IL146102A - Electrical radiant heating device and method of its manufacture - Google Patents
Electrical radiant heating device and method of its manufactureInfo
- Publication number
- IL146102A IL146102A IL146102A IL14610201A IL146102A IL 146102 A IL146102 A IL 146102A IL 146102 A IL146102 A IL 146102A IL 14610201 A IL14610201 A IL 14610201A IL 146102 A IL146102 A IL 146102A
- Authority
- IL
- Israel
- Prior art keywords
- heating
- profile
- insert
- inserts
- flexible
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
- B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
- H05B3/36—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heating conductor embedded in insulating material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/003—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/005—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple resistive elements or resistive zones isolated from each other
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/032—Heaters specially adapted for heating by radiation heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/033—Heater including particular mechanical reinforcing means
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
Description
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Electrical Radiant Heating Device and
Method of its Manufacture
2 Τ9Ώ l ra ,ΊΟ Ώ ΠΓ Κ :
.ΠΤ93 ΊΙΓΚ ,aiD T? Π]ΊΤΝ iD^iTXTlT]
Owners of invention: IrinaLoktev, IgorPapirov,
Inventors: Irina Loktev, Igor Papirov
ELECTRICAL RADIANT HEATING DEVICE AND METHOD
OF ITS MANUFACTURE
The present invention generally relates to the area of electric heating elements, intended for radiant heating of premises, baseboards, heating of walls etc. These heating devices may be used in domestic, industrial and agricultural installations.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Previously known heating device, based on metal foil heating element, is disclosed in US Patent 4,659,906. The described heater is intended for infrared radiation and operates at the temperature range 800 - 1000°C, which determines choice of special materials for the heater substrate. Thus, this heater relates to other class of heaters. Its heating element is made by etching and therefore it has limited small dimensions.
US Patent 5,624,750 proposes a low temperature heating element etched from metal alloy and embedded or sandwiched between two layers of thermoplastic adhesive, which encapsulate the heating element. Patent proposes also the original method of object assembly.
US Patent 4,797,537 and European patent 0175662 also propose foil heating elements made by etching or punching technologies.
All elements, made by above-mentioned technologies, have limited sizes and small surface area.
US Patent 4,574,186 proposed "a heating sheet, in which protective covers are laminated to both surfaces of a heating element", In this design the protective covers, comprising thermoplastic resin, such as PVC or the like, are hot-pressed from both outer surfaces for air-tight insulation.
In US Patent 3603764 a heating panel for rooms heating is described. The panel contains an electric heating element embedded in the heating panel, wherein one side is formed from heat conducting material, and other side is formed from heat insulating material.
US Patent 5138134 proposes a wall hanging heating panel, comprising a front decorative panel, a layer of electro-insulating heat conductive material, a heating element, including a layer of graphite fabric, and a backing panel.
All above described heating devices are manufactured or by hot-press technology or by mechanical mounting. Both the hot-press technology and mechanical mounting foresee manufacturing of single plates in non-continuous process. Manufacturing process of described heating devices is characterized by low productiveness.
Besides, such heaters have a limited scope of practical application and a limited size and shape.
The present invention, therefore, aims to obtain an universal heating device with unlimited dimensions and multitude forms and also to create production of heating panels and profiles with very high productiveness, with the added benefit of an increased life-span and the highest reliability.
All these goals can be attained using the proposed new electric heating devices.
SAMMARY OF THE INVENTIONS
The present invention describes a new electric heating device, construction of which is formed in a result of pultrusion process. Fiberglass reinforced plastics profile, received during pultrusion process, serves as a watertight shell for a heating element. The properties, such as high mechanical strength, high electrical strength and heat resistance, do this group of plastics by excellent materials for heating devices, used for radiant heating. Besides, using of pultrusion process allows to create continuous process for manufacturing of radiant heating panels and profiles and to provide high productivity.
Described heating devices comprise a flexible heating element, which consists of a thin resistance ribbon, arranged between layers of fiberglass mat or mesh. Resistance ribbon has electrical terminals on its ends. This sandwich forms the heating insert, which is used as one of reinforced materials for fiberglass reinforced plastics profile, used as a plastics shell.
