JP2000089026A - Color filter and color liquid crystal display device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To keep cell gaps uniform as well as to fix the positions of spacers by laminating colored layers having two colors of pixels and further laminating a resin layer to form the spacers. SOLUTION: A colored layer 3 of the 1st color, a colored layer 4 of the 2nd color and a colored layer 2 of the 3rd color are successively formed to form pixel parts. Spacers can be formed by laminating two of the colored layers 3, 4 and 2. The colored layer 4 is left on pixel parts and the colored layers 2 and 3 are left for the spacers. A pattern of a desired resin layer 1 is then formed by photolithography on the colored layer 2. Spacers comprising a laminate having two of the three primary colors and the resin layer 1 are obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a color filter having a spacer function and a color liquid crystal display using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to maintain the thickness (cell gap) of a liquid crystal layer, a color liquid crystal display device conventionally used generally includes an electrode substrate having a thin film transistor (TFT), a plurality of scanning electrodes, and the like. Plastic beads or glass fibers are provided as spacers between the filter side substrate. Here, since spacers such as plastic beads are scattered in the airflow, it is not determined at which position (in-plane position) between the electrode substrate and the substrate on the color filter side.

JP-A-56-140324 and JP-A-63-143
824054, JP-A-4-93924, JP-A-5-19
6946 proposes a liquid crystal display device using a structure in which colored layers forming a color filter are overlapped as a spacer.

[0004]

In a color liquid crystal display device in which plastic beads or the like are scattered in an air stream and used as spacers, the positions of the spacers such as the plastic beads are not determined, and light is scattered by the spacers located on the pixels. There is a problem that the display quality of the liquid crystal display device is deteriorated due to light transmission.

A liquid crystal display device in which spacers such as plastic beads are scattered and used has the following other problems. That is, since the spacer is spherical or rod-shaped and comes in contact with a point or line during cell crimping,
There was a drawback that the alignment film and the transparent electrode were damaged, and display defects were likely to occur. Further, the liquid crystal is contaminated due to the damage of the alignment film and the transparent electrode, and the voltage holding ratio is reduced, so that the display is likely to be uneven.

[0006] Further, in order to uniformly disperse the spacers in a stable air flow, the tact time is long and productivity is not good, or it is necessary to control the particle size distribution of the spacers by high-precision classification. Because of the cost, it was difficult to obtain a stable display quality liquid crystal display device by a simple method.

JP-A-56-140324 and JP-A-63-143
824054, JP-A-4-93924, JP-A-5-19
6946 and JP-A-7-318950 use a structure in which colored layers of two or three colors are superposed as a spacer, so that the thickness (cell gap) of the actually obtained liquid crystal layer is one of the colored layers. The thickness was about two layers or two layers, and it was difficult to obtain a liquid crystal display having a sufficient cell gap. Further, when the cell gap is maintained only by the thickness of the two or three colored layers, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the colored layer. At this time, for example, problems such as the color characteristics of the color filters being restricted occurred, and it was difficult to obtain a liquid crystal display device having good display quality. As described above, both the performance of forming a spacer for providing a sufficient cell gap in the colored layer and the performance of a pixel for performing color display are required, and material design is difficult. Further, when an electrode is formed on the color filter after the spacer is formed, an electrode is also formed on the spacer, but the electrode on the spacer is short-circuited with the wiring for driving the liquid crystal display device formed on the opposing substrate. And the display quality was significantly reduced.

Further, there are a method of forming a spacer with one resin layer on a color filter and a method of forming a spacer by laminating one of three primary colors and a resin layer to form a spacer. It was difficult to obtain a satisfactory spacer, for example, it was difficult to pattern a resin layer having a sufficient thickness. When the cell gap is smaller than the desired thickness, the light is not sufficiently modulated by the liquid crystal, which causes a problem such as a decrease in display contrast.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to fix the position of the spacer and to keep the cell gap constant. In particular, it is possible to manufacture a liquid crystal display device having good display quality without a decrease in display contrast due to an abnormal cell gap. Further, the material design of the colored layer can be facilitated as compared with the case where the spacer is formed only by stacking the colored layers. In the case where a conductive film is formed over a color filter, a short circuit with a driving wiring formed over an opposing substrate can be prevented, and a highly reliable liquid crystal display device can be manufactured. An object of the present invention is to provide a color filter which overcomes the conventional disadvantages and a liquid crystal display device using the same.

[0010]

To achieve the above object, a color filter according to the present invention and a color liquid crystal display device using the same have the following arrangement.

That is, the present invention provides a color filter in which a plurality of pixels formed of a colored layer are arranged on a substrate, wherein the color filter has a spacer formed by laminating at least two colored layers of the pixels and further laminating a resin layer separately. And a liquid crystal display device using the color filter.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below.

