JP2000106771A - Negative pressure difference irrigation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the subject compact and inexpensive system designed not to impair the advantages of its own. SOLUTION: Thin negative pressure difference irrigation system is so designed as to have a vessel 1 with a soil bed 2 on the upper part and a water reservoirs 3, 3' on the lower part, embed a porous pipe 4 in the soil bed 2, saturate the inside of the porous pipe 4 with the water from the reservoirs 3, 3', and by the aid of the negative pressure difference between the water in the soil in contact with the porous pipe 4 and the inside of the porous pipe 4, leach the water inside the porous pipe 4 into the soil through capillary mechanism, wherein the water reservoirs 3, 3' consist of 1st and 2nd water reservoirs, each of which is made to communicate via a conductor pipe with one end of the porous pipe 4, and the 2nd reservoir is installed so as to situate its upper end at a level higher than that of the porous pipe 4, and by feeding the 2nd reservoir with water, the water inside the flow channel through which the porous pipe 4 and the reservoirs 3, 3' communicate with each other is allowed to forcedly flow.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a negative pressure differential irrigation system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A negative pressure differential irrigation system saturates water in a porous pipe buried in soil, and uses the water pressure in the pipe as a negative pressure to determine the negative pressure of soil water in contact with the porous pipe and the negative pressure in the pipe. Irrigation is performed according to the difference, which can be said to be a suitable method for controlling soil moisture. In the conventional negative pressure differential irrigation system, the cost of the basic system can be reduced by increasing the scale.

[0003]

However, the cultivation and management of a very small plant, for example, a flower pot, by this negative pressure differential irrigation system becomes extremely expensive. That is, in order to continuously maintain this system, it is necessary to remove generated free air. Therefore, it is a common idea that water is constantly circulated and circulated by a pump as a stereotype, and the service life of the pump, etc. There was also a problem.

[0004]

The inventor of the present invention has conducted various studies in order to solve such a problem and find a system that is compact and inexpensive and does not impair the advantages of the negative pressure differential irrigation system. The invention has been reached. That is,
The gist of the present invention is that a container having a soil layer above and a water storage section below the porous layer is buried in the soil layer, and the inside of the porous pipe is saturated with water from the water storage section, A negative pressure differential irrigation system configured to cause capillary water to leach water in a porous tube into soil by a difference between a negative pressure of soil water in contact with the porous tube and a negative pressure in the porous tube, wherein the water storage unit Comprises a first and a second water reservoir, each of which is in communication with one end of a porous tube through a conduit, and wherein the second water reservoir is provided such that its upper end is at a higher position than the porous tube. The negative pressure differential irrigation system is configured such that by supplying water to the second water reservoir, the water in the flow path connecting the porous tube and the water reservoir can be forced to flow.

[0005]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
First, in the present invention, a soil layer is provided above a container, and a water storage section is provided below the soil layer. The soil of the soil layer is generally an artificial soil such as a natural soil and a culture soil, but even if it does not contain organic matter, it can be used for plant cultivation by the negative pressure differential irrigation system of the present invention. There is no particular limitation. In the present invention, since the essential water can be supplied to the plant at any time, the soil as the water retention layer may be relatively small. Therefore, the space corresponding to the space can be used for storing a control device and the like to be described later. The thickness of the soil layer can be appropriately selected according to the size of the container.

[0006] The shape of the container can be arbitrarily selected from various planters, flowerpots, and the like, and the size can be appropriately selected according to the purpose and the like. Further, the material is not particularly limited, but, for example, plastic or the like is preferable. In the present invention, a porous tube is embedded in the soil layer. The embedding depth is not particularly limited and depends on the size of the container to be stored and the thickness of the soil layer, but is usually preferably about 5 to 50 cm from the soil surface. If it is too shallow, it is unfavorable because it is easily affected by the temperature of the ground surface and water evaporates easily. If it is too deep, it is difficult to reach the root zone of the plant, which is not preferable.

The material of the porous tube is generally preferably ceramic, concrete, or porous glass, but is preferably a metal molded product, a porous molded product made of plastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene or rubber, and a filter material. A material obtained by molding a usable material into a cylindrical shape can be used.
A hydrophilic material or a material that has been subjected to a hydrophilization treatment is preferable from the viewpoint of allowing water vapor or water to pass through. It is desirable that these porous materials have pores having an outer diameter in the range of about 0.01 to 200 μm. However, when the pressure is rougher than this, air flows in, and it becomes difficult to maintain a negative pressure. A particularly desirable pore diameter is in the range of about 0.1 to 50 μm, and a pore diameter distribution is particularly preferable. In particular, a cylinder having an outer diameter of about 10 μm obtained by molding and firing porcelain clay having a large amount of quartz is preferable.

