ITMO20080139A1 - OVEN FOR INDUSTRIAL COOKING OF FOOD, PARTICULARLY BREAD, PIZZAS OR SIMILAR. - Google Patents

Description

Description of Patent for Industrial Invention entitled:

“OVEN FOR THE INDUSTRIAL COOKING OF FOOD, ESPECIALLY BREAD, PIZZAS OR SIMILAR”.

DESCRIPTION

The present invention relates to an oven for the industrial cooking of food, particularly bread, pizzas or the like.

Numerous types of ovens dedicated to cooking food are known.

In particular, in the industrial production of pizzas and / or bread, mostly distributed in the frozen state after pre-cooking, ovens generally consisting of a heated tunnel inside which the pizzas are made to advance on a system of conveyor belts are used.

The architecture of traditional ovens can be of different types depending on the type of heating and cooking system used: wood, methane gas, or combined, that is, which involves the simultaneous combustion of wood and natural gas.

In almost all known ovens, however, a combustion chamber is provided inside which the combustible substances are burned and the hot combustion fumes are formed which, subsequently, are directed inside the tunnel in which the pizzas advance. to heat and cook.

Once the pizzas have been touched, the hot fumes come out of the oven through a series of chimneys arranged at the top of the tunnel and near the food support surface defined by the upper forward section of the conveyor belt.

In particular, tunnel ovens are known which provide automated means for feeding wood into the combustion chamber for feeding pre-defined doses of the same fuel when a minimum threshold temperature is reached in the combustion chamber and / or in said chamber. of cooking.

In particular, the operator places the piece of wood to be fed on these automated feeding means, which upon request, dictated by the thermal drop detected in the combustion and / or cooking chamber, bring the piece of wood inside the chamber. combustion itself.

These known ovens are not free from drawbacks, including the fact that the feeding of the wood through the feeding means requires the intervention of the operator who has to place the piece of wood on these feeding means and, therefore , must be present whenever it is necessary to raise the flame.

It should also be emphasized that the organoleptic characteristics of pizzas and / or bread obtained from cooking with fuel gas ovens are considered by connoisseurs to be of lower quality than those of pizzas cooked in wood ovens.

On the other hand, it must be borne in mind that wood-fired ovens are more complex from a structural and architectural point of view than gas ones; in fact, while the gas combustion is carried out by means of a conventional electronically controlled burner, the combustion in wood-fired ovens requires the presence of combustion air intake ducts and access doors to the combustion chamber, through which the pieces of wood they are entered manually by an operator. Furthermore, we must not overlook the fact that the manual or partially automated introduction of wood involves the risk that the operator may come into contact with the fire and is more expensive in terms of manpower and involves non-negligible costs both in the production and installation for both their management and maintenance.

The aim of the present invention is to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks of the known art by providing an oven for the industrial cooking of food, particularly bread, pizzas or the like, which allows to optimize the automated phases of feeding the fuel into the combustion chamber by reducing to minimal intervention by the operators.

In the context of this technical task, another object of the present invention is to allow, at the same time, the production of foods with high organoleptic characteristics and ensure a good autonomy of the oven for industrial use.

Another object of the present invention is to be particularly convenient from an economic point of view, allowing to greatly reduce the production, installation, management and labor costs with respect to traditional ovens.

Furthermore, another object of the oven according to the invention is to ensure high stability and regularity of the temperature inside the cooking chamber, a fact which leads to a high cooking quality of the food and at the same time a reduction in fuel costs and consumption.

Not least object of the present invention is to be able to operate in conditions of maximum safety for the safety of the personnel operating in the vicinity, reducing their maintenance and programming costs. A further object of the present invention is to present a simple structure, relatively easy to implement in practice, safe in use and effective in operation, as well as having a relatively low cost.

