JP2000024630A - Garbage treating system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To lower energy consumption and environmental load increase by providing the primary treating part treating together transferred ground garbage soln., excrement and domestic waste water and the secondary treating part reducing the volume of the primary treated matter formed at the primary treating part, lightening the matter or reclaiming the matter as the resources. SOLUTION: The garbage ground with a disposer 1 is transported to a post-treating tank through piping 2. At the primary treating part 3, the garbage, the excrement and the domestic waste water are once received in an admixture removing tank 4. then quantitatively supplied to an anaerobic fermentation tank 5. At the anaerobic fermentation tank 5, the org. compd. originated from the garbage, the excrement and the domestic waste water is converted to microorganism and stored. The waste water is discharged through moreover an aerobic biological treating tank 6 and a precipitating/separating tank 7. A part of the waste water from the aerobic biological treating tank is returned to the anaerobic fermentation tank 5 to remove the nitrogen in the waste water by a nitrified liq. cycling method. The primary treated matter (microorganism) stored in the anaerobic fermentation tank 5 is reclaimed as the resources at the secondary treating part 8. Here, the primary treated matter is subjected to solid liq. separation. and then dried to produce a soil conditioner.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage processing apparatus for processing garbage generated in homes, offices, and the like, and a method of operating the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 03-89954 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 04-3 have disclosed a method of processing kitchen garbage after crushing kitchen garbage generated in each home by a crusher installed in the kitchen, transferring the pipes, and processing the kitchen garbage.
There are known processing methods disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 05284 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 06-55158. As a method not using a crusher, there is a method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 05-208186. All of these inventions focus on sanitary disposal of kitchen waste.

[0003] JP-A-03-89954 and JP-A-Hei 0
The kitchen garbage disposal device disclosed in 4-305284 gazette
After the garbage is crushed by a crusher and transferred to a post-processing section, the garbage solids are recovered by solid-liquid separation and then processed. Wastewater generated when the crushed garbage is collected by solid-liquid separation is discharged into the environment as it is.

A processing method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 06-55158 discloses a method of crushing garbage with a garbage crusher installed in the kitchen of each household in an apartment complex, transferring the tubing with water, and collecting garbage in one place. Is what you do. Garbage disposal involves collecting garbage from wastewater containing garbage by solid-liquid separation, composting it by solid-phase fermentation, and aiming for recycling. Only garbage solids are processed.

[0005] The treatment method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 05-208186 discloses a method in which garbage is squeezed with a piston to dewater and reduce the volume, thereby improving the handleability at the time of disposal and oxidizing the squeezed waste water with ozone. Then, the odor component and the pollutant component extracted into the water are oxidized.

[0006]

However, it is necessary to design the waste disposal in the future so as to minimize energy consumption and environmental load. In the case of waste treatment, even though the conventional system for incineration and volume reduction of everything and total oxidation treatment that releases the environment as carbon dioxide is recycled as a resource as a social and environmental infrastructure for sustainable development. Until the research and development and the invention, there was no proposal for a comprehensive solution to these problems.

Further, the garbage disposal method for crushing garbage and transferring it to a pipe and then reducing the volume thereof can improve the hygiene of a work place such as a kitchen, because the garbage can be directly discarded at its source. In addition, the volume reduction by the post-treatment can reduce the amount of waste finally disposed and reduce the environmental load, so it can be an environmentally friendly kitchen waste disposal method.
Actually, when garbage is crushed, organic components in the garbage are dissolved, and the BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) value, which is an index of water pollution, increases. For this reason, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
9954, JP-A-04-305284 and JP-A-06-305284.
In the processing apparatus disclosed in JP-A-55158, crushed garbage is collected and only garbage solids are processed, and pollutants dissolved in wastewater are discharged without treatment, thereby increasing the burden on the environment. There was a problem that would. In addition,
Even if crushed garbage is collected and drained to sewer weekend treatment plants, septic tanks, and settlement wastewater treatment facilities designed to treat only human waste and domestic wastewater, the load rises, and the design performance cannot be guaranteed. I will.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a garbage processing system for processing garbage generated in homes and business establishments, which consumes less energy and raises environmental load, in order to solve the above problems.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In a kitchen waste disposal system according to the present invention, waste is directly crushed at its source by crushing kitchen waste and transferring it to a pipe, thereby improving sanitation of a work place such as a kitchen. In addition, the grinding of the waste has an effect of uniforming the size of the waste as a pretreatment step for smoothly processing the waste in the post-treatment.

