IL49841A

IL49841A - Internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: IL49841A
Application number: IL49841A
Authority: IL
Original assignee: Green E
Priority date: 1973-09-25
Filing date: 1973-12-19
Publication date: 1977-05-31
Also published as: ES421671A1; IL43857A; IT1006139B; SE397564B; JPS5059608A; BR7309917D0; GB1447289A; CH592805A5; AU6387173A; JPS5213566B2; IL49841A0; DE2365830C3; FR2250383A5; NL162174B; DE2365830A1; GB1447290A; DE2363077A1; IE40312L; CA992462A; JPS52104609A

Description

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE n»»»iB ΠΒ'ΙΒ ya yiao The present invention concerns a ccstary internal combustion engine and in particular novel heat expansion means therefor.

In our copending patent application No.¾3837» an Internal combustion engine has been described and claimed which has novel arotary valve means and translation gear means.

One of the principal problems encountered with engines of this type was how to design for the lateral and radial expansion of the hot combustion chamber portion of the engine relative to the cooler gear and mechanical motion translation portion of the engine.

It is an object of the present invention to provide in internal combustion engines of our copending patent application No.43857 for the lateral and radial heat expansion of the combustion chamber portion of the engine relative to the cooler gear and mechanical motion translation portion of the engine.

A brief description of the igures of the drawings is given below. · « Figure 1 is a cross-section of a preferred embodiment taken along a vertical line generally through the central axis. For purposes of clarity the drive gear and main gear are shown in elevation* Figure 2 is an isometric drawing of the rectangular piston plate and the related fixed and moving parts.

Figure 3 is an isometric drawing of the connecting links* throw, drive gear, main gear and main shaft.

Figure is a vertical section taken generally along line A-A of Figure 1 looking in the direction indicated by the arrows showing the relationship between the connecting links, throw, drive gear, main gear and main shaft.

Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the arranges ment of the reotangular piston plate, the first and second linking means, the throw, drive gear and a portion of the engine block.

Figure 6 is a vertical section taken generall along line B-B of Figure 1 looking in the direction indicated by the arrows showing our combustion chambers arranged for dual firing In the various cycles of exhaust, fuel intake, compression and combustion-power.

Figure 7 is a vertioal section of another embodiment of the invention showing the same view of the engine as shown in Figure 6 in which embodiment the engine is arranged for single firing in each combustion chamber.

Figure 8 is a vertical section taken generally alon line C-C of Figure 1 looking in the direction indicated by the arrows showing a view of surface k6& of the translation case 46.

Figure 9 is a vertioal eeotion taken generally along line D-D of Fgure i looking in the direction Indicated by the arrows showing a view of surface 27a of the first oircular disc 27.

Figure 10 s a detailed' cross-section of Figures 8 and 9 taken generally along lines E and F respectively* Figure 11 is a vertical section taken through the center line of sha t 2. the The operatio of/ engine brie ly described is as follows. After completion of the combustion power cycle the piston plates oscillate back towards a port which has just been opened by the exhaust groove of the rotary valve such that the spent combustion gases are expelled throug the open port and the exhaust groove* The opened port closes at the end of the exhaust cycle and then' opens to permit fuel-air mixture to enter through the open port and the inlet groove in the rotary valve during the Intake cycle whioh follows. During the fuel intake cycle, the reotangular piston plates move away from the open port to draw the fuel air mixture through the port and into the combustion chambers* After the fuel intake cycle, the port is closed by the rotary valve. The plates then oscillate towards the now closed port to compress the fuel air mixture* t the proper time the compressed mixture will be ignited by ignitioa^oana which starts the combus lon^power cycle causing the piston plates to oscillate away from the closed port. After completion of the combustion power cycle, the port is again opened by the exhaust groove in the rotary valve and the piston plates oscillate towards the opened port to exhaust the combustion gases through the port and the exhaust groove. The four cycles then begin again.

While a detailed description is given in the copendii^ application, a more general description with reference to the drawings follows herelnunder to illustrate the disposition and operation of the novel heat expansion means according to the present invention* Figure 1 is an expanded side view taken through a vertical section along the central axis of the engine. Figure 1 shows the overall construction of the engine including the translation case or gear case 46, the engine block 26 and combustion chambers 16, the piston plate 1 and shaft 2 , ' ' ' linking means 6 and ?» drive gear 12 , main gear 21, main , shaft 22 and the rotary valve 33.

