ITMI20120361A1 - TAMPER-EVIDENT CLOSURE WITH RIPPED SEAL - Google Patents
TAMPER-EVIDENT CLOSURE WITH RIPPED SEAL Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ITMI20120361A1 ITMI20120361A1 IT000361A ITMI20120361A ITMI20120361A1 IT MI20120361 A1 ITMI20120361 A1 IT MI20120361A1 IT 000361 A IT000361 A IT 000361A IT MI20120361 A ITMI20120361 A IT MI20120361A IT MI20120361 A1 ITMI20120361 A1 IT MI20120361A1
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- tear
- closure
- seal
- container
- tamper
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013334 alcoholic beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
- B65D41/62—Secondary protective cap-like outer covers for closure members
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
- B65D41/02—Caps or cap-like covers without lines of weakness, tearing strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices
- B65D41/04—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation
- B65D41/0407—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation with integral sealing means
- B65D41/0414—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation with integral sealing means formed by a plug, collar, flange, rib or the like contacting the internal surface of a container neck
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
- B65D41/32—Caps or cap-like covers with lines of weakness, tearing-strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices, e.g. to facilitate formation of pouring openings
- B65D41/34—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers provided with tamper elements formed in, or attached to, the closure skirt
- B65D41/3442—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers provided with tamper elements formed in, or attached to, the closure skirt with rigid bead or projections formed on the tamper element and coacting with bead or projections on the container
- B65D41/3447—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers provided with tamper elements formed in, or attached to, the closure skirt with rigid bead or projections formed on the tamper element and coacting with bead or projections on the container the tamper element being integrally connected to the closure by means of bridges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D47/00—Closures with filling and discharging, or with discharging, devices
- B65D47/04—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps
- B65D47/06—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages
- B65D47/08—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages having articulated or hinged closures
- B65D47/0804—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages having articulated or hinged closures integrally formed with the base element provided with the spout or discharge passage
- B65D47/0833—Hinges without elastic bias
- B65D47/0838—Hinges without elastic bias located at an edge of the base element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D51/00—Closures not otherwise provided for
- B65D51/18—Arrangements of closures with protective outer cap-like covers or of two or more co-operating closures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D55/00—Accessories for container closures not otherwise provided for
- B65D55/02—Locking devices; Means for discouraging or indicating unauthorised opening or removal of closure
- B65D55/024—Closures in which a part has to be ruptured to gain access to the contents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D55/00—Accessories for container closures not otherwise provided for
- B65D55/02—Locking devices; Means for discouraging or indicating unauthorised opening or removal of closure
- B65D55/06—Deformable or tearable wires, strings, or strips; Use of seals, e.g. destructible locking pins
- B65D55/08—Annular elements encircling container necks
- B65D55/0863—Plastic snap-on cap-like collars having frangible parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
- B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
- B65D2251/0006—Upper closure
- B65D2251/0015—Upper closure of the 41-type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
- B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
- B65D2251/0068—Lower closure
- B65D2251/0078—Lower closure of the 41-type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2401/00—Tamper-indicating means
- B65D2401/15—Tearable part of the closure
- B65D2401/25—Non-metallic tear-off strips
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
- Bag Frames (AREA)
Description
Titolo: “Chiusura tamper-evident con sigillo a strappo†Title: â € œTamper-evident closure with tear-off sealâ €
La presente invenzione si riferisce ad una chiusura tamper-evident con sigillo a strappo. The present invention refers to a tamper-evident closure with tear-off seal.
Le chiusure tamper-evident sono note nell’arte. Tali chiusure comprendono, generalmente, un tappo vero e proprio, amovibilmente associato al resto della chiusura, ed un elemento tamper-evident, ovvero di evidenziazione della prima apertura. Tamper-evident closures are well known in the art. These closures generally comprise a real plug, removably associated with the rest of the closure, and a tamper-evident element, that is to say, to highlight the first opening.
GB 2 285 623 descrive una chiusura tamper-evident che comprende un dispositivo versatore definente un orifizio versatore, una gonna per il fissaggio del dispositivo versatore al collo del contenitore, un tappo atto ad impegnare e disimpegnare il dispositivo versatore per la chiusura dell'orifizio versatore ed un cappuccio che circonda interamente la gonna ed il tappo e presenta una porzione anulare che impegna in modo stabile una porzione inferiore della gonna. Il cappuccio comprende una linguetta a strappo configurata in modo da lasciare la porzione anulare in impegno con la gonna quando la linguetta a strappo viene strappata così da evidenziare l'avvenuta prima apertura della chiusura. GB 2 285 623 describes a tamper-evident closure which comprises a pouring device defining a pouring orifice, a skirt for fixing the pouring device to the neck of the container, a cap able to engage and disengage the pouring device for closing the pouring orifice and a hood which entirely surrounds the skirt and the cap and has an annular portion which stably engages a lower portion of the skirt. The hood comprises a tear-off tab configured so as to leave the annular portion in engagement with the skirt when the tear-off tab is torn so as to highlight the first opening of the closure.