The heating insert is disposed between other reinforcing fiberglass materials and is incorporated into said plastics profile during the pultrusion process. Using of pultrusion technology provides high quality of impregnation of our heating insert by polymer resins and firm cohesion of whole composite material. Such material has high steadiness to temperature deformations, high reliability and life span.
Obtained in result of pultrusion process continuous plastics profile or panel contains multitude inserts. Length of the inserts and profiles is limited by length of a workshop and may reach ten and more meters. The profile is cut in places between inserts, such that terminals of the inserts are disposed about cut edges of said profile. The cut edges of the profile must be sealed. Simultaneously electrical terminals must be extracted from profile composite and brought out for connection with power supply or other profile. Therefore, blank flanges are disposed on the edges of pultruded rigid plastic profile. The flanges realize also mechanical fastening to walls.
Material, used for the heating insert, incorporated into a plastic shell, must provide even distribution of temperature on plastic surface. Absence of temperature concentration prevents plastics destroying in result of overheat, essentially increases reliability and life span of heating devices. For these insert may be used thin metal foil with high electrical resistance, high mechanical strength and plasticity.
In the present invention the heating ribbon is made of a high strength high electrical resistance foil with thickness starting from 10 microns, made of high resistance alloy, for example, alloy containing iron, chromium, aluminium.
Excellent reinforcing material, used for fiber reinforced plastics, is carbon fibers. Therefore, the present invention proposes the heating device with a heating element, which comprises carbon roving, which is simultaneously one of reinforced plastics material. All rovings are disposed along the heating element and are divided one from other. In zone of ends of the heating element all rovings are covered by film. The film has no adhesion with resin (matrix) in pultrusion process and has a melting temperature more than 200°C. After pultrusion process, zone of rovings, which was covered by the film, are easily extracted from profile and are connected between them in electrical scheme, forming the terminals of heating element.
The present invention proposes also the heating device with a heating element, which comprises carbon fabric and also serves as excellent reinforcing material. In this case, zones of the fabric about ends of the heating element are covered by film. This film has no adhesion with resin (matrix) in pultrusion process and has a melting temperature more than 200°C. Zone of the fabric under the film is easily extracted from profile. This zone of the fabric contains woven or stitched electro-conductive filament-threads, which
are used as terminals of heating element.
The present invention proposes some patterns of the inserts. The simplest insert
consists of some separate heating elements, and each such element is finished by
terminals. In other case the insert contains bus-bars, made of electro-conductive flexible
metal ribbons, and flexible resistor ribbon. These bus-bars are disposed along of the
insert. The resistor ribbon forms multitude of heating sections. Each of the heating
sections is connected with said bus-bars in parallel, forming continuous flexible heating
strip, which may be cut after each section in dependence on required electrical power
and length. In such structures the bus-bars can form two pairs of terminals from two
sides of the heating panel or profile for connections of several heating devices one to
other and with power supply.
In accordance with the present invention the heating profile has blank flanges on
every side. The main destination of these flanges is sealing of cut edges of the plastics
profile in order to prevent water absorption through cut surface and to except influence
of water absorption on dielectric strength of the heating device. The present invention
proposes example of design of the heating device, wherein the blank flange has slots, and
the slots have size and form, coinciding with transversal cross section of the heating
profile. The cut edges of the profile are fit into the slots and sealed by polymer,
providing waterproof ess of the device. The blank flanges are intended also for
mechanical fastening to walls and electrical connections between inserts and power
source.
The pultruded profile may have a complicated form. In accordance with present
invention, complicated profile may contain two and more inserts, which are incorporated
into different sides of the profile. In this case the following condition must be fulfilled
during pultrusion process: all inserts pass pultrusion die synchronously, i.e. beginning
position and ending position of each of incorporated inserts coincide on a length of said
profile.
The heating devices may be constructed in different forms, sizes and electrical
power. Such structures consist of several profiles, united by the flanges, disposed on
every side of the heating device. The flange contains several slots, one by one for each
profile. The slots have dimensions and form, coinciding with transversal cross section
of the profiles. Every profile is introduced into its slot. The profiles are arranged with space, providing improved air circulation. The terminals of inserts are connected between them in parallel or serially.
Forming of optimum disposition of profiles in assembly, favorable for economical heat distribution, allow to optimize heat flow, to influence on temperature distribution in a heated premise, to increase effectiveness of heating device and to reach energy saving.
