JP2000060215A - Combined working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the soil raked and gathered in front of a earth-removing blade from being accompanied by a crawler, and precisely carry out leveling of the field surface after plowing and turning even in a case in which the leveling is carried out by a combined working machine having the earth-removing blade attached thereto, and connected to a tractor, especially a crawler type tractor. SOLUTION: This combined working machine is mounted on a tractor by a 3-point link hitch mechanism. The working machine has an expansion frame, a soil-removing blade, a harrowing device, a press wheel, etc. The expansion frame is mounted on the 3-point link hitch mechanism of the tractor. The soil- removing blade is installed in the expansion frame. The expansion frame is equipped with the harrowing device, the press wheel, etc., arranged in the rear direction in the working-progressing direction. A space in which the gathered soil can be stored when the soil is gathered is largely formed between the rear part of the tractor and the soil-removing blade.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a compound work machine,
More specifically, the present invention relates to a combined work machine suitable for surface leveling work in a field in which plowing is reversed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In today's tilling work, in place of rotary cultivation, which performs agitation work, organic matter circulation farming method in which organic matter existing on the surface of a field is circulated in soil, and further, a wide field is cultivated efficiently. Plow work machines have been widely adopted because they can be turned upside down. In the tillage reversing work using such a plow work machine, the reversed field soil thereafter is arranged in a wavy pattern on the surface of the field, and the unevenness is relatively large, so that it is not possible to immediately perform the planting work and the sowing work. Can not. For this reason, ground surface work such as crushing work, leveling work, and crushing work is performed on the field surface in which the plowing is reversed. Since these leveling works are usually performed using different working machines, a working machine corresponding to each work is required.

On the other hand, the environment surrounding recent Japanese agriculture is required to be low in cost. On the other hand, profitability is also important for sustainably operating agriculture, so high efficiency,
High profitability is required. In other words, by increasing the scale of farming, it is possible to reduce costs and promise highly profitable agriculture. For that purpose, if the area of one section is less than one hectare as it is at present, the achievement of the target will be jeopardized.

In an agricultural environment in which the area of one section of a field tends to expand in this way, leveling, crushing soil,
Prior to each ground leveling work for crushing, it is necessary to perform soil work as the area expands. The soil gathering work requires so-called soil transportation work, in which a high place on the surface of the field is shaved, and the so-called soil cutting work is carried out, and at the same time, the ground soil is carried to a low place. In addition to such earth gathering work, if the work of crushing, leveling, and crushing is performed using different work machines, work efficiency is poor and high profit cannot be expected. Therefore, a compound work machine capable of performing each of soil gathering, crushed soil, leveling, and crushing work in one field maintenance work has come to be used.

The soil gathering work cannot be performed by simply equipping the work machine with an earth discharging plate, and it is necessary to surely grasp the degree of earth cutting in order to level the soil layer. In addition, it is also necessary that the excavation plate be ground during the work, and that it has a large capacity for reliably carrying the soil.

[0006]

However, as described above, the soil discharging plate for carrying and soil cutting work is attached to the front part in the working direction of the compound work machine, and the compound work machine is of a tractor type, especially a crawler type. When working with a tractor, if the space formed between the crawler and the soil removal plate is small, the excavated soil will immediately spread on both sides of the soil removal plate, and further on its upper edge. The soil wraps around behind the soil discharge plate, or the soil gathered on the soil discharge plate is guided by the rear part of the crawler. Then, the soil that was carried around will be scattered in the field by the traveling of the tractor,
There was a problem that the original purpose of the soil dumping plate, which is to level the field, could not be achieved. Therefore, in order to increase the space between the dump plate and the tractor, it is necessary to equip the dump plate as far away from the tractor as possible, but considering the overall work, the center of traction resistance is Since the position is far from the tractor, the traction force is reduced, which is not preferable.

