JP2823295B2 - Absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerator having a circulation cycle of a refrigerant and an absorption liquid, and particularly to an absorption refrigeration wherein a surfactant such as octyl alcohol is added to the absorption liquid. About the machine.

(B) Conventional technology For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-114677 discloses an absorption device in which an overflow pipe connecting the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant liquid downflow pipe to the evaporator is connected between the refrigerant liquid downflow pipe and the evaporator. A refrigerator is disclosed. Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-21433 discloses an absorption chiller / heater in which a surfactant such as octyl alcohol is added to an absorbing liquid in order to improve the heat transfer performance of the absorber.

(C) Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the above Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-2433, the octyl alcohol added to the absorbing solution circulates together with the absorbing solution. Then, the octyl alcohol in the absorbing liquid is separated from the absorbing liquid together with the refrigerant in the generator and flows to the condenser. In the condenser, for example, in the refrigerant sump or the refrigerant downflow pipe, since the specific gravity of octyl alcohol is smaller than the refrigerant liquid, a part of octyl alcohol accumulates on the refrigerant liquid, and the amount of octyl alcohol accumulated is large. In such a case, when the concentration of octyl alcohol in the absorbent decreases, the heat transfer performance in the absorber decreases. Also, as described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-114677, when an overflow pipe is provided, octyl alcohol accumulates on the refrigerant liquid reservoir of the condenser or on the absorbing liquid in the overflow pipe and the absorbing liquid. Octyl alcohol, the heat transfer performance of the absorber may be reduced as in the absorption chiller / heater disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-24333.

An object of the present invention is to prevent a large amount of a surfactant such as octyl alcohol from remaining in a condenser or the like, and to prevent a decrease in heat transfer performance of an absorber.

(D) Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention connects a refrigerant to a surfactant such as octyl alcohol by connecting pipes to an evaporator, an absorber, a generator, and a condenser. A circulation path for the added absorbent is formed, and a refrigerant liquid circulating pipe is connected between a refrigerant sprayer provided at an upper part of the evaporator and a refrigerant liquid reservoir provided at a lower part of the evaporator to evaporate. In a refrigerator or an absorption refrigerator in which a discharge side of a refrigerant liquid pump provided in the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe and a refrigerant liquid reservoir provided in a lower part of the condenser are connected by a refrigerant liquid flow down pipe, the refrigerant liquid of the condenser A return pipe of a surfactant is connected between a position above a position where the refrigerant downflow pipe of the reservoir is connected and a suction side of the refrigerant liquid pump provided in the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe, and the return pipe and the refrigerant are connected. Cool between the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe on the discharge side of the liquid pump It is an object of the present invention to provide an absorption refrigerator to which a supply pipe for a medium is connected.

In addition, the evaporator, the absorber, the generator, and the condenser are connected to each other by pipes to form a circulation path between the refrigerant and the absorbent to which a surfactant such as octyl alcohol is added. A circulation pipe was connected, a refrigerant liquid pump was provided in the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe, and a refrigerant liquid flow down pipe was connected between the refrigerant liquid reservoir provided in the condenser and the discharge side of the evaporator or the refrigerant liquid pump. In the absorption refrigerator, a return pipe of a surfactant was connected between a position above a position where the refrigerant downflow pipe of the refrigerant reservoir of the condenser was connected and the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe on the suction side of the refrigerant liquid pump. An absorption refrigerator is provided.

Further, an evaporator, an absorber, a generator, a condenser, and the like are connected to each other by pipes to form a circulation path between the refrigerant and an absorbent to which a surfactant such as octyl alcohol is added. A circulation pipe is connected, a refrigerant liquid pump is provided in the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe, and a refrigerant liquid flow down pipe is connected between the refrigerant liquid reservoir provided in the condenser and the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe or the evaporator. In the refrigerator, a return pipe of a surfactant is connected between a position above a position where the refrigerant downflow pipe of the refrigerant reservoir of the condenser is connected and a refrigerant liquid circulation pipe on a suction side of the refrigerant liquid pump, An absorption refrigerator in which a U seal portion is formed in the middle of the return pipe and a refrigerant liquid supply pipe is connected between the return pipe upstream of the U seal section and the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe on the discharge side of the refrigerant liquid pump. To provide.