The color filter according to the present invention is obtained by arranging a plurality of pixels composed of a colored layer on a substrate. A black matrix may be provided as needed. The black matrix referred to here generally indicates a light-shielding region arranged between pixels, and is provided to improve display contrast of a liquid crystal display device.

The substrate used for the color filter of the present invention is not particularly limited.
Inorganic glasses such as borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, soda-lime glass having a silica-coated surface, and transparent substrates such as plastic films or sheets are preferably used.

A black matrix is formed on the substrate as required. The black matrix may be formed of a metal such as chromium or nickel, or an oxide thereof, but it is preferable to form a resin black matrix composed of a resin and a light-shielding agent in view of manufacturing costs and waste disposal costs. It is also preferable to use a resin black matrix from the viewpoint of securing the height of the spacer. The resin used for the resin black matrix is not particularly limited, but is a photosensitive or non-photosensitive material such as an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, a polyester resin, a polyimide resin, a polyolefin resin, and gelatin. Is preferably used. The resin for the black matrix is preferably a resin having higher heat resistance than the resin used for the pixel and the protective film, and a polyimide resin is preferably a resin having resistance to the organic solvent used in the process after the formation of the black matrix. Resins are particularly preferably used.

The polyimide resin is not particularly limited, but is usually prepared by heating a polyimide precursor (n = 1 to 2) having a structural unit represented by the general formula (1) as a main component or heating the polyimide precursor with an appropriate catalyst. What is converted is used suitably.

[0017]

Embedded image

The polyimide resin may contain a bond other than the imide bond, such as an amide bond, a sulfone bond, an ether bond, and a carbonyl bond, in addition to the imide bond.

In the above general formula (1), R ₁ is at least 2
A trivalent or tetravalent organic group having at least two carbon atoms. From the viewpoint of heat resistance, R ₁ is preferably a trivalent or tetravalent group containing a cyclic hydrocarbon, an aromatic ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring and having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.

Examples of R ₁ include phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthalene, perylene, diphenylether, diphenylsulfone, diphenylpropane, benzophenone, biphenyltrifluoropropane, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl. And the like, but are not limited thereto.

R_TwoHas at least two carbon atoms
Is a divalent organic group, but from the viewpoint of heat resistance, R_TwoIs a ring
Containing a hydrocarbon, an aromatic ring or an aromatic heterocycle, and
A divalent group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms is preferable. R_TwoAs an example
Phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naph
Talene group, perylene group, diphenyl ether group, diphe
Nyl sulfone group, diphenylpropane group, benzopheno
Group, biphenyltrifluoropropane group, diphenyl
Methane group, dicyclohexylmethane group, etc.
However, it is not limited to these. Structural unit (1) as main component
Polymer is R ₁, R_TwoIs from one of each of these
It may be composed of two or more types.
It may be a copolymer. Furthermore, it improves adhesion to the substrate.
Diamine as long as heat resistance is not reduced.
As a component, bis (3-amino) having a siloxane structure
Propyl) tetramethyldisiloxane
Is preferred.

Specific examples of the polymer having the structural unit (1) as a main component include pyromellitic dianhydride, 3, 3
', 4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,3', 4,4'-biphenyltrifluoropropanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,3 ', 4,4'-
Biphenylsulfonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,
At least one carboxylic acid dianhydride selected from the group consisting of 3,5, -tricarboxycyclopentylacetic acid dianhydride and the like, and paraphenylenediamine, 3,3'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether 3,4 'diaminodiphenyl ether, 3,3
Polyimide synthesized from one or more diamines selected from the group of '-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 4,4'-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane Precursors, but are not limited thereto.
These polyimide precursors are synthesized by a known method, that is, by selectively combining tetracarboxylic dianhydride and diamine and reacting them in a solvent.

As the light shielding agent for the black matrix,
Metal oxide powders such as carbon black, titanium oxide, titanium oxynitride, and iron tetroxide, metal sulfide powders, metal powders, pigments, and mixtures thereof can be used. Among them, carbon black and titanium oxynitride are particularly preferable because of their excellent light-shielding properties. Since carbon black with a good dispersion and small particle size mainly exhibits a brownish color tone,
It is preferable to mix a pigment of a complementary color to carbon black to make it achromatic.

When the resin for the black matrix is polyimide, the black paste solvent is usually N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylacetamide,
Amide polar solvents such as N, N-dimethylformamide and lactone polar solvents such as γ-butyrolactone are preferably used.

As a method of dispersing a light-shielding agent such as a pigment of a complementary color to carbon black or carbon black,
For example, there is a method in which a light-shielding agent, a dispersant, and the like are mixed in the polyimide precursor solution and then dispersed in a disperser such as a three-roll mill, a sand grinder, and a ball mill, but the method is not particularly limited. In addition, various additives may be added for improving the dispersibility of carbon black, or for improving applicability and leveling property.