This task and these purposes are all achieved by the present oven for the industrial cooking of food, particularly bread, pizzas or the like, comprising at least one support frame for a food cooking chamber and at least one combustion chamber for at least one solid fuel. for the thermal transfer of heat to said cooking chamber, said combustion chamber being provided with at least one opening for introducing said solid fuel; means for feeding said solid fuel into said combustion chamber by returning said solid fuel to said combustion chamber when a minimum threshold temperature is reached in said combustion chamber and / or in said cooking chamber; characterized in that it comprises storage means for said solid fuel defining at least one area for discharging at least one predefined dose of said solid fuel in communication with said feeding means for programmed delivery of said predefined dose into said combustion chamber.

Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become more evident from the detailed description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of an oven for the industrial cooking of food, particularly bread, pizzas or the like, illustrated by way of example, but not of limitation. , in the joined tables of drawings in which:

figure la is a first axonometric view of a first embodiment of the oven according to the invention;

Figure 1b is a second axonometric view of a first embodiment of the oven according to the invention;

Figure 2 is a side view of a second embodiment of an oven according to the invention;

Figure 3 is a sectional view along the plane marked II - II of Figure 2, according to the invention;

Figure 4 is an axonometric view of a first embodiment of the storage means of the oven, according to the invention;

figure 5 is an axonometric view of a second embodiment of the storage and feeding means of the furnace, according to the invention; Figure 6 is an axonometric view of a third embodiment of the storage and feeding means of the oven, according to the invention.

With particular reference to these figures, the reference numeral 1 generally designates an oven for the industrial cooking of foods, particularly bread, pizzas or the like.

The oven 1 comprises a support frame 2 for a tunnel-shaped cooking chamber 3, which is, for example, longitudinally elongated and provided with two opposite open ends which, respectively, define an inlet 4 and an outlet 5 of food. The cooking chamber 3, in practice, is defined by the union of a series of longitudinal walls: a bottom wall 6, an upper wall 7 and two side walls 8.

By way of example, inside the cooking chamber 3 there is a feed line for the food which extends between the inlet 4 and the outlet 5.

This line of advancement can be of the type of a plate conveyor belt 9 which, wound around a pair of motorized cylinders 10 arranged at the ends of the cooking chamber 3, is divided into an upper forward section, on which the foods advance in cooking, and in a lower return section.

A combustion chamber 11 is associated with the frame 2 in which a solid and / or gaseous fuel is burned.

The combustion chamber 11 is suitable for the thermal transfer of heat to the cooking chamber 3.

The solid fuel is advantageously of the type a fuel made of wood material, for example, in logs of wood or pellets.

The combustion chamber 11 is, for example, arranged adjacent to the walls 6 and 8 of the cooking chamber 3, walls on which, for example, a plurality of openings 12 for the passage of the hot combustion fumes from the combustion chamber 11 to the cooking chamber 3.

The combustion chamber 11 is provided with at least one introduction opening 13 associated with the frame 2 for introducing the solid fuel into the combustion chamber itself.

The furnace 1 also comprises means for feeding the solid fuel, indicated in the various embodiments with the reference numbers 14a, 14b, 14c, in the combustion chamber 11 for feeding the solid fuel into the combustion chamber itself in correspondence reaching a minimum threshold temperature in the combustion chamber 11 and / or in the cooking chamber 3.

Particularly, for the purposes of the present invention, the furnace 1 comprises solid fuel storage means, indicated in the various embodiments with the reference numbers 15a, 15b, 15c, which define a fuel loading area 16a, 16b, 16c solid fuel to be stored and an unloading area 17a, 17b, 17c of a predefined dose of the same solid fuel previously stored.

The discharge area 17a, 17b, 17c, in particular, is in communication with the feeding means 14a, 14b, 14c for the programmed introduction of the predefined dose of solid fuel into the combustion chamber 11. The storage means 15a, 15b , 15c comprise means for transferring the solid fuel at least between the loading zone 16a, 16b, 16c to the unloading zone 17a, 17b, 17c.

