HU207362B - Method for building catchwater drain particularly deep catchwater drain and suction-body field for carrying out the method - Google Patents

Abstract

During the process, preferably with a slit technology to workpieces (26) from their planes to the side with protruding shapes and geotextile fixed to them with leaking elements with a coated plate, connected by a drainage line Á.obra then the workpiece (26) is refilled and, if necessary preferably in the vicinity of the field level (t) sealed with clay seal (4). The procedure the essence is that it is the bottom of the plate as leaking elements order parallel, overhanging pipes

Description

Scope of the description: 14 pages (including 4 pages)

EN 207 362 ó zone, suction areas (21) containing water-permeable drain hose (5) from the suction area of the leaking element are positioned laterally (b) into the workpieces (26), and drain pipes (5) of adjacent body parts (21) ), by fitting overlapping tubular elements extending outwardly to the pipe ends, overlapping with each other by inducing the inlet areas (21) into the workpieces (26), to form a continuous drainage line.

The suction body for carrying out the process preferably has a plate of thermoplastic material, which has protrusions protruding from its plane, preferably embossed, for example by attaching a suction geotextile to the plate by gluing or welding, and the narrow sides of the suction space with water-permeable or water-impermeable closures (6). are closed. This suction body field is characterized by a drain pipe (5) connected to the bottom side of the plate, which extends over two ends at the end of the plate. The drain tube (5) is secured with a closure (6), preferably a U-shaped plate or foil, which closes the openings of the drain tube (5) opposite the intake space. On the underside of one of the protruding pipe ends, an open side facing upwardly facing upwardly on the tip of this pipe end is attached. On the upper side of the other protruding pipe end, an open side downwardly facing tubular member is attached to the end of this pipe end.

During the construction of underground works or in civil engineering works, it is often necessary to bring the groundwater level to a certain level, which may be temporary or temporary.

The permanent lowering of the groundwater level has a positive effect on the stability of the earthworks, especially on the slopes, and helps to prevent and / or stop soil movements. Constantly lowering the groundwater level in engineering structures and objects under reinforced concrete, concrete or brick, underground, is also justified in many cases, because groundwater recharging ensures that the structure (artwork) is not exposed to leaking moisture, layer water, groundwater, or other there is no need to count on the undesirable consequences of the presence of water, such as water leakage on the wall, wetting, washing the free lime in the concrete, freezing, corrosion damage, and so on.

Permanent lowering of groundwater is also warranted in areas where groundwater is located high up close to the ground in the vicinity of engineering facilities (eg runways, roadsides, etc.).

In other cases, it may be necessary to keep groundwater out of existing or underground structures, because groundwater is contaminated or highly aggressive.

Leakers and deep leaks are the effective means of lowering the groundwater level, whose leakage bodies have a gallery effect. The basic requirement is, of course, for the leak to reach a suitable recipient for the proper discharge of the waters it collects.

In the case of leakage and deep leakage and leakage networks and systems intended for the continuous lowering of groundwater, the fact that they are permanent installations must always be taken into account, so that their function must be able to function properly for a long time. Consequently, one of the basic requirements for leaks is that the character (characteristic) of the suction body of the respective leakage structure should be selected according to the geotechnical parameters of the surrounding ground, in accordance with the Terzaghi filtering rule, i.e. the body must be constructed according to this filter rule.

With conventional technology, leaks and deep leaks are made in bumpy workstations. Especially when constructing deep leaks and building leakage in slippery soil, the trench must be provided with a special reinforced boom. The width of the trench to be opened must always be chosen so that the work to which the living workforce is essential can be safely executed. The most important operations in the ditch itself are crimping, as well as lower bedding and pipe laying. Once the planned depth of the workpiece has been reached, the bottom bed, at the appropriate level for pipe laying, will be made, then drained from drainage pipes, perforated pipes, or other hollow water-conducting elements (such as bricks, tiles, stones) for draining water from the intake body. After the completion of this line, the duct will be built in the ditch up to a predetermined (planned) height. Finally, the suction body, usually with a clay layer, is sealed and recharged to the rest of the trench. Based on the above, it can be seen that the ditch width is always the size of the ditch.

Often a so-called leaking part is called a so-called. a single-layer suction body should not be installed, because the supported soil will drip into it and the suction body will be irreversibly thickened (collapsed). In this case, to eliminate this danger of triangulation, according to current (conventional) practice, a double-layered suction body is installed so that a lower layer thickness (usually made of sand) is applied on the lower side of the supported soil, while the inner suction body is generally a material with a larger gap volume (gravel, crushed stone). ', etc.', which ensures the collection of leaking water, allows its flow and perforated or porous pipe penetration near the bottom of the leak. The construction of such bilayer suction bodies implies a very rigorous technological discipline, as incorrect separation, mixing (for example, leaving the separation plate or not properly applied) of the two types of filter layers leads to the collation (blockage) of the entire suction body. The contact between the soil and the fine-grained outer filter layer is secure1

EN 207 362 Β requires the boom to be pulled continuously. In addition to stringent technological standards, construction is extremely disadvantageous. it is labor-intensive, dangerous to accidents, long lead times and very high construction costs.