In the operation of the engine a fuel air mixture is fed through inlet 42 and the combustion products expelled through exhaust outlet 40.

Looking from left to right at the drawing, bolts 60 fixedly oonnect end disc 49 to translation case 46. End disc 49 nas Integral therewith cylindrical hub 5 through which mai shaft 22 passes. Suitable oil sealing means, not shown, ; ; are provided between end disc 49 and the translation case 46.

I Shaft 22 is integral with or fixedly connected to flange 57 and main gear 21 is fixedly connected to flange 57 by drive dowels 58 and bolts 59. Flange 57 may be made as part o mai shaft 22 or may be made separately and welded or otherwise fixedly attached to shaft 22 * Shaft 22 passes through engine block 26, rotary valve 33 end end plate 38. A first circular disc 27 and a second circular disc 28 are fixedly connected t engine blook 26 by suitable bolts, not shown.

Shaft 2 which is Integral with the piston plate 1 is Ό supported by end plate 4 » translation case 46* first olrcular disc 27 » engine block 26 and second circular disc 28.

The end plate 38 is fixedly connected to the second circular disc 28 by bolts 77 and is integral with cylindrical hub 3♦ The lover portion of the second olrcular dis028 and end plate 38 have attached thereto legs 78 for securing the combustion chambers and rotary valve portion of the engine to a suitable base 86V e.g., an engine mount. The portions of the engine indicated as 89 in cooperation with suitable bolt means secure the translation or gear case portion of the engine to base 86.

The rotary valve 33 s positioned between the second circular disc 28 and the end plate 38* The main shaft 22 is connected to the rotary va ve 33 by four connecting pins 79 a d rotates with the rotary valve and relative to the second circular disc 28 and end plate 38. The pins 79 are fre i standing in the main shaft 22 and allow radial expansion of the rotary valve 33* Cylindrical collar 23 is a metal heat shield which protects the main shaft 22 from the heat of the combustion chambers 16. Annular oil space 24 provides lubrication and annfilar air space 25 provides heat insulation and protection for the main shaft 22 from the heat of the combustion chambers 16. End plate 38 on the right end of main shaft 22 has passing therethrough fuel inlet port 42 and outlet port 40. Oil seal 60 prevents leakage of oil from around the main shaft 22.

The rotary valve 33 cooperates with the second circular disc 28 and the end plate 38 to provide inlet means for the fuel end air mixture to the combustion chambers and an bi- φ exhaust means for the combustion/products by at the prope time and i the proper sequence opening and closing parte 32, 31, 30 and 29· The walls of combustion chamber 16 are formed by the inner wall surface 27a of the first oiroular disc 27, the inner wall surace 28a of the second oiroular disc 28, the surfaces of the engine block 26 o the surfaces of piston plate 1· The rectangular piston plate 1 is Integrally connected and hinged to shaft 2, which shaft Is in turn fixedly connected to a first linkin means 6. The piston plate 1, shaft 2 and irst linking means are movably connected to a second linking means 7» throw 9 and drive gear 12 whereby the oscillatory motion of the piston plate is changed into a rotary motion of the drive gear 12. The drive gear 12 is movably connected to shaft 13 by bearin means 55* Shaft 13 is fixedly connected to translation case 46. Throw 9 and drive gear 12 are fixedly connected and rotate together around the axis of shaf 13. / The rectangular piston plates 1 oscillate with shaft 2 in combustion chambers 16. Shaft 2 is supported by bearing means 45 in translation case 46 and is sealed by oil seal means . Bearin means 45 orms .a thrust face 53 which seats In a recess formed in translation case 46. Shaft 2 is also supported by bearing 48 which seats in a recess ormed in en disc 4 · Thrust bearing raceways 61 arid trhust bearing 62, thrust bearing raceways 63 and thrust bearing 6k and thrust bearing raceways 65 and thrust bearing 66 provide support and bearing means or main sha t 22 and mai shaft 22 rotates on the bearings.