The storage means 15a, 15b, 15c comprise at least one element for collecting at least a discrete quantity of the solid fuel at least in the loading area 16a, 16b, 16c.

Advantageously, the storage means 15a, 15b, 15c comprise a plurality of collection elements 18a, 18b, 18c arranged in series and / or parallel to each other.

In a first embodiment of the feeding means 14a and the storage means 15a, shown in figures la, 1b and 4, the element 16a for collecting at least a discrete quantity of said solid fuel in the loading area 16a is associated with the transfer means for transferring the same collection element at least from the loading area 16a to the unloading area 17a.

In this first embodiment, the storage means 15a and in particular, the transfer means, comprise at least one continuous bucket conveyor, equipped with at least one flexible member 19a, for example of the type of a chain, closed on itself to ring and wound on at least one driven roller 20a and at least one motorized roller 2 la by independent and reversible motor means; the collection elements 18a are associated with the flexible member 19a arranged in series with each other and define the series of cups of the conveyor.

In each collection element 18a it is possible to house one or more pellet or wood logs which will define the dose of solid fuel to be fed into the combustion chamber 11 upon request.

In a second embodiment of the feeding means 14b and of the storage means 15b, shown in Figures 2, 3 and 5, the collecting element 18b defines at least one sliding plane 22 substantially inclined with respect to the side walls of the frame 2 and interposed between the loading area 16b and the unloading area 17b for the transfer of solid fuel from the loading area to the unloading area.

In this embodiment, in particular, the collection means 18b and the transfer means are defined as integral with each other.

Advantageously, the sliding surface 22 is equipped with lateral sides 23 for the guided sliding of the solid fuel from the calico area 16b to the discharge area 16c.

In particular, the collection elements 18b are such as to house a plurality of solid fuel logs arranged in series with each other and able to slide from the loading area 16b to the unloading area 17b along the sliding plane defined by the collection element. 18b.

In the first and second embodiments of the feeding means 14a, 14b and of the storage means 15a, 15b, advantageously, the feeding means themselves comprise a frame 24a, 24b associated with the frame 2 in correspondence with the external walls of the chamber. combustion 11 and at least one container 25a, 25b for loading the predefined dose of solid fuel.

The loading container 25 a, 25b is associated slidingly and / or rotatably with the frame 24a, 24b and is movable between a first configuration for collecting the solid fuel stored by the storage means 15 a, 15b and a second configuration for approaching the fuel. solid taken from the introduction opening 13 for feeding it into the combustion chamber 11.

Furthermore, in the first and second embodiments of the feeding means 14a, 14b and of the storage means 15a, 15b, the storage means themselves are advantageously associated in a substantially higher area with the introduction opening 13 of the frame 2 .

The collection elements 18a, 18b, in turn, are arranged above the loading container 25a, 25b and the loading container itself is arranged above the introduction opening 13.

The transfer of the solid fuel from the collection element 18a, 18b to the loading container 25a, 25b and from the loading container itself to the introduction opening 13 occurs by gravity drop of the solid fuel, in particular of one or more pellet logs. or wood at a time.

In particular, the loading container 25a, 25b, rotating around a substantially horizontal hinging axis, overturns the solid fuel, taken from the collection element 18a, 18b, into the introduction opening 13 located below it.

The feeding means 15 a, in the first embodiment comprise at least one linear actuator 26 whose stem 27 is rotatably associated with the load container 25a and whose body 28 is integrally associated with the frame 2 for the roto-translation of the load container itself.

In a third embodiment of the feeding means 14c and the storage means 15c, shown in Figures 3, 4 and 6, the element 18c for collecting at least a discrete quantity of solid fuel in the loading area 16c is associated with the means for transferring the same collection element at least from the loading area 16c to the unloading area 17c.

The storage means themselves are associated laterally and / or below the frame 2 defining a surface for supporting and transporting the solid fuel. The introduction opening 13 is, for example, associated with the combustion chamber 11 at a height substantially equal to the height defined by the support and transport plane itself.