In the post-processing, the organic waste is converted into a form that can be easily transported in the vicinity of the place where the organic waste is generated, in a house, in a detached house, in a city block, or in an apartment, and in a factory, in a factory. To perform primary processing to facilitate collection.
After that, the primary processing material is processed or converted into valuable resources in a centralized processing type volume reduction factory and recycling factory, thereby securing economies of scale and reducing the energy consumption required for organic waste processing. By reducing energy consumption, energy consumption during facility construction, energy consumption during transportation, treatment, energy consumption during recycling, energy consumption during the recycling of recycled materials, and the environmental load of each process are integrated into conventional organic waste. The present invention proposes an organic waste treatment system that can be significantly reduced compared to a treatment system as a waste treatment / recycling system as a social infrastructure maintenance tool. In a community plant, a factory, or the like in which the post-processing sufficiently secures the merits of scale, it is also effective to combine the primary processing unit with the secondary processing unit. These are the first to third inventions of the present application.

In particular, the system of the present invention collects kitchen garbage from a place where it is generated by using a transfer pipe for human waste and domestic waste water generated in daily living activities, and collects kitchen waste, human waste and domestic waste water, both of which are made of organic matter. It can be an organic waste recycling technology for which no effective recycling means has been proposed for domestic waste.

In the fourth invention of the present application, the pulverizing section (disposal section)
The present invention provides a process for purifying and discharging organic polluted wastewater generated in the waste treatment system of the present invention, which does not increase the pollution load on the environment even if the discharged water is discharged.

According to the fifth and sixth aspects of the present invention, impurities such as metal pieces, glass, and porcelain pieces, which may be erroneously mixed in the process of crushing kitchen garbage, are mixed into recycled products in the post-processing step, and Provided is a method for removing contaminants for preventing deterioration in quality and effectively recycling and dispersing organic organic waste.

Further, in households and factories, a large amount of dry waste such as paper and plastic is discharged together with organic waste such as kitchen waste. The current waste treatment system uses the organic waste “humid garbage” that causes spoilage,
Other "dry trash" is mixed, discarded, collected and treated. Therefore, regardless of the amount of waste, the frequency of collection is set to a large value due to concerns about environmental pollution due to decay.Furthermore, dioxins may be generated in incineration and volume reduction of garbage mixed with organic waste. I have.

In view of the above, the present invention proposes a process capable of independently collecting and treating "wet refuse" and other "dry refuse", thereby reducing about 1/2 of the total energy consumption of the current waste treatment. Dioxin derived from organic waste is reduced by reducing the frequency of the recovery process, which is said to occupy, without lowering the quality of the recovery service, and removing organic waste from the general incineration process of dry waste. A process is provided to increase the efficiency of thermal energy recovery in incineration by eliminating the potential for generation and further reducing the amount of moisture in the waste brought into the incineration process. This is the seventh invention of the present application.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Organic waste such as kitchen garbage is crushed by a disposer, transported by pipes with water, and in the vicinity of the place where the waste is generated, in houses, in detached houses, in urban districts, in apartments, in factories, in factories. It is transferred to the primary processing unit installed in units and the like.
In the primary treatment section, organic waste is heated, blast-dried, dried (composted) using a microbial reaction, reduced in volume such as carbonization and incineration, weight reduction, dehydration, sterilization, cooling and other preservative treatments And the primary storage. Organic waste is disposed of at the place where it is generated, and at homes, it is treated with a disposer installed in the kitchen, so it can be disposed of every time it is generated. There is no need to store until the day, and the hygiene of the living space and working space is improved.