It is known to have a conventional two-layer suction body making process, wherein the soil contact filter layer is formed from geotextile (generally P.P. felt) and within that the coarse-grained suction body is constructed. Although this procedure is simpler than previously used, it is a problem, however, that geotextile insertion into the workpieces without wrinkling - especially when it comes to crushed workpieces - is quite cumbersome and takes a lot of time. The extension of the geotextile pieces with the necessary overlap to avoid collation is an essential requirement, which also requires accurate, careful and professional work. Care should also be taken during construction so that the geotextile does not break, puncture, which may result in the geotextile being exposed to unexpected loads and stresses during the construction leading to these errors. Excluding this again is careful, professional, and therefore requires costly work. For geotextile leaks, the size of the suction body is determined by the width of the trench to be opened, similarly to the single-layer suction leakage, which often results in a significantly larger suction body than would be justified by the particular soil conditions.

As part of the leaks and deep leaks, the drainage pipe (drainage pipe) entering the workplace, as already mentioned, can be assembled from a variety of elements, both structurally and structurally, and can also be varied to form the intake body above the drainage pipe. Pre-fabricated suction leaks and deep leaks are characterized by separate pipeline laying and suction construction to ensure the required fall (slope) conditions. In order to be able to carry out work on the bottom of the workpiece, the width of the trench must be chosen so that the work can be done without risk of accident. Thus, the technically necessary trench width - like conventional inlet solutions - is always much higher than the current hydrogeological conditions (water permeability, depression, specific water flow, etc.), as well as prefabricated (porous, hollow, decisive). single-grain, resin-bonded porous, open-pore hard foam material, plastic granulate, etc.) width of suction body. These findings apply to all of the currently known preformed intake bodies, regardless of whether the intake body is single- or double-layered (inside hollow, geotextile-coated, etc.).

A further disadvantage of prefabricated body designs is that the amount of earthwork required is very high in relation to the size of the suction body. Disadvantages are the fragility of porous body parts, frost sensitivity in the case of outdoor storage, loss of material at the time of installation, and the fact that the elements bound by hydration are rather severe. In general, it is difficult to install leakage elements above the pipe zone in the trenched ditch, and in many cases it is a problem to ensure direct contact between the intake body and the transmissive water-borne soil (ground-to-dowel suction body).

Also known are suction bodies which are used primarily for civil engineering roof leaks, in which plastic leakage boards (leaks) are used. The load-bearing sheets are generally made of thermoplastic (PVC, PE, PP, etc.) and contain densely distributed reliefs or spikes on one or both sides, usually located in defined rows. Geotextile is glued or calendered to the top points of the molded sections. Thermoplastic sheets with densely shaped, embossed shapes are manufactured by vacuum forming or by a profiled (cam) roller placed after the extruder. The shape of the densely molded shape of the homogeneous plate may be of various kinds (hemispherical, bone cone, cylinder, spike, etc.). The densely profiled thermoplastic sheet together with the attached geotextile forms sheet leakage elements, the thickness of which is given by the height (depth) of the embossments and the thickness of the geotextile layer, and based on that thickness, the water-absorbing capacity of the leaking elements can be calculated. Depending on the depth of the embossing, various leakage elements with different water conductivity can be produced. The advantage of thermoplastic sheet-leaking elements is that they are lightweight, with relatively densely elevated protrusions substantially increasing the transverse stiffness of the plate, so that these leakage elements are suitable for applying a ground pressure perpendicular to the plates without significant deformation. However, the serious drawback of such leakage elements is that the rigidity of the longitudinal (corresponding to the ditch depth and perpendicular to it) is low, so that the sheets of the leakage elements are fixed at a fixed distance - longitudinally and transversely - to a solid structure such as masonry or formwork. In the case of earth leaks and deep leaks, such fixation is not possible on land or on land. Otherwise, the leakage elements are connected to a two-layered pipe zone around the drain line. Due to the aforementioned low longitudinal stiffness, the leakage can now be used as a backflow fitting to a (gap) wall.

From the Hungarian patent no. 176,266 there is known a leakage construction method where the earthwork is performed with slit technology, the gap is supported by a hole, and the drainage and the body are formed under the slurry level. The drainage ducts are located at the bottom of the trench, and then fill the single-layer intake body material through the contact tube. THE

The precipitation of the colloidal particles in the slurry - bentonite - is carried out after the lower intestine has been prepared, and acidic or alkaline agents are used to collapse the bentonite. However, there are several problems with this solution. In particular, the drainage pipeline can be disposed of with a proper fall on the trench bottom; for the most part, they are unable to lay down the drain pipe with the planned fall. What's more, what happens to the precipitated bentonite thorn; the bentonite is likely to clog the suction body to a greater or lesser extent. It is also a problem that the process can only be used to form a single-layer suction body, so in many cases, due to the soil conditions, the process cannot be used because the particles of the soil to be supported or dewatered can get into the filter body and clog (collapse). Another problem is that, as is well known, the wall of the workers supported by the thief is known as the so-called. a slipper with a water permeability smaller than the water permeable soil, so that the slurry on the trench wall will greatly affect, or even prevent, leakage or deep leakage in accordance with the calculations.

