JP2000018763A - Absorption heat pump and method for operating the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate an introduction of vapor of an absorption liquid into a condenser. SOLUTION: A flow control valve 45 is provided between an absorption liquid circulating pump 28 of an absorption liquid return tube 27 and a heat exchanger 33. A heat transfer tube 46 is internally provided in an upper part of a rectifying column 6, absorption liquid branch tubes 47 to the tube 46 are extended from the tubes 27 of both sides of the valve 45, part of an absorption liquid C from the absorber 5 to a rectifier 2 is supplied to the tube 46 to cool an upper part of the rectifier 2. After a temperature of the liquid C is raised, the liquid C is fed into the rectifier 2. As the refrigerant, a TFE is used, and as the liquid, an NMP is used. A bypass circuit 51 having a flow control valve 50 is provided that part of cooling water fed via a heat transfer tube 48B obliquely above the column 6 is fed to a cooling water tank 49 without a heat transfer tube 48A directly above the column 6. Then, an opening of the valve 45 is controlled that a temperature of an absorption liquid B detected by a temperature sensor 52 does not exceed a given value, and the opening of the valve 50 is controlled so that an atmospheric temperature detected by the sensor 53 is maintained at a predetermined value.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption heat pump device used for a heating / cooling machine, a water heater and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this type of absorption heat pump device, for example, one having a structure shown in FIG. 2 has been proposed.

In FIG. 2, an absorption heat pump apparatus denoted by reference numeral 1X heats an absorption liquid C containing a refrigerant A for heat exchange and vaporizes the refrigerant A from the absorption liquid C to form a refrigerant A and an absorption liquid B A condenser 3 for condensing and liquefying the refrigerant vapor A supplied from the rectifier 2, and the refrigerant liquid A supplied from the condenser 3 is supplied to the inside. At the same time, an appropriate heat medium that is forcibly brought into contact with the outer surface, for example, an evaporator 4 that removes latent heat of evaporation from the outside air D to vaporize the refrigerant liquid A, and a refrigerant vapor A supplied from the evaporator 4,
Reactor 2 absorbs refrigerant A by reacting with absorbent B supplied from rectifier 2 to produce absorbent C containing refrigerant A, and circulates absorbent C to rectifier 2. And an absorber 5 to be used.

[0004] The rectifier 2 is an upright cylindrical rectification tower 6.
And a regenerator 8 provided below the rectification tower 6 and provided with a burner 7 for heating the absorbing liquid C containing the refrigerant A and functioning as a heating unit. Absorbing liquid spraying means 9 for spraying the absorbing liquid C into the rectification tower 6
And a filler 10 made of a metal nonwoven fabric or the like interposed between the absorbing liquid spraying means 9 and the regenerator 8. The condenser 3 stores a refrigerant A condensed in the condenser 3. 11 are continuously provided.

[0005] The evaporator 4 is composed of a plurality of heat transfer tubes 12 erected.
An upper header 13 for connecting the upper ends of the heat transfer tubes 12 to each other, a lower header 14 for connecting the lower ends of the heat transfer tubes 12 to each other, and a lengthwise direction of the heat transfer tubes 12. A large number of heat transfer fins 15 are provided at intervals and the heat transfer tubes 12 are fixed in a penetrating state.
Further, the refrigerant liquid tank 11 communicates with the upper end of each heat transfer tube 12 via the refrigerant liquid supply pipe 16, and the upper header 13 communicates with the upper part of the absorber 5 via the communication pipe 17. Further, the lower header 14 communicates with the absorbent tank 19 provided at the lower end of the absorber 5 via the communication pipe 18.

