JPS59201701A - Tool stand of nc automatic lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To decrease a time of uncutting process of a tool as short as possible when it is selected, by permitting the selected tool to once reach an advance start position of the tool then advance to its cutting point so as to feed the tool in its cross feed direction. CONSTITUTION:A tool 21c, if it is selected, is fed by a quick traverse to a tool advance start position then approximated in a quick traverse to a position in the vicinity of a cutting point by a pulse motor. Next, feeding the tool to cut a workpiece to its prescribed machining size, a main spindle advances to perform cutting work. If the cutting work is finished, the tool 21c is returned to the tool advance start position, and the next tool is selected and fed to its advance start position by a quick traverse.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the configuration of a tool post for an NC automatic lathe, and particularly relates to the selection of a tool post for an NC lathe that has a plurality of tools and sequentially selects and uses these tools. It's about configuration.

The development of NC automatic lathes in recent years has been remarkable, and various highly efficient NC automatic lathes have been announced.

However, when producing a large number of the same product in succession, it is still not as good as a cam-type automatic lathe. The biggest cause is
This seems to be due to the long time it takes to select a part-time job. In other words, with a cam-type automatic lathe, while one tool is cutting, the next tool approaches the workpiece, and the tool that has finished cutting can move back and simultaneously start cutting with the next tool. Or, two bi-l・
Alternatively, machining is often done simultaneously with a cutting tool and a drill, and the cam design should be done to minimize the non-cutting time when selecting the cutting tool.

However, when selecting a tool on an NC lathe, after finishing cutting work with one tool, the tool post retreats and returns to the tool change point, selects the next tool, moves forward to the machining area, and selects the next tool.
[Normally, the machine is configured to perform cutting operations by cutting, which inevitably results in a long non-cutting time when selecting a cutting tool. Of course, if you install an independent tool feed mechanism for each tool and perform NC control for each, it will be possible to work in the same way as a cam-type automatic lathe; Therefore, the NC device and the machine itself become expensive, and in order to prevent interference between each axis, fairly complicated interference prevention measures are required, whether by software or hardware. I have to throw it.

The present invention aims to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and to provide a tool post configuration that minimizes the non-cutting time when selecting a cutting tool in a lathe having a plurality of cutting tools, and minimizes the number of NC-controlled axes. It is.

The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of an NC lathe equipped with a tool post according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 shows a front sectional view and FIG. 2 shows a left side view. In the figure, a main shaft 1 is supported on a base 2 so as to be slidable in the front-back direction (left-right direction in FIG. 1), and the rotation of a servomorph 3 controlled by an NC device (not shown) is transmitted to a ball screw 4, and 5 converts it into a linear motion, and the main shaft 1 slides in the front-rear direction. The main shaft 1 is hollow, and a bar 6 passes through it and projects forward, and is gripped by a chuck 7 and rotates together with the main shaft.

In front of the spindle 1, there is a VC guide pusher 8 on the center line of the spindle.
There is a column 9 having this column J, 9Vc,
A sliding surface is provided that is perpendicular to the spindle center line and can slide in both the X and Y directions, which are orthogonal to each other. It has become. That is, a pair of guide rails 11 fixed to the column 9 (therefore, the slide plates 16 guided via the balls 12 form a pair of ball slides and are slidable in the left-right direction, and the slide plates 13 Similarly, a guide rail 15 and a slide play 1-16 are installed between the left and right slides 14 fixed to the blade feed stand 10.
(Fig. 2) and a ball (not shown) make it possible to slide in the vertical direction by a ball slide.

These two orthogonal sliding surfaces are each N
The rotation of the pulse motors 17 and 18 controlled by the C device is transmitted to the ball screws 19 and 20, and the blade feed base 10
slide vertically and horizontally.