According to Hungarian Patent No. 172977, the construction of a leaking or deep leakage from the ground level is done by placing special leakage elements in the workpieces - slots which are continuously slotted. The resulting leakage structure has window walls parallel to the trench walls, which are supported or bonded by rods. They place geotextile on the windows to prevent the collapse, that is, the leakage of the leak. The elements are of a certain height, so that they can be placed above each other in accordance with the respective trench depth. The width of the leakage elements is always smaller than the width of the workpieces to be opened, so there is no obstacle to inserting these elements into the gap. The technology assumes the creation of a ground level level on the bottom of the trench to ensure that the lower part of the leakage element is positioned in the required slope. In practice, however, the planned fall is usually unavailable, because with the slit, it is never possible to create a ground-cut ground level. Batteries should be picked up easily and quickly, so the leaking elements are preferably made of plastic; however, separate production capacity and special equipment must be provided for their production. When using leaking elements with a hydration bond, such as concrete, they require heavy-duty special cranes. A further disadvantage is that there is a narrow gap between the leaking elements and the ditch-side walls, through which the subsequent granular material loading and compaction is rather cumbersome. The completely loose stuffing will break the geotextile to a lesser extent, so its water permeability will be reduced. In addition, due to the loose filling, soil leakage, lower or higher decay and soil deposition are usually present alongside the leak.

The construction of a leak is also described in Hungarian Patent No. 178,870. There is no stubble support, because according to the technology the speed of leakage construction is so high that in principle the gap cannot collapse. The drain is equipped with a drainage pipe, which in all cases consists of rigid, perforated, preferably asbestos-cement pressure pipes. At the beginning and end of the drainage pipes, a special pipe and connecting element is provided, which allows the adjacent drainage pipes to be connected to each other with sufficient tightness. Underneath the tube support and connecting elements is the so-called. they are placed on the floor, wishing to ensure that the pipes are at the planned height. Of course, these "footsteps" allow for relatively small increases, so that fine adjustment of the tubes with these soles is not solved. The drained drainage pipes are so-called. in its pipe zone, then a single-layer leaking pipe bed of appropriate thickness is placed on which tumble-pack leaking elements are placed, letting down those iron bars that prevent tearing of the terrain bags, the cages occupying the majority of the mechanical stresses. As a result of the above technological operations, some of the leakage will work as a two-layer structure, but it is a serious problem that the leak in the vicinity of the pipe zone will only function as a single-layer leak, i.e. the lower part of the leakage body or the intake body will be burst irreparably. If the suction body around the drain is clogged, the suction body above it becomes ineffective.

A common disadvantage of all of the above solutions is that in order to ensure the draining of the drain line in accordance with the plan, it is necessary to make (rather than slit) a substantially wider trench than the geotechnically justified width of the intake body (which requires extra earthwork and excess body material), or - if a gap is made - the correct height of the drainage line cannot be practically ensured. In the case of slotting technologies, there is a further disadvantage that it is not possible to construct the double layer leakage that is often required or the use of highly expensive special leakage elements, extending over the entire depth of the rough ground. All known leakage and deep leakage construction procedures are very costly; their construction time is quite long, and the construction of the ground level contains many technical uncertainties.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a solution that allows the construction of a leakage or deep leakage in narrow workpieces, in particular in a gap, without slack or slurry support, so that the drainage pipe (drains) at the planned level, with continuous support, and can be built with a continuous drop (which eliminates the risk of water drops, settlements); and must ensure that at least the drain line from the drain line to the ground level or at least to the technically required level (below the field level) is double layered

EN 207 362 Β can be built in contact with the ground. It is another object of the present invention to provide a leakage construction with a maximum pre-production stage, with widely available, easily assembled elements and materials.

The invention is based on the discovery that the effective water level reduction effect of the leaks (gallery effect) is not significantly influenced by the fact that the leaking inlet body does not form a homogeneous, coherent body along the entire length of the leak. Hence, leaks can be formed by installing in their close proximity to the separate end bodies sealed at their two ends, which run into the drain pipe forming part of them, and during construction only these drain pipes must be connected to one another. Thus, the separate, independent body bodies function together as a coherent leak. The geotechnical characteristics of the water-bearing soil and the construction technology used at that location shall be taken into account when determining the distance between adjacent individual landings; generally, the distance between the inlet fields may be 3.0-6.0% of the length of the fields. It has also been discovered that when using leaking elements with a perforated drain tube provided on both sides of the bottom end, which are formed by dense protuberances and one-sided geotextile coverings, the leaking elements, which are difficult to drain with a drain tube, can be placed in the ditch at their lower ends, and the drainage pipes in the target and in the horizontal and in the horizontal sense. they can be positioned in the planned line, moreover, with the help of this tool, the drainage of the drain pipe with self-leveling mortar can be solved without the risk of slipping, and the leaking element can be clamped to the ground of the trench (gap).