As a method for producing the resin black matrix,
For example, there is a method of performing patterning after applying and drying a black paste on a substrate. As a method for applying the black paste, a dip method, a roll coater method, a spinner method, a die coating method, a method using a wire bar, and the like are suitably used. After that, heat drying (semi-curing) using an oven or a hot plate is performed. Do. The semi-curing conditions vary depending on the resin, solvent and paste applied amount, but it is usually preferable to heat at 60 to 200 ° C. for 1 to 60 minutes.

When the resin is a non-photosensitive resin, the black paste coating obtained in this manner is formed after forming a photoresist coating thereon, or when the resin is a photosensitive resin. Is exposed or developed as it is or after forming an oxygen barrier film. If necessary, the photoresist or the oxygen blocking film is removed, and the film is dried by heating (this cure). These curing conditions are slightly different depending on the coating amount when a polyimide resin is obtained from the precursor, but it is generally heated at 200 to 300 ° C. for 1 to 60 minutes. Through the above process, a black matrix is formed on the substrate.

The thickness of the resin black matrix used in the present invention is preferably 0.5 to 2.0 μm, more preferably 0.8 to 1.5 μm. As will be described later, the thickness of the resin black matrix is important for securing the cell gap of the liquid crystal display device. When the thickness is smaller than 0.5 μm, the light-shielding properties become insufficient, which is not preferable. When the film thickness is more than 2.0 μm, the light-shielding property can be secured, but the flatness of the color filter is sacrificed, and a step is likely to occur. When a surface step occurs, even if a transparent conductive film or a liquid crystal alignment film is formed on the color filter, the step is hardly reduced, and the alignment treatment by rubbing of the liquid crystal alignment film becomes non-uniform, and the cell gap varies. For example, the display quality of the liquid crystal display device is deteriorated. To reduce the surface step, it is effective to provide a transparent protective film on the colored layer, but it is disadvantageous in that the structure of the color filter becomes complicated and the production cost increases.

The light shielding property of the black matrix is O
It is represented by D value (common logarithm of the reciprocal of transmittance). In order to improve the display quality of the liquid crystal display device, the OD value is preferably 2.0 or more, more preferably 2.5 or more. Preferably it is 3.0 or more. The preferred range of the thickness of the resin black matrix has been described above, but the upper limit of the OD value should be determined in relation to this. O
For measurement of D value, microspectroscopic light MCPD2 manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.
000 using a substrate on which a black matrix is not formed as a reference.

In order to reduce the influence of the reflected light and improve the display quality of the liquid crystal display device, the reflectance of the black matrix is 2 as the luminosity-corrected reflectance (Y value) in the visible region of 400 to 700 nm. % Or less, more preferably 1% or less. The reflectance was measured by using a microspectroscopic light MCPD2000 manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd. using an aluminum thin film as a reference.

Between the black matrices in the display screen,
Usually, an opening of (20 to 200) μm × (20 to 300) μm is provided, and a plurality of colored layers of three primary colors are arranged so as to cover at least this opening.

The coloring layers forming the pixels constituting the color filter include at least three primary colors. That is,
When color display is performed by the additive color method, three primary colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) are selected. When color display is performed by the subtractive color method, cyan (C) and magenta (M) are used. ),
Three primary colors of yellow (Y) are selected. Generally, a picture element for color display can be formed by using an element including these three primary colors as one unit. For the coloring layer, a resin colored with a coloring agent is used.

As the coloring agent used in the coloring layer, organic pigments, inorganic pigments, dyes, and the like can be suitably used.
Further, various additives such as an ultraviolet absorber, a dispersant, and a leveling agent may be added. As the organic pigment, phthalocyanine-based, aziraki-based, condensed azo-based, quinacridone-based, anthraquinone-based, perylene-based, and perinone-based pigments are preferably used.

As the resin used for the colored layer, a photosensitive or non-photosensitive material such as an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, a polyester resin, a polyimide resin, a polyolefin resin, and gelatin is preferably used. It is preferable to disperse or dissolve the colorant in these resins for coloring. As the photosensitive resin, there are types such as a photodecomposable resin, a photocrosslinkable resin and a photopolymerizable resin, and in particular, a monomer, an oligomer or a polymer having an ethylenically unsaturated bond and an initiator which generates a radical by ultraviolet rays. A photosensitive composition, a photosensitive polyamic acid composition, and the like are preferably used. As the non-photosensitive resin, those which can be developed with the above-mentioned various polymers are preferably used. However, heat-resistant resins capable of withstanding such heat in the process of forming a transparent conductive film and the process of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device are preferably used. Is preferable, and a resin having resistance to an organic solvent used in a manufacturing process of a liquid crystal display device is preferable. Therefore, a polyimide resin is particularly preferably used.

As a method of forming a colored layer, for example,
There is a method of performing patterning after applying and drying a colored paste on a substrate. As a method of obtaining a colored paste by dispersing or dissolving the colorant, after mixing the resin and the colorant in a solvent, three-roll, sand grinder, there is a method of dispersing in a dispersing machine such as a ball mill, The method is not particularly limited.