On the other hand, the absorber 5 has an absorbing droplet lowering means 20 to which a communicating pipe 17 connected to the upper header 13 of the evaporator 4 is connected, and an interval below the absorbing droplet lowering means 20. A plurality of heat transfer tubes disposed therein for storing the absorbing liquid B that has absorbed the refrigerant by reacting with the refrigerant vapor A, that is, the absorbing liquid C, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes communicating the absorbing liquid dropping means 20 with the absorbing liquid tank 19; And an exterior body 2 provided around the heat transfer tubes 21 and forming a cooling water flow path 22 between the absorbing liquid dropping means 20 and the absorbing liquid tank 19.
The evaporator 4 is configured to suck the vaporized refrigerant A in the heat transfer tube 12 of the evaporator 4 by lowering its internal pressure.

[0007] Absorbing liquid dropping means 20 is connected to an absorbing liquid supply pipe 24 for supplying the absorbing liquid B concentrated in the regenerator 8 at an upper portion thereof. A dispersing plate 25 arranged so as to be divided is mounted, a heat transfer tube 21 is fixed below the dispersing plate 25, and the absorbing droplet lowering means 20 and the cooling water flow path 22 are separated from each other. A communication pipe 17 is connected between the partition 26 and the dispersion plate 25, and the vaporized refrigerant A is sent from the evaporator 4 through the communication pipe 17.

Further, the absorbing liquid tank 19 communicates with the absorbing liquid dispersing means 9 of the rectifier 2 via an absorbing liquid returning pipe 27. An absorption liquid circulation pump 28 for sending the absorption liquid C stored in the storage device to the absorption liquid spraying means 9 is provided.

The upper end of the outer package 23 of the absorber 5 and the condenser 3
A cooling water pipe 29 is provided between the condenser 3 and the lower end of the exterior body 23 of the absorber 5 to provide communication between them. The outer body 23, the cooling water pipe 29,
A closed circuit for cooling water circulation is formed by the condenser 3 and the cooling water pipe 30, and an indoor unit 31 for heating and a cooling water circulation pump 32 for circulating the cooling water E are provided in the middle of the cooling water pipe 30. Is provided.

Reference numeral 33 denotes a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the absorption liquids flowing through the absorption liquid supply pipe 24 and the absorption liquid return pipe 27, respectively, and reference numeral 34 denotes an evaporator 4.
Shows a blower fan for supplying outside air D to
Reference numeral 35 denotes a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the cooling water E supplied to the absorber 5 and the absorbing liquid B supplied to the absorbing liquid dropping means 20.

In the absorption heat pump apparatus 1X thus configured, the refrigerant liquid A supplied from the refrigerant liquid tank 11 flows down along the inner wall surface of each heat transfer tube 12, while the heat transfer fins 15 and the heat transfer tubes 12 When the outside air D supplied by the blower fan 34 comes into contact with the surface of the heat transfer pipe, heat exchange is performed between the outside air D and the refrigerant liquid A flowing down the inner wall surface of the heat transfer tube 12, and the refrigerant liquid A is The vaporized latent heat of vaporization is taken away and vaporized, and the refrigerant vapor A thus generated moves upward in each heat transfer tube 12 and is collected by the upper header 13 provided at the upper end of the heat transfer tube 12, and absorbed by the absorber. 5
Flows into.

The refrigerant vapor A flowing into the absorber 5 comes into contact with the absorption liquid B supplied from the regenerator 8 and is absorbed by the absorption liquid B, and the absorption liquid C having absorbed the refrigerant A passes through the heat transfer tube 21 and passes downward. Is collected in the absorption liquid tank 19, and the absorption liquid C
Is transported to the rectifier 2 by the absorbent circulation pump 28,
It is sprayed into the rectification tower 6 from the absorbing liquid spraying means 9.

The absorbing liquid C sent to the rectifying tower 6 is heated by the combustion heat generated by the burner 7 while flowing down through the space between the fillers 10 to vaporize and separate the absorbed refrigerant A, Absorbent B accumulates in regenerator 8.

The refrigerant vapor A separated and generated in the rectifier 2 exchanges heat with the cooling water E when passing through the condenser 3 to radiate heat to the cooling water E, and when passing through the absorber 5. When the refrigerant A evaporates, the heat absorbed from the outside air D is transferred to the cooling water E.