[0008] These porous materials are usually formed into a cylindrical shape and used as a porous tube. The inner diameter, wall pressure and length are not particularly limited, but if it is too small, the resistance when flowing water is large, and if it is too large, a large amount of water is circulated in order to flush out bubbles generated or mixed inside. It is necessary to make it. Therefore, usually, the inner diameter is about 3 to 100 mm, preferably 5 to 50 mm, the wall pressure is about 1 to 30 mm, preferably 3 to 15 mm, and the length is not particularly limited. Those that are poor and are easily damaged by flexural stress can be made shorter, and those that are more flexible such as plastic materials can be made longer to reduce the number of connection points. In order to connect a plurality of porous pipes, it is common to use a tube such as polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene, or a pipe material, and it is convenient to use a metal pipe, a pipe connector, or the like.

At the time of connection, it is preferable to use a tube or the like having a smooth inside, and furthermore, to prevent a sudden change in the tube diameter so that pressure loss is hardly generated. The water reservoir stores water to be leached into the soil by a method described later, and the type of water is not limited as long as it is suitable for plant growth. In this case, a fertilizer or the like can be dissolved if necessary. The size of the water storage section can also be appropriately selected according to the size of the container. In the present invention, the water storage section includes the first and second water storage sections.

[0010] The first water storage section is provided below the soil layer, and the second water storage section is configured such that the upper end thereof is higher than the porous pipe (center) (second water storage section). 2
Water storage section). The second water storage portion is configured to have a smaller volume than the other first water storage portion, and may be provided in the container as long as it is electrically connected to one end of the porous tube by the conduit (FIG. 1), or may be provided outside the container. It may be provided (FIG. 2).

[0011] By supplying water to the second water reservoir at the upper end at a higher position so that the water level is higher than that of the porous tube, water in the flow path communicating between the porous tube and the water reservoir is forcibly removed. Can be made to flow. Therefore, the gas in the flow path of water can be pushed out together with the water at the time of first use, and the flow path can be saturated, and the free air in the flow path can be easily removed as appropriate in daily life. When the supply of water is stopped, the water level in the second water storage section decreases, and the water levels in the two water storage sections become the same water level.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show one embodiment of the negative pressure differential irrigation system of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a soil layer 2 and water storage portions 3, 3 'are provided in a container 1,
A porous tube 4 is buried in the soil layer 2, and the porous tube 4 is in communication with water in the water storage portions 3 and 3 'by polyvinyl chloride tubes 5, 5'. The setting of the negative pressure is set by the height difference between the water surface of the reservoir and the porous pipe in the soil by design. In order to make the water in the flow path flow, the water storage section 3 ′
If the water is supplied to a position higher than the porous pipe, even if the pressure temporarily becomes positive, it returns to the negative pressure state at the end of the water supply, and the excess supply is immediately discharged (6: water level). FIG.
Shows an embodiment in which the water storage section 3 ′ is provided outside the container 1 and the whole is stored in the outer cover 7.

[0013]

According to the present invention, a compact and inexpensive negative pressure differential irrigation system can be obtained. In other words, the advantages of negative pressure differential irrigation cultivation can be utilized, the labor of irrigation and the harm of over-irrigation can be prevented, and plant cultivation can be facilitated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing one embodiment of a negative pressure differential irrigation system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing one embodiment of a negative pressure differential irrigation system of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Container 2 Soil layer 3, 3 'Water storage part 4 Porous pipe 5, 5' tube 6 Water level 7 Outer cover

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing from the front page (72) Takaharu Yamamoto 1-1, Kurosaki Castle Stone, Yawatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka Prefecture F-term (reference) 2B027 NC02 NC08 NC12 NC16 NC17 NC18 NC24 NC42 NC56 ND01 QC18 QC25 QC35 RA27 UA03 UA09 UA10 UA15

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A container having an upper soil layer and a lower water storage section, wherein a porous pipe is buried in the soil layer, and the inside of the porous pipe is saturated with water from the water storage section. A negative pressure differential irrigation system configured to cause capillary water to leach water in a porous tube into soil by a difference between a negative pressure of soil water in contact with the porous tube and a negative pressure in the porous tube, wherein the water storage unit Comprises a first and a second water reservoir, each of which is in communication with one end of a porous tube through a conduit, and wherein the second water reservoir is provided such that its upper end is at a higher position than the porous tube. A negative pressure differential irrigation system configured to supply water to the second water storage unit, thereby forcibly flowing water in a flow path that connects the porous tube and the water storage unit.