As a method for applying the colored paste, a dipping method, a roll coater method, a spinner method, a die coating method, a method using a wire bar, or the like is preferably used, as in the case of the black paste. Heat drying (semi-cure) is performed using a plate.
The semi-curing conditions vary depending on the resin, solvent and paste applied amount, but it is usually preferable to heat at 60 to 200 ° C. for 1 to 60 minutes.

In the case where the resin is a non-photosensitive resin, the colored paste film thus obtained is formed after forming a photoresist film thereon, or when the resin is a photosensitive resin. Is exposed or developed as it is or after forming an oxygen barrier film such as polyvinyl alcohol. If necessary, the photoresist or the oxygen blocking film is removed, and the film is dried by heating (this cure). The curing conditions are different depending on the resin. However, when a polyimide resin is obtained from the precursor, the curing condition is usually 1 to 6 at 200 to 300 ° C.
It is common to heat for 0 minutes. Through the above process, a patterned colored layer is formed on the substrate.

The resin separately laminated after laminating the colored layers of at least two of the three primary colors includes epoxy resin, acrylic resin, urethane resin, polyester resin, polyimide resin, polyolefin resin, and gelatin. For example, a photosensitive or non-photosensitive material is preferably used. Among these resins, an acrylic resin or a polyimide resin is particularly preferably used because of ease of lamination. There are two types of photosensitive resin, a negative type and a positive type. In the present invention, either type may be used. However, when the size per resin laminated separately is small (100 μm 2 or less), the pattern formation is easy.
A positive type is preferred. When the separately formed material is photosensitive, the separately formed resin layer and transparent protective layer can be formed simultaneously. In this case, for example, it is achieved by performing double exposure combining the flash exposure of the entire surface and the pattern exposure of the resin layer portion separately formed. In the case of a negative type, the exposed area remains a pattern after development. Therefore, the integrated exposure amount of the separately formed resin layer portion may be larger than that of the transparent protective layer portion. In the case of the positive type, the unexposed area remains after development, so that the integrated exposure amount of the separately formed resin layer portion may be smaller than that of the transparent protective layer portion. As the non-photosensitive resin, those which can be developed with the above various polymers are preferably used.

Various additives such as a coloring agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a dispersing agent, and a leveling agent used in the resin black matrix and the coloring layer as described above are added to these resins as necessary. You may. Specifically, for example, as inorganic particles, silica, barium sulfate, barium carbonate, calcium carbonate, extender pigments such as talc, and black, red, blue, green and other coloring pigments, and alumina, zirconia, magnesia, beryllia, Ceramic powders such as mullite and cordierite, and glass-ceramic composite powders are used. Of the extender pigments, barite, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, silica and talc are preferred. Further, metal oxide powders such as carbon black, titanium black, manganese oxide, iron tetrachloride, and aluminum oxide, metal sulfide powders, and metal powders may be used. The same material may be used as the coloring layer constituting the color filter, but it is formed separately from the formation of the pixels.

As a method of forming the resin layer, for example,
There is a method of performing patterning after applying and drying an uncured resin material on a substrate. As a method of dispersing or dissolving the colorant in the resin material, after mixing the resin and the colorant in a solvent, three rolls, a sand grinder,
There is a method of dispersing in a dispersing machine such as a ball mill, but the method is not particularly limited.

As a method for applying the resin material, a dipping method, a roll coater method, a spinner method, a die coating method, a method using a wire bar, and the like are preferably used, as in the case of the black paste. Heat drying (semi-cure) is performed using a plate. The semi-curing conditions vary depending on the resin, solvent and paste applied amount, but it is usually preferable to heat at 60 to 200 ° C. for 1 to 60 minutes. The resin material film obtained in this manner, when the resin is a non-photosensitive resin, after forming a positive type or photoresist film thereon,
When the resin is a photosensitive resin, exposure and development are performed as it is or after forming an oxygen blocking film. If necessary, the photoresist or the oxygen blocking film is removed, and the film is dried by heating (this cure). The curing conditions vary depending on the resin, but when a polyimide resin is obtained from the precursor, it is generally heated at 200 to 300 ° C. for 1 to 60 minutes. Through the above process, a patterned resin layer is formed on the substrate.

The upper area of the resin layer thus formed is preferably equal to or smaller than the lower area from the viewpoint of obtaining the strength of the spacer. If the lower area of the resin layer is smaller than the upper area, cracks may occur around the upper area when manufacturing a liquid crystal display device. Here, the upper area and the lower area will be described with reference to an example of the shape of the resin layer, as shown in FIG.

It is preferable that the areas of the surfaces of the resin layer and the adjacent colored layer that are opposed to each other are different from each other. If the areas of the opposing surfaces are different from each other, it is possible to prevent variations in the thickness of the spacer due to misalignment when forming the resin layer.
A conductive film, a transparent protective film, or the like may be interposed between the resin layer and the adjacent colored layer.

