HUE027740T2 - Improved self-locking concrete tile - Google Patents

Description

This invention à-laies to the fieldof theindustry ofroad end similar coatings, in particular concrete paving blocks and das for object a self-locking concrete paving block* Currently, there ere different types of concrete paving blocks for the cresting of surfaces intended for the circulation of vihldesor simple surfaces intended for the passing. Only periodical, of vehicles or for the purposes of parking. Such paving blocks are generally provided with means of nesting allowing them to be blocked according to two: directions in the horizontal plane,, with these means often being of geometrical shapes provided on the edge of said paving blocks and having a reverse symmetry: between the parallel edges of the paving blocks.

Furthermore, known paving blocks are provided with distancing elements also provided on their edges and which make it possible to ensure the formation of a separatidn: jdirit intended:to be filled in via a filing;· with sand.

Known paving blocks make it possible to respond in a relatively correct, manner to the reejuÍrements of blocking and of anti-dislocation outside of a surface laid ip the cases where very strict circulation criteria can be filled, namely relatively low displacement speeds that generate very low vibrations, indeed, the currently existing paving blocks, whether or not of the sePIdcking type, have edges that are perfectly vertical, the same as the spacers with which they are provided, in such a way that the sand for pointing Only makes It possible to carry out, by vibration, an effective blocking, according to the two directions in the bbrigpntai plane. It is also known, by DF-U-202 01 S77 a block provided with spacers that have a deerediing cross section from the base to the apparent face and which do not have any punctual contact, of their base with that of the adjacent blocks. Furthermore, there subsists a iongitudinai and trsnsversai piny which does not make it possible to obtain an effective blocking of the blocks, in addition, the shoulder provided in this document does not allow fpr a dosing of the joint on the laying bed, in such a way that the joint sand can be poured into this laying bed during vibrations, finally, the spacers Ire in ns way in contact over their entire height.

Moreover, Ip-A-i 036 882 describes a paving block of the type similar tb that described In the preceding document and gives rise to the same remarks. This paving biock also does not make it possible to obtain an "anthpuiiing off" resistance, with the spacers being soieíy intended to ensure the positioning during the laying end are destroyed during the vibration Of the laid surface. 0E~U-29? 2Î 360 describes a paving biock provided With means for locking, but without interpenetration, wherein the distancing «dements are f roxdded only on a part of the height starting from the base, as such guaranteeing an apparent joint that is uniform that does not allow said spacers to appear. :Howeyer,;:in the case a substantial circulation and at a reiativeiy high speed on such paving biocks,:the vibrations Induced tend to successiveiy cause cracks of a very smaii width on the paraiiei edges., in such a way thafafeanh passage said paving blocks carry out a corresponding micro displacement. This results in that after a more or less long service life, the sand for pointing Mtwden the paving blocks tends to shift partially under the latter allowing for the obtaining ofa play with the adjacent paving blocks. Furthermore, this play can be increased due to an upward erosion of the paving blocks due to the stresses of à mechanical and meteorological natures, which results., when a vehicle passes, in a liftingpf said paving blocks via a suction effect of the tyres of said vehicles on the outside surface of said paving blocks. A rapid deterioration then foiiows of the square surface and the formation of noise due to the coliiding consecutive to the vibrations and to the colliding, and even to the ravelling of said paving blocks,, which is particularly stressful for the residents.

Finally, it is known, by WÖ'AOQG9SÖ8 a paving biock having on two consecutive sides spacers that can be mutuaiiy nested in order to parantbd an “anti-pu I! In g off". However, such pavinglipcks are produced by moulding which is extremely difficult and require a specific laying Via nesting via the sides, which is practically impracticable wit laying machines and result in a problem of sliding on the sand bed, without driving the tetter, during a manuál laying. Firndiy, the manufacture and the laying of such paving: biocks havate''bost:pri£^fthät:l:s::i:h:comp|ti|lä:with an industrial impiementatlon,