That is, the cooling water E is supplied to the absorber 5 and
It is gradually heated while circulating to the condenser 3 and then sent to the indoor unit 31 for heating.

In such an absorption heat pump apparatus 1X, the heat energy of the outside air D is absorbed to assist the heating of the cooling water E, and the amount of heat radiation from the indoor unit 31 with respect to the heat generation of the burner 7 is reduced. 1.3 times or more can be achieved.

[0017]

However, in the absorption heat pump apparatus having the above-mentioned structure, the condensing temperature is, for example, about 50 to 60 ° C., -20 to -10, so as not to be restricted by the High Pressure Gas Control Law. 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (hereinafter referred to as T)
FE) or the like as a refrigerant, and N-methyl-
When 2-pyrrolidone (hereinafter, referred to as NMP) or the like is used, if the heating in the regenerator becomes excessive, the vapor of the absorbing solution is mixed with the refrigerant vaporized in the rectifier and enters the condenser.
There is a disadvantage that the circulation of the refrigerant is hindered, and it is necessary to prevent such a problem from occurring.

[0018]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a rectifier provided with a heating unit for heating an absorbing liquid to vaporize and separate a refrigerant contained in the absorbing liquid,
A condenser that liquefies the refrigerant vapor supplied from the rectifier by exchanging heat with the first heat medium, and an evaporation that vaporizes the refrigerant liquid supplied from the condenser by exchanging heat with the second heat medium. And reacts the refrigerant vapor supplied from the evaporator with the absorbing liquid supplied from the rectifier to absorb the refrigerant into the absorbing liquid, and returns the absorbing liquid having absorbed the refrigerant to the rectifier. In the absorption heat pump device provided with a filter, a flow control valve is provided in an absorption liquid return pipe for returning the absorption liquid from the absorber to the rectifier, and the absorption liquid return pipe on both sides of the flow control valve is connected to the upper part of the rectifier. An absorption type heat pump device in which an absorption liquid branch pipe extending to a heat transfer pipe provided inside is extended, and a flow rate control valve for adjusting a flow rate of the first heat medium is provided, and an alcohol-based fluid is used as a refrigerant;

In the absorption heat pump apparatus having the above-described structure, the opening of the flow control valve provided in the absorption liquid return pipe is controlled so that the temperature of the absorption liquid supplied from the rectifier to the absorber does not exceed a predetermined value. Controlling the opening of a flow control valve that adjusts the flow rate of the first heat medium so that the temperature or pressure at the top of the rectifier in which the heat transfer tubes are installed or the temperature or pressure inside the condenser maintains a predetermined value. And an operation method of the absorption heat pump device.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIG. For easy understanding, the same reference numerals in FIG. 1 denote portions having the same functions as those described in FIG.

The absorption heat pump apparatus 1 of the present invention has a fluid whose boiling point is much lower than that of water used as a refrigerant when an aqueous solution of lithium bromide is used as an absorbing liquid, for example, has a boiling point of 7.
In this method, 4.5 ° C. TFE or the like is used as a refrigerant, and NMP or the like having a boiling point of 204 ° C. is used as an absorbing liquid.

In this case, the absorption heat pump device 1 is of a type in which the evaporator 4 has a large number of heat transfer tubes 12 built therein, and the water F stored in the cold water tank 41 inside these heat transfer tubes 12 is cooled by cold water. The refrigerant is supplied through a pipe 42 and circulated to the outside of the heat transfer pipe 12, condensed by the condenser 3,
1 is supplied, and the refrigerant liquid A is configured to remove heat from water F flowing through the heat transfer tube 12 and evaporate. Reference numerals 43 and 44 indicate the cold water pipes 4 respectively.
2 is a chilled water circulation pump and an on-off valve.