First, a case will be described in which the color filter is formed of colored layers of three primary colors, and the spacer includes a laminated layer of colored layers of three of the three primary colors and a spacer formed by further laminating a resin layer separately. As described above, after forming the first color layer on the entire surface of the substrate on which the black matrix is formed, unnecessary portions are removed by photolithography to form a desired first color pattern. I do. In this case, a colored layer is left at least in a portion covering the pixel portion and a portion where the spacer is formed by lamination.
The same operation is repeated for the second color and the third color, and a colored layer is formed so that one colored layer remains on the pixel portion and three colored layers remain on the spacer. Even if the coloring layer of the pixel portion and the coloring layer forming the spacer are continuous,
They can be separated. After a spacer is formed by laminating three colors of a colorant, an uncured resin material is formed over the front surface, and unnecessary portions are removed by photolithography to form a desired resin layer pattern. In this case, the resin layer is left on the three colors of the colorant.
In this way, a spacer obtained by laminating three of the three primary colors on the spacer and further laminating a resin layer separately is obtained.

Next, a case will be described in which the color filter is composed of colored layers of three primary colors, and the spacer is composed of a laminated layer of colored layers of two of the three primary colors and another laminated layer of a resin layer. As described above, the formation of the colored layer of the first color and the formation of the second colored layer
A pixel portion is formed by forming a color layer of a color and a color layer of a third color. The spacer may be formed by laminating any two of the first colored layer, the second colored layer, and the third colored layer. In this way, a colored layer is formed such that one colored layer remains on the pixel portion and two colored layers remain on the spacer. After a spacer is formed by laminating two colored layers, an uncured resin material is formed over the front surface, and unnecessary portions are removed by photolithography to form a desired resin layer pattern. At this time, the resin layer is left on the two colors of the colorant. In this manner, a spacer obtained by laminating two of the three primary colors and further laminating a resin layer on the spacer is obtained.

It is not particularly limited whether two-color or three-color or more of the colored layers constituting the pixel are formed on the spacer. However, an increase in the number of stacked layers causes a reduction in process yield. Lamination of two colored layers is preferred.

As for the laminated colored layers of at least two colors forming the spacer, it is preferable that the upper area of the colored layer formed in this way is equal to or smaller than the lower area in order to obtain the strength of the spacer. If the lower area of the colored layer is equal to or smaller than the upper area, cracks may occur around the upper area when manufacturing a liquid crystal display device.

It is also preferable that the colored layers of at least two colors forming the spacers have different areas of the surfaces facing each other between the colored layers and the adjacent colored layers. If the areas of the opposing surfaces are different from each other, it is possible to prevent variations in the thickness of the spacer due to misalignment when forming the resin layer.

In the present invention, the area and location of the spacer are greatly affected by the structure of the substrate facing the color filter when manufacturing a liquid crystal display device. Therefore, when there is no restriction on the opposing substrate side, the area and arrangement location of the spacer are not particularly limited. Considering the size of the pixel, the area of the top of the spacer formed in the display screen is 10 μm ² to Preferably it is 1000 μm ² . If it is smaller than 10 μm ² , it is difficult to form and laminate a precise pattern, and if it is larger than 1000 μm ² , it is necessary to completely dispose it in a portion corresponding to the black matrix in the display screen, depending on the shape of the spacer. Becomes difficult. Such spacers can be placed in the display screen and / or
Or it is formed in the display screen. The inside of the display screen in the present invention refers to an area used for display inside the frame, not including the frame. The term “outside the display screen” refers to a region including the frame portion, which is not used for display outside, and includes a seal portion and a further outside region.

The total thickness of the at least two colored layers and the separately laminated resin layer constituting the spacer is preferably 1 μm or more and 10 μm or less. If it is less than 1 μm, it becomes difficult to control the cell gap. On the other hand, if it is larger than 10 μm, it becomes difficult to form a spacer. The thickness of the separately laminated resin layer is determined by the relationship with the thickness of at least two colored layers laminated, but is preferably 0.3 μm or more and 5 μm or less from the viewpoint of ease of pattern formation.

In the present invention, if necessary, a conductive film necessary for driving the liquid crystal may be formed. The conductive film is manufactured through a method such as dipping, chemical vapor deposition, vacuum evaporation, sputtering, or ion plating. As the conductive film used in the present invention, those having a low resistance value, high transparency, and which do not impair color display characteristics are preferable. As a specific example of a typical transparent conductive film, indium tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide, tin oxide, or an alloy thereof can be used. The thickness of such a transparent conductive film is 0.01 to 1 μm, preferably 0.1 to 1 μm.
03 to 0.5 μm. The order of forming the conductive films is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to form the spacers by stacking the coloring layers in order to drive the liquid crystal. Further, it is preferable to form between the layer after the coloring layer and the layer of the resin layer separately from the viewpoint of reducing display defects due to short circuit between the electrode formed on the spacer and the counter electrode substrate.