In accordance with the present invention the assemblies can be joined in a block. The block design allows to obtain multitude heaters with various forms and sizes on base one - two type of the profile. Assemblies may be joined longitudinally, forming block - baseboard. Assemblies may be joined also in a radiant heating panel. Special pins and sockets, disposed on assembly blank-flanges, provide above-mentioned mechanical joining. The flanges have holes inside said mechanical connectors (pins and sockets) for passing of electrical cables.
The present invention proposes also yet one solution of the heating device, based on pultrusion technology. In accordance with this solution, the heating device contains a single- line heating ribbon, disposed between two stripes of fiberglass mat or mesh. The single-line heating ribbon and fiberglass substrate together form the heating insert in a shape of flexible stripe, which is incorporated in plastics profile during pultrusion process. Ends of the heating ribbon are joined with electro-conductive terminals. Manufacturing of such insert is greatly simpler. After pultrusion process the heating profile has a shape of a long continuous toolbar.
Described heating device is very long profile, which may be used, for example, as a baseboard.
The present invention discloses the methods of manufacturing of described heating profiles and panels. These methods use known pultrusion technological process for manufacturing of usual plastics profiles. However, process of making of described heating profiles has some peculiarities. Heating insert must be incorporated into a die of pultrusion machine between of reinforced fiberglass and glass mat. Quantity and distribution of the reinforcing materials on every side of insert is defined by conditions of mechanical and dielectric strength of the heating plastic profile. Such conditions are:
sufficient wetting of the heating insert together with rovings and glass mat, impregnating of heating insert and glass mat layers by liquid resin and uniform distribution of reinforcing materials on the heating insert surface. It is desirably also that distribution of reinforcing materials on every side of insert is the same.
Method of manufacturing of heaters comprises the following steps:
a) Coiling of a continuous flexible heating insert, consisting of plurality heating elements, on bobbins;
b) Impregnating of the flexible heating insert by liquid resin in bath together with other reinforcing materials;
c) Feeding of the flexible heating insert in a slot of additional infeed plate before pultrusion machine;
d) Pre-positioning of the impregnated insert between layers of reinforcing glass mat and roving such, that the glass materials are disposed on two sides of the heating insert;
e) Feeding of the flexible heating insert together with reinforcing materials in a die of pultrusion machine, forming the shape of a profile, and forming a heating rigid plastics profile during continuous pultrusion process in this die;
f) Cutting of the heating rigid continuous plastic profile in places between heating elements of the heating insert;
g) Mounting of one or more cut heating profiles in a heating device.
The present invention discloses also the methods of heaters manufacturing for intricate multi-sided profiles with several heating sides. In this case several heating inserts are incorporated into the profile, one on the chosen profile side. This method comprises the following additional steps:
a) Feeding additional flexible heating inserts to additional slots of said infeed plate before pultrusion machine;
b) Pre-positioning of each of said impregnated inserts between layers of reinforcing glass mat and roving such, that said glass materials are disposed on two sides of said heating inserts;
c) Synchronous feeding of all flexible heating inserts together with reinforcing materials to a die of pultrusion machine, such that beginnings and ends of each inserts coincide, and each flexible heating insert is introduced into one of sides of said profile; d) Forming a heating multi-sided rigid plastics profile during continuous
pultrusion process in said die;
e) cutting of said heating rigid continuous plastic profile into profiled heating units and said cutting is made in places between heating elements of said heating inserts; f) Mounting of said profiled heating units in a heating device by introducing of said unit into slots in said boxes and gluing together of profiled heating unit and the boxes on its ends.