In particular, in this third embodiment, the storage means 15c comprise a plurality of collection elements 18c arranged in series with each other, and in particular, the transfer means comprise at least one continuous bucket conveyor, as described above, equipped with at least one flexible member 19c, for example of the type of a chain, closed on itself in a ring and wound on at least one driven roller 20c and at least one motorized roller 21 c by independent and reversible motor means, the collection elements 18c are associated to the flexible member 19c arranged in series with each other and define the series of cups of the conveyor.

In each collection element 18c it is possible to house one or more pellet or wood logs which will define the dose of solid fuel to be fed into the combustion chamber 11 upon request.

In this third embodiment of the feeding means 14c and of the storage means 15c, in particular, the collection elements 18c and the loading container 25 coincide and the feeding means 14c comprising at least one pusher element 29 slidingly associated with the frame 2 in proximity of the introduction opening 13 and such as to push the solid fuel from the collection element 18c, which faces the introduction opening itself, inside the combustion chamber 11.

The pusher element 29, for example, is of the type of a fluid-medium linear actuator whose piston 30 is able to contact the solid fuel by pushing it into the introduction opening 13.

The piston 30 is arranged substantially transversal to the direction defined by the bucket conveyor from the loading area 16c to the unloading area 17c and substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the solid fuel logs for their thrust along a direction substantially parallel to the same longitudinal axis. .

In particular, in this way the introduction opening 13 can have a reduced inlet opening and, therefore, slightly greater than the section of the solid fuel trunks transverse to their longitudinal axis itself.

The oven 1 comprises removable closing means of the introduction opening 13, which comprise at least one door 3 la, 3 lb, 3 l and associated in a pivoting and / or sliding manner with respect to the frame.

In the first and second embodiments of the feeding means 14a, 14b and of the storage means 15a, 15c, in particular, the door 3 la, 3 lb is pivotally associated with the frame 2 with respect to a substantially horizontal and movable axis between a closing configuration of the introduction opening 13 and an opening configuration of the same by means of actuator means 32a, 32b, for example, of the type of a further linear actuator by fluid means or other technically equivalent. In particular, the stem 33a, 33b of the actuator means 32a, 32b is rotatably associated with the door 31a, 3 1b, and the body 34a, 34b is rotatably associated with the frame 2 for rotation of the door itself.

The surface of the door 3 la, 3 1b, facing towards the combustion chamber 11, when the door itself is in the open configuration, advantageously forms a connecting chute between the loading container 25 a, 25b and the opening of introduction 13 for the gravity fall of the solid fuel into the combustion chamber 11.

In the first embodiment, the loading container 25a can be connected to the door 3 la by means of a lever for transforming the motion of the same door into rotation of the loading container 25a for discharging the solid fuel contained therein into the combustion chamber 11.

Advantageously, the closing means comprise at least one platform 35a, 35b rotatably associated with the hatch 31a, 3lb, able to form, with the hatch itself in the open configuration, an inclined plane for rolling the solid fuel for seamless connection. continuity between the loading container 25a, 25b and the introduction opening 13 for the introduction of the same solid fuel into the combustion chamber 11.

Particularly, in the second embodiment the feeding means 14b comprise means for transforming the rotational motion of the door 3 1b into a rotational motion of the loading container 25b.

The transformation means comprise at least one bracket 36 integrally associated with the loading container 25b and provided with an elongated slot 37, within which a pin 38, which is associated with the door 31b, slides. The rotation of the bracket 36 with respect to a substantially horizontal axis caused by the opening rotation of the door 31b is such as to cause the rotation of the loading container 25b for the discharge of the solid fuel contained therein into the combustion chamber 11.

Alternatively, the transformation means can comprise a linear actuator for guiding the rotation of the loading container 25b.

In the third embodiment of the feeding means 14c and of the storage means 15c, in particular, the door 3 1a is slidingly associated with the frame 2 and is movable between a closing configuration of the introduction opening 13 and an opening configuration of the itself by actuating means 32c, for example, of the type of a linear fluid medium actuator or other technically equivalent.

