JP2555466Y2 - Crystallization prevention system for double effect absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

The present invention relates to a double effect absorption refrigeration system in which the inside is evacuated and an aqueous lithium bromide solution containing, for example, water as a refrigerant and lithium bromide as an absorbent is enclosed. The present invention relates to a crystallization prevention system for a machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As this type of double effect absorption refrigerator, a refrigerator shown in FIG. 5 has been widely known. In FIG. 5, a conventional double effect absorption refrigerator uses a lithium bromide aqueous solution of water as a refrigerant and lithium bromide as an absorbent, and has a low concentration by a heating burner (1). A high-temperature regenerator (2) that heats the aqueous solution of lithium bromide, a separator (3) that separates the high-temperature, medium-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution sent from the high-temperature regenerator (2) and water vapor (gaseous refrigerant),
The low-temperature regenerator (4), which heats the medium-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution sent from the separator (3) with water vapor also sent from the separator (3) to obtain a high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution,
A condenser (5) for cooling and condensing water vapor passed through the low-temperature regenerator (4), an evaporator (6) for evaporating water (liquid refrigerant) obtained in the condenser (5), an evaporator (6) Water vapor generated in
Absorber (7), which absorbs and dilutes with high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution sent from low-temperature regenerator (4) to obtain low-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution, from absorber (7) to high-temperature regenerator (2) A low-temperature heat exchanger (8) that exchanges heat between the low-concentration aqueous lithium bromide solution sent and the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution sent from the low-temperature regenerator (4) to the absorber (7), and the low-temperature heat exchanger ( 8) A high-temperature heat exchanger (9) that exchanges heat between the low-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution that has passed through and the medium-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution sent from the separator (3) to the low-temperature regenerator (4) .

[0003] The low-temperature regenerator (4) and the condenser (5) are provided together on one cylinder via a partition. Low temperature regenerator (4)
Is equipped with a heater (11) inside the body, and the steam obtained by the separator (3) is fed into one end of the heater (11),
The steam passing through (11) is sent to the condenser (5). An aqueous solution tank (10) is provided on the outer surface of the side wall of the body of the low-temperature regenerator (4), and communicates with the inside of the low-temperature regenerator (4) through a communication port (20) formed in the side wall of the body. Have been. And low-temperature regenerator (4) and low-temperature heat exchanger (8)
The upper end of the conduit (21) for communicating with is connected to the tank (10). The condenser (5) is provided with a cooling water flow pipe (12) in the body, and the cooling water flowing in the cooling water flow pipe (12) is used to cool the steam generated in the low-temperature regenerator (4) and the heater. (11)
The water vapor sent from is cooled and condensed and liquefied.

[0004] The evaporator (6) and the absorber (7) are provided together in one body via a partition. Evaporator (6)
Has a water sprinkling device (13) and a water flow pipe (14) (heat transfer pipe) in the body. Then, the water sent from the condenser (5) is sprayed to the water distribution pipe (14) by the watering device (13). The sprayed water removes heat of vaporization from the water flowing through the water flow pipe (14) and evaporates to cool the water, thereby producing cold water. The produced cold water is provided for cooling. Also evaporator
In (6), the water flowing down without evaporating and accumulating at the bottom is
The lower end of the evaporator (6) is again sent to the water sprinkler (13) by the water circulation pump (15) via the water circulation pipe (16).

The absorber (7) has an aqueous solution spraying device (17)
And a cooling water flow pipe (18). And low temperature regenerator
The high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution sent from (4) through the low-temperature heat exchanger (8) is sprayed on the cooling water flow pipe (18) by the aqueous solution spraying device (17) to form a liquid film on the surface. The liquid film is cooled by cooling water flowing through the flow pipe (18) and absorbs water vapor to obtain a low-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution. The low-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution thus obtained is
The aqueous solution circulation pump (19) sends the water from the absorber (7) to the high-temperature regenerator (2) through the low-temperature heat exchanger (8) and the high-temperature heat exchanger (9). Then, it is sent to the low-temperature regenerator (4), concentrated, and returned to the absorber (7) through the low-temperature heat exchanger (8). The cooling water passing through the cooling water flow pipe (18) is supplied to the condenser (5).
To the cooling water flow pipe (12).