The present invention provides technical solutions, which are innovative and capable of meeting the requirements for their application. The technical solutions are fit for industrial production, and as formulated in the present patent application, constitute a coherent invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Other advantages of the present invention will be readily appreciated, as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein:
Fig.l is schematic top plan view of pultruded plastics profile with incorporated heating insert on base of metal ribbon in accordance with the present invention;
Fig.2 is schematic top plan view of pultruded plastics profile with incorporated heating insert and with a cap on its end in accordance with the present invention;
Fig.3 is schematic top plan view of a heating element on base of carbon roving in accordance with the present invention;
Fig.4 is schematic top plan view of a heating element on base of carbon fabric in accordance with the present invention;
Fig. 5 is scheme of a heating element with multitude parallel heating sections for heating profiles;
Fig. 6 is schematic view of pultruded plastics radiant heating panel;
Fig.7 is schematic view of pultruded plastics profile with two incorporated heating
inserts;
Fig.8 is schematic view of a blank flange for one pultruded plastics profile with two incorporated heating inserts;
Fig.9 is schematic view of a flange for assembly of rectangular shape, consisting of two pultruded plastics profiles;
Fig.10 is schematic view of an assembly of triangular shape, consisting of two pultruded plastics profiles;
Fig.11 is schematic view of a flange for assembly of triangular shape, consisting of two pultruded plastics profiles;
Fig.12 is schematic view of a flange for assembly, consisting of several pultruded plastics profiles;
Fig.13 is schematic view of a flange for assembly, consisting of several otherwise directional pultruded plastics profiles;
Fig.14 is schematic view of a block, containing two joined longitudinally assemblies, consisting of two pultruded plastics profiles;
Fig.15 is schematic view of an angle block, consisting of two assemblies, consisting of two pultruded plastics profiles;
Fig.16 is schematic view of a block, consisting of two assemblies, one on other;
Fig.17 is schematic view of an assembly, consisting of multitude single- line pultruded plastics profiles.
Fig.18 is schematic view of a machine for manufacturing of heating plastics profiles.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Fig.l illustrates a pultruded plastics profile 1 with incorporated heating insert 20. Conditionally upper part of the profile is not shown. The insert consists of the substrate 2 made of fiberglass mesh or mat. A heating ribbon 3 from metal foil is disposed on the substrate. The heating ribbon is joined with bus-bars 4 by soldering or welding in places 5. Terminal of the heating element may be made from wires 6, which have high temperature insulation with operating temperature not less than 200°C. Such insulation does not destroy in the pultrusion die. Besides, this insulation has no adhesion with matrix of profile. For example, polytetrafluoroethylene insulation may be used. These
wires connect with bus-bars by soldering in places 7. The profile is cut in zones 8 about ends of heating insert. The wires turn up such, that they may be easily extracted from profile after cutting. Unbended wires 6 are shown on Fig. 2.
Other design anticipates terminals of heating elements as bus-bars. In this case the bus-bars may be extracted from profile by milling tools. Wires are soldered after cutting.
Fig.l and Fig.2 show the heating element, created on base of metal foil. The foil is made of the alloy with high strength, high plasticity and high electrical resistance. Thickness of the foil is chosen starting from 10 microns. This thickness provides high surface resistance of the heating material and allows to create heaters in large range of dimensions: from 0.02 m2 to tens square meters for voltage from 3V up to 230V. Specific power of heaters also may be chosen in large range: from 20 W/m2 to 1200 W/ m2. Upper limit is determined by operating temperature of used polymer for matrix.
Fig.3 shows a heating element, made on base of carbon rovings 12. Carbon roving is excellent reinforcing material, used equally with fiberglass material. Carbon roving is characterized by high impregnation ability, which provides high quality of composite material. This fact provides absence of air cavities inside plastics profile and prevents its exfoliation. But above-mentioned high impregnation ability embarrasses to extract these rovings from ready profile for electrical connection. Therefore, part of rovings about cutting zones 8 must be covered by polymer film 13, which have operating temperature not less than 200°C. Such film does not destroy in the pultrusion die. Besides, this film has no adhesion with matrix of profile. For example, polytetrafluoroethylene film may be used. After cutting of the profile, rovings are easily extracted from profile composite and connect in electrical scheme. For relief of roving incorporation in plastics profile during pultrusion process the rovings may be interlaced with an additional net with large holes (this net does not shown in the drawings).
Fig.4 illustrates the heating device, where the heating element is made from carbon fabric 14. Carbon fabric also is reinforcing material, which is characterized by high impregnation ability. In zone of ends of the heating element the fabric is covered by film 13, which have no adhesion with resin (matrix) in pultrusion process and which has a melting temperature not less than 200°C. The carbon fabric contains also woven or stitched electro-conductive filament-threads 15 on ends of the heating element, which
serve as electrical terminals.