Based on the above findings, the object of the present invention has been achieved by means of a method for inserting leaking elements having sheet-facing shapes and a geotextile fixed to them in the workpieces, preferably made by slitting technology, connected to the drain line and then the workpiece. recharged and, where appropriate, sealed with a seal made of clay in the vicinity of the field level, and characterized by the insertion of the suction areas of the bottom of the drainage pipe, which is perpendicular to the plate and which is permeable to the leaking element and which are permeable to leaking. to the workshops and the drain pipes of the adjacent body parts to the pipe ends, which are outwardly protruding from them. By fitting the hollow and longitudinal overlapping of the body bodies into the workpieces, they create a continuous drainage line.

A preferred embodiment of the method is that, on its narrow front sides and, optionally, water permeable, is preferably a geotextile strip and / or an impermeable strip or and / or rib sealed with a drain tube, bent in a U-shaped, water-impermeable sheet or / and, by means of a foil attachment element, the connected body parts are put into the workstations.

According to another aspect of the invention, the shell elements are fixed to the pipe ends by a mechanical structure, preferably by a pipe clamp or / and a caliper, and optionally by gluing; for the mechanical structures, a linkage-lowerable linkage is connected and the height and lateral alignment of the suction fields, and hence the drainage pipes, are carried out by moving this rod. In this case, it is advantageous to assemble the rod by means of rigid soluble connections from the tube members and to place a remote actuator stem connected to the tubular rod by means of a mechanical structure, such as a tube clamp, and to fine-tune the position of the suction body with said remote actuator shaft, and the elastic deformable, preferably semi-trapezoidal, curved end, attached to the linkage, is used to push the body of the body to the opposite wall of the workpieces when it is pushed into one of the walls of the body of the body. A further procedural measure is that the link is attached to a rack or similar placed above the workpiece on the field, and that movement, lifting and lowering are carried out from this rack.

According to another preferred embodiment of the method, a bedding is formed at least partially below and below the dewatering material, preferably self-leveling cement mortar, in the vicinity of the drainage tubing and joints, after the placement of the suction body. In this case, it is expedient to feed the bedding material into the workpiece through a contractor tube or mandrel.

According to another process criterion, a tube is introduced from the space through the upper closure element of the intestinal field, and a colored liquid is fed into the intake space or / and the intake area is flushed with the fluid supplied through this tube.

The suction body field (i.e., the leakage structure) for carrying out the process preferably has a thermoplastic sheet which has protrusions protruding from its plane, preferably embossed, for example by attaching a geotextile to the suction chamber by gluing or welding, and the narrow sides of the suction space are permeable or water-permeable. sealed with waterproof seals; and this suction body field is characterized by a drain pipe connected to the underside of the plate extending beyond the ends of the plate at its two ends; the drain tube is secured with a closure, preferably a U-shaped plate or foil, which closes the openings of the drain tube opposite the intake space; an outwardly facing upwardly facing upwardly facing pipe member on the lower side of one of the overhanging ends of the pipe end; on the upper side of the other protruding pipe end, an open side downwardly facing tubular member extending outwardly from the tip of this pipe end. In a preferred embodiment, the tubular elements are machined to the pipe ends

HU 207 362 Β, preferably a pipe clamp, a caliper or the like, is bonded with an adhesive, optionally with a wadding. According to another aspect of the invention, there are semicircular (180 °) tubular elements, and the axis of symmetry of the underlying tube shell extends parallel to the drainage line of the drain tube at a distance from the wall thickness of the drain tube; and the symmetry axis of the uppermost tube shell extends parallel to the drainage line end of the drain tube, at a distance from the wall thicknesses of the drain tube and tube shell. It is also preferred that the upper tube shell has tabs, projections or the like extending downwardly at its lower edges, optionally extending along a bellows section extending beyond the tip of the tube end. Finally, it is preferred that the upper tube shell is connected to the pipe end by an insert of an arcuate insert, the thickness of which is preferably at least equal to the thickness of the bottom tube shell.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which include elements, devices and operations for leakage construction. In the drawings, in Figure 1, a leaking board used for the method according to the invention is shown in a horizontal section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the gap or trench;

Figure 2 is a sectional view of a sheet leakage plate used in the method according to the present invention along the line A-A in Figure 1;

Figure 3 shows a slit trench with a leaking element in it, a rain bed, and a target tool;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view of a part of a leakage device built into a gap with partial land reclamation, top sealing;

Fig. 5 is a schematic side view of a method for connecting a leakage element and a drain tube using a target tool according to the invention;

Figure 6 shows a side view of a method of drain pipe connection according to the invention; Figure 7 is a larger scale selected in Figure 6

Intersection along line B-B; Figure 8 is a fragment C shown in Figure 5 on a larger scale.