Further, a flow regulating valve 45 is provided between the heat exchanger 33 and the absorbent circulation pump 28 of the absorbent return pipe 27, and a number of heat transfer tubes 46 are provided above the rectification tower 6. Absorbent branch pipes 47 extending to the heat transfer pipes 46 extend from the absorbent return pipes 27 on both sides of the flow control valve 45, and are connected to the absorber 5.
A part of the absorbing liquid C returned to the rectifier 2 is supplied to the heat transfer tube 46 to cool the upper part of the rectifier 2, raise its temperature, and then return to the rectifier 2. It is configured.

Further, the heat transfer tube 48 installed inside the condenser 3 for cooling and condensing the refrigerant vapor A supplied from the rectifier 2 is a heat transfer tube 48A located right above the rectification tower 6.
And a heat transfer tube 48B positioned obliquely above the rectification tower 6, and a part of the cooling water E passing through the heat transfer tube 48B is cooled by the cooling water tube 30 without passing through the heat transfer tube 48A. So that we can reach the water tank 49,
A bypass circuit 51 having a flow control valve 50 is provided.

Further, the heat exchanger 33 of the absorption liquid supply pipe 24
A temperature sensor 52 for detecting the temperature of the absorbing liquid B flowing toward the absorber 5 on the downstream side, and a temperature sensor 53 for detecting the ambient temperature of the portion where the heat transfer tube 46 is provided are provided.

The opening of the flow control valve 45 provided in the absorbent return pipe 27 is controlled so that the temperature of the absorbent B detected by the temperature sensor 52 does not exceed a predetermined value, for example, 60 ° C. Flow control valve 50 provided in circuit 51
Is controlled such that the ambient temperature detected by the temperature sensor 53 maintains a predetermined value, for example, 50 ° C.

Therefore, the absorption liquid return pipe 2
A part of the absorbing liquid C returned to the rectifier 2 through the rectifier 7 is heated and returned by the heat transfer tube 46 at the upper part of the rectifier 2, so that the amount of heating by the burner 7 can be saved and the thermal efficiency is improved. Is done.

Then, the upper part of the rectifier 2 is cooled by the absorbing liquid C flowing through the heat transfer tube 46, and the temperature of this part is lower than the boiling point of the refrigerant 74.5 ° C. and the boiling point of the absorbing liquid 204 ° C. ° C, so that not only the vapor of the absorbing liquid but also the vapor of the refrigerant is easily condensed and recirculated downward, and the refrigerant in the vapor supplied from the rectifier 2 to the condenser 3 by ascending this portion. A ratio of 99% or more is secured, and there is no hindrance to refrigerant circulation.

In addition, from the regenerator 8 of the rectifier 2 to the absorber 5
Is controlled so as not to exceed a predetermined value by controlling the opening degree of the flow control valve 45, so that the temperature rises excessively and the absorbent B There is no inconvenience such as a reduction in the absorption rate when absorbing the water.

In the absorption heat pump apparatus 1 having the above structure, for example, if the indoor unit 31 shown in FIG. 2 is installed in the cooling water tank 49, the interior of the absorber 5 and the condenser 3 is cooled, and The cooling water E whose temperature has been increased is supplied to the cooling water pipe 29,
Since the air is circulated and supplied to the indoor unit 31 through the indoor unit 30, a heating action is performed in the indoor unit 31.

On the other hand, if the indoor unit 31 shown in FIG.
Is vaporized to radiate heat, and the water F whose temperature has been lowered is circulated and supplied to the indoor unit 31 through the cold water pipe 42, so that the indoor unit 31 performs a cooling action.

Since the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

For example, the opening of the flow control valve 50 may be controlled based on the pressure of the portion where the temperature sensor 53 is installed and the pressure detected.

It is also possible to detect the temperature or pressure inside the condenser 3 and control the opening of the flow control valve 50 based on the detected data.

The filler 10 to be filled in the rectifying tower 6 may be a stainless steel wire mesh or a thin wire.