[0006] In the above, during the production of cold water, the concentration of the aqueous solution of lithium bromide is 64 to 65 wt% at the highest concentration,
It becomes 57-58 wt% in the thinnest part. As a result, the temperature of the aqueous lithium bromide solution drops, for example, to a concentration of 64-6.
The aqueous solution temperature of the 5 wt% portion is 37-42 ° C and the concentration is 6
When the temperature of the aqueous solution of the 0 wt% portion reaches 18 ° C., crystals of lithium bromide are crystallized. Therefore, in order to prevent such crystallization of lithium bromide crystals, the dilution operation is performed even after the heating burner (1) of the high-temperature regenerator (2) is stopped, and the water circulation pump (15) And aqueous solution circulation pump
(19) continues to operate, and in the absorber (7), the aqueous solution of lithium bromide absorbs water vapor to reduce the concentration of the aqueous solution.

However, when a large amount of non-condensable gas is generated due to the reaction between the lithium bromide aqueous solution and the metal, and gathers around the cooling water flow pipe (18) of the absorber (7), the absorbing action deteriorates. Both pumps (15) (1
9) will stop. As a result, for example, when cooling needs to be performed even when the outside air temperature is low, lithium bromide crystals are crystallized in the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution flow path of the low-temperature heat exchanger (8) where the aqueous solution concentration is highest. However, there is a problem that cold water cannot be obtained when the operation is restarted.

Therefore, conventionally, in order to solve such a problem, the double effect absorption refrigerator has the following crystallization preventing system. Between the low-temperature regenerator (4) and the absorber (7), when the level of the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution in the low-temperature regenerator (4) rises, the high-temperature aqueous solution in the low-temperature regenerator (4) increases. An overflow pipe (22) (overflow channel) for overflowing the water to the absorber (7) is provided.
The end of the overflow pipe (22) on the absorber (7) side is connected to a high-temperature aqueous solution inlet (23) formed on the side wall of the body of the absorber (7). The high-temperature, high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution sent from the low-temperature regenerator (4) by the overflow pipe (22) is passed through the cooling water flow pipe (18) of the absorber (7) to the inner surface of the side wall of the body of the absorber (7). ) Is provided with a cover (24) that flows down along the side wall without touching.

When crystals of lithium bromide as an absorbent crystallize in the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution flow path of the low-temperature heat exchanger (8), the flow path is clogged. )
The liquid level of the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution in the tank rises, and as a result, the high-temperature aqueous solution in the low-temperature regenerator (4) overflows, passes through the overflow pipe (22), and enters the high-temperature aqueous solution inlet (23).
Then, it flows into the absorber (7), flows down along the side wall without touching the cooling water flow pipe (18), and flows into the low concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution flow path of the low temperature heat exchanger (8). Therefore,
The heat of the high-temperature aqueous solution flowing into the low-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution flow path is transmitted to the lithium bromide crystals in the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution flow path, and the heat dissolves the lithium bromide crystals. To prevent crystallization of lithium bromide crystals in the overflow pipe (22), an absorber
(7) The low concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution in the overflow tube
A branch pipe (25) for feeding into (22) is provided.

[0010]

[Problems to be solved by the invention] However, lithium bromide is not only contained in the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution channel of the low-temperature heat exchanger (8) but also in the low-temperature regenerator (4) and the low-temperature heat exchanger.
Crystals may also be formed in the conduit (21) for communicating with the low-temperature heat exchanger (8) and the conduit (26) for communicating with the low-temperature heat exchanger (8) and the aqueous solution spraying device (17). The same problem as in the case where the crystal of lithium bromide is crystallized in the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution flow path of (2) occurs. And, since the crystal cannot be dissolved by the conventional apparatus, when lithium bromide is crystallized in these conduits (21) and (26),
It is necessary to heat the outside of the conduits (21) and (26) with a burner or the like, thereby dissolving the lithium bromide crystals, and there is a problem that the operation is troublesome.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problem.
An object of the present invention is to provide a crystallization prevention system for a heavy-effect absorption refrigerator.