Therefore, according to the present invention, even when a tractor, particularly a crawler type tractor, is mounted with a compound work machine equipped with an earth-discharging plate for leveling work, the compound work machine is scraped in front of the earth-discharging plate. It is an object of the present invention to prevent soil from being circulated by a crawler, and moreover to ensure that the field surface after plowing and reversing can be leveled.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a combined work machine mounted on a tractor by its three-point link hitch mechanism.
An expansion frame attached to the three-point link hitch mechanism of the tractor, an earth-discharging plate attached to the expansion frame, and an expansion frame on the expansion frame toward the rear in the work advancing direction. , A compression wheel, and the like, and are configured so that a large space can be formed between the rear portion of the tractor and the soil discharge plate for accommodating the soil at the time of soil gathering. . As a result, the excavated soil does not cross over the soil discharge plate and go around behind it,
Moreover, it is not accompanied by the chlora. Also,
The enlarged frame has a three-point link hitch mounting portion near the tractor and a work machine mounting hitch portion on the side opposite to the tractor, and an earth-discharging plate is arranged and mounted near the hitch portion along the working width direction. Therefore, by equipping the expanded frame with a work machine with crushing, leveling, and crushing functions, efficient work becomes possible and it is suitable for arranging large-scale fields. . Further, in the above-mentioned compound work machine, the upper link of the three-point link hitch mechanism of the tractor is mounted through a long hole formed on the enlarged frame side, and the mounting point of the upper link is within the range of the long hole. It has a light receiving part that can move freely and that receives the laser light from the light emitting part, and this light receiving part is placed in a plane parallel to the reference plane drawn by the laser light by the drive control of the lift mechanism of the tractor. It is characterized in that the earth removal plate is configured to move up and down with the ground contact surface of the compression wheel as a fulcrum so that the lower edge can move in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the height of the lower end edge of the soil discharge plate can be controlled with high accuracy, and thus the surface of the field can be finished horizontally with high accuracy.

According to the present invention having such a structure, even when the tractor, particularly the crawler type tractor, is mounted with the compound work machine to which the soil discharging plate is attached to perform the ground leveling work, the soil discharging plate is used. It is possible to reliably carry the soil that has been gathered without being shunted by the chlora.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In these drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a compound work machine according to the present invention. The compound work machine 1 is an expansion frame 2 to which an earth discharging plate 26 is attached in order from the front in the working direction, and is attached to this. The crushed soil device 3, the leveling plate 46, and the crushing device 4 having the crushing wheel 43 are attached and configured.

The compound work machine 1 is mounted on and controlled by the tractor T, and the compound work machine 1 is mounted on the tractor by the three-point link hitch mechanism of the tractor T. That is, a long hole 21A is formed along the working direction in the mast frame 21 provided at the front part of the expansion frame 2 in the work proceeding direction, and the upper link UL of the three-point link hitch mechanism of the tractor is formed in this long hole 21A. The mounting point of the upper link UL, which is attached, can be freely moved within the range of the long hole 21A for the reason described below. On the other hand, the front frame 22 on which the mast frame 21 is erected is installed on the cross shaft 2 provided in the working width direction.
2A, and the lower link LL of the three-point link hitch mechanism of the tractor is attached to both ends of the cross shaft 22A. As a result, the expansion frame 2, that is, the combined work machine 1 is mounted on the tractor T. It should be noted that although the embodiment of the present invention has been described using the tractor type tractor T, the present invention is not limited to this and can be used for a wheel tractor. .