Figures 1 and 2 show a sheet of leakage plate, which is densely embossed, with a plate protruding in one or both directions, bearing the reference numeral 20 in its entirety, to which geotextiles (e.g., glue or weld) on one or both sides 2 are attached. (to the top of the embankments), so that a leakage space 19 is formed between the plate 1 and the geotextile 2 and the geotextiles, which are closed by closures 6 (Figure 2) on the narrow sides of the sheet leakage board 20 (in the vertical position). These closures 6 may also be provided, as may be desired, from U-shaped thermoplastic sheets, films, or even fully permeable geotextile strips, but narrow ribs running along one or two parallel sides of the disc 1 may be suitable for sealing. The purpose of the closures 6 is to prevent the soil (soil particles) from entering the suction space 19 during the trench return and then the leaking operation. The thickness of the leaf leakage table v, i.e. its water permeability, is determined by the height of the embossed (waves) of the one or two-way profiled thermoplastic sheet 1; the width of .v (Figure 2) depends on the geotechnical characteristics and characteristics of the excavated soil and the characteristics of the earthmoving machinery, and the length of the trench that can be dredged in one step; the height of the leaking board 20 is given by the height of the line of the drainage line to be formed and the planned upper level of the leak or deep leak to be prepared.

On the underside of the plate 1, the connecting element 3 is fixed (for example by gluing or welding) in the perforated drain tube 5, in the present example, by means of a thermoplastic plate bent in the U-shape or a thick film. The function of said thermoplastic sheet or thick film is twofold: on the one hand, the perforated drain tube 5 is fixed to the suction body formed by the plate 1 and the geotextile 2 (geotextiles), and on the other side of the bottom 3a, the perforations of the drain tube 5 (located in the lower region of the tube) el) which are not connected to the intake space 19. This curved portion 3a prevents the self-leveling mortar and / or cement slurry, which forms the material of the lateral bed (Fig. 3), to be placed next to and below the drain tube 5, or the particles of the reclaimed soil 8 (Fig. 3). to drain.

As can be seen clearly in FIG. 2, the entire length l of the drain tube 5 is chosen such that the end ends of the pipe 5a extend outwardly from the outermost plane of the closure members perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the drain tube 5 or substantially perpendicular to it. The spacing must be chosen so that it is possible to connect (drain) 5 drain pipes of adjacent body areas (leaking fields) at lateral distances; furthermore, by means of the temporary gripping of these ends 5a by means of a target tool (manipulator) handled from the field level, the tab leakage board 20 can be adjusted to its design height and level horizontally. In practice, the value of a is usually 10-15 cm.

Referring to FIG. 3 and FIGS. 1 to 4 show the structure (target tool) by means of which the leaking boards 20 can be placed in the trench or gap and connections can be made between the drainage pipes 5 of the adjacent tables. This manipulator has a cradle 12 (Fig. 3) that can be mounted on the ground, the legs of which can be configured in a manner that allows rough height adjustment; the scaffold 12 has twin beams 12a parallel to each other, preferably horizontally adjustable. The manipulator has a rigid rod 10 which drops into the ditch, which is formed by a pipe, i.e., which can be assembled from the pipe members, preferably the ditch1.

EN 207 362 Β for depth-adjustable lengths using fast connections, such as bayonet locks or stolen clips. In the tube (or adjacent) of the rod 10, a remote actuating stem 16 is shown, which is shown in Figures 5 and 8 and which can be guided by the rod 10. The stem 16a has a threaded end portion 16a (Fig. 8), which preferably fits into the nuts 22 of the tube clamp 14, which is preferably secured by welding, i.e. by a soluble connection. Inside the lower pipe end inside the tube forming the linkage A10, a disk 23 having a central opening 24 is secured at this distance (Fig. 8), with a screw nut 15 being secured to the upper side thereof by fitting with the through-hole to the opening 24 of the disc 23. The threaded end portion 16a is also passed through the nut 15 and the opening 24. It is easy to see that the actuator 25 shown in Fig. 3, which is connected to the upper end of the linkage integrated with the remote actuator stem 16, moves the stem 16 up / down according to the / double arrow, thereby adjusting the height position of the pipe clamp 14. Note that the lower end of the linkage 10 may also be rigidly coupled to a spring plunger or shear, the wings of which can be opened by axial movement of the shaft 16 as described above. The wings of the scissors or the pliers are firmly connected to the ears (the bore) of the tube clamp 14 which fits to the pipe ends 5a of the drain tube 5. The wings of said scissors or pliers are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the trench (gap).

The manipulator (target tool) also includes one or more slit 11 slotted with dashed lines in FIG. 3, which has an inwardly curved curved end portion which is secured in the lower end region of the rod 10. One of the tasks of the sleeve 11 is to clamp the leaking board 20 on one of the walls of the trench (slit) by tensioning itself against the opposite wall of the trench. The other purpose of the sleeve 11 is to guide the rod 10 in the ditch and to support the rod 10, which is dependent on the shelf 12, at one or more points to the ditch wall, so as to prevent any shackle movement or console-like behavior of the rod 10. With the help of the linkage 10, not only the precise horizontal and height adjustment of the drainage pipes 5 can be performed, but the rod 10 is also suitable for the drain pipe 5 to be a self-leveling mortar forming the bedding 9 shown in Fig. 3, preferably underlaying a plastic mortar containing mortar accelerator. also take power.