[0012]

The crystallization prevention system of the double effect absorption refrigerator according to the present invention utilizes an aqueous solution of an absorbent and water as a refrigerant, and comprises a high-temperature regenerator, a low-temperature regenerator, A condenser, an evaporator, an absorber having a cooling water distribution pipe and a spraying device for spraying an aqueous solution of the absorbent on the cooling water distribution pipe,
When the crystal of the absorbent crystallizes in the low-temperature heat exchanger, high-temperature heat exchanger, and low-temperature heat exchanger, and the liquid level in the low-temperature regenerator rises, the high-temperature aqueous solution in the low-temperature regenerator overflows to absorb the absorber. And a means for allowing the high-temperature aqueous solution sent from the low-temperature regenerator to flow down through the overflow flow path without contacting the cooling water flow pipe of the absorber. In the crystallization prevention system, the heat of the high-temperature aqueous solution flowing in the overflow channel is transmitted to the conduit for sending the aqueous solution from the low-temperature regenerator to the aqueous solution spraying device of the absorber via the low-temperature heat exchanger. It is.

[0013] In the crystallization prevention system of the double effect absorption refrigerator described above, the overflow flow path may surround a conduit for sending the aqueous solution from the low temperature regenerator through the low temperature heat exchanger to the aqueous solution spraying device of the absorber. In some cases.

Further, in the crystallization prevention system of the double effect absorption refrigerator, the overflow channel and the conduit for sending the aqueous solution from the low-temperature regenerator through the low-temperature heat exchanger to the aqueous solution spraying device of the absorber. A heat transfer plate may be provided.

[0015]

When the heat of the high-temperature aqueous solution flowing in the overflow passage is transmitted from the low-temperature regenerator to the conduit for sending the aqueous solution through the low-temperature heat exchanger to the aqueous solution dispersing device of the absorber, the above-mentioned conduit will When the crystals of the absorbent are crystallized by the above, the crystals are melted by the heat of the high-temperature aqueous solution flowing in the overflow channel.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same components and portions as those shown in FIG.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, each conduit (21) (26)
The first and second two jacket tubes (30) and (31) are arranged so as to surround the periphery of the first tube. Also, aqueous solution tank
In (10), an outflow pipe (32) is provided, the lower end of which is open to the lower surface of the tank (10), and through which the aqueous solution in the tank (10) flows out when the liquid level in the tank (10) rises. Have been. The end of the first jacket pipe (30) surrounding the one conduit (21) on the low temperature regenerator (4) side and the outflow pipe (32) are connected to an aqueous solution tank.
It communicates via an outlet chamber (33) provided on the lower surface of (10). The end of the first jacket tube (30) on the low-temperature heat exchanger (8) side is connected to a first intermediate chamber (34) provided on the outer surface of the low-temperature heat exchanger (8). The end of the second jacket tube (31) surrounding the other conduit (26) on the low-temperature heat exchanger (8) side is a second intermediate tube provided on the outer surface of the low-temperature heat exchanger (8). Absorber connected to chamber (35)
The end on the (7) side is a high temperature aqueous solution inlet on the side of the body of the absorber (7).
It is connected to an inlet chamber (36) provided so as to surround (23). Two intermediate chambers on the outer surface of the low temperature heat exchanger (8)
(34) and (35) are communicated with each other by a communication pipe (37). Then, the outflow pipe (32), the outlet chamber (33), the first jacket pipe (30), the first intermediate chamber (34), the communication pipe (3
7), second intermediate chamber (35), second jacket tube (31)
When the liquid level in the low-temperature regenerator (4) rises due to the inlet chamber (36), the overflow channel (38) that overflows the high-temperature aqueous solution in the low-temperature regenerator (4) and sends it to the absorber (7). ) Is formed.

In such a configuration, the low-temperature heat exchanger
When crystals of lithium bromide crystallize in the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution channel of (8), the liquid level of the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution in the low-temperature regenerator (4) is reduced due to clogging of the channel. Rise,
As a result, the high-temperature aqueous solution in the low-temperature regenerator (4) overflows, flows into the absorber (7) from the high-temperature aqueous solution inlet (23) through the overflow channel (38), and is actuated by the cover (24). It flows down along the side wall without touching the cooling water flow pipe (18) and flows into the low concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution flow path of the low temperature heat exchanger (8). Therefore, the heat of the high-temperature aqueous solution flowing into the low-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution channel heats and melts the crystals of lithium bromide crystallized in the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution channel. In addition, each conduit (21) (2
Even if lithium bromide crystals are crystallized in 6), the conduit (21) is not removed while the high-temperature aqueous solution flows through each jacket tube (30) (31).
The inside of (26) is heated, and the crystals of lithium bromide crystallized in the conduits (21) and (26) are dissolved.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show another embodiment of the present invention. 3 and 4, the overflow pipe (22) is adapted to be in contact with each of the conduits (21) and (26).
Further, heat transfer plate (40) is arranged over the overflow pipe (22) in each conduit (21) (26), the overflow tube (22) Oyo
And are fixed to the conduits (21) and (26). Then, the overflow pipe (22), the conduits (21) (26) and the heat transfer plate (40) are made of heat insulating material (4).
It is covered with 1).

