IL143598A - Installation for recycling tires - Google Patents

Description

The plant for reprocessing of the worn out tires of vehicles The authors: Delegach Valery and Mirmov Naum, The summary General The offered plant has a series of essential differences. The basic technological operations make in one apparatus. The tire is located in the congelation chamber with the cooling agent. Rubber covering of the tire at temperature a minus 75 - 85°C make congelation. The rubber covering with the help of impulse high-voltage electrohydraulic shock of the tire destruction in same chamber. For this purpose the plant is supplied with an aggregate of an impulse high-voltage discharge, which contains the coaxial-cylindrical electrodes system. The electrodes of a system are located in a horizontal plane on radial axes of an interior vacuity of the tire. The congelation chamber is disposed on a neck of the separator bunker, for example, drum screen. In separator of a part of rubber detach from a steel wire and synthetic filaments realized, and also separation of the rubber crumb on a fraction. The device for separation of rubber crumb from steel and synthetic cord is disposed on the unloading end separator.

Field of application The offered plant can be used for obtaining a rubber crumb and rubber powder, which may be used for fabrication of articles at the plants of tires industry or on factories of rubber details.

The plant can be used in the construction industry, where the components from tires reprocessing - rubber crumb, steel and synthetic cord - may be used in road construction, in manufacture of articles series of ferroconcrete and also in manufacture of insulating details and buildings details.

On the basis of offered plant the self-maintained enterprise for reprocessing the worn out tires of vehicles can be set up.

Existing analogs The plants for reprocessing of worn out vehicles tires with help of cryogenic methods are known, for example: 1. Patent USA # 5,385,307, Int.Cl. B 02C 18/26, B 02C 23/18, B.02C 23/40; 2. Patent USA # 5,888,600, Int.Cl. B 02C 19/2, B 02C 23/08; 3. Patent USA # 5,590,838, Int.Cl. B 02C 19/12; 4. Patent USA # 5,634,599, Int.Cl. B 02C 19/12; . Patent USA # 5,735,471, Int.Cl. B 02C 19/12; 6. Patent USA # 5,758,831, Int.Cl. B 02C 19/12; 7. Patent USA # 5,794,861, Int.Cl. B 02C 19/12.

Firms "UNTEC" (Germanium), "WIRTECH" (Switzerland), "Grub Rubber Technology" (GRT) - USA, "Osana gas Engineering" (Japan) and of many others firms use an plants with cryogenic congelation for tires reprocessing.

The known plant consist of identical machines and aggregates. The plants contain: machines of a preparatory crushing of the whole tires on large pieces (with size about 150*150 mm), chilling (congelation) chambers for congelation of pieces of tires, granulators (or hammer crushers), gang of the secondary machines for grinding and system separation of rubber from a steel and synthetic cord. For congelation of rubber the firms will used liquid nitrogen. For crushing of tires the firm GRT will used similar machines and apparatuses, but for congelation use the turborefrigerating machines.

All known plants for reprocessing of worn out tires of vehicles have the same demerits: - The use of a great amount of machines for tires crushing; cost of plant is being increased considerably and also technology schemes are being complicated; - The granulators (or crushers) have large gabarites and the weight and occupy a significant production space; - The intensive wear of the tools occurs in granulators (in crushers) of tires. The periodic sharpening and substitution of the cutting tools require a lot time and labour; - The cost price of ton of rubber crumb is high; - The corpuscles of steel wire and also of synthetic filaments are remained in rubber crumb. The presence of steel and of synthetic filaments in rubber crumb increase the cost of fabricating powder from such crumb.

Brief description of the drawing Fig.l show a schematic technological diagram of the plant for reprocessing of the worn out tires of vehicles according to one embodiment of the present patent application.

Fig.2 show a schematic section and disposition site of the chamber for congelation and destruction of a rubber covering tire according to one embodiment of the present patent application.