EP 1 818 272 descrive una chiusura tamper-evident che comprende un tappo atto ad impegnare e disimpegnare l'orifizio versatore di un dispositivo versatore fissato alla bocca di un contenitore ed un cappuccio che circonda il tappo e presenta una porzione anulare che impegna in modo stabile il collo del contenitore. Il cappuccio comprende una linguetta a strappo configurata in modo da lasciare la porzione anulare in impegno con il collo del contenitore quando la linguetta a strappo viene strappata così da evidenziare l'avvenuta prima apertura della chiusura. EP 1 818 272 describes a tamper-evident closure which comprises a cap adapted to engage and disengage the pouring orifice of a pouring device fixed to the mouth of a container and a cap which surrounds the cap and has an annular portion which engages in a stable manner the neck of the container. The cap comprises a tear-off tab configured so as to leave the annular portion in engagement with the neck of the container when the tear-off tab is torn so as to highlight the first opening of the closure.
US 5,667,086 descrive una chiusura tamper-evident che comprende un tappo collegato tramite una porzione frangibile ad una gonna fissata al collo di un contenitore ed un cappuccio che circonda il tappo e, tramite la gonna del tappo, risulta fissato al collo del contenitore. Il cappuccio comprende una porzione inferiore ed una porzione superiore. La porzione superiore à ̈ dotata di una linguetta a strappo che, quando strappata, consente di rimuovere la porzione superiore lasciando la porzione inferiore fissata alla gonna del tappo e, tramite questa, al collo del contenitore. US 5,667,086 discloses a tamper-evident closure which comprises a cap connected by means of a frangible portion to a skirt fixed to the neck of a container and a cap which surrounds the cap and, by means of the skirt of the cap, is fixed to the neck of the container. The cap comprises a lower portion and an upper portion. The upper portion is equipped with a tear-off tab which, when torn, allows the upper portion to be removed leaving the lower portion fixed to the cap skirt and, through this, to the neck of the container.
Le chiusure sopra menzionate presentano l'inconveniente di non essere immuni ad eventuali atti fraudolenti commessi da un contraffattore che desideri ripristinare le chiusura nella configurazione precedente alla prima apertura. Il contraffattore può infatti rimuovere non solo la parte solidale alla linguetta ma, con relativa facilità , anche la parte che rimane sul contenitore. Successivamente, il contraffattore può aprire il tappo, sostituire il contenuto del contenitore con altro di scarsa qualità , richiudere il tappo ed applicare un nuovo cappuccio con sigillo a strappo ripristinando la chiusura ed il contenitore esattamente nella configurazione precedente alla prima apertura. Anche la presenza della porzione frangibile nel documento US 5,667,086 non supera tale inconveniente in quanto il tappo può essere riavvitato fino a far combaciare i bordi del tappo e della gonna così da rendere non evidente l'avvenuta rottura della porzione frangibile. The aforementioned closures have the drawback of not being immune to any fraudulent acts committed by a counterfeiter who wishes to restore the closures in the configuration prior to the first opening. The counterfeiter can in fact remove not only the part integral with the tab but, with relative ease, also the part that remains on the container. Subsequently, the counterfeiter can open the cap, replace the contents of the container with another of poor quality, close the cap and apply a new cap with tear-off seal, restoring the closure and the container exactly in the configuration prior to the first opening. Even the presence of the breakable portion in US 5,667,086 does not overcome this drawback since the cap can be screwed back until the edges of the cap and the skirt match so as to make it not evident that the breakable portion has been broken.
Dalla discussione dell’arte anteriore qui esposta, emerge l’esigenza di realizzare una chiusura tamper-evident con sigillo a strappo che impedisca o per lo meno renda estremamente complicato ed anti-economico ripristinare la chiusura nella sua configurazione antecedentemente alla prima apertura. From the discussion of the prior art exhibited here, the need emerges to create a tamper-evident closure with tear-off seal that prevents or at least makes it extremely complicated and uneconomical to restore the closure in its configuration prior to the first opening.
In vista dello stato della tecnica descritto, scopo della presente invenzione à ̈ quello di soddisfare almeno parzialmente l’esigenza sopra esposta, superando almeno parzialmente gli svantaggi della tecnica nota. In view of the state of the art described, the object of the present invention is to satisfy at least partially the above requirement, at least partially overcoming the disadvantages of the known art.
In accordo con la presente invenzione, tale scopo viene raggiunto mediante una chiusura secondo la rivendicazione 1. In accordance with the present invention, this object is achieved by means of a closure according to claim 1.