In such a configuration, the low-temperature heat exchanger
When crystals of lithium bromide crystallize in the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution channel of (8), the liquid level of the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution in the low-temperature regenerator (4) is reduced due to clogging of the channel. Rise,
As a result, the high-temperature aqueous solution in the low-temperature regenerator (4) overflows and passes through the overflow pipe (22) to enter the high-temperature aqueous solution inlet.
(23) flows into the absorber (7), flows down along the side wall without touching the cooling water flow pipe (18) by the action of the cover (24), and the low-concentration odor of the low-temperature heat exchanger (8) It flows into the lithium chloride aqueous solution flow path. Therefore, the heat of the high-temperature aqueous solution flowing into the low-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution channel heats and melts the crystals of lithium bromide crystallized in the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution channel. In addition, each conduit (21) (26)
Even if lithium bromide crystals are crystallized in the inside, while the high-temperature aqueous solution flows through the overflow pipe (22), the heat of the high-temperature lithium bromide aqueous solution passes through the heat transfer plate (40) through the conduit (21).
(26), and the heat dissolves the crystal of lithium bromide crystallized in the conduits (21) and (26).

[0021]

According to the crystallization prevention system of the double effect absorption refrigerator of the invention, as described above, the conduit for sending the aqueous solution from the low temperature regenerator to the aqueous solution spraying device of the absorber via the low temperature heat exchanger. Even when crystals of the absorbent are crystallized in the inside, the crystals are dissolved by the heat of the high-temperature aqueous solution flowing in the overflow channel. Therefore, it is not necessary to heat the conduit from the outside with a burner or the like as in the related art.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view specifically showing a part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view specifically showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 High temperature regenerator 4 Low temperature regenerator 5 Condenser 6 Evaporator 7 Absorber 8 Low temperature heat exchanger 9 High temperature heat exchanger 17 Aqueous solution spraying device 18 Cooling water flow pipe 21 Pipe 22 Overflow pipe 26 Pipe 38 Overflow channel 40 Heat transfer Board

Claims (3)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A high-temperature regenerator, a low-temperature regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, and an aqueous solution of an absorbent and water as a refrigerant are used.
Absorber having a cooling water flow pipe and a spraying device for spraying an aqueous solution of the absorbent into the cooling water flow pipe, low-temperature heat exchanger, high-temperature heat exchanger, and crystals of the absorbent crystallize in the low-temperature heat exchanger to regenerate at low temperature. When the liquid level in the vessel rises, an overflow channel for overflowing the high-temperature aqueous solution in the low-temperature regenerator and sending it to the absorber, and the high-temperature aqueous solution sent from the low-temperature regenerator by the overflow channel to the absorber. In a crystallization prevention system for a double effect absorption refrigerator having a means for flowing down without contacting a cooling water flow pipe, the heat of the high temperature aqueous solution flowing in the overflow flow path is used to remove the aqueous solution from the low temperature regenerator. A crystallization prevention system for a double effect absorption chiller that is communicated to a conduit that passes through a low temperature heat exchanger to an aqueous solution sprayer of an absorber. 2. The double effect according to claim 1, wherein the overflow channel is provided so as to surround a conduit for sending the aqueous solution from the low-temperature regenerator through the low-temperature heat exchanger to the aqueous solution spraying device of the absorber. Crystallization prevention system for absorption refrigerators. 3. A double heat transfer plate according to claim 1, wherein a heat transfer plate is provided between the overflow passage and a conduit for sending the aqueous solution from the low-temperature regenerator through the low-temperature heat exchanger to the aqueous solution spraying device of the absorber. Crystallization prevention system for utility absorption refrigerator.