Assocket for raceway 6l is formed in the hub 56 portion o end disc k9\ « socket for raceway 63 is formed in translation case 46, and a socket for raceway 65 is formed in the hub k3 portion of end plate 38. A small shoulder 69 formed on main shaft 22 locates washer 67 for cooperation with thrust bearing 62. Flange 57 positions thrust bearing 6k , Thrust bearing 62 and washer 67 in cooperation with thrust bearing 6k and flange 57 prevent lateral movement of shaft 22 in translation case k6.

The inside of the translation case k6 is filled with oil to cool and lubricate the moving parts. The oil is supplied through oil inlet port 73 and passes through and around the moving parts including link 6, link 7» throw 9, drive gear 12 and main gear 21 and leaves the translation case, through oil outlet port 76· The cooling and lubricating oil is in a sealed system and the oil is not exposed to the atmosphere or combustions gases. The warm oil is cooled externally by suitable heat exchange means and recycled to the engine.

Figures 2 and 3 - ' » There are two parts, part 3a and 3b to shaft 2. Shaft 2 is fixedly connected to link 6 by key 51. There are two legs to link 6. Shaft 19 passes through the two legs and through link 7, operably connecting link 6 to link 7. Shaft 19 is fixedly connected to link 6 by pin 54. Bearing means 17 provides a movable connecting means between shaft 19 and link 7. Shaft 14 is integral with throw 9 and extends through link 7. Link 7 is movably connected by bearing means 18 to shaft 14. Throw 9 is fixedly connected to drive gear 12, by hexagonal portion 15 of gear 12 which is inserted in the recess in the surface of throw 9. Shaft 13 extends through throw 9 and drive gear 12 and is fixedly connected to the translation case 46. Shaft 13 is movably connected to throw 9 and gear 12 by suitable bearing means 55.

The fixed relationship of rectangular piston plate 1, shaft 2 and connecting link 6 and the movable relationship of these parts with link 7, throw 9 and gear 12 causes the oscillatory motion of the rectangular piston plate back and forth in the combustion chamber 16 to be translated or changed into rotary motion of drive gear 12. Drive gear 12, see Figure 5, rotates in a clockwise direction. The drive gear 12 drives against main gear 21 and causes the main gear 21 and main shaf 22 to which it is fixedly connected to rotate together in a - ce to the rotary ation is counter¬ n its side edges d bearing means 20 ns can be pressed n. oss-section taken g in the direction nship between the ar 12, main gear 21 translation case haft 13, throw 9 to the translation aft 13 on bearing rotation of main direction. tailed view of the 1, shaft 2, linking and drive gear 12. aring means 17 to of bearing means 1 Figure 6 - Figure 6 is a vertical section taken 2 generally along line B-B of Figure 1 looking in the direction 3 indicated by the arrows showing four chambers 16 arranged for 4 dual firing in the various cycles of exhaust (position A), 5 fuel intake (position B) , compression (position C) and ό combustion-power (position D) . r 7 This, figure shows the inner wall surfaces β 26a of engine block 26, the surfaces of the piston plate 1 and 9 the inner wall surface 28a of the second circular disc 28 which 0 form walls of the combustion chambers. The drawing also shows 1 in cross-section a view of the rectangular piston plate 1, 2 shaft 2, insulating metal heat shield 23, and annular oil 3 lubricating space 24, heating insulating space 25 and main 4 shaft 22. 5 The ignition means 36, the piston plate 1 and the 6 channels 29 (a, b) , 30 (a, b), 31 (a,b) and 32 (a,b) are in the 7 engine block 26. The second circular disc 28 is under engine 8 block 26 and piston plate 1. The openings 37 are in the 9 second circular' disc 28. The ports 29, 30, 31 and 32 are 0 also in the second circular disc 28. 1 The ports 29, 30, 31 and 32 communicate with the 2 chambers 16, and the ignition means 36 through the channel 3 means 29(a,b), 30(a,b), 31(a,b) and 32 (a, b), respectively. The 4 ignition 36 means is located in about the center of chamber 16 The rotary valve 33 is under the second circular disc 28 and contains the exhaust groove 35 and inlet groove 34. The exhaust groove 35 and the fuel inlet groove 34 are about the same size and shape and are radially about the same distance from the center axis of the engine.