According to the method of the invention, the leakage construction is as follows:

the narrow workpiece required for the leakage (deep leakage), indicated by reference numeral 26 in FIG. Based on the geotechnical characteristics, the gap effect, the high construction speed, and the yield of the potentially infiltrating water, but mainly with the opening of the test slit, it is possible to determine the trench length that can be opened and deepened from the slope of the ground recharge to the planned lower level of the leaking (deep leakage) bedding. The trench length that can be kept open with the required safety determines the maximum width s of the individual suction body 21 shown in Figures 4 and 2.

Each of the leakage boards 20 (Figures 1 and 2) may be used to assemble the body 21 in a manner known per se, or even before it; both width (trench length) and altitude can be classified by 20 leakage boards adjacent to each other to form a 21 body area, but it is also conceivable that each tab leakage table alone forms a leaking field.

Prior to release of the body 21 into the workpiece 26, the pipe ends 5a of their drainage tubes 5 are fitted with 180 ° tube-shaped tube elements 13, 17 with pipe clamps 14 (Figures 5, 6 and 8), which are used to drain the body 21. and also needed to set up.

At the pipe ends 5a of the drainage tubes 5, the half pipe portions 13, 17 are secured so that they extend over one end of the pipe ends 5a and, on the other hand, the tube members 13 fit at the bottom of one of the pipe ends 5a, i.e. their symmetry lines fall into the vertical plane of the flow bottom; however, on the other end of the pipe end 5a, the half shell element 17 fits from above, so that its symmetry line extends into the (upper vertical) plane (upper vertical plane) of the drainage tube 5 (Figure 7). The tube line 17 extending to the end line also has the tabs 27 extending downwardly on the horizontal center plane of the drain tube 5, only shown in Figure 7. In order to provide an appropriate overlapping relationship between the tube members 13, 17 (the degree of overlap is indicated by reference letter h in Figure 6) below the upper tube shell 17, as shown in FIG.

Thus, the pre-assembled complete 21-body field for the already described racks 12 (two side racks 12 are used side by side to accommodate a suction body 21, as shown in FIG. 4). The lower rod member 10 of the rod 10 and the pipe clamp 14 are formed between

Figure 8 is a soluble connection (for which a wedge or other means may be used instead of a threaded mechanism). If the aforesaid spring scissors or pliers are used, its wings are inserted into the ears or flanges of the pipe clamp 14 (or clamp or clamp) on the drain tube 5, and the spring 16 of the spring scissors or pliers is also connected.

By means of the rods 10 (Figs. 3, 5, 6 and 8), which rest on the breastbone 12a of the shelf 12, the drainage of the complex body 21 is started into the ditch 26, and then continued by adding new rod members as needed. extended to the bar, prolonging the latter during the lowering of the ditch depth. At least the lowest rod member has the aforementioned elastic deformable tensioner 11 fastened, but may even be fitted with a plunger 11 for pushing and tensioning the linkage 10 with the complex body 21 on it. Note that

EN 207 362 Β Of course, when lowering the body 21, the upper end of the drain 10 must be positioned on the rack 12 in the designed vertical plane defined by the trough 14 attached to the pipe end 5a.

Fig. 5 shows an inlet duct 21 which is already in the ditch and is fitted with a duct 13 which is located in the extension of the drip line and facing the laying direction indicated by arrow E. The inner radius of this tube shell 13 is the same as the outer radius of the boat end 5a (i.e. the drain pipe 5). The following (not shown) intake 21 then depends on the rods 10, and on the tube end 5a facing the opposite end of the arrow E (FIGS. 4 and 5) (i. element is secured with a pipe clamp 14 (Fig. 6). The inner radius of this tube shell 17 is equal to or slightly larger than the outer radius of the tube shell element 13. It will be appreciated that, if this 21 body field, together with the linkage 10, is lowered into the workpiece 26 in the intended manner by the support 12, the tubular member 17 will fit the overlap shown in FIG. 13 is a pipe shell element belonging to a previously placed 21 body. The above-mentioned arcuate inserts 18 (Fig. 7) are provided to ensure correct bearing; if the tubular elements are made by factory production (not on site), the tube shells and the inserts 18 can be manufactured in one step. The shells 13, 17 may be made of plastic or rubber sheet. In addition to the fastening with the pipe clamp 14, it is also desirable to glue the pipe ends 5 and the tubular elements 13, 17 together. The pipe clamp 14 has a tab over the end line of the pipe end 5a, which can be used to position the body 21. The hollow sections 27 of the tube shell 17 shown in FIG. 7, the vertical projections, make it much easier to insert the tube element 17 into the already existing tube shell element 13. It is to be noted that these tabs (projections) may extend along the entire length of the tube shell element 17, so that the vertical overlap with the shell shell 13 is realized in the region of horizontal overlap. The fully accurate adjustment (fine adjustment) is done by adjusting the rod 10 / arrow (fine-lifting as required) by leaning on the rack 12 by rotating the wheel 25 (FIGS. 3 and 4) in the correct direction, as shown in FIG. mechanism. It should be noted that horizontal drainage of the drainage pipes 5 forming part of the body 21 is not required on the bottom of the trench, because the connections created as described above, as shown in Figures 4 and 6 with reference numerals 7, are completely reliable and solid, water. though they are not allowed, they do not. The interleaves 7 are spontaneously spontaneously formed by the lowering of the body 21 by the overlapping of the shell elements 13, 17.