Ready heating device comprises, besides the heating profile, blank flanges on ends
of the profiles. These flanges are intended for sealing of profile cut edges, mechanical
fastening to walls and electrical connections between inserts and power source. Fig. 2
illustrates one of possible designs of the heating device. In accordance with this design,
the blank flange 9 has slot 10, which has size and form, coinciding with transversal cross
section of the heating profile 1. Ends of the profile are fit into the slot 10. The wires 6
pass the blank flange 9 through openings for the wires. The profile and wires, fitted in
slot, are sealed by polymer, providing waterproofness of the device. Wires 6, being by
electrical terminal of the heating element, are connected with a connector 11, disposed on
other side of the blank flange 9.
Fig. 5 illustrates one of patterns of the inserts. The insert, which consists of some
separated heating elements, is shown in Fig. 1. In Fig. 5 continuous insert 21 with great
0 number of heating elements contains bus-bars 17, and heating ribbon 18. The bus-bars
are disposed along of the insert. The heating ribbon is also disposed along of the insert. I* Such disposition is convenient for narrow profiles. The resistor ribbon forms multitude
of heating sections 19. Each of the heating sections is connected with said bus-bars in
parallel, forming continuous flexible heating strip, which may be cut after each section
in dependence on required electrical power and length.
Fig. 6 illustrates the heating panel 22 with heating insert 21. The insert has two
pairs of terminals 23 for connection with other panels and with power supply.
The heating pultruded profile may have a compound form. In this case several
inserts are incorporated into different sides of the profile. Fig. 7 shows examples of such
design. Inserts 20 or 21 are incorporated into plastics profile 1 such, that beginning
position and ending position of each of incorporated inserts coincide on a length of said
profile. Fig. 8 illustrates design of the blank flange 9 for described profile. The profile is
fitted in a slots 10. The form of the slot corresponds to the form of the profile. The
openings 16 serve for passing of insert terminals.
Fig. 9 illustrates a flange for a structure of a rectangular shape, which contains two 0 pultruded profiles with heating inserts shown on Fig.6. Such structure forms an V assembly, in which the profiles are introduced into one flange 31 on every side. The
flange 31 contains two slots 32,33, having holes 34 and having dimensions and form, coinciding with transversal cross section of the profiles. Every profile is introduced into its slot. Disposition of profiles in the assembly anticipates two spaces 35 between profiles for improved air circulation.
Fig. 10 shows an example of an assembly 40 of triangular shape, containing two plastics profiles 41, jointed by the flanges 42. Air space 43 is disposed between the profiles 41. Fig. 11 shows one of variants of the flanges 42 for a triangular heating device. These flanges 42 have slots 44. Openings 45 in the slots 44 are intended for passing of wires-terminals of heating insert. This heating device is intended for standing on floor.
Fig.12 and Fig.13 show other variants of profiles disposition in assemblies, which includes several profiles. In these cases every flange 46 has slots 47, disposed in different directions. Quantity of slots is equal to the quantity of profiles.
Described assemblies may be joined in a block by mechanical joints, disposed on the flanges. Fig.14 illustrates a block 50, consisting of two joined longitudinally assemblies 51, which in one's turn consists of two profiles 52. Mechanical joints 53, disposed on the flanges 54, connect the assemblies. For electrical connection mechanical joints 53 contain holes for electrical cables (the holes are not shown on the drawings).
Fig.15 shows an angle block 55 for installation in a corner of a room. The block consists of two assemblies 51, which in one's turn consists of two profiles 52. The assemblies 51 are connected in the block 55 by a joint 56.
The block 57, shown in Fig.16, consists of two assemblies 58, mechanically connected by flanges 59.
Fig. 17 shows an example of the heating device 60 on base of cut single- line profiles 61. The parts 61 are joined between them by one flange 62 on each side. Each of these parts has electrical terminals on two its sides.
Fig. 18 illustrates the pultrusion process for manufacturing of heating plastics profiles. The heating insert 20 is incorporated into a die 121 of pultrusion machine between of reinforced fiberglass 122 and glass mat 123. Fiberglass 122 and glass mat 123 are arranged on every side of insert evenly.
The continuous flexible heating insert, consisting of plurality heating elements, coils on one of bobbins 124. During the pultrusion process the heating insert is pulled through a bath 125 with liquid resin for impregnating together with other reinforcing materials. The insert, impregnated by liquid resin, feeds in a slot 126 of additional infeed plate 127 before pultrusion machine. An infeed 128 is designed for pre-positioning of the impregnated insert between layers of reinforcing glass mat and roving. The infeed 128 has, besides usual slots for reinforcing materials 129, the additional slot 130 for the heating insert. The flexible heating insert together with reinforcing materials arrive at a die of pultrusion machine, forming the shape of a profile.
