JP2000084429A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the reduction of crushing efficiency due to the friction heat generating at the time of crushing. SOLUTION: Air (cold air) injection holes 11 are formed in both side faces 1s, 1s of a main body near the respective rotary axes 2 and at the time of operation, air is constantly jetted to cool the rotary axes 2 and rotary blades 3. Due to the jetting pressure of the air, un-crushed large wastes gather near the center of the rotary axes 2 and small particles of crushed wastes are stirred in the surrounding of the rotary balades 3 and, therefore, more frequently brought into contact with the rotary blades 3 and as a result the crushing efficiency is heightened. A communication route 16 surrounding the circumference of a bearing 4 is formed in the inside of the side wall 1w of the main body 1 and cooling water is injected through an injection hole communicated with the route 16, discharged out of a discharge hole and again circulated to a circulation route communicated in the injection hole to cool the bearing 4. An injection hole 12 for liquefied nitrogen is formed in a cover for the front face of the main body and in the case, further efficient cooling work is required, liquefied nitrogen is properly jetted to cool the rotary blades 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crusher, and more particularly, to an improvement in a structure for improving crushing efficiency.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Waste disposal has become a major social problem. In particular, waste plastics may emit harmful substances such as dioxin if incompletely burned during incineration.Therefore, it is necessary to completely burn the waste plastics. Crushed.

In addition, not only in the case of incineration, but also in the case of dissolving in the case of producing regenerated products from waste plastics, they are finely crushed in order to increase the dissolving efficiency. The pulverization at the time of the dissolving treatment is applicable not only to the case of plastic but also to the case of regenerating non-ferrous metals such as copper wire and aluminum can.

[0004] A general pulverizer is one in which a waste is put into a main body in which a rotary blade is provided in a closed container, and the rotary blade pulverizes the waste.

[0005]

However, in the conventional crusher, the crushed material is excessively soft due to frictional heat generated between the refuse during crushing or between the refuse and the rotary blade and the rotating shaft. Therefore, there is a problem that the cutting effect of the rotary blade is weakened. In particular, when the pulverized material is a plastic, the degree is extremely large, and not only the cutting edge effect is reduced due to softening, but also the softened or melted plastic clings to the rotary blade, which further hinders the pulverizing action.

[0006] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to prevent a reduction in grinding efficiency due to generation of frictional heat during grinding in a grinding machine.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a cooling means in a main body of the crusher,
The cooling means cools the main body and the rotary blade. By doing so, the temperature rise due to frictional heat generated during grinding can be suppressed,
The waste is not excessively softened, the reduction of the cutting effect of the rotary blade is suppressed, and the crushing efficiency is increased as compared with the case where no cooling means is provided.

[0008] As the cooling means, on the inner wall of the main body,
Providing a flow passage along the periphery of the bearing of the rotary shaft of the rotary blade,
The outer surface of the main body is provided with an injection hole and a discharge hole connected to the flow passage, the cooling water is injected into a circulation path from the injection hole to the discharge hole through the flow passage and from the discharge hole to the injection hole again, and the bearing is provided. Can be cooled.

With this configuration, the rotating shaft of the rotary blade and the rotary blade are cooled through the cooling of the bearing, so that the softened pulverized material is suppressed, and the reduction in the pulverization efficiency can be prevented.

[0010] Further, a liquid nitrogen injection means may be provided as the cooling means, and the liquid nitrogen may be injected to the rotary blade by the injection means to cool it.

In this case, since the rotary blade is directly cooled, the softening of the pulverized material is further suppressed, and the pulverization efficiency is increased.

Further, as cooling means, means for injecting cool air toward the center of the rotating shaft from both ends of the rotating shaft of the rotary blade along the rotating shaft is provided. While cooling the shaft and rotating blade,
A configuration in which the pulverized material is collected near the center of the rotating shaft can be adopted.

With this configuration, the rotary blade is directly cooled to suppress the softening of the pulverized material, and the center of the rotating shaft is a position where the rotary blade and the pulverized material are efficiently in contact with each other. The grinding efficiency is further increased.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external view of a crusher 100 according to this embodiment. The main body 1 in which waste is crushed is a substantially cylindrical container having both ends closed, and is integrated on a base B with its cylindrical axis being horizontal. A hopper 20 for putting waste into the main body 1 is connected to the main body upper surface 1t. On the front surface of the hopper 20, an accumulation table 20a for temporarily accumulating waste before being thrown in is provided.

As shown in FIG. 2, a rotary shaft 2 is disposed inside the main body 1 in parallel with the cylindrical axis, and a plurality of rotary blades 3,. It is fixed. The rotating shaft 2 is rotatably supported by bearings 4 embedded in both side walls 1 w and 1 w of the main body 1, and a pulley 21 is fixed to a portion protruding outside the main body 1. Then, as shown in FIG.
Pulley 23a of the motor 23 installed close to
The rotation shaft 2 of the rotary blade 3 is rotated by the drive of the motor 23 by belt transmission.

Further, the fixed blade 5 for crushing the waste by pairing with the rotary blade 3 has its cutting edge along a part of a circle slightly outside the circle of the locus of rotation of the rotary blade 3 when rotating. Several are provided on the inner wall of the main body 1 in the form of being bent. The fixed blade 5 is fixed by screws 5b so that replacement and position adjustment can be performed, and by removing covers 6 and 7 on the front surface 1f and the rear surface 1b of the main body, the screw fixing portion can be operated from outside. I can do it.