The features and newness of offered plant The offered plant (Fig.l) consists of the following basic units and assemblies: board of devices of monitoring and regulation (1), aggregate of impulse high-voltage discharge (2), the chamber (3) for congelation and destruction of the rubber covering of tire (4). Inside the chamber (3) the coaxial-cylindrical electrode system (5) is disposed, which electrodes are located in a horizontal plane on radial axes of an interior vacuity of the tire. The electrode system (5) is supplied with mechanisms (6) which are located on a case of the chamber (3). The mechanisms (6) are intended for regulation of a discharge gap. The mechanisms (6) are connected by an elastic clutch (7) with the device (8), which ensures feeding and removal of the cooling agent. The device (8) is connected to tank (9), containing the cooling agent, and to the chamber (3). The congelation chamber (3) is installed on a throat (10) of the bin (11). The compaction flange (12), built-in into the frontal end of separator (13), for example, drum type (drum screen). On the output end of separator (13) the device (14) is disposed, intended for detached of rubber crumb from steel and synthetic cord. The separator (13) is made in the from of two cylinders (15) and (16) one in of another built-in. The internal cylinder (16) is make perforated and is divided on section. The size of punched slots in sections is augmented from the feed end to lower in 2.5 - 3.0 times, than of any known plant with a mechanical methods of destruction of tires of the same productivity; - the sum of weights of all machines and assemblies of offered plant will be less of sum of weights of all machines and assemblies of known plants with mechanical destruction of tires in 2.2 - 2.3 times; - production of offered plant has high quality, because in crumb there are no even small bits of the steel wire and also of synthetic filaments; - the cost price of processing of one ton of the worn out tires in offered plant makes up $ 120 - 130; the processing of the same amount of the worn out tires in any known plant with mechanical destruction and cryogenic freezing makes up $ 230 - 240.

Realization of invention It is possible to fabricate machines, aggregates and components of plant under the given prospective invention at any machine-building enterprise with the help of the known metalworking equipment.

The pilot plant according to given invention can be assembled off known and standard machines, assemblies and devices. For pilot plant select a standard device of impulse high-voltage discharge. Some electrical details of the given device should be upgraded or are replaced. For pilot-plan- it is necessary to fabricate new electrodes and mechanisms of their moving. The construct of electrodes and mechanisms of their moving should be elaborated for conditions of their operating in cryogenic environment and also according sizes and configuration of the tire.

The standard device for sieving of rubber crumb and for separation of crumb from synthetic and steel cord also should be upgraded and is perfected. The results of these technological experiments will create foundations of elaboration of all complex of the equipment with a wide range of productivity and for creation of industrial plants of reprocessing of the worn out tires of vehicles.

Upon the cryogenic freezing up to minus 70 - 80°C rubber envelope of tire has the fragile properties, as glass stuff; but steel cord and synthetic cord preserve the elastic properties. Therefore impulse discharge of high voltage in liquid smash the rubber envelope of tire to petty parts but steel and synthetic cord remains whole. The rubber, smashed up to sizes of crumb, separate from steel wires and from synthetic filaments easily.

Final separation of rubber from cord we make by mechanical method with help of sieving drum. Such destruction of a rubber covering allows to obtain pure granules without the contents in them of metal bits and synthetic filaments. Accordingly, we obtain a rubber powder of necessary quality and purity.

Valery Delegach Naum Mirmov

Claims (9)

CLAIMS We claim:

1. l. A plant for reprocessing of the worn out tires of vehicles, the plant comprising the improvements: a) An aggregate of a impulse high-voltage discharge, the electrodes system is disposed in the congelation chamber; b) The electrodes of system are located in a horizontal plane on radial axes of an interior space of the tire; c) The congelation chamber is installed on a flange of mouth a feed bin of separator, for example, drum screen type; d) The device for separation on a fraction of rubber crumb and detachment of crumb from steel and synthetic cord is disposed on the unloading end of separator; e) The body of congelation chamber include of from two or more of side-bar, conjoint themselves, moreover one of side-bar is made cylindrical, and others - as the polyhedron, for example, of hex or octahedral shape; f) The drum screen is made in the form of two cylinders one in of another built-in.

2. The plant according to claim 1, wherein the electrode system of an aggregate of an impulse high-voltage discharge is supplied with mechanisms for regulation of a discharge gap.

3. The plant according to claims 2, wherein the mechanisms of regulation of a discharge gap are disposed on a body of the congelation chamber.

4. The plant according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the mechanisms of regulation of a discharge gap by an elastic clutch are mechanically connected to a device of feed and removal of a cryogenic fluid.

5. The plant according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the mechanisms of regulation of a discharge gap electrically are connected to a device of feed and removal of a cryogenic fluid.

6. The plant according to claim 1 wherein the electrode system is make as coaxial tubular and rod-shaped electrodes.

7. The plant according to claim 1 , wherein the congelation chamber has drop bottom make from several parts (flaps).

8. The plant according to claim 7, wherein on an internal wall of a cylindrical side-bar the rotary stops connected hingedly with drop bottom of the body are disposed.

9. The plant according to claim 1 , wherein the interior cylinder of separator is divided on of sections, which are supplied with punching, at that the size of punched slots is increased from the feed end of a separator unloading the end.