After pultrusion process the rigid continuous profile 131 is cut in places between heating elements of the heating insert. These cut heating profiles are mounted in finished heating devices.
Multi-sided profiles with several heating sides are formed in accordance with the same method, but in this case each heating side is provided by one heating insert. Each of the inserts is impregnated by liquid resin in bath together with other reinforcing materials and is pulled through its slot on the additional infeed plates. Flexible heating inserts synchronously feed together with reinforcing materials to a die of pultrusion machine, such that beginnings and ends of each inserts coincide, and each flexible heating insert is incorporated into one of sides of said profile.
Continuous rigid profile, received after pultrusion process, is cut, forming profiled heating units. This unit is mounted in a heating device by introducing of the unit into slots.
The invention has been described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that the terminology, which has been used, is intended to be in the nature of words of description rather than of limitation. Clearly, many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. Accordingly, it is to be understood that the invention can practiced otherwise than specifically described.
13
Claims (12)
- CLAIMS 1. The heating device, which comprises a flexible heating element, containing a thin resistance ribbon with electrical terminals, arranged between layers of fiberglass mat or mesh, forming the heating insert, and a rigid watertight plastics shell, wherein said heating insert is incorporated into plastics profile during this pukrusion process, and said plastics shell is pultruded fiber reinforced plastics profile, made during pultrusion process together with said insert, said heating insert is disposed between said pultruded profile reinforcing glass materials, and said profile is cut in places between inserts, such that terminals of the inserts are disposed about cut ends of said profile, and blank flanges are disposed on the edges of said pultruded rigid plastic profile for sealing of profile cut edges, electrical connections and for mechanical fastening to walls.
- 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the heating ribbon is made of a high electrical resistance metal foil.
- 3. A heating device of claim 1, wherein said heating element comprises carbon roving, which is simultaneously one of reinforced plastics material, and all rovings are divided one from other along the heating element, and in zone of ends of said heating element all rovings are covered by film, which have no adhesion with resin (matrix) in pultrusion process and which has a melting temperature more than 200°C, and said rovings, disposed under said film, are connected between them in electrical scheme and serve as terminals of heating element.
- 4. A heating device of claim 1, wherein said heating element comprises carbon fabric, which is simultaneously one of reinforced plastics material, and in zone of ends of said heating element said fabric is covered by film, which have no adhesion with resin (matrix) in pultrusion process and which has a melting temperature more than 200°C, and said non covered fabric contains electro-conductive filament-threads, which serve as terminals of heating element.
- 5. A heating device of claim 1, wherein said heating insert comprises bus-bars, made of electro-conductive flexible metal ribbons disposed along of said insert, and flexible resistor ribbon, and forms multitude of heating sections, and each of the heating sections is connected with said bus-bars in parallel, forming continuous heating panel or profile, which may be cut after each section in dependence on required electrical power and length.
- 6. A heating device of claim 1, wherein said bus-bars form two pairs of terminals from two sides of the heating panel or profile for connections of several heating devices one to other and with power supply.
- 7. The device of claim 1, wherein said blank flange have slots, and said slots have size and form, coinciding with transversal cross section of said profile, and ends of said profile are fit into said slots and sealed by polymer, providing waterproofhess of the device.
- 8. The device of claim 1, wherein said pultruded profile has a complicated form, and at least two inserts are incorporated into different sides of the profile, such that beginning position and ending position of each of incorporated inserts coincide on a length of said profile.
- 9. The device of claim 1, which contains at least two said pultruded profile with heating inserts, forming an assembly, and these profiles are introduced into one flange on each side, and said flange contains at least two slots, having dimensions and form, coinciding with transversal cross section of said profiles, and each profile is introduced into its slot, and the profiles are arranged with spaces providing improved air circulation, and the terminals of inserts are connected between them in parallel or serially.
- 10. The device of claim 9, y ^ 15 wherein said assemblies are joined in a block, and mechanical connections between said flanges have holes inside said mechanical connectors for passing of electrical cables.