Moreover, it has been proposed, by EP^A~f?9S 289, a seif-locking concrete paving biock, provided on its iongltudinai and transverse edges with distancing means in the form of a truncated pyramid or of a truncated cone portion, wherein said distancing means are arranged on either side of serrii-cyiindrícai spacers and join in pairs, by their base, the generating line of the corresponding spacer that is the farthest from the paving biock, with each distancing means being, during interpenetration of the paving blocks in the laid position, in contact via a point with the longitudinal or transverse edge of the adjacent paving block and Via a point with a corresponding spacer of the adjacent paving block, with the spacers being in Contact over their entice height with the corresponding edge of the adjacent paving block by a line.

Such a paving block makes it possible to largely counter most of the dipdvantages of the paving blocks that exist today, but cannot guarantee over a long ípéridd of time an absolute locking against a pulling off, due to a possible wearing of the spacers at their points of coritact resuldhl In a migration of the sand for pointing towards the laying bed andM sueh play between adjacent paving blocks.

Finally, it is known, by EP'#2 527 533 a seif-locking concrete paving block,, provided on itsslôhgiudihSkabd:Îtiàesÿejise edges with distancing means, arranged on either sidecctjiifi'iSipä'^e^s^:'has distancing means in the form of a truncated pyramid with:al&aserWfdohil;iSi:pi:yg0nel:Whtcll cooperate, by shape, with the base of distancing means of the adjacent paving blocks, during interpenetration of the paving blocks in the laid position, and the spacers are arranged in the median vertical axis of the distancing means, have a form of a half-truncated cone or of a half-truncated pyramid, of which the large base extends on the polygödfÄSt-öjtbe.döfifespiönd^g distancing means, partially protruding in relation to tMi iatter, with each: spacer cooperating with a oorrespopdlng vertical recess, provided in the edge of the adjacent paving biock and of which the cross section is equal to that of the large base of the spacer and constant over the entire height of the paving block.

Such a seif-iocking concrete paving block makes it possible to ensure s seif blddkipgiip position, whether in the piarcé of the surface of the laying as well as iperpendlcuiarly to this plane, ire, preventing any pulling off in conditions of traffic.

However, the visible presence of the Speers on joints is not compatible with certain aesthetic requirements, in particular the linear continuity of the joints.

This invention has for object a seifdbeidog concrete paving biock that makes It possible, just as the paving biock according to EP-A-2 527 533, on the one hand, to simultaneously ensure a self-locking in both directions of the horizontal laying plane, as weil as a locking in position against puifinioff, by suppression of any play between paving biocks and, on the other hand, to create a linear continuity of the joints, while still being of simple manufacture and implementation.

To this effect, the selfdocking concrete paving block, providedon Its longitudinal a ni transverse edges with distancing means, arranged on either side of spacers said spacers being arranged between the distencing means and cooperating, by shape, with the saididiSfencihgi moahs of the adjacent paving biocks, during interpenetration of the paving;blocks in the iaid position, is chamcterised in that the distancing means are 'Constituted, each, by a pair of vertical tongues with s base which is polygonal or in the form of a portion of a circle, projecting from the edge of the paving hioek and of which the top is in the form of a truncated pyramid or of a truncated cone portion, ami in that said vertical tongues deiImit between them, on the edge of the paving block, a vertical recess of constant cross section for receiving a corresponding spacer projecting from the edge of the adjacent paving block.