In the next phase, the intake field 21 is fixed in its planned position, and the drainage operation of the drain tube 5 is then performed with the above-mentioned self-leveling mortar; the bedding is shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5 and designated by reference numeral 9. The mortar, which is preferably a cement mortar containing a plasticizer and an accelerator, or a concrete containing a fine-grained additive, is applied to the bottom of the workpiece 26 via a mandrel tube. During this operation, in order to eliminate the risk of slipping, the entire body 21 is fastened to the shelf 12 via the clamps 14 and the rod 10. Embedding is performed to the extent specified in the design (90 °, 120 °, 180 °).

Once the embedding has been completed, the rods 10 are uncoupled from the tube clamps 14, simply by unscrewing the actuating stem 16 in the node 8 and pulling it onto the space. The rod (tube) 10 can then be removed - disassembled into its members. When using the aforementioned spring scissors or pliers, we open it with the remote control shaft 16.

After recovering the linkage 10, the ground return (indicated by the reference number in Figures 3 and 4 is indicated by reference numeral 8) followed by the installation of the generally sealed clay 4 in the area of the t space. The closure of the upper end of the suction body fields 21 prior to the completion of the seal 4 made of clay may be accomplished by simple plastic foil or sheet spreading, but may also be made with the aforementioned closure 6, in the latter case, if a tube extending through the closure 6 into the space is led to in the intake space (Figures 1 and 2), by introducing a coloring agent into this tube, the possibly truncated intestinal field can be determined because the colored water cannot reach the drain pipe 5 through the collapsed leak field. Through these pipes, the rinsing of each body of the body can be accomplished by water pressure or / and circulation.

The above described technological operations can be carried out continuously and repeated until the complete leakage device is produced in the planned length. THE

Figure 4 shows the technological operations according to the progress of the construction; the figure clearly shows that the adjacent intake fields 21 of the width s, corresponding to the depth of the ditch 26, are connected to each other on the larger scale by the joints 7 shown in Fig. 6, together with the drainage pipes 5 forming part of these 21 body sections. they form a continuous drainage conduit through which the water captured by the body 21 can leave the recipient. The bed 9, of course, also fixes the position of these joints 7, which are otherwise covered by the above-ground soil 8. The distance b indicated in Figure 4 is generally 20-30 cm (3.0-6.0% of y width).

The beneficial effects of the invention can be summarized as follows:

By constructing the independent body fields (field leaks) continuously - which can be done from the field - and their water conduction connections, the leakage / deep leakage is also fast, economical and safe from the point of view of the water flow, by designing the devices from the surface.

EN 207 362 Β is extremely advantageous. Each individual leakage field can be fully assembled in advance, in complex. Leaf-leaking boards are narrow, slender, which in itself is a cost-effective factor and has the advantage of opening minimal-width jobs. Due to the process and the target tool according to the invention, due to the installation of an auxiliary assembly, it is possible to ensure the exact horizontal and elevation position of the drainage pipes without leaving the ditch in the ditch, so that no drainage can occur in the drainage pipes and consequently no settling and clogging can occur. The same statement applies to the body sections themselves. When connecting the drain hoses of adjacent body parts, the horizontal axial movement of the pipes is not required, which makes the pump construction work extremely easy. Since the drainage of the drainage pipes is secured in the axial direction, no vertical displacement (jumping) can occur at these points, i.e. at the joints. The solid foundation of the drainage pipes was perfectly secured by the bearing and the risk of soaring during the underlaying operation was completely eliminated. The connection of the drain pipe and the suction body according to the invention ensures that the drain pipe receives water only from the suction space bounded by the geotextile, so that the risk of drain drainage is minimal. It follows from the technology of the invention that the body of the suction body fits into the produced, water-borne, transverse ground, which is of great importance for the proper functioning of the leak. A further advantage is that a possibly truncated leak field (suction field) can be easily determined, and that the rinsing, i.e., without rupture, of the collapsed field can be performed easily and quickly.