Le caratteristiche ed i vantaggi della presente invenzione risulteranno evidenti dalla seguente descrizione dettagliata di una forma di realizzazione pratica, data a titolo di esempio non limitativo con riferimento agli uniti disegni, nei quali: The characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become evident from the following detailed description of a practical embodiment, given by way of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
- la figura 1 mostra una vista prospettica di una chiusura seconda una prima forma di realizzazione della presente invenzione, in una prima configurazione, Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a closure according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in a first configuration,
- la figura 2 mostra una vista prospettica della chiusura di figura 1, in una seconda configurazione, - figure 2 shows a perspective view of the closure of figure 1, in a second configuration,
- la figura 3 mostra una vista prospettica della chiusura di figura 1, in una terza configurazione, - figure 3 shows a perspective view of the closure of figure 1, in a third configuration,
- la figura 4a mostra una vista laterale della chiusura di figura 1, - figure 4a shows a side view of the closure of figure 1,
- la figura 4b mostra una vista in sezione della chiusura di figura 4a, - la figura 5a mostra una vista laterale della chiusura di figura 2, - figure 4b shows a sectional view of the closure of figure 4a, - figure 5a shows a side view of the closure of figure 2,
- la figura 5b mostra una vista in sezione della chiusura di figura 5a, - la figura 6a mostra una vista laterale della chiusura di figura 3, - figure 5b shows a sectional view of the closure of figure 5a, - figure 6a shows a side view of the closure of figure 3,
- la figura 6b mostra una vista in sezione della chiusura di figura 6a, - la figura 7a mostra una vista laterale di una chiusura in accordo con una seconda forma di realizzazione della presente invenzione, in una prima configurazione, - figure 6b shows a sectional view of the closure of figure 6a, - figure 7a shows a side view of a closure according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in a first configuration,
- la figura 7b mostra una vista in sezione della chiusura di figura 7a, - la figura 8a mostra una vista laterale della chiusura di figura 7a, in una seconda configurazione, - figure 7b shows a sectional view of the closure of figure 7a, - figure 8a shows a side view of the closure of figure 7a, in a second configuration,
- la figura 8b mostra una vista in sezione della chiusura di figura 8a, - la figura 9a mostra una vista laterale della chiusura di figura 7a, in una terza configurazione, - figure 8b shows a sectional view of the closure of figure 8a, - figure 9a shows a side view of the closure of figure 7a, in a third configuration,
- la figura 9b mostra una vista in sezione della chiusura di figura 9a, Anche qualora non esplicitamente evidenziato, le singole caratteristiche descritte in riferimento alle specifiche realizzazioni dovranno intendersi come accessorie e/o intercambiabili con altre caratteristiche, descritte in riferimento ad altri esempi di realizzazione. - figure 9b shows a sectional view of the closure of figure 9a, Even if not explicitly highlighted, the individual characteristics described with reference to the specific embodiments must be understood as accessory and / or interchangeable with other characteristics, described with reference to other examples of embodiment .
Facendo riferimento alle figure, con 1 viene globalmente indicata una chiusura tamper-evident. With reference to the figures, the reference numeral 1 globally indicates a tamper-evident closure.
La chiusura 1 Ã ̈ destinata a chiudere la bocca di un contenitore 2, ad esempio una bottiglia, come una bottiglia di vetro, ad esempio per una bevanda alcolica. The closure 1 is intended to close the mouth of a container 2, for example a bottle, such as a glass bottle, for example for an alcoholic beverage.
Nell'esempio mostrato nelle figure, il contenitore 2 Ã ̈ una bottiglia e comprende un collo 4 che termina con una bocca 3 definente un orifizio versatore 3a. In the example shown in the figures, the container 2 is a bottle and comprises a neck 4 ending with a mouth 3 defining a pouring orifice 3a.
Sebbene la chiusura 1, considerata isolatamente, possa essere orientata in qualsiasi direzione, ai soli fini della presente descrizione, si definisce come asse verticale l’asse longitudinale X-X della chiusura 1 stessa e, convenzionalmente, il basso sarà il lato della chiusura 1 destinato ad essere rivolto verso il contenitore 2, mentre l’alto sarà quello destinato ad essere rivolto verso il consumatore; in pratica il normale orientamento della chiusura applicato su una bottiglia disposta normalmente (come illustrato nelle figure). Although the closure 1, considered in isolation, can be oriented in any direction, for the sole purposes of this description, the longitudinal axis X-X of the closure 1 itself is defined as the vertical axis and, conventionally, the bottom will be the side of the closure 1 intended to be facing the container 2, while the top will be the one destined to be facing the consumer; in practice, the normal orientation of the closure applied to a normally arranged bottle (as illustrated in the figures).
In accordo con una forma di realizzazione, un corpo versatore può essere applicato sul collo 4 del contenitore 2 e ad esso fissato mediante noti mezzi di fissaggio atti ad impedire movimenti relativi rotazionali e longitudinali del corpo versatore rispetto al collo 4 del contenitore. Il corpo versatore e la chiusura 1 formano, insieme, un gruppo di chiusura. Il corpo versatore presenta un orifizio versatore che individua l'orifizio versatore del contenitore 2. In accordance with an embodiment, a pouring body can be applied to the neck 4 of the container 2 and fixed thereto by means of known fastening means able to prevent relative rotational and longitudinal movements of the pouring body with respect to the neck 4 of the container. The pouring body and the closure 1 together form a closure group. The pouring body has a pouring orifice which identifies the pouring orifice of the container 2.
Nel eseguito, si farà riferimento, in modo non limitativo, ad una chiusura 1 atta a chiudere la bocca 3 del contenitore 2. In the execution, reference will be made, in a non-limiting way, to a closure 1 suitable for closing the mouth 3 of the container 2.