An upper frame 23 and two lower frames 24, 24 extend rearward in the working direction from the mast frame 21 and the front frame 22 of the enlarged frame 2, and the upper frame 23 and the lower frames 24, 24 are provided.
In the rear part, from the upper frame 23 to the lower frame 24,
Two upper and lower frames 25, 25 are stretched around 24. Further, via the bent portions 25X of the two upper and lower frames 25, 25, a bracket 25A,
25A is provided, and by gripping the beam 26A of the soil discharge plate 26 by the brackets 25A and 25A,
The soil discharging plate 26 extending in the working width direction is to be attached to the expansion frame 2. Further, a reinforcing frame 27 extending in the width direction for reinforcing the lower frames 24, 24 and the upper and lower frames 25, 25 is provided at the rear end of the lower frames 24, 24 in the working direction. Furthermore, a bracket 23A is provided at the end of the upper frame 23, and brackets 27A and 27A are provided at predetermined positions on the reinforcing frame 27.

The bracket 23A and the bracket 27A,
27A includes a blade 31 of a type that rotates around a plurality of vertical axes that rotate by receiving power from the PTO shaft of the tractor T.
The soil crushing device 3 having is attached. Further, a pressure suppressor 4 configured by attaching a coil roller 43 to a gate-shaped frame 42 is attached via a connecting rod 41 extending rearward from the crushing device 3 in the working direction. A turnbuckle 44 is laid between the upper part of the gate-shaped frame 42 of the crusher 4 and the rear part of the soil crushing device 3, and the crusher 4 is used as a fulcrum by adjusting the length of the turnbuckle 44. The tillage depth of the soil discharge plate 26 can be adjusted. Further, between the crushing device 3 and the crusher 4, a bracket 45 extending from the gate frame 42 of the crusher 4 has a flat plate 46 for leveling the surface after crushing.
Is attached. In the present invention, it is not necessary to specifically limit the crushing device 3, the flat plate 46, and the crusher 4, and for example, a commercially available tine or disk type crushing device can be used.

Next, a case where the compound work machine 1 having such a structure is used for ground leveling work will be described. First, before starting the work, by adjusting the turnbuckle 44 in the field, the compression wheel 4 is moved up and down to move the soil removal plate 26.
Set the working depth of the excavated soil. Then, by advancing the compound work machine by the tractor T, the soil discharge plate 26 causes
After plowing and reversing the plowing machine, the field is leveled by excavating and carrying soil. At this time, between the tractor T, especially between the rear portion of the crawler and the earth shaving plate 26,
Since the expansion frame 2 is provided so that the distance between the two is wide, the soil collected by the soil discharge plate 26 is not entrained by the rear part of the crawler and scattered over the field. Further, for the soil in the portion leveled by the soil discharging plate 26, the soil crushing device 3 attached to the rear portion of the soil discharging plate 26 performs the stirring and mixing work, and at the same time, the crushing device 3
A leveling plate 46 and a pressure suppressor 4 attached to the rear portion of the rear plate perform both leveling and pressure suppressing operations. This work is performed over the entire field by advancing the tractor T to complete the ground leveling work.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a light receiving portion 28 for receiving laser light from the light emitting portion is provided at a position corresponding to a position right above the earth discharging plate 26 of the compound work machine 1 in a side view. 28X
It may be attached via. By attaching the light receiving section 31 to the multi-function machine 1 in this way,
The combined work machine 1 uses the pressure suppressor 4 as a grounding point so that the light receiving section 28 is always positioned in the reference plane H drawn by the laser light from the light emitting section (not shown) provided outside the field.
Since the vertical movement is controlled by the lift mechanism 5, the field can be accurately leveled.

The control of the combined work machine 1 by the laser light will be described in detail below. First, the lift mechanism 5 of the tractor T will be briefly described. One end of a lift rod 51 forming the lift mechanism 5 as schematically shown in FIG. 4 is connected to the lower link LL provided in the tractor T. A part of a lift arm 53 pivotally connected by a pivot point 52 is connected to the other end of the lift rod 51, and a rod 54 of a lift cylinder 54 is connected to the other end of the lift arm 53.
A is connected. And this lift cylinder 54
Due to the expansion and contraction movement of the lower arm LL, the lift arm 53 rotates about the pivot point 52, so that the lower link LL can be moved up and down via the lift rod 51.