(E) Operation During operation of the absorption refrigerator, the refrigerant liquid in the condenser (10)
The surfactant accumulated on the refrigerant liquid of A) flows through the return pipe (26) to the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe (22) when the liquid level rises, and the refrigerant flowing from the evaporator (2) The refrigerant is discharged from the refrigerant liquid pump (24) together with the liquid. Then, the surfactant is sprayed together with the refrigerant liquid in the evaporator (2), vaporizes and flows into the absorbers (3) and (4), and is absorbed by the concentrated absorption liquid, so that a large amount of the surfactant is stored in the refrigerant reservoir (10A). It is possible to prevent the surfactant from accumulating, avoid the decrease in the concentration of the surfactant in the absorbing solution, and maintain the heat transfer performance of the absorbers (3) and (4).

A part of the refrigerant liquid discharged from the refrigerant liquid pump (24) flows through the supply pipe (35) to the return pipe (26), and the surfactant or the refrigerant liquid is returned from the refrigerant liquid reservoir (10A) to the return pipe. (26)
When the gas does not flow into the tub, the liquid seal of the return pipe (26) is maintained, and it is possible to prevent the gas phase portion between the condenser (10) and the evaporator (2) from communicating with each other.

Further, when the U-seal portion (36) is provided in the middle of the return pipe (26), the operation of the absorption pump (24) is stopped due to the stop of the absorption refrigerator, or the absorption refrigerator is stopped abnormally. When the operation of the absorbent pump (24) stops due to the above, since the surfactant or the refrigerant liquid is accumulated in the U seal portion (36), the liquid seal of the return pipe (26) is maintained, and the absorbent liquid is retained. Even when the pump (24) is stopped, it is possible to reliably prevent the gas phase portion between the condenser (10) and the evaporator (2) from communicating with each other.

(F) Example Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

The drawing shows a double effect absorption refrigerator in which water (H ₂ O) is used as a refrigerant and a lithium bromide (LiBr) aqueous solution is used as an absorption liquid. Further, a surfactant such as octyl alcohol is added to the absorbing solution in an amount of, for example, 0.1 to 0.2 wt% in order to improve the heat transfer performance in an absorber described later.

In the drawing, (1) is an evaporator / absorber body, (1A) is an absorption liquid reservoir, (2) is an evaporator arranged in the center of the evaporator / absorber body (1), (3) and (4) are evaporators, respectively. Absorbers arranged on both sides of the vessel (2), (5) an absorbent pump, (6)
(A) is a low-temperature heat exchanger, (6B) is a high-temperature heat exchanger, (7) is a high-temperature generator using steam as a heating source, (8) is a generating condenser body, (9) is a low-temperature generator, (10) ) Is a condenser, (11) to (14) are dilute absorption liquid tubes (hereinafter referred to as dilute liquid tubes), (15) and (16) are intermediate absorption liquid tubes (hereinafter referred to as intermediate liquid tubes), (1)
7) and (18) are concentrated absorption liquid tubes (hereinafter referred to as concentrated liquid tubes), (1)
7P) is a concentrate pump, (20) and (21) are refrigerant pipes, (22) and (23) are a refrigerant sprayer (2A) at the upper part of the evaporator (2) and a refrigerant reservoir (2B) at the lower part. A refrigerant liquid circulation pipe connected between the refrigerant liquid pump, (24) a refrigerant liquid pump, and (25) a refrigerant liquid circulation pipe on the discharge side of the refrigerant liquid reservoir (10A) of the condenser (10) and the refrigerant liquid pump (24). And (23) are connected to each other as shown in the drawing.