The color filter may be provided with a transparent protective film on the colored layer if necessary. The transparent protective film may be formed after laminating two or three colored layers or separately by laminating a resin layer. The latter is preferred. However, when a transparent electrode is formed on the color filter, the transparent protective film is preferably formed before the formation of the transparent electrode in order to reduce loss of driving voltage.

In the color filter of the present invention, a thin film transistor element or a thin film diode (TF
D) Elements, scanning lines, signal lines, and the like may be provided.

Next, a color liquid crystal display device manufactured by using the color filter of the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 shows an example of the color liquid crystal display device of the present invention. The color filter and the counter substrate are attached to each other. A thin film transistor (TFT) element, a thin film diode (TFD) element, a scanning line, a signal line, and the like are provided over the counter substrate in addition to the pixel electrode, so that a TFT liquid crystal display device or a TFD liquid crystal display device can be manufactured. A liquid crystal alignment film is provided on the color filter and the counter substrate, and an alignment process such as rubbing is performed. After the alignment treatment, the color filter and the counter substrate are attached to each other using a sealant, and after the liquid crystal is injected from an injection port provided in the seal portion, the injection port is sealed. The module is completed by mounting an IC driver or the like after attaching the polarizing plate to the outside of the substrate.

The position on the opposing substrate where the spacer comes into contact is not particularly limited. A projection pattern having a role of a spacer may be provided.

The liquid crystal to be used is not particularly limited, but more preferably a nematic liquid crystal or a smectic liquid crystal is used for obtaining a good display. The smectic liquid crystal includes a ferroelectric liquid crystal, an antiferroelectric liquid crystal, a thresholdless antiferroelectric liquid crystal, and the like.

The color filter of the present invention and a color liquid crystal display device using the same are used for display screens of personal computers, word processors, engineering workstations, navigation systems, liquid crystal televisions, videos, etc., and also for liquid crystal projection. It is preferably used. Further, in the field of optical communication and optical information processing, it is suitably used as a spatial modulation element using a liquid crystal. A spatial modulation element modulates the intensity, phase, deflection direction, etc. of light incident on the element according to an input signal to the element, and is used for real-time holography, a spatial filter, incoherent / coherent conversion, and the like. It is.

[0058]

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to preferred embodiments, but the efficacy of the present invention is not limited by the embodiments used.

Example 1 (Preparation of resin black matrix) 3, 3 ', 4, 4'
-Biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, and bis (3-aminopropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane with N-methyl-2
The reaction was carried out using pyrrolidone as a solvent to obtain a polyimide precursor (polyamic acid) solution.

A carbon black mill base having the following composition was dispersed at 7000 rpm for 30 minutes using a homogenizer, and the glass beads were filtered to prepare a black paste. Carbon black mill base Carbon black (MA100, manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation) 4.6 parts Polyimide precursor solution 24.0 parts N-methylpyrrolidone 61.4 parts Glass beads 90.0 parts Alkali-free glass having a size of 300 x 350 mm (OA-2, manufactured by NEC Corporation) A black paste was applied on a substrate using a spinner, and the substrate was placed in an oven at 135 ° C.
For 20 minutes. Subsequently, a positive resist (Shipley “Microposit” RC100 30 cp) was applied using a spinner and dried at 90 ° C. for 10 minutes. The resist film thickness is 1.
The thickness was 5 μm. Exposure machine PLA-501 manufactured by Canon Inc.
Using F, exposure was performed through a photomask.

Next, an aqueous solution containing 2% by weight of tetramethylammonium hydroxide at 23 ° C. was used as a developer.
The substrate was dipped in a developing solution, and simultaneously, the substrate was swung so as to make one reciprocation in a width of 10 cm in 5 seconds, thereby simultaneously developing the positive resist and etching the polyimide precursor. The development time was 60 seconds. After that, the positive resist was stripped with methylcellosolve acetate,
After curing at 300 ° C. for 30 minutes, a resin black matrix substrate was obtained. The thickness of the resin black matrix is 0.9
0 μm, and the OD value was 3.0. The reflectance (Y value) at the interface between the resin black matrix and the glass substrate was 1.2%.

(Preparation of Colored Layer) Next, as red, green and blue pigments, a dianthraquinone pigment represented by Color Index No. 65300 Pigment Red 177, Color Index No. 74265, respectively.
A phthalocyanine green pigment represented by Pigment Green 36 and a phthalocyanine blue pigment represented by Color Index No. 74160 Pigment Blue 15-4 were prepared. Each of the above pigments was mixed and dispersed in a polyimide precursor solution, and red,
Green and blue colored pastes were obtained.