The exhaust groove 35 extends into the surface of rotary valve 33 but does not extend through rotary valve 33. Exhaust groove 35b is radially offset from groove 35. Exhaust groove 35b extends into the surface of the rotary valve on the side opposite groove 35, but does not extend through rotary valve 33. Grooves 35 and 35b communicate with each- other through connecting channel 35a. The inlet groove 34 extends completely through the rotary valve 33.

Figure 7 - Figure 7 is a vertical section of another embodiment of the invention showing essentially the same view of the engine as shown in Figure 6 . The engine, however, is arranged for single firing in each combustion chamber instead of dual firing. The operation of the engine except for the . single firing is otherwise similar to that described above for the dual firing embodiment. The principal difference in structure is that the channels, 29a, 30a, 31a and 32a have been omitted. This prevents communication between chambers 16, on the side of the piston plates from which the channels have been omitted, with ignition means 36, ports 29 , 30, 31 and 32 movement of the piston plates in the side of the combustion chamber that does not fire, by allowing gas to vent in and out of the non-firing portion of the chamber. The vent 74 also provides a means for venting and collecting any blow-by gases from the combustion chambers 1G. The collected gases, to reduce air pollution, can be recycled to the fuel intake means and burned.

Figure 8 - Figure 8 is a vertical section taken generally along the line C-C of Figure 1 looking in the direction indicated by the arrows and showing a view of surface 46a of translation case 46. The main shaft 22 passes through circular opening 70. The shaft 2 passes through opening 71. Annular space 24 is filled with oil and provides lubrication for shaft 22. Expansion and support members 72 are bolted into the surface 46a of translation case 46. These expansion members have a tight sliding fit and cooperate with the expansion members 81 (Fig. 9) and allow longitudinal expansion and radial expansion of the hot engine block 26 portion of the engine relative to the cooler translation case 46 portion of. the engine.

Figure 9 - Figure ? is a vertical section taken generally along line D-D of Figure 1 looking in the direction indicated by the arrows showing a view and surface 27b of the first circular disc 27. The main shaft 22 passes through circular opening 83 and shaft 2 passes through opening 82.

Expansion and support members 81 eire bolted into the surface 27b of the first circular disc 27." The expansion members have a tight sliding fit and cooperate with the expansion members 72 (Fig. 8) and allow longitudinal expansion and radial expansion of the hot engine block 26 portion of the engine relative to the cooler, translation case 46 portion of the eng ine .

Figure 10 - Figure 10 is a detailed view of Figures B and 9 taken generally along line E and F, respec ively. Frc:n this figure of the drawings, the longitudinal and radial heat expansion means can be more easily seen and understood.

Figure 11 is a detailed view of the connecting means and expansion means provided for shaft 2. Shaft 2 can, in order to allow for heat expansion, be made in two parts, 3a and 3b. A two piece grease coupling 47a is provided for retention of lubrication of the end portions 3a and 3b. The coupling is spring loaded to allow lateral and radial heat expansion of the tongue 4 and groove 5 end portions. Shaft 2 has packing and oil seal gland 47 which sits in the wall of translation case 46. Seal 47 prevents seepage of oil from

Claims

C L A I M S

1. An internal combustion engine comprising an engin^ block (26) containing at least one combustion chamber (16) and a translation gear case (46), means which oscillate back and forth (1) in said combustion chamber (16) , a shaft (2) fixedly connected to said oscillating means (1) and a main shaft (22) carried by said engine block (26) , characterized in that the translation gear case (46) is spaced away from the combustion chamber (16) and is disposed adjacent only a single side of the combustion chamber (16) , and heat expansion means (72, 81) provide radial and lateral heat expansion of portions of the engine block (26) and combustion chamber (16) relative to portions of the translation gear case (46) , means in the translation gear case (46) operably connecting the oscillating means (1) and shaft (2) to the main shaft (22) , whereby during the combustion power cycle the oscillatory motion of said oscillating means (1) is transmitted and converted to rotary motion of the main shaft (22) .