Since the construction of a leakage / deep leakage according to the process of the invention requires only a minimum width, i.e. very narrow, without opening a trench, and / or a gap, and in the ditch complex pre-fabricated body bodies are placed, the very high construction and machine requirements of the construction speed as well as the need for material, the use of individual machines and equipment, the production of completely new products is not necessary, so the process is highly economical and its competitiveness is very favorable in comparison with similar processes known in the art. Finally, we consider the advantage of the invention that the leakage construction that is otherwise extremely dangerous is possible from the space, thus completely eliminating the risk of accidents resulting from work in the ditch.

The invention is, of course, not limited to the specific modalities detailed above, but can be implemented in a variety of ways within the scope of the claims.

Claims (14)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. A method for constructing a leak, especially a deep leak, comprising the step of inserting leaking elements having laterally protruding shapes and a fixed geotextile plate into the trenches, preferably by slit technology, which are connected by a duct and then in the vicinity of the terrain level, it is preferably sealed with a clay gasket, characterized in that a suction body having a water-permeable drainage pipe (5) having a pipe (1) parallel to the plate (1) and extending beyond the end (5a) of the leaking element. inserting the fields (21) laterally spaced (b) into the trenches (26), and the drainage pipes (5) of the adjacent suction body fields (21) extending outwardly from the outwardly extending tubular members (13; 17) to the pipe ends (5a). meaning and by interconnecting longitudinally overlapping suction body fields (21) by releasing the sumps (26) into each other to form a continuous drain line. A method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the narrow face and, optionally, a water-permeable, preferably geotextile, band and / or a water-impermeable band or / and rib, closed at the bottom by the drain tube (5), introducing interconnected suction body fields (21) into the trenches (26) by means of a connection element (3) formed by a water impermeable plate and / or foil, Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shell elements (13; 17) are fixed to the pipe ends (5a) by mechanical means, preferably by means of a pipe clamp (14) or / and by means of a pallet and possibly by gluing; attaching to the mechanical structures a bar (10) that can be raised and lowered from the surface (t) to provide lifting and stability of the suction body fields (21) and adjusting the height and lateral adjustment of the suction body fields (21) and thereby the drainage pipes (5). moving the rod (10). Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the rod 10 is assembled from tubular members by rigid, releasable connections and a telescopic arm (16) connected to the mechanical structure, such as a tubular clamp (14), is inserted inside the tubular rod (10), and finely adjusting the suction body field position (21) with said remote actuating shaft (16). Method according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a resiliently deformable, preferably semi-trapezoidal, curved end, which is fixed to the link (10) and is bent into one of its walls when the suction body space (21) is released into the trenches. ), the suction body field (21) is tensioned against the opposite wall of the trenches. 6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the link (10) is connected to a platform (12) or the like located above the working grooves (26) on the ground surface (t) and moved, raised and lowered from said platform. 7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the suction body fields (21) are located 9 Subsequent to the sinking, a bed (9) is formed in the vicinity of the drainage pipes (5) and the junctions (7), at least in the slit below and adjacent to the reinforcing material, preferably self-leveling cement mortar or concrete. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the material of the bed (9) is fed to the work trenches (26) via a contractor pipe or a knuckle. 9. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a tube is introduced from the space color (t) through the upper closure element of the suction body space (21), and a colored liquid is supplied therewith to the suction space (19) or rinse the suction chamber. 10. Suction body field as shown in Figures 1-9. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a sheet (1), preferably of thermoplastic material, having shapes extending out of its plane, preferably embossed, for example by gluing or welding a geotextile (2) surrounding the suction space (19), and the narrow sides of the suction chamber (19) are sealed with water-impermeable or water-impermeable closures (6), characterized in that a drain tube (5) is connected to the underside of the plate (1) which extends beyond the ends of the plate; the drain tube (5) being secured by a closure element (6), preferably in the form of a sheet or foil bent in the form of U-shaped tubes, which closes the openings of the drain tube (5) opposite the suction space (19); attached to the underside of one of the overhanging tube ends (5a) is a kissing night element (13) facing the outwardly extending open side of the cam of this tube end (5a); a tube member (17) extending outwardly with its open side facing downwardly on the cam of this tube end (5a) is secured to the upper side of the other overhanging tube end (5a). Suction body according to Claim 10, characterized in that the tubular elements (13; 17) are fixed to the pipe ends (5a) by a mechanical structure, preferably a pipe clamp (14), a caliper or the like and optionally by gluing, 12. Suction body according to claim 1, characterized in that it has semicircular (180 °) hollow section elements (13; 17) and the axis of symmetry of the lower hollow section element (13) parallel to the flow bottom line of the drain pipe (5). 5) lies at a distance corresponding to its wall thickness; and the axis of symmetry of the top shell member (17) extends parallel to the line of the drain tube (5) at a distance from the sum of the wall thicknesses of the drain tube (5) and the shell member (17). 13. A 10-12. Suction body according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the upper tube element (17) has downwardly extending tabs (27) extending on its lower edges, extending or similarly extending over a tube element portion extending over the cam end of the tube end (5a). 14. A 10-13. Suction body according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the upper tube element (17) is connected to the tube end (5a) by inserting an arcuate insert (18), preferably having at least the same thickness as the lower tube (13).