Reference numeral (26) denotes a return pipe for a surfactant (hereinafter referred to as alcohol). The return pipe (26) is provided between the refrigerant reservoir (10A) of the condenser (10) and the suction side of the refrigerant liquid pump (24). It is connected between the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe (22) and this return pipe (2
The tip of the coolant reservoir (10A) side of 6) is connected to the coolant reservoir side wall above the connection of the coolant downflow pipe (25) to the coolant reservoir (10A). (27) and (28) are refrigerant liquid supply pipes. These supply pipes (27) and (28) are pipes having a smaller inner diameter than the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe (22) and the like, and are connected between the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe (23) and the return pipe (26). (3
Reference numeral 0) denotes a refrigerant liquid tank to which the supply pipes (27) and (28) are connected and which is provided at a position higher than the evaporator / absorber body (1).
(31) is a weir. (32) and (33) are eliminators between the evaporator (2) and the absorbers (3) (4);
(34) and (35) are eliminators between the low temperature generator (9) and the condenser (10). (36) is a cold water pipe, (3
7), (38) and (40) are cooling water pipes, (36A) is an evaporator heat exchanger, (37A), (38A) and (40A) are an absorber heat exchanger and a condenser heat exchanger It is an exchanger.

During operation of the absorption refrigerator configured as described above, the refrigerant separated from the absorption liquid by the high-temperature generator (7) is condensed through the low-temperature generator (9) and condensed into the condenser ( 1
Flow to 0). In addition, low temperature generator (9) to condenser (10)
The refrigerant vapor flowing into the heat exchanger exchanges heat with water flowing through the condenser heat exchanger (40A) and condenses and liquefies. Then, the refrigerant liquid of the condenser (10) accumulates in the refrigerant liquid reservoir (10A). Refrigerant liquid reservoir (10A)
The refrigerant liquid from the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe (2) passes through the refrigerant liquid down pipe (25).
It flows to 3) and is sprayed from the refrigerant sprayer (2A) together with the refrigerant liquid discharged from the refrigerant liquid pump (24). The refrigerant liquid exchanges heat with the cold water in the evaporator heat exchanger (36A) to evaporate, and the cold water is cooled by the heat of vaporization. Evaporator (2)
The refrigerant evaporated in the above flows into the absorbers (3) and (4), and is absorbed by the concentrated absorption liquid sprayed on the absorber heat exchangers (37A) and (38A).

The diluted absorbing liquid having a reduced concentration by absorbing the refrigerant is stored in the absorbing liquid reservoir (1A) below the evaporative absorber body (1). Then, the rare absorbing liquid is discharged from the absorbing liquid pump (5), flows to the high-temperature generator (7), is heated, and refrigerant vapor is separated from the rare absorbing liquid. Then, the absorbent having a medium concentration (hereinafter referred to as an intermediate absorbent) flows from the high-temperature generator (7) to the low-temperature generator (8) via the high-temperature heat exchanger (6B). Further, alcohol is separated from the absorbing liquid together with the refrigerant in the high-temperature generator (7) and flows to the low-temperature generator (9) through the refrigerant pipe (20). Then, in the low-temperature generator (9), the intermediate absorbent is heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant vapor and the alcohol, and the refrigerant and the remaining alcohol are further separated from the intermediate absorbent. Then, the concentrated absorbent having a higher concentration is sprayed from the low-temperature generator (9) to the absorbers (3) and (4). The refrigerant liquid and alcohol condensed by heat exchange with the intermediate absorbing liquid in the low-temperature generator (9) flow through the refrigerant pipe (21) to the condenser (10), and accumulate in the refrigerant liquid reservoir (10A). The refrigerant vapor and alcohol separated from the intermediate absorption liquid by the low-temperature generator (9) flow to the condenser (10), and are cooled by the condenser heat exchanger (40A). Collect in the reservoir (10A).