First, a blue paste was applied on a resin black matrix substrate and dried with hot air at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes.
Semi-cure at 0 ° C for 20 minutes. Thereafter, a positive resist (Shipley "Microposit" RC100 30cp) was applied by a spinner, and dried at 80 ° C for 20 minutes. Exposure was performed using a mask, the substrate was dipped in an alkali developing solution (Shipley "Microposit" 351), and simultaneously developing the positive resist and etching the polyimide precursor were performed while simultaneously swinging the substrate. Thereafter, the positive resist was stripped with methyl cellosolve acetate, and cured at 300 ° C. for 30 minutes. The thickness of the colored pixel portion was 2.0 μm. By this patterning, the first step of the spacer was formed on the resin black matrix together with the formation of the blue pixel. The area of the first stage of the spacer was about 150 μm ² .

After washing with water, the second step of the spacer was similarly formed on the resin black matrix together with the formation of the red pixel. The area of the second stage of the spacer is about 130 μm ²
Met. The thickness of the red pixel portion was 1.8 μm.

After further washing with water, green pixels were formed in the same manner. However, in the green colored layer, the third stage of the spacer was not formed. The thickness of the green pixel portion was 1.5 μm.

Next, an ITO film was formed as a mask by a sputtering method. The thickness of the ITO film was 150 nm, and the surface resistance was 20 Ω / □.

After washing with water, a resin layer was laminated. The polyimide precursor solution described above was used for the resin layer.
The polyimide precursor solution was applied, dried with hot air at 90 ° C. for 15 minutes, and semi-cured at 125 ° C. for 20 minutes. Thereafter, a positive resist (Shipley "Microposit" RC100 30cp) was applied by a spinner, and dried at 80 ° C for 20 minutes. Exposure is performed using a mask, and an alkaline developer (Shipley "Microposit" 3
In 51), the substrate was dipped, and simultaneously the developing of the positive resist and the etching of the polyimide precursor were simultaneously performed while rocking the substrate. After that, the positive resist was peeled off with methyl cellosolve acetate, and further, 300
Cure at 30 ° C. for 30 minutes. The thickness of the resin layer was 3.2 μm. By this patterning, the third stage of the spacer was formed, and a spacer formed by laminating two of the three primary colors and further laminating a resin layer separately was formed. The resin layer was formed so as not to protrude from the second step of the spacer formed by laminating the coloring layers. The upper area of the resin layer is about 100 μm ²
The area under the resin layer was about 120, and the area at the top of the spacer was about 100 μm ² per piece. The height of the spacer was 5.0 μm. The spacer is
One in three pixels is provided in the screen. Further, a spacer formed by laminating a colored layer and a resin layer at the same density as in the screen was provided on a part of the frame formed of a resin black matrix around the screen. (Preparation of Color Liquid Crystal Display Device) A polyimide-based alignment film was provided on the color filter, and a rubbing treatment was performed.
Also, a counter substrate with a transparent electrode having a thin film transistor element was prepared, and a polyimide-based alignment film was similarly provided,
Rubbing treatment was performed. After a color filter provided with an alignment film and a transparent electrode substrate provided with a thin film transistor element were bonded to each other using a sealant, liquid crystal was injected from an injection port provided in a seal portion. The liquid crystal was injected by leaving the empty cell under reduced pressure, immersing the injection port in the liquid crystal tank, and returning the pressure to normal pressure. After injecting the liquid crystal, the injection port was sealed, and a polarizing plate was attached to the outside of the substrate to produce a cell. The obtained liquid crystal display device had no short circuit between the color filter substrate and the opposing substrate, a sufficient cell gap was secured, and had a good display quality.

Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, after forming the pixels and the second stage of the spacer, a hydrolyzate of γ-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane (1 molar equivalent) and p -Phenylenediamine (0.5 molar equivalent), 3,3 ',
A solution of a curable composition (polyimide siloxane precursor) obtained by reacting with 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (1 molar equivalent) is spin-coated and heat-treated at 280 ° C. for 40 minutes. Then, a 0.5 μm thick overcoat film made of polyimide siloxane was formed. Then, after forming an ITO film and laminating a resin layer in the same manner as in Example 1, a color liquid crystal display device was manufactured. In the obtained liquid crystal display device, there is no short circuit between the color filter substrate and the opposing substrate, a sufficient cell gap can be secured, and the overcoat film causes the inclination around the spacer to be loose, resulting in poor alignment. It was difficult and good display quality.

Comparative Example 1 In the same manner as in Example 1, the first step of the spacer was formed together with the formation of the blue pixel, and the second step of the spacer was formed together with the formation of the red pixel.

After washing with water, green pixels were formed in the same manner. However, unlike Example 1, a third spacer step was also formed. The thickness of the green pixel was the same as in Example 1.

Next, an ITO film was formed as a mask by a sputtering method. The thickness of the ITO film was 150 nm, and the surface resistance was 20 Ω / □.