2. The internal combustion engine of claim 1 characteriz in that the engine block (26) contains a rotary valve means (33) said combustion chamber (16) has inlet and outlet means (29),' , said rotary valve means (33) having inlet (34) and outlet means (35) , the combustion chamber (16) inlet and outlet means (29) being operably connected to the rotary valve inlet (34) and out let means (35) , such that during the oscillatory motion of the oscillating means (1) and the rotary motion of the rotary valve means (33), the respective inlet and outlet means are in turn brought into communication, and the?? main shaft (22) being connected to the rotary valve means (33) , whereby rotation of the main shaft ( 2 2 ) causes rotation of the rotary valve means (33) .

3. The internal combustion engine of either claim.* 1· or 2 characterized in that the oscillating means comprise a _ piston plate (1) which oscillates back and forth in said combustion chamber (16) , a shaft (2) fixedly connected to one end of the piston plate (1) and operably connected to said engine block (26) , said translation gear means (46) including a first linking means (6) fixedly connected to the piston plate shaft (2) , a second linking means (7) operably connected to said first linking means (6) , a crank throw (9) , a drive gear (12) and a main gea (21) , the main gear (21) being connected to the main shaft (22) , said crank throw (9) and drive gear (12) being operably connected to said linking means (7), whereby the oscillatory motion of. the piston plate (1) is transmitted through s^aid piston plate shaft (2) and first (6) and second linking (7) means and crank throw (9) and is converted to rotary motion of said drive gear (12) which drives against said main gear (21) causing said main gear (21) and main shaft (22) to rotate .

4. The internal combustion engine of claim 1 characterized in that the engine block (26) contains at least two combustion - chambers (16) .

5. The internal combustion engine of claim 1 characterized in that the engine block (26) contains at least four combustion chambers (16) .

6. The internal combustion engine of claim 1 characterized in that each combustion chamber (16) has an inlet and outlet mean (29a) on only one side of the oscillating means and is adapted fo single firing.

7. The internal combustion engine of claim 1 characterized in that each combustion chamber (16) has an inlet and outlet means (29a, 32b) on each side of the oscillating means (1) and ίε adapted for dual firing.

8. The internal combustion engine of claim 1 characterized in that the engine block (26) is fixedly connected to first (27) and second (28) circular discs and the translation gear case (46) has a wall (46a) adjacent to the first circular disc (27) , in which engine the inner wall surfaces (27a, 28a) of the first (27) and second (28) circular discs form walls of the combustion chamber (16), the outer wall (27b) of the first circular disc (27) and the adjacent wall (46a) of the translation gear case (46) contain cooperating means (72, 81)^to allow for radial and longitudinal heat expansion of portions of the engine block (26) and combustion chamber (16) relative to portions of the translation gear case (46) .

9. The internal combustion engine of claim 1 characterized in that the translation gear case (46) is sealed from the atmosphere except for oil lubricating inlet (75) and outlet means (76) and in which lubricating oil is not brought into contact ,with hot combustion gases.

10. The internal combustion engine of claim 2 characterized in that the combustion chamber (16) contains a port (29) which is in operable relitionship with the rotary valve (33) , one side of the rotary valve (33) contains, displaced about the same radial distance as the port (29), a first exhaust groove (35) , and a fuel inlet groove (34) and rotation of the rotary valve (33) brings the exhaust groove (35) and inlet groove (34) , in turn, into communication with the port (29) and the combustion chamber (16) .

11. , The internal combustion engine of claim 10 cnaracterized in that the. rotary valve (33) has a first exhaust groove (35^ on one side and a second exhaust groove (35b) , radially spaced from the first exhaust groove (35) , on the opposite side and a connect-ing passage (35a) connecting the first (35) and a second exhaust groove (35b) .

12. The internal combustion engine of claim 10 characterized in that the engine has at one end an end plate (38), the end plate (38) contains an annular exhaust ring (39) and an annular fuel inlet ring (41) and the annular exhaust (39) and fuel (41) rings are in communication with the rotary valve outlet (35) and inlet (34) means, respectively . Tel-Aviv, December 17, 1973. AGENT FOR APPLICANT