In particular, the rod 33c of the actuator means 32c is integrally associated with the door 3 le and the body 34c is integrally associated with the frame 2 for the translation of the door itself.

The furnace 1 can have a plurality of introduction openings 13 and / or combustion chambers 11, each of which are interlocked, as described above, by the feeding means 14a, 14b, 14c and by the storage means 15a, 15b, 15c.

The first, second and third embodiments of the oven 1 can be present at the same time in the same oven 1 or be present in one or more combinations depending on the construction and overall dimensions of the oven itself.

The combustion chamber 13 of the oven 1, for example, is divided into a plurality of first compartments 39 and second combustion compartments 40, which are distributed along the cooking chamber 3.

Each first compartment 29 is delimited by a wall structure supported by the frame 2 around a corresponding longitudinal section of the cooking chamber 3 and, in particular, extends adjacent to the upper wall 7 and to the side walls 8.

The second compartments 40 are arranged below the bottom wall 6 of the cooking chamber 3 and are delimited by as many masonry partitions which extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the oven 1

The first and second compartments, 39 and 40 respectively, each comprise support bases 41 for solid fuel, arranged adjacent to the side walls 8 on opposite sides of the cooking chamber 3 or below it. These support bases consist of corresponding grates on which, in use, the solid fuel to be burned is arranged.

Furthermore, each first and second compartment, 39 and 40 respectively, is also equipped, for example, with means for removing the ashes produced by solid fuel which, in particular, are for example constituted by an ash collection drawer arranged below each grate and associated to the frame 2 in a sliding manner which is substantially transverse to the longitudinal direction of the cooking chamber 3.

In practice, the ashes produced by the combustion of solid fuel pass through the meshes of the grates by gravity and fall back into the drawers from which they can be periodically removed once extracted from the oven 1.

Conveniently, in each first and / or second compartment, 39 and / or 40 respectively, combustible gas burners 42 can be provided, arranged on opposite sides of the cooking chamber 3 and in proximity to the support bases 41, for example below them.

In particular, the first and second types of storage means 15a, 15b and the corresponding feeding means 14a, 14b are enslaved to the first compartments 39 for introducing the solid fuel into the combustion chamber 11 and, therefore, into the first compartments. themselves.

In particular, the third type of storage means 15c and the feeding means 14c are enslaved to the second compartments 40 for introducing the solid fuel into the combustion chamber 11 and, therefore, into the second compartments themselves.

Advantageously, the oven 1 is equipped with an automated unit for managing and controlling the opening / closing of the doors 3 la, 3 lb, 3 le and the activation of the feeding means 14a, 14b, 14c and of the burners 42; this unit, of the type of a PLC and / or a computer, is not illustrated in detail in the figures. The operation of the automated management and control unit and, therefore, of the closing means, of the feeding means 14a, 14b, 14c, of the storage means 15a, 15b, 15c and of the burners 42, is enslaved to means for detecting the temperature inside the cooking chamber 3 and / or the combustion chamber 11, which are of the type of a series of thermocouples distributed along the oven 1.

Depending on the requirements, the operation of the furnace 1 provides for the combustion of solid fuel only, of combustible gas only, or in a combined way, ie by burning both fuels.

The operation of the furnace is entrusted to a program of the automated management and control unit which commands the switching on and off at pre-established times and the automatic management of the temperatures in the various zones of the furnace 1 by controlling the fuel supply in the compartments. 39 and 40, allowing cooking uniformity on all foods in progress even in the case of considerable width of the cooking chamber 3.

In this regard, it should be noted that when the temperature detected in a certain point of the kiln 1 drops below the minimum threshold value set by the program, the system reacts automatically by commanding the introduction of other solid fuel and / or the sending of fuel gas to the corresponding burners 42.

