ITVI20090090A1 - CONVERSION PROCEDURE OF THE CHICKEN IN SOLID FUEL WITH SEPARATION OF ORGANIC FLUID MIXTURE. - Google Patents
CONVERSION PROCEDURE OF THE CHICKEN IN SOLID FUEL WITH SEPARATION OF ORGANIC FLUID MIXTURE. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ITVI20090090A1 ITVI20090090A1 IT000090A ITVI20090090A ITVI20090090A1 IT VI20090090 A1 ITVI20090090 A1 IT VI20090090A1 IT 000090 A IT000090 A IT 000090A IT VI20090090 A ITVI20090090 A IT VI20090090A IT VI20090090 A1 ITVI20090090 A1 IT VI20090090A1
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- separation
- manure
- biomass
- water
- organic fluid
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 claims 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical group N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000374 eutectic mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002240 furans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/42—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on animal substances or products obtained therefrom, e.g. manure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
Description
DESCRIZIONE dell'invenzione avente per titolo: DESCRIPTION of the invention having as title:
"PROCEDIMENTO DI CONVERSIONE DELLA POLLINA IN "PROCEDURE FOR CONVERSION OF POLLINA IN
SOLIDO CON SEPARAZIONE DI UNA MISCELA FLUIDA ORGANICA” SOLID WITH SEPARATION OF AN ORGANIC FLUID MIX "
Oggetto della presente invenzione è un procedimento di trattamento termico eseguito in modo continuo o discontinuo (per cariche) in un reattore (1 ), sotto vuoto, con temperature di processo tra i 250°C e i 400°C , con vaporizzazione dell'umidità naturale della stessa pollina e/o alimentazione di vapore da un generatore esterno (2), avente il vapore funzione di trasportare le molecole organiche vaporizzate per effetto della temperatura e derivale dalla decomposizione termica. The object of the present invention is a heat treatment process carried out continuously or discontinuously (by batches) in a reactor (1), under vacuum, with process temperatures between 250 ° C and 400 ° C, with vaporization of natural humidity of the same manure and / or steam supply from an external generator (2), having the function of transporting the organic molecules vaporized due to the effect of temperature and deriving from thermal decomposition.
La temperatura di volatilizzazione e decomposizione viene ottenuta mediante riscaldamento a temperatura controllata della superficie esterna del reattore, utilizzando un vettore termico idoneo, proveniente da un generatore (6), quale l' olio diatermico o meglio una miscela eutettica di sali fusi aventi una temperatura di fusione a partire da 135°C e utilizzabili fino ad una massimo di 480 °C. The volatilization and decomposition temperature is obtained by heating the external surface of the reactor at a controlled temperature, using a suitable thermal vector, coming from a generator (6), such as diathermic oil or better a eutectic mixture of molten salts having a temperature of melting from 135 ° C and usable up to a maximum of 480 ° C.
Il ciclo di trattamento dei materiale per il processo continuo prevede un tempo di ritenzione della pollina (o della biomassa similare) idoneo al raggiungimento della temperatura obiettivo di non meno di 60 minuti primi, con permanenza in temperatura per un tempo non inferiore a 30 minuti primi. Analogamente un ciclo discontinuo si attua con un tempo di riscaldo di 60/120 minuti primi, secondo la massa caricata, e una permanenza in temperatura non inferiore a 30 minuti primi, seguito da raffreddamento naturale o per mezzo di una corrente dì vapore a bassa temperatura ( 80÷120° C}, per accelerarne lo scarico in condizioni atmosferiche . The material treatment cycle for the continuous process foresees a retention time of the manure (or similar biomass) suitable for reaching the target temperature of not less than 60 minutes, with temperature permanence for a time of not less than 30 minutes. . Similarly, a discontinuous cycle takes place with a heating time of 60/120 minutes, according to the loaded mass, and a temperature permanence of not less than 30 minutes, followed by natural cooling or by means of a stream of steam at low temperature. (80 ÷ 120 ° C}, to accelerate the discharge in atmospheric conditions.