Furthermore, in the absorption heat pump apparatus 1 of the present invention, a fluorinated alcohol-based fluid having a boiling point of 120 ° C. or less can be used as a refrigerant, and the absorption liquid may be ethers, esters, polyols, amides, amines or the like. Kind,
Imides, ketones, aldehydes, nitriles and the like can be used.

[0037]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the vapor of the absorbing liquid does not enter the condenser and condense with the refrigerant vapor, the circulation of the refrigerant is not hindered.

Further, the absorption liquid returned from the absorber to the rectifier via the absorption liquid return pipe is partially heated by the heat transfer tube above the rectifier and returned. Savings and improved thermal efficiency.

In addition, since the temperature of the absorbent supplied from the rectifier to the absorber is controlled so as not to exceed a predetermined value, the temperature rises excessively and the absorbent absorbs the refrigerant vapor in the absorber. There is no inconvenience that the absorption rate is reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1.1X Absorption type heat pump apparatus 2 Rectifier 3 Condenser 4 Evaporator 5 Absorber 6 Rectification tower 7 Burner 8 Regenerator 9 Absorbing liquid spraying means 10 Filler 11 Refrigerant liquid tank 12 Heat transfer tube 13 Upper header 14 Lower header REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 15 heat transfer fins 16 refrigerant liquid supply pipes 17 and 18 communication pipes 19 absorption liquid tank 20 absorption liquid dropping means 21 heat transfer pipes 22 cooling water passages 23 exterior body 24 absorption liquid supply pipes 25 dispersion plates 26 partition walls 27 absorption liquid return pipes 28 absorption Liquid circulation pump 29/30 Cooling water pipe 31 Indoor unit 32 Cooling water circulation pump 33 Heat exchanger 34 Blower fan 35 Heat exchanger 41 Cold water tank 42 Cold water pipe 43 Cold water circulation pump 44 Open / close valve 45 Flow control valve 46 Heat transfer pipe 47 Absorbent liquid branch Pipe 48 / 48A / 48B Heat transfer pipe 49 Cooling water tank 50 Flow control valve 51 Bypass circuit 52.5 3 Temperature sensor

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Toshio Kubo 2-5-5 Keihanhondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka F-term in Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (Reference) 3L093 AA05 BB01 BB22 BB48 BB49 DD08 EE04 EE14 GG02 HH02 HH15 JJ02 KK05 LL01

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A rectifier provided with a heating unit for heating an absorption liquid to vaporize and separate a refrigerant contained in the absorption liquid, and a refrigerant vapor supplied from the rectifier to a first heat medium. A condenser that liquefies by exchanging heat, an evaporator that evaporates by exchanging the refrigerant liquid supplied from this condenser with the second heat medium, and a refrigerant vapor and rectifier that are supplied from this evaporator In the absorption heat pump device, which comprises reacting the supplied absorption liquid with the absorption liquid to absorb the refrigerant and returning the absorption liquid having absorbed the refrigerant to the rectifier, the absorption liquid is supplied from the absorber. A flow regulating valve is provided on the absorbent returning pipe returning to the rectifier, and an absorbing liquid branch pipe extending from the absorbent returning pipe on both sides of the flow regulating valve to the heat transfer pipe provided inside the rectifier is extended, and A flow control valve for controlling the flow rate of the first heat medium, An absorption type heat pump device characterized by using a liquid based fluid. 2. The absorption heat pump device according to claim 1, wherein a flow control valve provided on the absorption liquid return pipe is opened so that the temperature of the absorption liquid supplied from the rectifier to the absorber does not exceed a predetermined value. And a flow control valve for controlling the flow rate of the first heat medium so that the temperature or pressure at the upper part of the rectifier in which the heat transfer tube is installed or the temperature or pressure inside the condenser maintains a predetermined value. An operation method of an absorption heat pump device, characterized by controlling an opening degree.