In addition, since organic waste can be separated in advance when storing garbage in a house or the like, not only is storage of other dry waste sanitary, but also the storage place is made of organic waste. It is not necessary to make a closed structure or the like on the premise of decay, and storage becomes easy.

Further, in the process of collecting dried wastes other than organic wastes into garbage, collecting the collected wastes, separating the collected wastes with a machine or the like, and recycling the wastes, the present system provides the prior separation of the organic wastes. , Greatly improve the workability of the recycling process.

In this system, since wastewater containing organic pollutants such as domestic wastewater is treated together in the primary treatment unit, kitchen waste can be collected by using a human waste and domestic wastewater transfer pipe.
Energy consumption and environmental load for facility maintenance can be set small.

In the system of the present invention, only organic waste is selectively recovered. Therefore, it can be used as a recycled material as a high-quality organic resource. Composting, heat drying, etc., which are drying methods utilizing microbial reactions, are applied to soil improvement materials, feed, fertilizers, carbonized and activated to activated carbon, water treatment carriers, methane fermentation to methane gas, organic acids, etc. It is possible to convert to plastics and reuse for recycling. In this case, in order to efficiently and economically convert the valuable resources, it is necessary to collect a large amount of the valuable resources and perform the processing intensively.

Therefore, in the system of the present invention, after the organic waste is collected in the vicinity of the place where the organic waste is generated, the organic waste is firstly treated so as to be easily transported, firstly stored, and a certain amount is accumulated. By combining a treatment system like this and a secondary treatment unit that collects organic waste by vehicle from the primary treatment unit and intensively converts it into valuables, it can be used to remove waste from each dwelling unit, as in the current sewer final treatment system. Does not require large-scale construction to connect to the wastewater treatment plant with a sewer pipe, and
As with the current garbage collection administration service, it provides an efficient recycling system with minimal social capital investment without running around a large number of collection vehicles.

[0022]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the attached drawings. Table 1 shows the BOD and SS concentrations (solid matter concentrations) of the crushed kitchen wastewater. When garbage is crushed and poured into sewers,
It is evident that the load on the drainage becomes extremely large even when compared with kitchen drainage.

[0023]

[Table 1]

FIG. 1 is a process diagram of a waste disposal system according to the present invention. The primary treatment system of the present invention collects kitchen garbage in an appropriate urban area and collective housing unit, and the primary treatment system (community plant) reduces and stores the kitchen garbage at an appropriate frequency. , And to a secondary processing unit for recycling. In order to convert kitchen waste into compost, soil conditioner, biodegradable plastic, organic acid, etc. for recycling, a system that reduces energy consumption and environmental load, including all processes from waste collection to recycling Design is required.

In the system of the present invention, organic waste can be selectively recovered by using a disposer, and by recovering the waste at an appropriate scale of a housing aggregate, it is possible to ensure a sufficiently stable and stable source of the resources to be recycled. Therefore, it is possible to provide a recycling system that can set high recycling efficiency and suppress energy consumption and increase in environmental load.

FIG. 2 shows an example in which the primary processing system of the present invention is applied to an apartment house. Garbage generated in each dwelling unit is processed each time it is generated by a disposer 1 installed in the kitchen of each dwelling unit. The garbage crushed by the disposer is transported to the post-treatment tank via the pipe 2. Carrier water is supplied to the disposer from a kitchen faucet. It is also effective to separately supply transfer water to the pipe in order to avoid a decrease in fluidity due to pipe fouling. Transfer water to be supplied to the disposer and piping is not limited to tap water, well water, etc.
Miscellaneous water such as rainwater and medium water can also be used. The plumbing also transports human waste and domestic wastewater generated in the dwelling units,
Simplify the piping system and minimize the energy consumption required for piping construction and piping maintenance. In the primary processing unit 3, kitchen waste,
After once receiving human waste and domestic wastewater in the impurity removal tank 4, the wastewater is quantitatively supplied to the anaerobic fermentation tank 5. In the transfer from the impurity removing tank, the discharge side of the transfer pump is partially returned to the removing tank, and the removing tank is gently stirred to classify the organic matter and the indefinite particles, and selectively transport the organic matter. In anaerobic fermenters, kitchen waste, human waste,
Converts organic matter from domestic wastewater into microorganisms and stores them. The wastewater is further discharged through an aerobic biological treatment tank 6 and a sedimentation separation tank 7.