La chiusura 1 comprende un tappo 10 atto chiudere la bocca 3 del contenitore 2, in particolare atto a chiudere l'orifizio versatore 3a della bocca 3. The closure 1 comprises a cap 10 suitable for closing the mouth 3 of the container 2, in particular suitable for closing the pouring orifice 3a of the mouth 3.
In accordo con una forma di realizzazione, il tappo 10 comprende un elemento tubolare 11 aperto inferiormente e chiuso superiormente da una parete trasversale 12. In particolare, l'elemento tubolare 11 si estende lungo una direzione longitudinale X-X tra un'estremità inferiore 13, in corrispondenza della quale à ̈ aperto, ed un'estremità superiore 14, in corrispondenza della quale à ̈ prevista la parete trasversale 12. According to an embodiment, the cap 10 comprises a tubular element 11 open at the bottom and closed at the top by a transverse wall 12. In particular, the tubular element 11 extends along a longitudinal direction X-X between a lower end 13, in correspondence of which it is open, and an upper end 14, in correspondence of which the transverse wall 12 is provided.
Il tappo 10 presenta una superficie esterna 11a ed una superficie interna 11b, rappresentate rispettivamente dalla superficie esterna ed interna dell'elemento tubolare 11. La superficie esterna 11a corrisponde a quella parte del tappo 10 che può essere afferrata da un utente per le operazioni di apertura e chiusura della bocca 3 del contenitore 2. The cap 10 has an external surface 11a and an internal surface 11b, represented respectively by the external and internal surface of the tubular element 11. The external surface 11a corresponds to that part of the cap 10 which can be grasped by a user for opening operations. and closing the mouth 3 of the container 2.
La chiusura 1 comprende mezzi di vincolo 20 atti a vincolare in modo reversibile il tappo 10 alla bocca 3 del contenitore 2. Ciò consente di effettuare le normali operazioni di apertura e chiusura della bocca 3 del contenitore 2. The closure 1 comprises fastening means 20 suitable for reversibly fastening the cap 10 to the mouth 3 of the container 2. This allows the normal opening and closing operations of the mouth 3 of the container 2 to be carried out.
Nella forma di realizzazione delle figure da 1 a 6b, i mezzi di vincolo 20 comprendono mezzi di aggancio a scatto 21 atti a consentire un impegno a scatto del tappo 10 con la bocca 3. In particolare, i mezzi di aggancio a scatto 21 comprendono un risalto anulare ricavato sulla superficie interna 11b dell'elemento tubolare 11 e destinato ad impegnarsi con un corrispondente risalto anulare 5 ricavato sul collo 4 del contenitore 2. In the embodiment of Figures 1 to 6b, the fastening means 20 comprise snap coupling means 21 suitable for allowing a snap engagement of the cap 10 with the mouth 3. In particular, the snap coupling means 21 comprise a annular projection obtained on the internal surface 11b of the tubular element 11 and intended to engage with a corresponding annular projection 5 obtained on the neck 4 of the container 2.
Nella forma di realizzazione delle figure da 7a a 9b, i mezzi di vincolo 20 comprendono, vantaggiosamente in aggiunta ai mezzi di aggancio a scatto 21, mezzi a cerniera 22 atti a realizzare un movimento articolato del tappo 10 tra un posizione chiusa, in cui il tappo 10 à ̈ posto in chiusura della bocca 3, ed una posizione aperta, in cui il tappo 10 à ̈ disimpegnato dall'orifizio versatore 3a definito dalla bocca 3. I mezzi a cerniera 22 comprendono una fascia tubolare 23 associata al collo 4 ed un elemento di cerniera 24 che collega la fascia tubolare 23 con il tappo 10 così da collegare in modo articolato il tappo 10 alla fascia tubolare 23. In the embodiment of Figures 7a to 9b, the fastening means 20 advantageously comprise, in addition to the snap-hooking means 21, hinge means 22 suitable for carrying out an articulated movement of the cap 10 between a closed position, in which the cap 10 is placed in closing the mouth 3, and an open position, in which the cap 10 is disengaged from the pouring orifice 3a defined by the mouth 3. The hinge means 22 comprise a tubular band 23 associated with the neck 4 and a hinge element 24 which connects the tubular band 23 with the cap 10 so as to hinge the cap 10 to the tubular band 23.
In accordo con una differente forma di realizzazione, i mezzi di vincolo 20 possono comprendere una filettatura ricavata sulla superficie interna 11b del tappo 10 ed impegnabile con una filettatura associata al contenitore 2 e, ad esempio, ricavata sulla superficie esterna della bocca 3. In accordance with a different embodiment, the fastening means 20 can comprise a thread formed on the internal surface 11b of the cap 10 and engageable with a thread associated with the container 2 and, for example, formed on the external surface of the mouth 3.
La chiusura 1 comprende una capsula 30 associata esternamente al tappo 10 e dotata di mezzi 31 per il fissaggio della capsula 30 al contenitore 2. The closure 1 comprises a capsule 30 associated externally to the cap 10 and provided with means 31 for fixing the capsule 30 to the container 2.