Diversamente dai processi di pirolisi o gassificazione, che possono essere egualmente controllali nel processo di riscaldo onde orientare e determinare il tipo di gas prodotto e generalmente con riscaldo diretto con bruciatore e/o a spese di una combustione di parte della materia prima utilizzata, il processo di cracking realizzato in corrente di vapore sotto vuoto evita le ossidazioni e il realizzarsi di catrami, avendo il vapore una funzione diluente inibente i processi di ristrutturazione molecolare via carbo catione e/o radicalica in fase di gas e consentendo il rapido trasporto delle molecole evaporate o ottenute dalla dissociazione fuori del reattore e condensate con condensatori (3) a miscela o a superficie. Unlike pyrolysis or gasification processes, which can be equally controlled in the heating process in order to orient and determine the type of gas produced and generally with direct heating with the burner and / or at the expense of a combustion of part of the raw material used, the process of cracking carried out in a steam current under vacuum avoids oxidation and the creation of tars, since the steam has a diluent function that inhibits the molecular restructuring processes via carbo cation and / or radicals in the gas phase and allows the rapid transport of the evaporated or obtained molecules from dissociation outside the reactor and condensed with mixture or surface condensers (3).
La condensazione del vapore unitamente alle molecole volatili inibisce la formazione dì incrostazioni sugli scambiatori di raffreddamento e condensazione, oltre alla inibizione di reazioni indesiderate di condensazione tra molecole diverse. The condensation of the vapor together with the volatile molecules inhibits the formation of encrustations on the cooling and condensation exchangers, as well as the inhibition of undesired condensation reactions between different molecules.
Le molecole organiche separate nel corso del ciclo di trattamento, che si presentano con pesi molecolari diversi e strutture chimiche con gruppi funzionali diversi e condensate unitamente all'acqua, sono facilmente separabili dall’acqua stessa con processi di evaporazione e strippaggio, io un evaporatore (4), ottenendo un olio e un distillato avente un TOC inferiore a 5,000 mg/l e azoto ammoniacale inferiore a 1500 mg/l e assenza di elementi quali cloro, zolfo in misura superiore a 10 mg/l L’olio separato, nel caso della pollina, contiene dal 7 al 10% di Azoto nelle diverse forme ammoniacali e amminiche e azoto negli stati di ossidazione superiori, contenenti ossigeno in concentrazione inferiore a 1000 mg/kg. The organic molecules separated during the treatment cycle, which have different molecular weights and chemical structures with different functional groups and condensed together with water, are easily separable from the water itself with evaporation and stripping processes, i an evaporator ( 4), obtaining an oil and a distillate having a TOC lower than 5,000 mg / l and ammonia nitrogen lower than 1500 mg / l and absence of elements such as chlorine, sulfur in excess of 10 mg / l The separated oil, in the case of manure , contains from 7 to 10% of nitrogen in the various ammonia and amino forms and nitrogen in the higher oxidation states, containing oxygen in a concentration lower than 1000 mg / kg.
L’olio ottenuto ha caratteristiche di elevata biodegradabilità tanto da poter essere alimentato negli impianti di biogas nella misura possibile dal bilancio di alimento del sistema accettore. The oil obtained has high biodegradability characteristics so that it can be fed into biogas plants to the extent possible from the feed balance of the acceptor system.
Né nella fase carbonizzata, né nell’olio, né nel condensato acquoso si sono rilevate presenze di diossine o furani . Neither in the carbonized phase, nor in the oil, nor in the aqueous condensate were there any presence of dioxins or furans.
Il processo consente l' ottenimento di tre flussi ben caratterizzati: acqua, una miscela fluida organica, definita impropriamente olio, e carbone, idonei ad essere scaricati, stoccati e trasportati cor una propria composizione con caratteristiche tali da essere considerati non più un rifiuto ma materie prime secondarie o derivate da biomasse, I l carbone inoltre non presenta alcun odore sensibile e, data la sua stabilità chimica, può essere insilato per alimentare cicli di combustione con assenza di produzione di NOxe presenta una analisi tipica del carbone di legna. The process allows to obtain three well-characterized flows: water, an organic fluid mixture, improperly defined as oil, and coal, suitable to be unloaded, stored and transported in their own composition with characteristics such as to be considered no longer waste but materials. furthermore, coal has no sensible odor and, given its chemical stability, it can be ensiled to feed combustion cycles with no NOx production and presents a typical analysis of charcoal.