The refrigerant liquid and alcohol stored in the refrigerant liquid reservoir (10A) flow through the refrigerant liquid downflow pipe (25) to the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe (23),
Sprayed in the evaporator (2). In addition, a part of the alcohol that has accumulated together with the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant liquid reservoir (10A) is separated from the refrigerant liquid, and accumulates as a layer on the refrigerant liquid. A part of the refrigerant liquid discharged from the refrigerant liquid pump (24) flows through the supply pipe (27) to the refrigerant liquid tank (30), and the refrigerant liquid stored in the refrigerant liquid tank (30) is discharged from the weir (31). Over the supply pipe (28).
Then, the refrigerant liquid is supplied to the return pipe (26) and the return pipe (2
6) The liquid seal is kept.

When the absorption refrigerator is operated as described above, the amounts of the refrigerant liquid and the alcohol in the refrigerant liquid reservoir (10A) of the condenser (10) increase, and the alcohol layer reaches the connection portion of the return pipe (26). When it does, the alcohol flows through the return pipe (26). Then, when the liquid level of the alcohol stored in the return pipe (26) rises, the alcohol is drawn by the refrigerant liquid pump (24) together with the refrigerant liquid flowing through the supply pipe (28). Refrigerant liquid pump (24) drawn with refrigerant liquid pump (24) together with refrigerant liquid
Is discharged from the refrigerant sprayer (2A) to the evaporator heat exchanger (36A). The alcohol vaporized in the evaporator (2) is supplied to each of the absorbers (3) and (4).
And flows into the absorber heat exchangers (37A) and (38A).
A), Marangoni convection on the surface of (38A) is promoted. Thereafter, similarly, when the liquid level of the refrigerant liquid reservoir (10) rises and reaches the connection portion of the return pipe (26), the alcohol accumulated on the refrigerant liquid of the refrigerant liquid reservoir (10) returns to the return pipe ( After passing through 26) to the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe (23), the evaporator (2) together with the refrigerant liquid
Sprayed on.

According to the above embodiment, the refrigerant reservoir (10) of the condenser (10) is
The alcohol accumulated in A) flows to the return pipe (26) when the liquid level rises, and flows to the refrigerant circulation pipe (23) together with the refrigerant liquid flowing through the supply pipe (28). Then, the alcohol is discharged from the refrigerant liquid pump (24), dispersed in the evaporator (2) together with the refrigerant liquid, vaporized, flows into the absorbers (3) and (4), and is absorbed by the concentrated absorbent. For this reason, the coolant reservoir (10
It is possible to prevent a large amount of alcohol from accumulating in A), to prevent a decrease in the alcohol concentration in the absorbing solution, and to make each absorber (3),
The heat transfer performance in (4) can be prevented from lowering, and the operation of the absorption refrigerator can be stabilized. A part of the refrigerant liquid discharged from the refrigerant liquid pump (24) is supplied to the supply pipe (27),
The refrigerant flows into the return pipe (26) via the refrigerant liquid tank (30) and the supply pipe (28).
When no alcohol flows into 6), return pipe (26)
The liquid seal of the condenser (10)
It is possible to prevent the communication between the gaseous phase part and the evaporator (2).

Further, as shown by a broken line in the drawing, a refrigerant liquid supply pipe (35) is connected between the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe (23) and the return pipe (26) of the absorption refrigerator. As described above, when the refrigerant liquid supply pipe (35) is connected, a part of the refrigerant liquid discharged from the refrigerant liquid pump (24) returns through the supply pipe (35) during the operation of the absorption refrigerator. Flows into the pipe (26), and the alcohol or refrigerant liquid from the refrigerant reservoir (10A) of the condenser (10) returns to the return pipe (2).
Even when the gas does not flow into 6), the liquid seal of the return pipe (26) can be maintained, and as a result, communication between the gas phase portion of the condenser (10) and the evaporator (2) is avoided. Can be. Further, for example, an orifice or the like may be provided in the supply pipe (35) in order to adjust the amount of the refrigerant liquid flowing through the supply pipe (35).