Below the rotary blade 3, as shown in FIG. 3, a screen 8 whose cross section forms an arc along the locus of rotation of the blade of the rotary blade 3 extends from one end of the rotary shaft 2 to the other end. It is provided over the entire range. The screen 8 is formed of a mesh steel plate, and when the crushed pieces that are crushed above and fall on the screen 8 attempt to pass through the mesh, the crushed pieces are adjusted to a certain size by the mesh. And fall below the screen 8. This screen 8
By changing the size of the mesh, the size of the crushed pieces to be collected can be changed.

Below the screen 8, FIGS. 2 and 3
As shown in FIG. 1, a shooter 9 is provided so as to be connected to the lower edge of the main body 1, and a lower end of the shooter 9 is further connected to a circular pipe 10 for discharging crushed pieces with its axis directed horizontally. I have. Although both ends of the discharge pipe 10 are open, when the crusher 100 is operated, one of them is covered, and the other is connected to a collection container for crushed pieces.

On both sides 1s, 1s of the main body,
An injection hole 11 for injecting air (cool air) into the main body 1 is provided at a position near the rotation shaft 2. The hole axis of the injection hole 11 is oriented in the horizontal direction, and the air injected from the injection hole 11 flows in the main body 1 in the direction along the rotation axis 2. 1
1 a is a nipple for connecting a hose H to the injection hole 11.

The front surface 1f of the main body is provided with liquid nitrogen injection holes 12 at three locations in the horizontal direction in the cover 6 portion. Reference numeral 12a denotes a nipple for connecting a hose to the injection hole 12, and the three nipples 12a are connected to one common circular pipe 13. One end of the circular tube 13 is connected to a liquid nitrogen injection hose H, and the other end is closed.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.
Injecting holes 14 and 14 for injecting cooling water into the main body 1 are provided at lower two places at four corners of b, and discharging holes 15 and 15 for discharging the cooling water are provided at upper two places. The injection hole 14 and the discharge hole 15 are connected to a flow path 16 provided inside the side wall 1 w of the main body 1. The flow path 16 is formed on the left and right side walls 1 w and 1 w respectively.
From the inside of the side wall 1w, and surrounds the periphery of the bearing 4 and is connected to the upper discharge hole 15. The operating state of the crusher 100 provided with the cooling means as described above is as follows.

During operation of the crusher 100, cooling water is always injected into the flow passage 16 in the side wall 1w from the injection hole 14 below the rear surface 1b of the main body, and the cooling water is discharged through the flow passage 16 to the discharge hole 1
The cooling water is discharged from the injection hole 5 again by the pump (not shown) through the injection hole 14 and circulated around the bearing 4 to cool it.

Depending on the degree of temperature rise, especially when a stronger cooling effect is required, such as when the object to be ground is metal, the liquid nitrogen is appropriately supplied from the liquid nitrogen injection hole 12 shown in FIGS. Nitrogen is injected and injected into the rotary blade 3 to cool it.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the air injection holes 11, 11 on both side surfaces 1s, 1s of the main body,
The air is constantly injected to cool the rotary shaft 2 and the rotary blades 3. In this case, the air injection not only cools the rotary blades 3 but also generates large waste in an uncrushed state by the injection pressure. Is brought to the center of the rotating shaft 2, and the position is the position where the chance of contact between the rotary blade 3 and the waste is greatest, while the waste that has been crushed into small particles is stirred around the rotary blade 3. In addition, the chance of contact between the uncrushed waste and the rotary blade 3 is increased, and from this point, the function of increasing the grinding efficiency is achieved.

The crushed pieces crushed by the rotary blade 3 subjected to the cooling action as described above are made uniform in size by the screen 8, fall to the shooter 9 below the screen 8, and guided to the shooter 9. Then, it falls into the discharge pipe 10 connected to its lower end.

Then, it is recovered from one opening of the discharge pipe 10 into a recovery container (not shown) and transferred to an incineration process or a melting process for regeneration.

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention, the cooling means is provided around the main body in which the rotary blade is housed in the closed container, so that the temperature rise in the main body due to frictional heat at the time of pulverization is suppressed. In addition, there is an effect of preventing a reduction in grinding efficiency.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a front view of an embodiment including a half section.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the embodiment as viewed obliquely from behind.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body 1w Main body side wall 2 Rotating shaft 3 Rotating blade 4 Bearing 5 Fixed blade 6 Main body front cover 7 Main body rear cover 8 Screen 9 Shooter 10 Discharge pipe 11 Air (cold air) injection hole 12 Liquid nitrogen injection hole 12a Nipple for liquid nitrogen injection 14 Cooling water injection hole 15 Cooling water discharge hole 16 Flow passage 20 Hopper 21 Pulley 22 Belt 23 Motor

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A crusher for introducing waste into a main body having a rotary blade disposed in a closed container and crushing the waste by the rotary blade, wherein a cooling means is provided on the main body, and the cooling means is provided. A crusher for cooling the main body and the rotary blade to suppress a rise in temperature of the waste due to frictional heat during crushing. 2. As the cooling means, a flow passage is provided on an inner wall of the main body along a circumference of a bearing of a rotary shaft of the rotary blade, and an injection hole and a discharge hole connected to the flow passage are provided on an outer surface of the main body. 2. The bearing is cooled by injecting cooling water into a circulation path from the injection hole to the discharge hole via the flow passage and from the discharge hole to the injection hole again.
A crusher according to claim 1. 3. The cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling unit is a liquid nitrogen injection unit, and the injection unit jets the liquid nitrogen to the rotary blade to cool it. Crusher. 4. A means for injecting cool air toward the center of the rotating shaft from both ends of the rotating shaft of the rotary blade along the rotating shaft as the cooling means, and injecting the cool air by the injecting means to rotate the rotating blade. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein the shaft and the rotary blade are cooled, and the crushed material is collected near the center of the rotary shaft.