The invention shsli be better understood, thanks to the description hereinafter, which relates to a: preferred embodiment., provided as a non -limiting example, and explained with reference to the annexed diagrammatical drawings, wherein:: figure ;l is a perspective view of a paving block in accordance with the invention; figure 2 is a plan view, on a larger scale, of the paving block; figure 3 is an elevations! view of the paving block according to figure 2; figure 4 is a pian view of a set of laid paving biocks, with two partial en la rgements on the junction of acijace n t pavi ng iiocfesp and figure S is ah eievationai view on ä larger scaie showing the joint between two iaid paving blocks, as a cross section. figures 1 and 2 of the annexed draw logs show a seifddcktng concrete paving block 1 intended to be laid on traffic routes, parking areasor Others, This paying bioekiL is proyided on its longltudinai 2 and means 4, arranged on;either side of spacers 5, arranged between the distancing means 4 and coo perat log, by shape, with raid dlstancin g means « of the : adjacent paving biocks, during interpenetration of the paving blocks in the iaid position (figure 4). in accordance with the invention, the distaoeingmeans 4 are constituted, each, by a pair of vertical tongues 41 with a base which is poiygonai Of In the form of a portion of a circle, projecting from the edge of the pavingtbiock end: Of wbibh the top Is in the form of a truncated pyramid or of a truncated cone portion, and in that said vertical tongues 4i delimit between themt on the odge ofthe paving block 1, a vertical recess 42 with a constant cress section and receiving a corresponding spacer S, projectingifrom the edge of the adjacent paving block (figures i to 4).

The distancing me&ngd and the spacers S are arranged on said longitudinal 2 and transverse 3 edges according to an inverted symmetry, respectively in relation to the transverse median axis and to the longitudinal median axis. As such, it is possible to obtain a fitting; efipavjng htoc&s I through which the transverse edges and the iengitudlnai edges of adjacent paving blocks l via their longitudinal edges and via their transverse edges are perfectly aligned (figure 4). Furthermore, this arrangement a iso allows for a staggered laying, with a longitudinal offset of the paving blocks i, as well as idying af: a right angle, with one paving block X being arranged perpendieuiariy to ano ther pávihg block X, with an alignment of the longitudinal edge of one with the transverse edge of the other,

This arrangement of the paving biocks 1 is provided by the cooperation of the spacers 5 with the corresponding vertical recesses 42 delimited between the vertical tongues 41 constitutihg tile distahcing tfwans 4 of the adjacent paving biocks, as shown in figuré 4 of the annexed drawings, it results from this interpenetration that each distancing means 4 is in contact, by the vert ica i tongues 4Î. on the one hand, with a spacer s and, on the other hand; with a longitudinal 2 or transverse 3 edge of an adjacent paving block :i. This arrangement of the distancing theahs 4 and of the spacers 5, protruding on the transverse edges 3 and the longitudinai edges 2 of the paving blocks I allows forthe obtaining of a linear continuity of the joints between the paving blocks i, said distancing means 4 and spacers 5 extending entirely in the space for pointing between the paving biocks X. in addition, the gap ? delimited between the tops In the form of a truncated pyramid or of a truncated cone portion of the tongues 41 delimits a corner filled with sand for pointing which prevents any pulling off of the paving biocks 1 laid. in accordance with a characteristic of the invention, the distancing means 4 and the spacers S advantageously have a height which is Jess than that of the paving block 1, their top preferably extending beiow the level of the upper edge Of the said paving bioek IL As suefg in the laid position and after sandblasting of the joints, said distancing means 4 and the spacers % are entirely covered and therefore invis)hie> which contributes to a notable improvement In the visual aspect, through the creation Of iperfectiy linear joints. in accordance with another characteristic of the invention, at least oh* spacer $ of each longitudinal 2 and transversal 3 edge has a cross sectlcm which Is digressive from thuhasepfthe paving block l towards the upper end of the spacer S, :thoi det&rmih|ng, with the veffleai recess 42 delimited between the vertical: tongues 41 of the corrospodmi distancing mesos 4i a vertical gap 6' forming a space for pointing with $and> which space has a cross section which is progressive from the lower face of the paving blocks l towards their upper face, producing auto-coropressiqn under a pu il out or settlement force. As such, the filing with sind Ihr pointing creates not only :8: stabilisation of the paving blocks in the horizontal plane, but also forms a means of self -locking means in cooperation wit h the distihCÍng meins 4 ind the spacers 5> fhe formatiert of this means of self-locking results from the fact that an attempf to pul! ofa paving hlock hp for effect to induce a displacement of the sand for pointing on the spacers 5 and distancing means 4* which his for effect a simultaneous compression of the sa nd for pointings With this com being carried out, in fact, in cascade and rosulfing in a fotaI biocking which prevents any pulling off, 0ue to the conformation of the distancing means 4 aM of the spacers S the paving blocks i laid are entirely In mutual contact via their base resting on the laying bed, the vertical gaps 6, between the distancing means 4 ind the spacers S of a constant cross section (and/or width), filed with sand for pointing Which makes it possible to improve the resistance of the paving biocks against any risk shslippingarof tilting, which cd:uid;resu|t; ina destabilisation of ail of the paving blocks laid.