Next, the structure of the control circuit of the compound work machine 1 using laser light will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, a light receiving unit 28 for receiving laser light from a light emitting unit is attached to the multi-function machine 1 via a pole 28X, and a signal received by the light receiving unit 28 is input. A control box C is provided on the tractor T. In addition, the control signal from the control box C is used to control the flow rate of the pressure oil flowing from the hydraulic pump P via the switching valve S and the switching valve S switching the flow of the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump P included in the tractor T. It is input to the control valve F and the lift cylinder 54 is controlled. Also,
The light emitting unit is arranged at an arbitrary position outside the field in which a work is being performed, and a predetermined plane can be drawn in the air.

Here, the role of the long hole 21A (free zone) provided in the mast 21 of the compound work machine 1 to which the upper link UL is attached will be described. When the tractor T travels on the unevenness existing in the field during the leveling work, the tractor T naturally moves up and down due to the unevenness.
This vertical movement is also transmitted to the combined work machine 1,
The light receiving unit 28 also moves up and down. By the vertical movement of the light receiving unit 28, the control box C is moved to the light receiving unit 2 as described later.
8 operates so as to be within the reference plane H, and the multi-tasking machine 1 is controlled so that the position of the soil discharge plate 26 with respect to the reference plane H is always constant. At this time, if the mast 21 is not provided with the elongated hole 21A, the vertical control of the lift mechanism of the tractor T is directly transmitted to the compound work machine 1, so that the entire compound work machine 1 is moved up and down. . As a result, in the field, relatively large unevenness is formed on the surface of the field due to the unevenness of the combined work machine.
However, when the attachment point of the upper link UL and the mast 21 exists in the elongated hole 21A, the actual vertical movement control amount of the tractor T is not transmitted to the compound work machine 1 as it is.
It will be transmitted in both upper and lower directions. In other words, the lift height of the compound work machine 1 is a lever movement with the ground contact point of the pressure suppressor 4 as a fulcrum, so that the exhaust force existing between the hitch point of the lower link LL and the ground contact point of the pressure suppressor 4 exists. The lift height at the lower end of the soil plate 26 is smaller than the lift height of the compound work machine 1 and unevenness with a small pitch is formed on the field surface, but it is possible to finish the surface in a substantially horizontal state as a whole. it can.

Next, this control operation will be explained. When the soil scavenging plate 26 is located in the concave and convex portions existing in the field during the ground leveling work, the light receiving portion 28 is below the reference plane H drawn by the laser beam, in other words. Then, the laser light projects below the reference plane H. At this time, the flow of the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump P is switched by the switching valve S according to the signal obtained by the control box C calculating the deviation from the reference plane H drawn by the light emitting unit received by the light receiving unit 28, and The opening degree of the flow control valve F is adjusted. That is, the light receiving unit 28 outputs a signal that causes the lift cylinder 5 to return to the reference plane H.
The pressure oil is supplied so that the rod 54A of No. 4 shortens. When the rod 54A of the lift cylinder 54 is shortened by the supplied pressure oil, the lift arm 53 rotates counterclockwise around the pivot point 52 in the drawing and the lower link LL via the lift rod 51. Rises.
As a result, the front end portion of the combined work machine 1 is lifted up with the ground contact point between the crusher 4 and the field as a fulcrum,
The light receiving unit 28 is located within the reference plane H. On the other hand, conversely, when the soil discharge plate 26 is located on the uneven convex portion existing in the field in the ground leveling work, the light receiving unit 28 causes the reference plane H to move.
In other words, it projects above the reference plane H drawn by the laser light. In this case, contrary to the above, the pressure oil is supplied so that the rod of the lift cylinder 54 extends. Then, the pressure oil is supplied and the rod of the lift cylinder 54 is extended, whereby the lift arm 5
3 rotates clockwise about the pivot point 52 in the drawing (FIG. 4), and the lower link LL descends via the lift rod 51. As a result, the front end portion of the combined work machine 1 is lowered so as to be pushed down with the ground contact point between the crusher 4 and the field as a fulcrum, and the light receiving portion 28 is positioned within the reference plane H.