In accordo con una forma di realizzazione, i mezzi di fissaggio 31 comprendono primi mezzi di fissaggio per impedire spostamenti longitudinali della capsula 30 rispetto al contenitore 2 e secondi mezzi di fissaggio per impedire spostamenti angolari della capsula 30 rispetto al contenitore 2. According to an embodiment, the fastening means 31 comprise first fastening means for preventing longitudinal displacements of the capsule 30 with respect to the container 2 and second fastening means for preventing angular displacements of the capsule 30 with respect to the container 2.
Nell'esempio, i primi mezzi di fissaggio comprendono un risalto anulare 32 formato internamente nella capsula 30 e destinato ad impegnare a scatto un collare 6 formato sul collo 4 del contenitore 2 ed i secondi mezzi di fissaggio comprendono nervature assiali 33 distribuite internamento nella capsula 30 e destinate ad impegnare corrispondenti scanalature 7 previste sul collo 4 del contenitore 2. In the example, the first fastening means comprise an annular projection 32 formed internally in the capsule 30 and intended to snap-fit a collar 6 formed on the neck 4 of the container 2 and the second fastening means comprise axial ribs 33 distributed internally in the capsule 30 and designed to engage corresponding grooves 7 provided on the neck 4 of the container 2.
La chiusura 1 comprende inoltre mezzi di garanzia atti a evidenziare la prima apertura della chiusura 1. The closure 1 also comprises guarantee means adapted to highlight the first opening of the closure 1.
I mezzi di garanzia comprendono un primo sigillo a strappo configurato per rimuovere, quando strappato, almeno una porzione della capsula 30. The security means comprises a first tear-off seal configured to remove, when torn, at least a portion of the capsule 30.
La chiusura 1 Ã ̈ atta a passare in modo irreversibile da una prima configurazione, prima dello strappo del primo sigillo, ad una seconda configurazione, dopo lo strappo del primo sigillo. The closure 1 is capable of irreversibly passing from a first configuration, before the first seal is torn, to a second configuration, after the first seal is torn.
In particolare, la capsula 30 Ã ̈ atta a passare in modo irreversibile da una prima configurazione, prima dello strappo del primo sigillo, ad una seconda configurazione, dopo lo strappo del primo sigillo. In particular, the capsule 30 is able to irreversibly pass from a first configuration, before tearing the first seal, to a second configuration, after tearing the first seal.
Nell'esempio, il manicotto 34 comprende una prima porzione inferiore 34a ed una seconda porzione superiore 34b collegate tramite una linea di indebolimento 35. In the example, the sleeve 34 comprises a first lower portion 34a and a second upper portion 34b connected via a weakening line 35.
Il primo sigillo a strappo comprende almeno una prima linguetta a strappo, nell'esempio la linguetta a strappo 36, ricavata nella capsula 30 per rimuovere, quando strappata, la seconda porzione superiore 34b del manicotto 34. A tale scopo, i mezzi di fissaggio 31 sono disposti per fissare la prima porzione inferiore 34a al contenitore 2. The first tear-off seal comprises at least a first tear-off tab, in the example the tear-off tab 36, made in the capsule 30 to remove, when torn, the second upper portion 34b of the sleeve 34. For this purpose, the fixing means 31 are arranged to fix the first lower portion 34a to the container 2.
La seconda porzione superiore 34b à ̈ dotata di una flangia 39 che si estende trasversalmente alla direzione longitudinale X-X verso l'interno del manicotto 34. The second upper portion 34b is provided with a flange 39 which extends transversely to the longitudinal direction X-X towards the inside of the sleeve 34.
Il manicotto 34 comprende inoltre una coppia di linee di indebolimento, nell'esempio rappresentate da due intagli 37,38 ricavati nel manicotto 34. Gli intagli 37,38 dipartono entrambi da una porzione della flangia 39 e si estendono longitudinalmente lungo la porzione superiore 34b verso la linea di indebolimento circonferenziale 35 così da formare la linguetta a strappo 36. The sleeve 34 also comprises a pair of weakening lines, in the example represented by two notches 37,38 made in the sleeve 34. The notches 37,38 both depart from a portion of the flange 39 and extend longitudinally along the upper portion 34b towards the circumferential weakening line 35 so as to form the tear tab 36.
I mezzi di garanzia comprendono inoltre un secondo sigillo a strappo atto a vincolare il tappo 10 al contenitore 2 e a consentire, quando strappato, la rimozione del tappo 10 dalla bocca 3 del contenitore 2. The guarantee means further comprise a second tear-off seal adapted to bind the cap 10 to the container 2 and to allow, when torn, the removal of the cap 10 from the mouth 3 of the container 2.
La chiusura 1 Ã ̈ atta a passare in modo irreversibile dalla seconda configurazione, prima dello strappo del secondo sigillo, ad una terza configurazione, dopo lo strappo del secondo sigillo. Closure 1 is capable of irreversibly passing from the second configuration, before the second seal is torn, to a third configuration, after the second seal is torn.
In accordo con una forma di realizzazione, la chiusura 1 à ̈ configurata in modo da impedire lo strappo del secondo sigillo quando la chiusura 1, ovvero la capsula 30, à ̈ nella prima configurazione e consentire lo strappo del secondo sigillo solo quando la chiusura à ̈ nella seconda configurazione. According to an embodiment, the closure 1 is configured in such a way as to prevent the second seal from being torn when the closure 1, i.e. the capsule 30, is in the first configuration and to allow the second seal to be torn only when the closure is ̈ in the second configuration.