Further, as shown by a dashed line in the drawing, a U-seal portion (36) is formed in the lower part of the return pipe (26) by bending the return pipe (26) upward and bending downward at a predetermined height. In this case, the alcohol or the refrigerant liquid flowing through the return pipe (26) accumulates in the U seal portion (36). For this reason, the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant reservoir (2B) of the evaporator (2) is greatly reduced, the refrigerant liquid discharge amount of the refrigerant liquid pump (24) is also largely reduced, and the supply pipe (3
When the supply amount of the refrigerant liquid from 5) to the return pipe (26) decreases, or when the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant reservoir (2B) runs out and the refrigerant liquid pump (24) stops discharging the refrigerant liquid, U
The liquid seal can be maintained by the seal portion (36), and the communication between the gas phase portion of the condenser (10) and the gas phase portion of the evaporator (2) can be reliably avoided.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment,
For example, in the absorption refrigerator in which the rare absorption liquid of the absorber flows in parallel to the high-temperature generator and the low-temperature generator, or in an absorption refrigerator in which a high-temperature generator equipped with a combustion device such as a gas burner is connected by piping, As shown in the above, the same effect can be obtained by connecting the return pipe of the alcohol or the supply pipe of the refrigerant liquid with the pipe. Also, as shown by the two-dot chain line in the drawing, the refrigerant liquid downflow pipe (25) is connected to the refrigerant liquid reservoir (2).
B) may be connected.

(G) Effect of the Invention The present invention is an absorption refrigerator configured as described above,
One end of a return pipe of a surfactant such as octyl alcohol is connected to the refrigerant reservoir provided in the condenser, and the other end of the return pipe is connected to the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe on the suction side of the refrigerant liquid pump,
In addition, since a supply line for the refrigerant liquid is connected between the return pipe and the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe on the discharge side of the refrigerant liquid pump, the refrigerant liquid is collected in the refrigerant liquid reservoir of the condenser during operation of the absorption refrigerator and separated from the refrigerant liquid. When the liquid level of the refrigerant reservoir rises, the surfactant having formed a layer on the refrigerant liquid flows through the return pipe to the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe,
The refrigerant stored in the refrigerant liquid reservoir can be discharged together with the refrigerant liquid from the refrigerant liquid pump and sprayed from the refrigerant sprayer of the evaporator to be absorbed by the absorbing liquid of the absorber, and the surfactant concentration of the absorbing liquid can be absorbed. Of the heat transfer performance of the absorber can be prevented. Also, a part of the refrigerant liquid discharged from the refrigerant liquid pump can flow to the return pipe via the supply pipe,
As a result, it is possible to maintain the liquid seal of the return pipe and to prevent the gas phase portion between the condenser and the evaporator from communicating with each other via the return pipe.

Also, by connecting a return pipe of the surfactant between the refrigerant reservoir of the condenser and the refrigerant circulation pipe on the suction side of the refrigerant liquid pump, the surfactant accumulated in the refrigerant reservoir of the condenser is returned. It can be sent to an evaporator through a pipe, a refrigerant liquid pump, and a refrigerant liquid circulation pipe, and the surfactant can be vaporized by the evaporator and absorbed by the absorbent in the absorber. As a result, the surfactant in the absorbent can be absorbed. It is possible to prevent a decrease in the concentration and avoid a decrease in the heat transfer performance in the absorber.