Furthermore, due to the contact of the bases of the paving blocks 1 over ipraeticaiiy their entire length and their entire width and of the penetration of thé: spacers I In the distancing means 4, an initial tilting of the paving blocks, which would he due to an initiai play on said bases is rendered impossIblOj in such a way that a pulling off or a ioosenmg of a paving block, via an additional damping effect on one side during an attempt to pul off or following a suction effect provoked by a tyre tread displaced at high speed on a surface payed as such, Is entirely avoided, indeed, not only can the paved blocks 1 not be displaced in a horizontal plane, dug to thefact, on the one hand, of the interpenetration of the dlstahcihg means 4 and of the spacers 5 and, on the other hand, due to the filling of the vertlcai gaps δ with the sand for pointing, which prevents a pivoting of the pavlnghiocks::l:in:re|ation to one another and, in this way, any pulling of or subsiding, in p a r t i c υ ! a r m g c h a n le a i i y. in order imperfect résista née to subsiding, in particular in the case of Intense traffic, it:iiSi-priiviÉîfêdïilâέΐϊόirdiif^g^tó another characteristic of the invention and as shown in figures 1, 3 and S of the annexed drawings, that the paving block :i he provided., on at least two faces opposite the longitudinal 2 and/or transverse 3 edges, with at ieast one distancing means 4’, of which at least one vertical tongue 41' Is shorter than the vertical tongues 43 of the distancing means 4 and of which the top extends at a lower level than that of the vertical tongues 41, determining a corresponding vertical gap ?' between the vertical tongue 4ΐοΙ the preceding di$tanÇîng:rneahs 4 and that (tongue) 43!, of the distancing means 4!.

Preferably;, e distancing means 4’ of iesser height is advantageously provided at an end of each iongitudinai 2 and transversal 3 edge, with the corresponding end of the transverse 3 and longitudinal 2 edgie^eidl'proÉdid'Wíthia^deoeiígíon of spacers 5 and with distancing means 4 {figures 3, 3 and $)< in order to faciiitate comprehension, figure S shows, with hatching, the dIstancing means 4 and 4as well as the stiffeners 5 of a paving block, while the distancing means·4 and 4* and the stiffeners 5 of the other paving block are represented with a .ïîtâriïÏÎhijg:* in height between the tongue 41: of the distancing meansΨ and that of the adjacent tongue 41 is as such very clearly visible. inetherwords, and as can he seen dearly in figure 5, at least one tongue 4 Γ of a paving bioçk cooperates with a tongue 41 of the associated adjacent paving block, in order to obtain a flow of sand that Is mbm advantageous, it Is therefore provided to carry out a tongue 41' with an acute angle at the top that is sharper or less than that of the opposite topgoe 43. The top of the tongue 41' therefore descends lower before reaching a portion where the cross:seetion or width of the rectangular base of the tongue 41‘ is constant.

As the? top of the tongue 43 stops at a ievei that Is higher than that of the tongue 4Γ and which therefore has a larger rectanguSar basêj, a sort of asymmetric funnel is formed for the flow of the sand for pointing,

Thanks to the elements 41 and 4Γ of different geometries fin the form of the ppintlng is carried out ieiiigurei &amp;|f a sort of corridor or channel is obtained that na?rows downwards and which prevents the paving block from subsiding, with fheisand flowing therein fiiiing the space between:said elements 41 and 41’ by locking the element 4i! in a direction upwards and the elemental in a direction downwards.