In particolare, la capsula 30 à ̈ configurata in modo da impedire lo strappo del secondo sigillo quando la chiusura 1 à ̈ nella prima configurazione e consentire lo strappo del secondo sigillo solo quando la chiusura à ̈ nella seconda configurazione, ossia solo successivamente allo strappo del primo sigillo. In particular, the capsule 30 is configured in such a way as to prevent the second seal from being torn when the closure 1 is in the first configuration and to allow the second seal to be torn only when the closure is in the second configuration, i.e. only after the tearing of the first seal.
Il secondo sigillo a strappo comprende almeno una seconda linguetta a strappo, nell'esempio la linguetta a strappo 40, vincolata al tappo 10 tramite una porzione frangibile 41. The second tear-off seal comprises at least a second tear-off tab, in the example the tear-off tab 40, constrained to the cap 10 by means of a frangible portion 41.
La linguetta a strappo 40 presenta una porzione di presa 40a atta ad essere afferrata per strappare la linguetta a strappo 40. The tear tab 40 has a gripping portion 40a adapted to be grasped to tear off the tear tab 40.
Secondi mezzi di vincolo 42 sono previsti per vincolare la linguetta a strappo 40 al contenitore 2, in particolare al collo 4. Tali mezzi di vincolo 42 comprendono un risalto anulare ricavato internamente nella lingua a strappo 40 e destinato ad impegnarsi con un corrispondente risalto anulare 8 ricavato sul collo 4 del contenitore 2. Il tappo 10 risulta quindi vincolato al contenitore 2 tramite i mezzi di vincolo reversibili 21 e, attraverso la porzione frangibile 41, tramite i mezzi di vincolo 42 della linguetta a strappo 40. Second fastening means 42 are provided to fasten the tear tab 40 to the container 2, in particular to the neck 4. These fastening means 42 comprise an annular projection obtained internally in the tear tongue 40 and intended to engage with a corresponding annular projection 8 obtained on the neck 4 of the container 2. The cap 10 is therefore bound to the container 2 by means of the reversible fastening means 21 and, through the frangible portion 41, by the fastening means 42 of the tear-off tab 40.
Lo strappo della linguetta a strappo 40 determina il disimpegno dei mezzi di vincolo 42 dal contenitore 2 e la rottura della porzione frangibile 41 con conseguente separazione del tappo 10 dalla linguetta a strappo 40. The tearing of the tear-off tab 40 causes the disengagement of the fastening means 42 from the container 2 and the breaking of the frangible portion 41 with consequent separation of the cap 10 from the tear-off tab 40.
In accordo con una forma di realizzazione, la capsula 30 circonda esternamente almeno una porzione del secondo sigillo. Vantaggiosamente, la capsula 30 circonda esternamente almeno la porzione di presa 40a della linguetta a strappo 40. According to an embodiment, the capsule 30 externally surrounds at least a portion of the second seal. Advantageously, the capsule 30 externally surrounds at least the gripping portion 40a of the tear tab 40.
In particolare, nel caso in cui il primo sigillo a strappo à ̈ configurato per rimuovere, quando strappato, una porzione della capsula 30, ad esempio la porzione superiore 34b, la capsula 30 à ̈ configurata in modo che tale porzione superiore 34b da strappare circondi esternamente almeno la porzione di presa 40a della linguetta a strappo 40. In particular, in the case in which the first tear-off seal is configured to remove, when torn, a portion of the capsule 30, for example the upper portion 34b, the capsule 30 is configured in such a way that this upper portion 34b to be torn surrounds externally at least the gripping portion 40a of the tear tab 40.
Nel caso in cui il primo sigillo a strappo à ̈ configurato per rimuovere, quando strappato, la capsula 30, detta capsula 30 à ̈ configurata in modo da circondare esternamente almeno la porzione di presa 40a della linguetta a strappo 40. In the event that the first tear-off seal is configured to remove, when torn, the capsule 30, said capsule 30 is configured so as to externally surround at least the gripping portion 40a of the tear-off tab 40.
In accordo con una forma di realizzazione, la capsula 30 Ã ̈ configurata in modo da rendere visibile, in detta prima configurazione, almeno una porzione del secondo sigillo 40. According to an embodiment, the capsule 30 is configured in such a way as to make visible, in said first configuration, at least a portion of the second seal 40.
Nell'esempio mostrato nelle figure, una porzione del secondo sigillo 40 Ã ̈ visibile attraverso i due intagli 37,38 ricavati nel manicotto 34. In the example shown in the figures, a portion of the second seal 40 is visible through the two notches 37,38 made in the sleeve 34.