The oven 1 comprises signaling means, not shown in the figure, for example acoustic and / or luminous means associated with the storage means 15a, 15b, 15c and which can be activated in correspondence with the configuration of complete unloading of the storage means themselves or of each collection element 18a, 18b, 18c.

The furnace 1 also comprises means 43 for recovering the sawdust deriving from the transport of the solid fuel, which are associated with the frame 2 below at least one of the storage means 15a, 15b, 15c, the feeding means 14a, 14b, 14c and the introduction opening 13.

The recovery means 43 comprise, for example, at least one tray for collecting the sawdust falling from the solid fuel stored and fed from which the sawdust can be fed into the combustion chamber 11.

The operation of the present invention is as follows.

As regards the first embodiment, the loading phase of the storage means can take place manually or by means of robotic means for transporting the solid fuel.

The loading area and the unloading area, respectively 16a and 17a, coincide in this first embodiment and the step backward movement from the loading area 16a of the collection element itself thus filled with solid fuel is such as to make available a subsequent collection element 18a for its loading.

At the end of the loading phase of the collection elements 18a it is sufficient to reverse the motion of the motorized roller 2 la and, therefore, the stepwise advancement, at the request of the detection means, of the collection elements 18a is such as to unload in the unloading area. 17a and, therefore, in the loading container 25a the predefined dose of solid fuel to feed the combustion chamber 11.

Subsequently, the loading container 25 a is operated in a substantially vertical translation by approaching the introduction opening 13.

When the loading container is near the introduction opening itself, the rotation of the door 31a and of the loading container itself is activated for the gravity discharge of the dose of solid fuel inside the loading container 25 a into the combustion chamber 11 no operator intervention is required.

As regards the second embodiment of the storage means 15b and the feeding means 14b, the timed rotation imposed by the actuating means 32b for the opening of the door 31b is such as to rotate also the loading container 25b, whereby the dose of solid fuel contained therein is reversed on the internal surface of the hatch itself and therefore in the combustion chamber 11.

The bottom of the overturned loading container 25b is such as to hold the solid fuel contained not withdrawn and, when the loading container itself is brought back to the loading configuration, it is such as to house a further dose of solid fuel inside for the next power supply in the combustion chamber 11.

As regards the third embodiment of the storage means 15c and the feeding means 14c, the loading of the solid fuel takes place by arranging the logs of wood or pellets in the collection elements 18c in the loading area 16c.

The stepping of the loaded collection element 18c makes a subsequent collection element 18c available until a sufficient number of collection elements themselves have been loaded.

Furthermore, the stepwise advancement of the collection elements 18c is such as to bring the solid fuel loaded therein in step towards the unloading area 17c.

Once a log of wood or pellets is substantially facing the introduction opening 13, the automated unit, in response to the detection means, is such as to activate the door 3 1 to slide in order to open the introduction opening 13 and to activate the pusher element 29 for introducing the solid fuel into the combustion chamber 11.

In practice it has been found that the described invention achieves the intended aim and objects, in particular it is emphasized that the furnace according to the invention allows to optimize the automated phases of feeding the fuel into the combustion chamber, reducing the intervention of the operators to a minimum.

Furthermore, the invention as conceived allows, at the same time, the production of foods with high organoleptic characteristics and guarantees a good autonomy of the oven for industrial use.

In fact, it allows to greatly reduce the costs of production, installation, management and labor compared to traditional ovens and to be able to operate in conditions of maximum safety for the safety of the personnel operating in the vicinity, reducing the costs of maintenance and programming, as well as present a simple structure, relatively easy to implement in practice, safe in use and effective in operation, as well as relatively low cost.

The invention thus conceived is susceptible of numerous modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the inventive concept.

Furthermore, all the details can be replaced by other technically equivalent elements.

In practice, the materials used, as well as the contingent shapes and dimensions, may be any according to requirements without thereby departing from the scope of the protection of the following claims.

