direction on the feed base. The automatic lathe according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 5. The automatic lathe according to claim 4, wherein a drive mechanism of the moving table is installed on the feed table. 6. The automatic lathe according to claim 1, wherein both the first tool post and the second tool post hold a plurality of tools in parallel in the second axis direction. 7. An arbitrary tool in which the tip of the tool mounted on the first tool post and the tip of the tool mounted on the second tool post are parallel to both the first axis and the third axis. The automatic lathe according to claim 6, wherein the automatic lathe is arranged on one plane.