DESCRIZIONE DELL'IMPIANTO SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
L’impianto è costituito da un reattore (1 ). generalmente ad asse orizzontale o sub orizzontale, alimentato sotto vuoto a mezzo di cantere sezionate da valvole, con prevuoto tra alimentazioni successive e continue, mentre nel caso di cariche discontinue il vuoto viene applicato al completamento della carica. The plant consists of a reactor (1). generally with a horizontal or sub-horizontal axis, fed under vacuum by means of tubes sectioned by valves, with pre-vacuum between successive and continuous feeds, while in the case of discontinuous charges the vacuum is applied upon completion of the charge.
Un agitatore con asse palettate provoca la miscelazione e l'avanzamento del materiale dalla bocca di ingresso verso la bocca di uscita con velocità variabile, secondo la natura del prodotto e la sua umidità. A stirrer with a bladed axis causes the mixing and advancement of the material from the inlet to the outlet with variable speed, according to the nature of the product and its humidity.
Vapore viene iniettato al bisogno sul lato di alimento da un generatore di vapore (2) e estratto verso lo scarico con le sostanze volatizzate passando attraverso un condensatore (3) e quindi al sistema del vuoto (5) avente un effetto di scru degli Nella camera esterna al reattore viene alimentato il fluido diatermico di riscaldo, proveniente da un generatore (6), tipicamente miscela di sali eutettici nel campo da 135 a 480° C riscaldati con i tradizionali sistemi quali energia elettrica, gas caldi da combustione, combustione dello stesso carbone prodotto; la generazione di sali eutettici si accompagna anche alla produzione del vapore di trasporto. Steam is injected as needed on the feed side by a steam generator (2) and extracted towards the discharge with the volatized substances passing through a condenser (3) and then to the vacuum system (5) having a scrubbing effect in the chamber. the diathermic heating fluid, coming from a generator (6), is fed outside the reactor, typically a mixture of eutectic salts in the range from 135 to 480 ° C heated with traditional systems such as electricity, hot combustion gases, combustion of the same coal product; the generation of eutectic salts is also accompanied by the production of transport steam.
La miscela aequa/olio viene separata con le tecniche evaporative tradizionali io un evaporatore 14), con separazione dell'olio e rinvio dell’acqua in esubero al trattamento acque convenzionale di fermentazione biologica aerobica/anaerobica o al riciclo parziale per la generazione di vapore. The aequa / oil mixture is separated with traditional evaporative techniques or an evaporator 14), with separation of the oil and return of the excess water to conventional water treatment of aerobic / anaerobic biological fermentation or to partial recycling for the generation of steam.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT000090A ITVI20090090A1 (en) | 2009-04-24 | 2009-04-24 | CONVERSION PROCEDURE OF THE CHICKEN IN SOLID FUEL WITH SEPARATION OF ORGANIC FLUID MIXTURE. |
| PCT/IB2010/051792 WO2010122525A1 (en) | 2009-04-24 | 2010-04-23 | Process for converting biomass to solid fuel |
| EP10727858A EP2421943A1 (en) | 2009-04-24 | 2010-04-23 | Process for converting biomass to solid fuel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT000090A ITVI20090090A1 (en) | 2009-04-24 | 2009-04-24 | CONVERSION PROCEDURE OF THE CHICKEN IN SOLID FUEL WITH SEPARATION OF ORGANIC FLUID MIXTURE. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ITVI20090090A1 true ITVI20090090A1 (en) | 2010-10-25 |
Family
ID=41393634
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT000090A ITVI20090090A1 (en) | 2009-04-24 | 2009-04-24 | CONVERSION PROCEDURE OF THE CHICKEN IN SOLID FUEL WITH SEPARATION OF ORGANIC FLUID MIXTURE. |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2421943A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | ITVI20090090A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010122525A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10160911B2 (en) | 2012-02-16 | 2018-12-25 | Biochar Now, Llc | Exhaust system for a biochar kiln |
| US10385274B2 (en) | 2016-04-03 | 2019-08-20 | Biochar Now, Llc | Portable biochar kiln |
| US10751885B2 (en) | 2012-02-16 | 2020-08-25 | Biochar Now, Llc | Gripper assembly for portable biochar kiln |