Three cutting tool holders 22, 23, and 24 each capable of holding two cutting tools 21 in several cases are attached to the blade feed stand 1D radially toward the center line of the spindle. That is, the tool holders 22 and 24 are designed to mount the tools horizontally, and the tool holder 26 is mounted vertically, and the selection and cutting depth of each tool are controlled by the pulse motors 17 and 18.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing in more detail the relative relationship between the workpiece and the cutting tool in FIG. 2, and shows each tool holder 22.
．． 26. A pair of bits attached to 24 (for example, bits 21a and 21b attached to the bit holder 22) are aligned so that the cutting edge positions are the same, and are removed at a predetermined pitch P. ing. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the left hand tool 21C, which is mounted vertically, is at the tool entry starting point position. The tool entry starting point position is set along the feed direction toward the center of the spindle of the cutting tool, at a position a small distance a from the maximum workpiece diameter d, and in this example, the spindle centerline is set as the origin. It is provided on the vertical and horizontal orthogonal coordinate axes. The selected cutting tool once reaches this tool entry start position, then advances to the cutting point, and is fed in the cutting direction to perform cutting work. For example, if byte 21C is selected, the third
As shown in the figure, the tool is fed in rapid traverse to the tool entry starting point position, then approached in rapid traverse to the vicinity of the cutting point by the pulse motor 18, and is fed as a cutting feed to a predetermined machining dimension.
The main spindle 1 moves forward to perform cutting work. When the cutting operation is completed, the cutting tool 2IC returns to the tool entry starting point position, the next cutting tool is selected, and the cutting tool 2IC is rapidly sent to the tool entry starting point position of that cutting tool.

In this case, as shown in Fig. 3, some of the movement paths of the pi) 21e are shown, no matter which route the pi) 21e moves, there is no interference between other cutting tools or between the workpiece and the cutting tool. (can be set so that it can be reached in the shortest time.Furthermore, if the installation pitch p of the tool bit is thicker than the workpiece diameter d, the next tool tool advances to the tool entry starting point position at the same time as cutting is completed. The time from completion of cutting to selection of the next cutting tool is further shortened without any problems.

In Figure 3, the distance 4a-1-b) is involved in cutting 1-7
This is the minimum gap between the cutting tool and the workpiece, which is determined by taking into account the flow of chips, etc.

In this embodiment, the moving distance for selecting a part-time job is when selecting pi)21e in FIG. 3, and the moving distance in this case is If n1 bits are installed in the horizontal direction and n2 bits are installed in the vertical direction, (b+(n, -1)p)2+ (b+(n2-1)pi
2 However, I), , +12 is the number of paired ) bytes, which is the same as the conventional N
It is a very short distance when compared to the selection of the tool on a C lathe, and usually the next tool selected is p or],, 4 b (
= JT b ), the selection of the cutout is completed, and the non-cutting time for the selection of the cutout can be greatly shortened.

The tool entry starting point position is a point along the tool entry path, separated by (d/2-)a from the spindle center line, as described above, and is a point that is added to each tool. Since the tool can be selected and processed automatically by the NC device or as a fixed point by Program No. 1, there is no need to complicate the NC device or program to prevent interference.

In this embodiment, two tools are attached to each tool holder, but each tool may be installed on the tool holder for fine adjustment of the tool position, or one tool can be attached to one tool holder. Even if a larger number of pies)Y are provided in the holder, the same result will not occur.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show other embodiments of the present invention, in which five bits 21 are attached at a pitch of 45°).
It has a holder 22. In this case as well, byte 2Ib
, the cutting feed of 21d is 427 in both the vertical and horizontal directions.
It operates in the same way as the robot, except that it is fed at twice the speed, and when bit 211) and 21d are selected, both axes are V/T//2 times the speed. Since this can be easily achieved by programming as shown in the following, a detailed explanation will be omitted.

In this embodiment, all the tools are mounted on one tool holder, but this is to make it easier to remove the tool holder and preset the tools outside the machine. There is no problem in implementing the present invention even if each byte has an independent byte code.

In the above explanation, the NC lathe having the tool rest of the present invention is as follows:
Although the description has been made using a main shaft sliding type NC lathe, it is clear that the same applies to a main 11Ql+fixed type NC lathe in which the tool rest slides parallel to the main shaft centerline.

As described above, in the present invention, the stroke for selecting a tool is made wider than that of a conventional NC lathe, and the non-cutting time for selecting a tool is shortened. There are only two drive control axes for control, which makes it inexpensive, and its effects are significant.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a front sectional view of an NC lathe having a turret according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a left side view, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between a workpiece and a cutting tool, and Fig. 4 shows another embodiment. A left side view showing,
FIG. 5 shows an explanatory diagram. 1...Spindle, 2...Base, 7...Spindle chuck, 8...Guide block, 9.-column, 10...Turret, 17.1
8. Pulse motor, 21 Bit, 22.26.24 Bit holder.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Two-way KNC perpendicular to the spindle center line K and mutually orthogonal
An NC automatic machine having a tool feed post that moves under control, a plurality of tools arranged approximately radially with respect to the spindle center line, and a tool holder provided on the tool post and holding the plurality of tools. Lathe tool rest.