By this control, the combined work machine 1
As the soil discharging plate 26 scrapes the surface of the field or carries the soil, the field surface changes from a relatively large unevenness Tx to a relatively small unevenness Ty as shown in FIG.
A field surface parallel to is formed.

To briefly summarize the above, the position of the soil discharging plate 26 of the compound work machine 1 is located right above the earth discharging plate 26.
When the light receiving section 28 for receiving the light is attached through the pole 28X to perform the work, the tractor T has unevenness in the field.
Even if the vertical movement of the light-receiving unit 28, the light-receiving unit 28 is always located in the reference plane H drawn by the laser light from the light-emitting unit provided outside the field.
In other words, since the combined work machine 1 can work in a horizontal state regardless of the unevenness of the field, the leveling of the field is improved.

[0022]

As is apparent from the above description, even when the compound work machine to which the soil discharging plate is attached is attached to the tractor, particularly the crawler type tractor to perform the leveling work, It is possible to prevent the soil collected in front from being spun on the field by being dragged around by the rear part of the crawler. Also, in leveling work,
Since the compound work machine is moved up and down along the reference plane drawn by the laser beam, it is possible to reliably construct the leveled ground parallel to the reference plane by the soil discharging plate that directly performs the work.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a combined work machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the combined work machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an enlarged frame used in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a control circuit diagram of the combined work machine used in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of a working state in a field.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Combined work machine 2 Enlarged frame 21 mast frame 21A long hole 22 Front frame 22A cross shaft 23 Upper frame 23A bracket 24 Lower frame 25 upper and lower frames 25A bracket 26 Excavator 27 Reinforcement member 27A bracket 28 Light receiving part 28X Paul 3 crushing equipment 31 blade 4 crusher 41 Connection rod 42 portal frame 43 Spring roller 44 turnbuckle 45 bracket 46 flat plate 5 Lift mechanism 51 lift rod 52 pivot 53 Lift arm 54 lift cylinder 54A rod C control box P pump S switching valve F Flow control valve T tractor UL upper link LL Lower Link

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F term (reference) 2B034 AA03 AA09 BA07 BB01 BB02                       BC06 BE01 BE02 BG05 EA02                       EA07 EA10 EB05 JA04 JA23                       JA24 JA30 JB01 JB02                 2B304 KA12 KA13 LA18 LB05 LB06                       LB15 MA02 QC08

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A compound work machine mounted on a tractor by its three-point link hitch mechanism, wherein an enlarged frame mounted on the tractor's three-point link hitch mechanism.
The tractor rear part and the earth shaving plate attached to the expansion frame, and the slicing device, the compaction wheel, and the like on the expansion frame toward the rear in the work advancing direction. A compound work machine characterized in that a large space can be formed between the soil discharging plate and the soil discharging plate when accommodating soil. 2. The enlarged frame has a three-point link hitch mounting portion near the tractor and a work implement mounting hitch portion on the side opposite to the tractor, and works on the earth discharging plate near the hitch portion in a side view. The combined work machine according to claim 1, wherein the combined work machine is arranged and attached along a width direction. 3. The multi-tasking machine is equipped with a tractor 3
The upper link of the point link hitch mechanism is mounted through a long hole formed on the enlarged frame side, and the mounting point of this upper link can freely move within the range of the long hole.
It has a light receiving part that receives the laser light from the light emitting part, and the lower end edge of the earth removing plate moves horizontally within the plane parallel to the reference plane drawn by the laser light by the drive control of the lift mechanism of the tractor. 2. The compound work machine according to claim 1, wherein the earth removal plate is configured to move up and down by using the grounding surface of the compression wheel as a fulcrum.