| WO2013123096A1 (en) | 2012-02-16 | 2013-08-22 | Biochar Now, Llc | Controlled kiln and manufacturing system for biochar production |
| WO2013123529A1 (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2013-08-22 | Biochar Now, Llc | Airflow control and heat recovery in a managed kiln |
| US11135728B2 (en) | 2012-02-16 | 2021-10-05 | Biochar Now, Llc | Lid assembly for portable biochar kiln |
| US9752078B2 (en) | 2012-03-11 | 2017-09-05 | Biochar Now, Llc | Airflow control and heat recovery in a managed kiln |
| WO2016126601A1 (en) | 2015-02-06 | 2016-08-11 | Biocharnow, Llc | Contaminant removal from water bodies with biochar |
| WO2017007798A1 (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2017-01-12 | Worcester Polytechnic Instiitute | Molten salt pyrolysis for bio-oil and chemicals |
| ITUB20156081A1 (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2017-06-02 | Res Reliable Environmental Solutions Soc Cooperativa | METHOD TO OBTAIN PELLETS FROM ANIMAL AND / OR VEGETABLE MATERIALS AND PELLETS SO OBTAINED |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1398230A (en) * | 1972-07-05 | 1975-06-18 | Univ California | Method of heat treating excreta and products thereof |
| US4026037A (en) * | 1975-02-18 | 1977-05-31 | Adolf Buchholz | Apparatus for steam drying |
| DD143467A1 (en) * | 1979-05-04 | 1980-08-20 | Berthold Zobel | PROCESS FOR THE ECO-FRIENDLY DRYING OF GUELLE |
| DE3603317A1 (en) * | 1986-02-04 | 1987-08-06 | Wilfried Moesing | Method of drying natural fertilisers and agricultural products, drying in a heated vacuum chamber after previous thickening and pressing |
| NL8902932A (en) * | 1989-11-28 | 1991-06-17 | Drese Jan Theo | Evapn. of liq. manure or sepd. aq. fraction - with preceding removal of volatile components by stripping with air or steam |
| DE9107080U1 (en) * | 1991-06-08 | 1992-10-01 | Südfleisch GmbH, 8000 München | Device for disposal of biomass with high water content |
| JPH10121074A (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 1998-05-12 | Shuzo Nakazono | Method for converting animal dung into fuel |
| US20030042198A1 (en) * | 2001-08-30 | 2003-03-06 | Rodney Raeyes | Method for animal excreta processing |
-
2009
- 2009-04-24 IT IT000090A patent/ITVI20090090A1/en unknown
-
2010
- 2010-04-23 WO PCT/IB2010/051792 patent/WO2010122525A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-04-23 EP EP10727858A patent/EP2421943A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1398230A (en) * | 1972-07-05 | 1975-06-18 | Univ California | Method of heat treating excreta and products thereof |
| US4026037A (en) * | 1975-02-18 | 1977-05-31 | Adolf Buchholz | Apparatus for steam drying |
| DD143467A1 (en) * | 1979-05-04 | 1980-08-20 | Berthold Zobel | PROCESS FOR THE ECO-FRIENDLY DRYING OF GUELLE |
| DE3603317A1 (en) * | 1986-02-04 | 1987-08-06 | Wilfried Moesing | Method of drying natural fertilisers and agricultural products, drying in a heated vacuum chamber after previous thickening and pressing |
| NL8902932A (en) * | 1989-11-28 | 1991-06-17 | Drese Jan Theo | Evapn. of liq. manure or sepd. aq. fraction - with preceding removal of volatile components by stripping with air or steam |
| DE9107080U1 (en) * | 1991-06-08 | 1992-10-01 | Südfleisch GmbH, 8000 München | Device for disposal of biomass with high water content |
| JPH10121074A (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 1998-05-12 | Shuzo Nakazono | Method for converting animal dung into fuel |
| US20030042198A1 (en) * | 2001-08-30 | 2003-03-06 | Rodney Raeyes | Method for animal excreta processing |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| CAROLYN J. ROOS: "Biomass Drying and Dewatering for Clean Heat & Power", September 2008 (2008-09-01), XP002559803, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.chpcenternw.org/NwChpDocs/BiomassDryingAndDewateringForCleanHeatAndPower.pdf> [retrieved on 20091209] * |
| DATABASE WPI Week 199127, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1991-199080, XP002559806 * |
| GEA BARR-ROSIN: "Superheated Steam Dryer and Processor", 22 March 2006 (2006-03-22), XP002559804, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://web.archive.org/web/20060322052200/http://www.barr-rosin.com/english/pdf/super_heated_steam_dryer_processor.pdf> [retrieved on 20091209] * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2010122525A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
| EP2421943A1 (en) | 2012-02-29 |
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