Furthermore, a surfactant return pipe is connected between the refrigerant liquid reservoir of the condenser and the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe on the suction side of the refrigerant liquid pump,
By forming a U-seal portion in the middle of the return pipe and connecting a supply pipe for the refrigerant liquid between the return pipe and the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe on the discharge side of the refrigerant liquid pump, the refrigerant liquid in the condenser is stored. Surfactant accumulated in the evaporator can be flowed to the evaporator via the return pipe, the refrigerant liquid pump, and the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe, vaporized by the evaporator, and absorbed by the absorbent in the absorber. It is possible to prevent a decrease in the surfactant concentration of the liquid and avoid a decrease in the heat transfer performance of the absorber. Also, a part of the refrigerant liquid discharged from the refrigerant liquid pump can flow to the return pipe to maintain the liquid seal of the return pipe, and when the discharge amount of the refrigerant liquid from the refrigerant liquid pump is significantly reduced, or When the discharge of is stopped, the liquid seal of the return pipe can be maintained at the U seal portion, and as a result, communication of the gas phase portion between the condenser and the evaporator can be reliably prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

The drawing is a circuit configuration diagram of an absorption refrigerator showing one embodiment of the present invention. (2) evaporator (2A) refrigerant sprayer (2B)
Refrigerant reservoir, (3), (4) ... absorber, (5) ... absorbent pump, (7) ... high temperature generator, (10) ... condenser, (10A) ... refrigerant reservoir , (22), (23) ... refrigerant liquid circulation pipe, (24) ... refrigerant liquid pump, (25) ... refrigerant liquid down pipe, (26) ... return pipe, (27), (28) ... ... supply tube, (35) ... supply tube, (36) ... U seal part.

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] An evaporator, an absorber, a generator, a condenser and the like are connected to each other by pipes to form a circulation path for a refrigerant and an absorbent to which a surfactant such as octyl alcohol is added. The refrigerant disperser provided at the upper part and the refrigerant liquid reservoir provided at the lower part of the evaporator are connected by a refrigerant liquid circulation pipe, and the discharge of the refrigerant liquid pump provided at the evaporator or the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe is performed. In the absorption refrigerator in which the side and the refrigerant reservoir provided at the lower part of the condenser are connected by a refrigerant downflow pipe, the position of the refrigerant above the position at which the refrigerant downflow pipe of the refrigerant reservoir of the condenser is connected A refrigerant return pipe connected to the suction side of the refrigerant liquid pump provided in the liquid circulation pipe is connected with a surfactant return pipe, and the refrigerant liquid is connected between the return pipe and the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe on the discharge side of the refrigerant liquid pump. An absorption refrigerator characterized by connecting a supply pipe of (1). 2. An evaporator, an absorber, a generator, a condenser, and the like are connected by pipes to form a circulation path between the refrigerant and an absorbent to which a surfactant such as octyl alcohol is added. The refrigerant liquid circulation pipe is connected to the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe, and a refrigerant liquid pump is provided in the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe, and the refrigerant liquid flow down pipe is provided between the refrigerant liquid reservoir provided in the condenser and the discharge side of the evaporator or the refrigerant liquid pump. The return pipe of the surfactant is connected between a position of the refrigerant reservoir of the condenser above the position where the refrigerant downflow pipe is connected and the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe on the suction side of the refrigerant liquid pump. Is connected to the absorption refrigerator. 3. An evaporator, an absorber, a generator, a condenser and the like are connected to each other by piping to form a circulation path between the refrigerant and an absorbent to which a surfactant such as octyl alcohol is added. The refrigerant liquid circulation pipe is connected to the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe, a refrigerant liquid pump is provided in the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe, and a refrigerant liquid flow down pipe is connected between the refrigerant liquid reservoir provided in the condenser and the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe or the evaporator. In the absorption refrigerator, the return pipe of the surfactant is provided between a position above the position where the refrigerant downflow pipe of the refrigerant reservoir of the condenser is connected and the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe on the suction side of the refrigerant liquid pump. Connected, forming a U-seal part in the middle of the return pipe, and connecting a refrigerant liquid supply pipe between the return pipe upstream of the U-seal part and the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe on the discharge side of the refrigerant liquid pump. An absorption refrigerator.