The height of the spacer thus obtained is
It was 3.5 μm. The arrangement and density of the spacers were the same as in Example 1.

A color liquid crystal display was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1. When the liquid crystal display device was driven, the contrast was significantly reduced, and the display quality was poor.

[0074]

The color filter of the present invention is provided with a spacer formed by laminating a colored layer and separately laminating a resin layer. Since a liquid crystal display device is manufactured using the spacer, the following effects can be obtained. Can be (1) The spacer does not exist on the pixel portion, and the display quality is not degraded due to the scattering or transmission of light by the spacer, and the display contrast is particularly improved. (2) When a conventional spherical spacer or rod-shaped spacer is used, since the spacer comes into contact with the substrate at a point or a line, the alignment film and the transparent electrode are damaged, and display defects appear. Since the spacer in the present invention comes in contact with the transparent electrode substrate facing the surface, the alignment film and the transparent electrode are less damaged and a display with less defects is obtained. (3) The step of dispersing the spacer is not required, and the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display device is simplified. (4) It is not necessary to control the particle size distribution of the spacer with high precision, and the manufacture of the liquid crystal display device is facilitated. (5) Since the cell gap is maintained by the thickness of at least two or more colored layers constituting the pixel and the thickness of the resin layer separately laminated, a liquid crystal display device having a sufficient cell gap can be obtained. (6) After stacking the colored layers, the height of the spacer can be adjusted. (7) The performance required for the colored layer (the ability to form the spacer) could be reduced as compared with the case where the spacer was formed only by the lamination of the colored layers constituting the pixel. The material design of the coloring layer has become easier. (8) When the electrode layer is formed, it is not necessary to form an electrode on the upper portion of the spacer by sequentially performing the lamination of the coloring layer, the formation of the electrode layer, and the lamination of a separate resin layer. It is possible to prevent display failures caused by electrodes formed on the spacers.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an example of a cross-sectional view of a color filter having spacers obtained by laminating two colored layers of pixels obtained by the present invention and further laminating a resin layer separately.

FIG. 2 is an example of a cross-sectional view of a color filter having a spacer obtained according to the present invention. A transparent conductive film is provided between the coloring layer and the resin layer.

FIG. 3 is an example of a sectional view of a color filter having a spacer obtained according to the present invention. A transparent protective film and a transparent conductive film are provided between the coloring layer and the resin layer.

FIG. 4 is an example of a cross-sectional view of a color filter having a conventional spacer.

FIG. 5 is an example of a cross-sectional view of a color filter having a conventional spacer. The spacer is formed on the black matrix only by lamination of the colored layer.

FIG. 6 is an example of a sectional view of a liquid crystal display device using a color filter having a spacer obtained according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an example of a cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display device using a color filter having a spacer.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the shape of a separately laminated resin layer.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the area of the opposite surface of a coloring layer adjacent to a resin layer.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Separately formed resin layer 2: Colored layer (R) 3: Colored layer (G) 4: Colored layer (B) 5: Black matrix 6: Glass substrate 7: Transparent conductive film 8: Transparent protective film 9: Orientation Film 10: Pixel electrode 11: Liquid crystal 12: Upper area 13: Lower area 14: Area of the surface where the separately formed resin layer faces the adjacent colored layer 15: Opposite the resin layer where the adjacent colored layer is separately formed The area of the surface to be

Claims (13)

[Claims] In a color filter in which a plurality of pixels formed of a colored layer are arranged on a substrate, at least two of the pixels are provided.
A color filter comprising a spacer formed by laminating a color coloring layer and further laminating a resin layer separately. 2. The color filter according to claim 1, wherein the upper area of the resin layer is equal to the lower area or the upper area is smaller than the lower area. 3. The color filter according to claim 1, wherein the areas of the surfaces of the resin layer and the adjacent colored layer opposite to each other are different from each other. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the spacer is formed on a black matrix.
Color filter described in the item. 5. The color filter according to claim 4, wherein the OD value of the black matrix is 2.0 or more. 6. The color filter according to claim 4, wherein the reflectance of the black matrix is 2% or less. 7. The color filter according to claim 4, wherein the black matrix is a resin black matrix made of a resin containing a light shielding agent. 8. The color filter according to claim 7, wherein the resin forming the resin black matrix is polyimide. 9. A resin black matrix having a thickness of 0.5
The color filter according to any one of claims 7 to 8, wherein the thickness of the color filter is from 2.0 to 2.0 m. 10. An overcoat film on a colored layer and a black matrix.
9. The color filter according to any one of items 9 to 9. 11. A laminated color layer of at least two colors,
The color filter according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising a transparent electrode between the resin layer and the laminated resin layer. 12. The display device according to claim 1, wherein said spacer is provided inside and / or outside a display screen.
A color filter according to any one of the preceding claims. 13. A liquid crystal display device using the color filter according to claim 1.