By returning a part of the aerobic biological treatment wastewater to the anaerobic fermenter, nitrogen in the wastewater can be removed by the nitrification liquid circulation method. The primary processing material (microorganisms) stored in the anaerobic fermenter is recycled in the secondary processing unit 8. In the present embodiment, a process of producing a soil improving material by drying after solid-liquid separation is shown.

In these series of steps, since odor is generated due to the processing, it is effective to add a deodorizing mechanism 9 to the post-processing section.

[0029]

[Effect of the Invention] For the sustainable development of society and economy, it is necessary to switch from the current mass production and mass consumption type social structure to the recycling type, but in order to convert the system and spread it, If the system is not an environment-symbiotic system that also takes into account energy consumption due to system renewal and increase in environmental load due to renewal, it cannot be an infrastructure system for a competitive society.

On the other hand, the waste treatment system according to the present invention does not require excessive capital investment and energy investment, and selectively recovers organic waste to minimize energy consumption and recycle. It provides a social system that can be done. In the case of centralized treatment systems, as in the case of large-scale surface maintenance using a terminal treatment plant, it took a very long time from planning to construction, and during that time, there was a problem that drainage from undeveloped areas caused environmental pollution. Since the system of the present invention is a distributed surface maintenance system in which processing is completed in units of independent city blocks and multiple dwelling units, it is possible to provide a recycling system that can be maintained in a short period of time and has a small energy consumption and a small increase in environmental load.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 Process diagram of waste treatment system

Fig. 2 Waste treatment system for apartment houses

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Disposer 2 ... Piping 3 ... Primary treatment part 4 ... Impurity removal tank 5 ... Anaerobic fermentation tank 6 ... Aerobic biological treatment tank 7 ... Sedimentation separation tank 8 ... Secondary treatment part 9 ... Deodorizing mechanism

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A crushing unit for crushing garbage, a water supply unit for supplying water, a transfer unit for transferring human wastewater and domestic wastewater together with the crushed garbage and the water mixture, and a transferred crushed kitchen garbage mixture , A primary processing unit that treats human waste and domestic wastewater together, and a secondary processing unit that reduces the volume, weight, or recycles the primary processing products generated by the primary processing unit. A special garbage disposal system. 2. The primary treatment unit comprises: a wastewater treatment unit for purifying wastewater; and a contaminated component mainly composed of organic matter derived from the transferred crushed garbage, human waste, and domestic wastewater, or performs a primary treatment. The garbage disposal system according to claim 1, further comprising a storage unit that stores the garbage as a processed material. 3. The treatment of the pollutant component in the primary treatment section is performed by applying biomass conversion by biological treatment, dehydration, drying, carbonization, incineration, deodorization, and filling treatment alone or in combination. The garbage disposal system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: 4. The garbage disposal system according to claim 1, wherein the wastewater treatment unit uses an anaerobic biological treatment and an aerobic biological treatment in combination. 5. The garbage disposal system according to claim 1, further comprising a contaminant particle removing unit for removing contaminant particles mixed in from the pulverizing unit. 6. The kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 5, wherein the removal of the contaminants is a sedimentation separation operation. 7. The organic waste and the other waste include a crushing unit provided near the place where the organic waste is generated, a transfer unit for transferring the crushed organic waste to a primary treatment unit, and a transfer unit. The crushed organic waste is collected and stored in a processing system consisting of a primary processing unit to prevent it from mixing with other waste, and the other waste is stored as it is or after being separated and stored. The garbage disposal system according to claim 1, wherein the garbage disposal system is transported to a dry waste treatment section or a secondary treatment section which is reduced in volume or weight or recycled.