Claims (2)

CLAIMS 1) Oven for the industrial cooking of food, particularly bread, pizzas or the like, comprising at least one support frame for a food cooking chamber and at least one combustion chamber of at least one solid fuel for the thermal transfer of heat to said cooking chamber, said combustion chamber being provided with at least one opening for introducing said solid fuel; means for feeding said solid fuel into said combustion chamber by returning said solid fuel to said combustion chamber when a minimum threshold temperature is reached in said combustion chamber and / or in said cooking chamber; characterized in that it comprises storage means for said solid fuel defining at least one area for discharging at least one predefined dose of said solid fuel in communication with said feeding means for programmed delivery of said predefined dose into said combustion chamber. 2) Furnace according to claim 1 characterized in that said storage means define at least one solid fuel loading area and comprise means for transferring said solid fuel loaded at least between said loading area to said unloading area. 3) Fomo according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said storage means comprise at least one element for collecting at least a discrete quantity of said solid fuel in said loading area associated with said transfer means for the transfer of said element collection at least from said loading area to said unloading area. 4) Furnace according to claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that said storage means comprise at least one element for collecting at least a discrete quantity of said solid fuel in said loading area defining a sliding surface of said solid fuel substantially inclined with respect to said frame is interposed between said loading area and said unloading area for the transfer of said solid fuel from the loading area to said unloading area, said collection means and said transfer means being defined as integral. 5) Oven according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said storage means comprise a plurality of said collection elements arranged in series and / or parallel to each other. 6) Furnace according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 3 and 5 characterized in that said collection elements are slidingly associated with respect to said frame for transporting said solid fuel from said loading area to said unloading area. 7) Oven according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 3, 5 and 6, characterized by the fact that said transfer means comprise at least one continuous bucket conveyor, said conveyor comprising at least one flexible member closed on itself in a loop and wound on at least one driven roller and at least one roller powered by motor means, said collection elements being associated with said flexible member arranged together in series and defining a series of buckets of said conveyor. 8) Furnace according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said feeding means comprise a frame associated with said frame in correspondence with the external walls of said combustion chamber and at least one container for loading said solid fuel, slidingly associated and / or rotatably to said frame and movable between a first configuration for collecting said solid fuel stored by said storage means and a second configuration for approaching said solid fuel withdrawn to said introduction opening for feeding it into said storage chamber combustion. 9) Furnace according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said storage means are associated in an area, substantially higher than said introduction opening, of said frame, said collection elements being arranged above said loading container and said loading container being arranged above said introduction opening; the transfer of said solid fuel from said collection element to said loading container and from said loading container to said introduction opening by gravity fall of said solid fuel. 10) Furnace according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that said storage means are associated laterally and / or below said frame defining a support and transport surface for said solid fuel, said introduction opening being associated with said storage chamber combustion at a height substantially equal to the height of said support and transport surface, said feeding means comprising at least one pusher element slidingly associated with said frame in proximity to said introduction opening and able to push said solid fuel from said facing collection element to said introduction opening inside said combustion chamber. 11) Oven according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for the removable closure of said introduction opening comprising at least one door associated in a pivoting and / or sliding manner with respect to said frame. 12) Oven according to one or more of the preceding claims from 1 to 9 and 11 characterized by the fact that said door is pivotally associated with said frame with respect to a substantially horizontal axis which is movable between a closing configuration and an opening configuration of said introduction opening, the surface of said hatch facing towards said combustion chamber in said opening configuration forming a connecting chute between said loading container and said introduction opening for the gravity fall of said solid fuel into said combustion chamber. 13. Oven according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for detecting the temperature of at least one of said cooking chamber and said combustion chamber. 14) Oven according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an automated unit for the management and control of said feeding means, said storage means and closing means enslaved to said means for detecting the temperature for activation of said storage means, said feeding means and said closing means for the programmed feeding of said solid fuel into said combustion chamber. 15) Use of wood pellets as solid fuel in ovens for the industrial cooking of food, particularly bread, pizzas or the like.