Qualora la capsula 30 sia priva degli intagli 37,38, il manicotto 34 può essere realizzato in materiale trasparente o presentare almeno una porzione trasparente disposta in modo tale da rendere visibile, nella prima configurazione, almeno una porzione del secondo sigillo 40. In accordo con una forma di realizzazione, i mezzi di fissaggio 31 di fissaggio della capsula 30 al contenitore 2 agiscono su elementi fissati al contenitore 2 e disposti tra la capsula 30 ed il contenitore 2. If the capsule 30 is devoid of the notches 37,38, the sleeve 34 can be made of transparent material or have at least one transparent portion arranged in such a way as to make visible, in the first configuration, at least a portion of the second seal 40. In accordance with one embodiment, the fastening means 31 for fixing the capsule 30 to the container 2 act on elements fixed to the container 2 and arranged between the capsule 30 and the container 2.
Nell'esempio delle figure da 1 a 6b, la linguetta a strappo 40 presenta una nervatura anulare 43 aggettante radialmente verso la capsula 30 la quale presenta un corrispondente risalto anulare 44 aggettante radialmente verso la linguetta a strappo 40. Nella prima configurazione, il risalto anulare 44 della capsula 30 impegna la nervatura anulare 43 della linguetta a strappo 40 così da fissare, tramite la linguetta a strappo 40, la capsula 30 al contenitore 2. In the example of Figures 1 to 6b, the tear tab 40 has an annular rib 43 projecting radially towards the capsule 30 which has a corresponding annular projection 44 projecting radially towards the tear tongue 40. In the first configuration, the annular projection 44 of the capsule 30 engages the annular rib 43 of the tear tab 40 so as to fix, by means of the tear tab 40, the capsule 30 to the container 2.
Nell'esempio delle figure da 7b a 9b, la fascia tubolare 23 dei mezzi di vincolo 20 un risalto anulare 23a aggettante radialmente verso la capsula 30 e destinato ad impegnare, nella prima configurazione, il corrispondente risalto anulare 44 della capsula 30. In the example of Figures 7b to 9b, the tubular band 23 of the fastening means 20 is an annular projection 23a projecting radially towards the capsule 30 and intended to engage, in the first configuration, the corresponding annular projection 44 of the capsule 30.
Si à ̈ quindi visto come la chiusura secondo la presente invenzione consenta di realizzare gli scopi sopra esposti. It has therefore been seen how the closure according to the present invention allows to achieve the objects set out above.
Ovviamente un tecnico del ramo, allo scopo di soddisfare esigenze contingenti e specifiche, potrà apportare numerose modifiche e varianti alle configurazioni sopra descritte. Obviously, a person skilled in the art, in order to satisfy contingent and specific needs, can make numerous modifications and variations to the configurations described above.
Per esempio, à ̈ chiaro che, a meno di impossibilità tecniche chiaramente evidenti, qualsiasi caratteristica descritta in una realizzazione preferita, può essere direttamente applicata ad un’altra realizzazione, con gli adattamenti del caso. For example, it is clear that, unless clearly evident technical impossibilities, any feature described in a preferred embodiment, can be directly applied to another embodiment, with appropriate adaptations.
Parimenti, eventuali interruzioni nella continuità degli elementi componenti la chiusura, possono essere realizzate, chiaramente a patto che esse non alterino le funzionalità dell’elemento in questione. Likewise, any interruptions in the continuity of the elements making up the closure can be made, clearly provided that they do not alter the functionality of the element in question.
Analogamente, le porzioni descritte come anulari o cilindriche potranno presentare leggere conicità dovute ad esigenze tecnologiche. Similarly, the portions described as annular or cylindrical may have slight tapers due to technological requirements.
Tutte le modifiche sono peraltro contenute nell'ambito di protezione dell'invenzione quale definito dalle seguenti rivendicazioni. All the modifications are however contained within the scope of protection of the invention as defined by the following claims.
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT000361A ITMI20120361A1 (en) | 2012-03-07 | 2012-03-07 | TAMPER-EVIDENT CLOSURE WITH RIPPED SEAL |
EP13720031.7A EP2822869B1 (en) | 2012-03-07 | 2013-02-26 | Tamper-evident closure with tear-off seal |
PCT/IB2013/051532 WO2013132384A1 (en) | 2012-03-07 | 2013-02-26 | Tamper-evident closure with tear-off seal |
ES13720031.7T ES2598854T3 (en) | 2012-03-07 | 2013-02-26 | Close tamper evidence with tear-off seal |
EA201400817A EA025981B1 (en) | 2012-03-07 | 2013-02-26 | Tamper-evident closure with tear-off seal |
CN201380009815.XA CN104136336B (en) | 2012-03-07 | 2013-02-26 | Tamper-evident closed component with avulsion seal |
UAA201408327A UA113973C2 (en) | 2012-03-07 | 2013-02-26 | LID WITH CONTROL OF FIRST OPENING WHICH HAS AN EXTRACTIVE SEAL |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT000361A ITMI20120361A1 (en) | 2012-03-07 | 2012-03-07 | TAMPER-EVIDENT CLOSURE WITH RIPPED SEAL |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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ITMI20120361A1 true ITMI20120361A1 (en) | 2013-09-08 |