- 11. The heating device of claim 1, wherein the heating element consists of single-line heating ribbon, which is disposed °> between two stripes of fiberglass mat or mesh, forming the heating insert in a shape of flexible stripe, and ends of said heating ribbon is joined with electro-conductive terminal, and the heating element is incorporated in pultruded fiber reinforced plastics profile during pultrusion process in a shape of a long toolbar.
- 12. Method of manufacturing of heaters, comprising: mounting of a continuous flexible heating insert, which is a continuous flexible sandwich assembly, wound on a bobbins, consisting of a plurality heating elements, impregnating of said flexible heating insert by liquid resin in bath together with other reinforcing materials, feeding of said flexible heating insert to a slot of additional infeed plate before pultrusion machine, pre-positioning of said impregnated insert between layers of reinforcing glass mat and roving such, that said glass materials are disposed on two sides of said heating insert, feeding of said flexible heating insert together with reinforcing materials to a die of pultrusion machine, forming the shape of a profile and forming a heating rigid plastics profile during continuous pultrusion process in said die, cutting of said heating rigid continuous plastic profile into profiled heating units and said cutting is made in places between heating elements of said heating insert, mounting of said profiled heating units in a heating device by introducing of said units into slots in said flanges and gluing together of profiled heating units and the flanges on its ends. 15. Method of manufacturing of claim 12, further including the following additional steps: feeding additional flexible heating inserts to additional slots of said infeed plate before pultrusion machine; pre-positioning of each of said impregnated inserts between layers of reinforcing glass mat and roving such, that said glass materials are disposed on two sides of said heating inserts; synchronous feeding of all flexible heating inserts together with reinforcing materials to a die of pultrusion machine, such that beginnings and ends of each inserts coincide, and each flexible heating insert is introduced into one of sides of said profile; forming a heating multi-sided rigid plastics profile during continuous pultrusion process in said die; cutting of said heating rigid continuous plastic profile into profiled heating units and said cutting is made in places between heating elements of said heating inserts; mounting of said profiled heating units in a heating device by introducing of said unit into slots in said boxes and gluing together of profiled heating unit and the boxes on its ends.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IL146102A IL146102A (en) | 2001-10-22 | 2001-10-22 | Electrical radiant heating device and method of its manufacture |
PCT/IL2002/000824 WO2003037037A1 (en) | 2001-10-22 | 2002-10-13 | Electrical radiant heating device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IL146102A IL146102A (en) | 2001-10-22 | 2001-10-22 | Electrical radiant heating device and method of its manufacture |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
IL146102A0 IL146102A0 (en) | 2002-07-25 |
IL146102A true IL146102A (en) | 2006-12-10 |
Family
ID=11075838
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
IL146102A IL146102A (en) | 2001-10-22 | 2001-10-22 | Electrical radiant heating device and method of its manufacture |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
IL (1) | IL146102A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003037037A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU178447U9 (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2020-01-22 | Олег Васильевич Марусич | COMPOSITION HEATING ELECTRIC DEVICE |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4207129A (en) * | 1977-11-21 | 1980-06-10 | Uop Inc. | Manufacture of conductive or semi-conductive elements by means of a continuous pultrusion process |
US4752513A (en) * | 1987-04-09 | 1988-06-21 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Reinforcements for pultruding resin reinforced products and novel pultruded products |
US4888472A (en) * | 1988-05-12 | 1989-12-19 | David G. Stitz | Radiant heating panels |
DE4327874A1 (en) * | 1993-08-19 | 1995-03-02 | Hoechst Ag | Resistance heating element made of thermoplastic materials |
EP1046320A1 (en) * | 1998-01-09 | 2000-10-25 | Ceramitech, Inc. | Electric heating device |
US6294768B1 (en) * | 1998-08-20 | 2001-09-25 | Advanced Recycling Sciences, Inc. | Flexible electrically heated tiles made from crumb rubber |
IT1303893B1 (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2001-03-01 | Cadif Srl | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURE, BY PULTRUSION, 37 PROFILATITRANSFORMERS OF THE ELECTRIC CURRENT IN DIFFUSED HEAT |
-
2001
- 2001-10-22 IL IL146102A patent/IL146102A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2002
- 2002-10-13 WO PCT/IL2002/000824 patent/WO2003037037A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IL146102A0 (en) | 2002-07-25 |
WO2003037037A1 (en) | 2003-05-01 |
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