The providing of at least one such distancing means 4‘ on at least two opposite edges of the paving block 1 makes it possible to obtain an offset, in height between a vertical tonpe 41 and a vertical tongue 41' resulting in the forming of a truncated cone or pyramid portion or offset downwards m relafion to the distancing means 4 and therefore the possibility of a faster bottlenecking of the sand for pointing in the corresponding vertical gap T (figure 5}. Due to the very arrangement of the distancing means 4' each time at a corner of the paving block, it Is: possible to create quasMnstaohy a preventing of the: flow of the sand for pointing at the ends of the paving block and, as such, to entirely prevent the risk of subsiding of the latter under a strong stress, with a Subsiding of the end subjected to the stress being prevented by the wedging of the filling sand In tbe corresponding vertical gap ? between the vertical tongue 41 of the preceding distancing means 4 and that, 41', of the distancing means 4', flanks fofha invention,. St is possible to carry out a self locking concrete paving block that makes If possible to ensure 3 self-locking in position, In the plane of the laying; surface as well asiperpendlcuieriy to this plane, i.e. preventing any pullingoffand any subsiding in traffic conditions, while still allowing for the draining of runoff water in the foundation.

Furthermore, this paving block can be carried out by implementing the normal moulding techniques, i.e. with the use of a simple mono-block mould, and the toying can also be carried out simply and quickly. fif eourse,:t:he inyention 1$ not limited to the embodiment described and shown in the annexed d#tÄii. ÄÄations remain possible, in particular concerning the constitution of the yadous elements or by substitution of equivalent techniques, without however leaving the field of protection of the invention.

Claims (4)

Tp ¥ ABBFEJ..HSZTHT T ÔNZÀRÔ BETON BL IKKOLÁK EXCLUSIVE Y YOU PON TOK 1> self-sealing concrete cladding (I) with longitudinal (2) and crevice (with 3 | spacers 14} spacers (5)) on the side, which are located between the spacer elements (4), and are perpendicular to the tensioning elements (4) of the adjacent cladding stones when the cladding is interconnected, and the plurality of spacers (4) are provided with a plurality of polygons. or a circular slit-based vertical slit «41}, which would protrude from the edge of the sheathing and their apex or crown-like shape, and soak that the fluff-like lips (4l) are:»: a constant cross-section on the edge of the knife. recess (42) hai | zolaafe> that accommodates the edge of the adjacent lollipop (5), and oozing with the longitudinal (2) and other prickly runners (3 | at least two; edge facing at least four spacers! (4¾ of which at least one vertical tongue (4! ') Is shorter, i.e. vertical tangents (41) of the tangent elements # 4 (4), and having a sloping lower span than the yoke of the vertical tongues (4!), Which is a corresponding a vertical gap fF) is determined by the previous spacer element (4) Âggôls &amp; fP '# ïe $ ztàkê · (41) 4 &amp; 2, the casing of claim 1, characterized by; that the height of the spacer elements (4) and the spacers (15) is lower than that of the sheath (1), and that their tops preferably extend under the color of the upper edge of the sheathing (1). A loop according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized by. that all lengths! (2) and the transverse (3) wind (3) cross section of at least one tear carrier (§) from the base of the tile (I) to the upper end of the spacing holder (5) thereby reducing the vertical spacing (41) of the corresponding spacing element (4) with the vertical recess (41) bounded vertically ( 42) defines a vertical gap (Irish) which forms a space for sand clogging and whose cross section from the lower side of the cladding stones (f) is inclined towards the upper side, resulting in self-compression under the effect of a pulling or lowering force. 4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a smaller distance map (4 ') is provided for all longitudinal (2) and round bars (3). at one end, the transverse (3) and longitudinal (2) edges of the wind are provided with a beer runner (5) and a spacer (4).