Family
ID=45999986
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
IT000361A ITMI20120361A1 (en) | 2012-03-07 | 2012-03-07 | TAMPER-EVIDENT CLOSURE WITH RIPPED SEAL |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2822869B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104136336B (en) |
EA (1) | EA025981B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2598854T3 (en) |
IT (1) | ITMI20120361A1 (en) |
UA (1) | UA113973C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013132384A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
MX2016010338A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2016-11-30 | Closure Systems Int Inc | Improved tamper-evident closure. |
DE102014018155A1 (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2016-06-16 | Hsil Limited | Tamper-evident closure for an access opening of a container, in particular a bottle |
CN105540029A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-05-04 | 山东丽鹏股份有限公司 | Tearing type anti-fake safety bottle cap with elastically-deforming barb |
ITUA20161954A1 (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-09-25 | Liantonio Rosa | SWIVEL JOINT WITH HIGH MECHANICAL RESISTANCE |
GB2560198B (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2020-10-07 | Guala Closures Int B V | Tamper evident closure |
CN107758097B (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2024-02-13 | 曼盛包装(上海)有限公司 | Flip structure with prevent opening protection ring |
IT201900002515A1 (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2020-08-21 | Nicola Fabiano | LOCKING DEVICE FOR BOTTLES WITH IMPROVED ANTI-TAMPERING SYSTEM. |
JP2022551480A (en) | 2019-10-07 | 2022-12-09 | クロージャー・システムズ・インターナショナル・インコーポレーテッド | flip top closure |
IT202000031778A1 (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-06-22 | Guala Closures Spa | CLOSURE WITH TEAR SEAL |
USD996968S1 (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2023-08-29 | Closure Systems International Inc. | Closure |
USD996967S1 (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2023-08-29 | Closure Systems International Inc. | Closure |
Citations (6)
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FR1581775A (en) * | 1968-08-05 | 1969-09-19 | ||
US5373954A (en) * | 1993-03-19 | 1994-12-20 | Sunbeam Plastics Corporation | Tamper indicating closure |
US20020166873A1 (en) * | 2000-10-25 | 2002-11-14 | Staniszewski Joseph W. | Dispensing closure with tamper-evident sleeve |
ITMI20031795A1 (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2005-03-20 | Tapoplastic De Arandas S A De C V | CLOSING DEVICE FOR BOTTLES. |
WO2005092731A1 (en) * | 2004-03-09 | 2005-10-06 | Tapoplastic De Arandas S.A. De C.V. | Covering jacket for a closing device for bottles for alcoholic and strong alcoholic drinks |
EP1818272A1 (en) * | 2006-02-08 | 2007-08-15 | Guala Closures S.P.A. | Tamper-proof overcap for bottles |
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SE469938B (en) * | 1987-12-08 | 1993-10-11 | Duma Ab | Container Closure |
US4919286A (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1990-04-24 | Robert Linkletter Assoc. | Hinged closure and container |
ES2085232B1 (en) * | 1992-03-06 | 1998-11-01 | Ernst Herrmann | PLUG WITH GUARANTEE. |
ES2080647B1 (en) * | 1993-05-31 | 1998-05-01 | Formas Tecnicas S A | SEAL CAPSULE FOR BOTTLES AND SIMILAR. |
GB2285623B (en) | 1994-01-15 | 1998-01-21 | Montgomery Daniel & Son Ltd | Closure assembly for liquid container |
US20050035081A1 (en) * | 2003-08-12 | 2005-02-17 | Fitch Russell M. | Tamper resistant beverage bottle |
-
2012
- 2012-03-07 IT IT000361A patent/ITMI20120361A1/en unknown
-
2013
- 2013-02-26 CN CN201380009815.XA patent/CN104136336B/en active Active
- 2013-02-26 UA UAA201408327A patent/UA113973C2/en unknown
- 2013-02-26 ES ES13720031.7T patent/ES2598854T3/en active Active
- 2013-02-26 EA EA201400817A patent/EA025981B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-02-26 EP EP13720031.7A patent/EP2822869B1/en active Active
- 2013-02-26 WO PCT/IB2013/051532 patent/WO2013132384A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR1581775A (en) * | 1968-08-05 | 1969-09-19 | ||
US5373954A (en) * | 1993-03-19 | 1994-12-20 | Sunbeam Plastics Corporation | Tamper indicating closure |
US20020166873A1 (en) * | 2000-10-25 | 2002-11-14 | Staniszewski Joseph W. | Dispensing closure with tamper-evident sleeve |
ITMI20031795A1 (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2005-03-20 | Tapoplastic De Arandas S A De C V | CLOSING DEVICE FOR BOTTLES. |
WO2005092731A1 (en) * | 2004-03-09 | 2005-10-06 | Tapoplastic De Arandas S.A. De C.V. | Covering jacket for a closing device for bottles for alcoholic and strong alcoholic drinks |
EP1818272A1 (en) * | 2006-02-08 | 2007-08-15 | Guala Closures S.P.A. | Tamper-proof overcap for bottles |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
UA113973C2 (en) | 2017-04-10 |
WO2013132384A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 |
EP2822869A1 (en) | 2015-01-14 |
ES2598854T3 (en) | 2017-01-30 |
CN104136336B (en) | 2017-07-28 |
EA025981B1 (en) | 2017-02-28 |
EA201400817A1 (en) | 2014-11-28 |
EP2822869B1 (en) | 2016-07-20 |
CN104136336A (en) | 2014-11-05 |
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